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DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 DAILY NEWS DIARY Of 16.07.2021 FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS 1 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 Warm Greetings. DnD aims to provide every day news analysis in sync with the UPSC pattern. It is targeted at UPSC – Prelims & Mains. Daily articles are provided in the form of Question and Answers To have a bank of mains questions. And interesting to read. Providing precise information that can be carried straight to the exam, rather than over dumping. Enjoy reading. THE HINDU - TH INDIAN EXPRESS - IE BUSINESS LINE - BL ECONOMIC TIMES - ET TIMES OF INDIA - TOI 2 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 INDEX Essay Paper 1. Personal Data Protection Bill (PDP)................................................................................................04 GS 2 Polity 1. Judicial Activism in righting the Sedition wrongs………………………………………………………………………05 GS 3 Science & Technology 1. Draft Drone Rules, 2021...............................................................................................................06 Economic Development 2. Financial Inclusion frameworks harmonising regulatory…………………………………………………………..07 Personality 3. GIRA SARABHAI………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..08 3 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 ESSAY PAPER Editorial Q- Why it is urgent to have an omnibus data protection law, substantiate with evidence? INTRODUCTION = Almost three years after the deadline, RBI’s finally cracked the whip on data localisation. Mastercard Asia has been ordered to refrain from taking on new customers as it failed to fulfil its obligations under the local data storage rules. Mastercard is a leader in global payments. This development foregrounds two issues – 1. Of narrower interest is the impact it will have on the payments market. 2. The bigger issue is how will this fit in with data localisation requirements under India’s Personal Data Protection Bill (PDP) that was introduced in the Parliament 19 months ago. India’s retail payments landscape has transitioned to contactless payments, and cards are slowly losing relevance. In 2020-21, the value of retail payments was Rs 415.12 lakh crore, and NEFT (National Electronic Funds Transfer ) accounted for 61% of it. However, it’s UPI that’s fast gaining market share at 10% and RBI is talking to other jurisdictions to enable its usage in cross-border transactions. Cards have a 3% market share and Mastercard is estimated to account for around one-third of those transactions. Therefore, RBI’s move, especially since renewal of existing Mastercards are not affected, won’t be really market disruptive. Coming to the issue of data rules at hand - As for PDP, this is supposed to be the umbrella law guiding the use of personal data. This includes government when it acts as a data fiduciary, the entity that determines the purpose of processing data. The bill was referred to a joint parliamentary committee headed by BJP’s Meenakshi Lekhi. It’s been busy – it had 66 sittings last year – but Lekhi and some other members have been made ministers in last week’s reshuffle. The committee’s report however is still under preparation. BJP needs to move fast and ensure a report is submitted in the coming Parliament session. The original bill covered localisation and stated that some critical data shall be processed only in India. 4 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 Way Forward PDP cannot exist in isolation. India has globally competitive firms in data processing and PDP’s contours will have a ripple effect on them. A benchmark could be the EU’s GDPR which allows transfer of data to non-EU-based firms provided they follow the same standards. What’s clear is that everyone, RBI included, has to be governed by PDP’s standards, which can look at the big picture. GS 2 Polity Q- Comment on the role of Judicial Activism in righting the Sedition wrongs? BACKGROUND = Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana, in what may be an unprecedented judicial criticism of the way the sedition law is used by the government to crush liberties, asked – 1. Why a colonial law used against Mahatma Gandhi and Bal Gangadhar Tilak continued to survive in the law book 75 years after Independence. The CJI’s remarks have opened the floor for debate and introspection on the court’s own verdict in 1962, in the Kedar Nath case, which upheld Section 124A. 5 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 2. Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code, was prone to misuse by the government. “The use of sedition is like giving a saw to the carpenter to cut a piece of wood and he uses it to cut the entire forest itself.” 3. Here the Central and State law enforcement agencies are using the law to silence dissent, muzzle free expression and deny bail to jailed activists, journalists, students and civil society members. A number of petitions have been filed highlighting the “chilling effect” sedition has on the fundamental right of free speech. 4. If you look at the history of use of this Section 124A of IPC, you will find that the conviction rate is very low. There is misuse of power by executive agencies. 5. The CJI asked the government why it did not throw out the sedition law along with the hundreds of “stale laws” it had expunged from the statute books. 6. Look at how Section 66A of the Information Technology Act is continuing to be used with no accountability. Petitions against the Sedition Law – 1. The Bench issued notice to the Centre on a petition filed by retired Army General S.G. Vombatkere, represented by advocates P.B. Suresh and Prasanna S., to quash Section 124A. 2. In its order, the court has also issued notice to the government on a writ petition filed jointly by the Editors Guild of India and cartoonist Aseem Trivedi. 3. The Bench noted that two other petitions filed by Kishore Chandra Wangkemcha and M/s Aamoda Broadcasting Company Private Limited, the latter against the Andhra Pradesh government, was pending before the apex court. Both cases concerned sedition charges. 4. Meanwhile, senior journalist Arun Shourie and NGO Common Cause, both represented by advocate Prashant Bhushan, has moved the Supreme Court to quash Section 124A. Their petition contended that a “presumption of constitutionality does not apply to pre-constitutional laws as those laws have been made by foreign legislature or body”. Abuse of the law - 1. The sweeping powers of Section 124A gives even a village police officer carte blanche to trample on the right to liberty and free speech of ordinary citizens. 2. The situation on the ground is grave... If one party does not like what the other is saying, Section 124A is used... It is a serious threat to the functioning of individuals and parties Mr. Venugopal submitted that the court need not strike down Section 124A. “It is enough to see if there were any excesses in its use and limit the Section to its real purpose… That would be enough”. 6 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 GS 3 Science & Technology Q- Describing the significance of Drones, write a note on the legal provisions exisiting in the country for their use? BACKGROUND = Simplified drone rules, which abolish the need for a large number of approvals and give impetus to research and development, are in the offing in the country. The Ministry of Civil Aviation on Thursday released the Draft Drone Rules, 2021, for public consultation until August 5. The rules will replace the Unmanned Aircraft System Rules, 2021, notified on March 12, 2021. Importance of Drones – “Drones are bringing the next big tech revolution around the globe with reduced costs, resources and time taken for operations. It is upon us to ride on the new wave and facilitate its uptake, especially among our start-ups”. 1. The intent is to make the rules user-friendly and to encourage drone research and development. This is another important step towards realising the vision of India as a drone hub. 2. The number of forms to be filled to seek authorisation before operating a drone has been reduced from 25 to six. 7 www.sosinclasses.com +91 90000 36699 [email protected] Page DAILY NEWS DIARY 16.07.2021 3. While most drones will need a unique identification number, a certificate of airworthiness, a remote pilot licence for the person controlling the drone and prior permission, no such approvals will be required for drones used for research and development by entities and educational institutions recognised by the Union government, State governments or Union Territory Administrations, start-ups recognised by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade and drone manufacturers having a Goods and Service Tax Identification Number. 4. Unlike the previous rules, which required drone operators to have a principal place of business within India, there are no such restrictions for foreign-owned companies registered in India in the new proposed rules. 5. Drones will also not need security clearance before registration or licence issuance. 6. The Quality Council of India and certification entities authorised by it will issue airworthiness certificates for drones, instead of the Directorate-General of Civil Aviation. 7. In order to encourage indigenous manufacturing, import of drones and drone components will be regulated by the Directorate-General of Foreign Trade. 8. Moreover, the Union government may specify certain standards for obtaining a certificate of airworthiness for drones, which will promote the “use of made-in-India technologies, designs, components and drones; and India’s regional navigation satellite system named Navigation with Indian Constellation [NavIC].
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