American Junior Red Cross News 1924-10

American JUNIOR RED CROSS October 1924 Z es ‘T Serve” WHAT YOUR NATIONAL FUND | WILL DO THIS YEAR

SHES SEY BEER Dr EAE EEESINIHAFPBN WS SSNS AAA AAA SSR SS Ret, Was SP SRBiw8wAAN LWW SS NW WH SA{H An Austrian Junior Red Cross ‘‘sportfest’’ in the suburbs of Vienna. The boys’ suits were made by the girl Juniors

OR the cover design of this number of the News and practice of service and good will among the children we are indebted to a fourteen-year-old pupil of of the world. the Cizek Art School in Vienna, the story of The representative of the American Junior Red Cross which is told on pages 22 and 23. American Juniors in Europe writes to us: “The American Junior Red have helped to make this school possible, and the cover Cross has been mainly instrumental in founding and design is one of the tokens of appreciation that have inspiring these Junior organizations; it would be deeply been sent back to American Juniors. On pages 24 and regrettable if, having put our hand to the plow, we 25 there are reproduced the cover designs of eighteen should now withdraw when the harvest is almost as- of the twenty Junior Red Cross magazines now in sured. We anticipate that for two or three years, at existence (Italy has two Junior magazines). Most of least, most of the Junior organizations in Central and these magazines published on the continent cf Europ? Eastern Europe will need the small assistance which we have been made possible by assistance from the National hope that you can give them, and which will continue Children’s Fund of American Juniors. Each of these to be tremendously appreciated.” magazines which we have helped to establish has On page 20 there will be found the first of a series brought joy to thousands of children who were without of articles by the American Junior Red Cross staff pleasurable and wholesome children’s publications, of artist, which will be continued throughout the year, ac- which we have such an abundance in this country. companied by drawings and paintings made by her on Each of them represents a newly-organized Junior Red the scene of activities which our National Children’s Cross which is actively carrying on enterprises started Fund will make possible this year. Meanwhile, the with assistance from our National Children’s Fund. readers of the News will be interested in a brief outline At the head of this page is an illustration of activities of some of the things that this Fund will accomplish on one of the scores of playgrounds established in this year. Europe with the help of American Juniors, and now CuristMAs Boxes.—It will pay the cost of shipping carried on by European Junior Red Cross groups. On 100,000 Christmas boxes to European countries and page 29 there is a reproduction of a health poster made some of our insular territories, carrying messages of by an American Indian Junior. Your National Chil- good will to several hundred thousand children. dren’s Fund has helped to bring health-giving activities AMERICAN INpDIANS.—It will provide an experienced to these Indian children and to perform other services Indian teacher of weaving for Navajo girls, in order for them. They themselves are now organized in that the declining art of weaving the famous Navajo Junior Red Cross, performing service for themselves rugs may be perpetuated. In other ways it will promote and others. health-giving and useful activities among these isolated The really fine thing about the National Children’s children, and help to cultivate in them and in Juniors Fund of the American Junior Red Cross is not that it everywhere an appreciation of the Indians’ contribu- has afforded relief in cases of destitution, but that it tions to civilization. has started enterprises that have put disadvantaged chil- Our INSULAR TERRITORIES.—An appeal has come for dren on the road to self-help and has spread the spirit assistance in starting a playground in the Pacific Island [18] OcToBEr, 1924 Supplement to Junior Red Cross News The Teacher’s Page

BY RUTH EVELYN HENDERSON

HE teacher should keep in mind a two-fold use- which did much to contribute to civilization the ideal fulness of the News and Calendar; first, as actual of physical health. Such study may extend to consid- class-room material for study, illustration, report and eration of Grecian sculpture, other forms of art, and later reference; second, as “leads” in beginning broader ideals of liberty. class-room discussion, research, and projects. 2. Closely tied to this is the whole problem of giving, into which a teacher may lead her Juniors as deep as THE OCTOBER NEWS IN THE their maturity permits: a. the difference between help- SCHOOL ful sympathy and harmful sentimentality; b. local organizations for taking care of needy people; c. sound HE October number, particularly in the four edi- principles upon which such or- torials and articles listed, carries, in a picturesque Wise and Unwise ganizations should be built; d. and vivid manner, information which is itself of educa- Giving. relief or cure, prevention, and re- tional value as to the far-reach- habilitation in such matters as Lighting Candles, ing service rendered by the individual or community health, disaster relief, ete. p. 32. National Children’s Fund. (see supplementary pamphlets of Red Cross services, Introducing the Every Junior is thus reminded such as A. R. C. 209, When Disaster Strikes); e. the Baltic Juniors, that he is an active partner in efficacy of group giving in promptness and permanence Pp. 20, 21. great national and world enter- as compared with individual giving; f. reasons for a What Your National prises. Such material is worth great volunteer organization of international scope such Fund Will Do This use as a basis for silent read- as the Red Cross. In hearing the story of Latvia, even Year, pp. 18, 19. ing, for reports, and for sug- tiny Juniors will realize that the National Children’s Putting Juniors’ gestions in poster work (for Fund has not only given relief where it was needed, but Money to Work, p. instance, drawing or pasting that the Juniors served have been quick to help them- 26. cut-outs of lighted candles on selves and to extend help in turn to other comrades. maps of the countries named, So, again, patronage is replaced by respect. drawing lines on a map to show the international con- 3. There are good and poor ways of getting money tacts made through the Children’s Fund, drawing cos- to give. To go home and ask daddy for a dime for the tume pictures of children of countries affected, holding National Children’s Fund is a poor way. The Chil- their candles,.ete.). dren’s Fund stands for service rendered in earning the money as well as in using it. No Junior is too young A National Children’s Fund Project to recognize that a gift is doubly ISCUSSION of this material will rouse Juniors Service Money valuable if it has been earned by, to a desire to share in national and international Earned by and thus really belongs to, the service. Such a project opens three main lines of study, Service. person making the gift. A by- which teachers can follow through, as far as their chil- product is a clearer understand- dren are able to understand: ing of the value and meaning of money when it has been earned instead of merely asked for, while the use of 1. The countries served by the National Chil- money for unselfish purposes forestalls any danger that dren’s Fund, the child will expect all service to be paid for in “hard 2. Ways of using such a fund, cash,” losing sight of more real rewards. But there will 3. Ways of raising a local contribution. be the double satisfaction of realizing that a concrete value is put upon one’s service and of using this new 1. The countries served: a. learning their location by power for worthy purposes. Activities for raising such poster work, drawing, or “pointing out”; b. learning a fund may be group or individual, or both. Some out- about the customs, costumes, population, government, of-the-ordinary home service may merit money com- etc., of these countries as they are today; c. studying pensation ; some part of regular weekly earnings may be their development since the World War; d. studying out- contributed; basketry, place-cards for luncheons, other standing facts of their history before the war; e. learn- art or hand work, garden produce, homemade candy, ing of contributions made to the world by any of these ete., may be sold at bazaars, fairs, or markets. Old countries. papers and rags may be salvaged, or a rummage sale This last point is worth stressing, for it will help to conducted. Pageants or plays may be given. Partici- substitute for a very general human tendency to con- pation in such activities is one way of earning individual descension a more wholesome attitude of respect for the membership. peoples of other lands and races. For instance, most young Americans are fully in- Communication Advances Understanding—Under- Not Charity but formed about international Olym- standing Advances Good Will Reciprocity. pic games. They will be inter- The National Children’s Fund may be thought of ested to learn that in helping to both as being in itself one means of communication and support a health colony for Greek Juniors, we have a as stimulating other forms of communication. The chance to repay in part an ancient debt to a country double page, showing covers of Junior magazines pub- Ocroser, 1924 THE OCTOBER NEWS IN THE SCHOOL lished in eighteen other countries, is a striking reminder Fourth, such gifts should have some permanent value that children all over the world to the group receiving them, and should not be fanciful, Nineteen Countries are striving to express similar temporary, or individual. Now Have Junior ideals of service and friendliness. Finally, such gifts should supplement but not sup- Red Cross Maga- The school paper may make this plant the regular correspondence which interprets them. zines, pp. 24, 25. effort individual. Perhaps your Words are still the most practical medium of communi- pupils can write editorials or even cation. The story of Professor Cizek’s Art School, compile a special Junior Red Cross Number of their written by an American Junior of thirteen, sets a high own paper as a Roll Call service. Back of all vital study standard for the written expres- of oral or written expression should lie the ideal of im- Building With sion of which our children are proved communication, with the almost certain break- Words. capable. Hilda Conkling’s poem ing down of misconceptions among individuals, groups, is a reminder of what many teach- and races. ers are doing, increasingly well, to draw poetic expression from children. H. Caldwell Cook’s Homework and Self-Expression—Letting Children Build Hobbyhorses (E. P. Dutton Co.) is a delightful anthology of verse written by the younger boys of the Perse HE Calendar brings the suggestion that beginning School, England. An interesting anthology of verse by a school museum may be a valuable school service. American high-school pupils has been published by Mr. From foreign children have come charming miniature Paul Nickerson, Canton, Mass. costumes, dolls in native dress, tiny woven rugs, embroidery and lace designs, and even little models of Heroes of Service rooms, houses, etc. American teachers are likely to ascribe wholly to racial heritage the originality and TUDY of “Heroes of Service” correlates naturally maturity of art and other handwork by children of with the study of service stimulated by the Chil- foreign lands. We have been too inclined to neglect the dren’s Fund project. To guide the instinctive hero- gifts of expression in the hands of American children. worship of the child, helping him to value services Recently an American city sponsored a whittling con- soundly for himself, is a part of every teacher’s task. test among school boys to stimulate them to recover an Encourage Juniors to discover heroes in their school art which many of their grandfathers had possessed. study and to learn also that valuable service is not nec- RE RO SS eS eRee The project of a school museum, which necessitates our essarily conspicuous. A consideration of services ren- preparing gifts in exchange, offers an incentive to chil- dered by the working people of the community may lay dren and an opportunity to teachers to develop this side a solid foundation for vocational guidance. Supple- of self-expression. mentary helps here are Eva March Tappan’s Heroes of Such work should be, first, truly representative ; that Service (Riverside Press, Cambridge, Mass.) and Grace is, homely in the best sense of the word. School clothes, Humphrey’s Heroes of Progress (Bobbs-Merrill Com- athletic suits, common official uniforms are all descrip- pany, Indianapolis, Ind.). tive of well-known phases of daily life. Models or draw- The teacher will naturally hesitate to suggest to her ings of living-rooms are more typical than those of the pupils that she is herself a hero of service! Neverthe- “drawing rooms” of romantic little girls’ imaginations. less, aside from the daily service every good teacher The Cape Cod parlor, archaic but not obsolete, is worth renders, the 150,000 teachers who are leading their preserving. Other interpretations of daily life may be pupils in service projects are members of the great army the playground, the barnyard, a section of a village, or of Red Cross volunteers who a familiar landscape. Teacher, Too. strive to promote health, well- Second, such work should not be too bulky for ex- being, and good will throughout change. Drawings and other flat work have an advan- the world. As such they are not only interested in the tage here. Attractive scenes are often pictured by cut- local Red Cross Chapter, but should be closely identified ting out silhouettes and pasting them on appropriate with it. In preparing for Roll Call activities on the backgrounds. This is a good group activity for younger part of Juniors they will be taking advantage of an in- children. Miniature costumes and rugs, either cloth or centive which participation in any community activity paper, can be mounted in portfolios. gives to learning. Boys and girls will find a real pur- Third, such work should be substantial and securely pose for oral and written expression, in making Roll packed, for breakage has been too common. Rag dolls Call speeches and a chance for practical civics in sharing are received with delight by foreign children. Wooden the responsibilities involved. But the teachers, too, or cardboard furniture should not be too flimsy. The should find encouragement and support in their work model will not carry well, and the parts will shake out by identifying themselves with the activities of the of place, if set up before being sent. It should be Chapter. Even more, they can bring to fellow-citizens packed compactly and accompanied by a drawing or who may forget the deeper significances of the Red Cross diagram with instructions for setting it up after it is work they support some of that direct inspiration re- received. ceived through leadership of eager children. Y

Mdddddditadliidlddbiistaald dieaiahidli Mlle. Mlb bids To promote self-help, Polish Juniors were given seeds and tools. In Vilno a play shelter and library are new gifts

of Guam, where there is so little for children to do, American Juniors will help equip this important center. and where a Junior organization already exists. It is A very beautiful children’s sanatorium, operated by likely that the assistance will be given. Books for a the Austrian Red Cross at Grimmenstein, can now take library have already been sent to this island. Christmas only a limited number of children. American Juniors boxes will be sent to the children of Guam by Juniors will help to extend the service of this sanatorium to a of our Pacific Division. A library is being projected larger number of children. Austrian Juniors will also for the Island of Samoa. help. IsoLATED SCHOOLS IN OuR Own Country.—Junior The Cizek Art School in Vienna, described else- Red Cross is gaining a foothold in out-of-the-way where in this issue of the NEws by an American Junior, places, as in remote mountain regions. It is probable which is carrying on a splendid work under great diffi- that some small appropriation from the National Chil- culties, will be provided by American Juniors with dren’s Fund will be necessary to assist these courageous necessary materials and equipment. Juniors. Buicaria.—There is practically no children’s litera- ALBANIA.—The well-known Albanian Vocational ture in this country, except the Bulgarian Junior Red School, at Tirana, founded by American Juniors, is Cross magazine, which American Juniors have helped progressing splendidly. It was attended last year by a to found. The National Children’s Fund will help to hundred Albanian boys who show great talent and great place this magazine, this year, in poor schools in the eagerness for education. Their letters to American rural and mountain districts of the country, where it schools are among the best received in the course of our could not otherwise find its way. See the cover of this international school correspondence. The school is the magazine on page 24. It is proposed also to provide pride of Albania and is receiving an increasing amount the Bulgarian Junior Red Cross with a certain amount of support from the Albanian government, to which it of camp equipment to be lent to Junior groups for the will be turned over in due time. For the present we promotion of summer health camp activities. must still help it, and $20,000 will be given to it this Huncary.—Materials will be provided to enable year. Junior Groups in this country to engage in embroidery, Austria.—No children of Europe have suffered wood carving, and other forms of native art. These more, as a result of the war, than those of Austria. materials are so costly that these activities are dying Our National Children’s Fund projects for this year, out. By furnishing them, the children are.taught means as in other countries, are the natural outgrowth of of self-support, the native art, is preserved, and the projects of earlier years. In the outskirts of Vienna Junior groups are provided with needed activity. the beautiful Hutteldorf Estate has been given (by Playgrounds will be equipped in crowded parts of Austrians) for the use of the Austrian Junior Red Budapest, where the need is very great. “To build up Cross. Here health-giving and social activities will be the health and morale of the country and to counter- carried on, and Junior fétes and school assemblies held, balance the tendency to sit too long in cramped positions not only for Juniors of Vienna, but also for the groups in too close application on indoor work, the playground of Juniors that make excursions to Vienna from all program is being launched in Hungary.” parts of the country, both in summer and winter. . (Continued on page 30)

Junior Red Cross News is published monthly, exclusive of June, July, and Angust, in Washington, D. C. Volume 6, October, 1924, Number 2, 50 cents a year; 10 cents a copy. Entered as second-class matter January 18, 1921, at the post office at Washington, D.C., under Act of March [19] 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in section 1108, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 3, 1921. INTRODUCING THE BALTIC JUNIORS By Anna Milo Upjohn

F THE American Juniors could wander through Europe from the Baltic to the Mediterranean they would everywhere be greeted with a shout of comradeship and they would thrill with pride over the many Junior projects which their gifts have started and which even now might fall by the way- side were it not for their help and sympathy. But they would also realize with amazement and ad- miration that it is the Junior Red Cross groups of these European countries which are doing the bulk of their own Junior work. Doing it with meagre means, a steady courage, and much sacrifice. It is Latvian children in ‘‘the devastated area’’ still live in old only fair that the American Juniors should be in- war dugouts. This bright-faced boy has unearthed a relic which should become more and more a relic of the past eee troduced to some of these young pioneers and their national projects. We may as well begin at the top of the clean ribs of a new roof ready for its tiles; an the map with the Baltic States, selecting first Latvia inspiring sight to the boy who with the help of an as having made the earliest start in Junior work, and uncle not many years his senior had worked on the I will try to tell you frankly that which I have seen. house since the breaking of winter; now June was A boy with quiet gray eyes and a rim of fair hair drawing to a close. Yet the boy turned an almost OE MOREL Phe REC98 below his cap was fashioning a bench in the sunshine. wistful look toward what seemed to be a clutter of With strong hammer strokes he drove the four short lumber on a sand bank. A chimney projecting above stakes cut from a birch sapling into the holes bored it and a thread of smoke proclaimed it as a house, into a rough-hewn plank. Then he set the bench up- otherwise it might have passed as a sheepcote. right and drew a sigh of satisfaction as he looked it But the family soup pot was airing on the eaves and over. It was a firm, neat piece of work. Now he a meditative rooster turning the sheen of his green was ready to begin the table. Through the trees shone neck to the wind gravitated toward it over the bark and odd bricks which filled gaps in the hap-hazard roof. A sunken runway led down to the entrance and a tiny window level with the ground gave what light penetrated to the underground interior. Logs of girth buttressed the walls against the encroaching sand, for the house had first been a soldiers’ dugout and then the refuge of the family whose home, lying in the track of battle, had been shattered by shells. A woman in a white handkerchief came up the runway followed by a little boy of three, whose head shone like a brass knob as the sun struck it. Together they approached a shed where a tethered goat looked out. More necessary than house or clothes had been the acquiring of a horse and some sehen live stock for these meant food supply and the cultivation of the farm. It had taken years to accomplish their purchase. Love and a determination to make the best of things had transformed the dugout into an almost cosy shelter. A stove built of stones plastered with mud and having a substantial chimney divided the interior into two sections. In This Latvian windmill has been grinding grain for 300 years one was the boy’s bed like the berth of a ship and [20] Scenes at Latvian Junior Red Cross Headquarters in Riga, taken at the time of the arrival of American Junior Christmas boxes

in the other for three years had slept the father, Latvian Parliament is paying an expert cutter. | eee mother, and three younger children. As soon as the cut garments were ready for distribu- But the very effort for warmth had drawn the melt- tion there was a rush of applicants from Junior groups ing snow into the enclosure with much dampness. eager to begin. The father, weakened by overwork and anxiety, had I will tell you of just one group determined to do its died in the spring, and the responsibility and courage part in spite of handicaps. PPA LE LIM LEA PE pe of manhood had passed to the boy. His task was not In a beautiful forest of linden and oak where the only to rebuild the house but to make every article of nightingales sing even by day, there is a Red Cross furniture which should go into it. For everything had Sanatorium for crippled children. The space around been lost in the general destruction. The beds in the it is cleared so that sunshine penetrates everywhere. dugout were plank boxes filled with sacks of straw, The Hospital stands on a height above a winding river. the coverings, army blankets left by retreating soldiers. On the opposite bank is a ruined castle built by Ivan Only a few family treasures, ancient pictures of saints the Terrible of Russia who lived in the days when ee in Russian enamel on brass, gave a touch of richness Queen Elizabeth sat on the throne of England and Sir to the twilight cave; and against the one window pane Walter ‘Raleigh was pioneering in America. In these flickered the thin green of birch boughs, for the room surroundings crippled Latvian children are gradually had been decorated for the festival of Whitsuntide. growing strong and straight. Some of the girls have This family, which is only one of many thousands asked for Junior sewing and they will work each day in Latvia in similar plight, is unusually fortunate. for as long a time as the physician permits. Their EEE BP OORT ER Their farm is productive, they have timber for build- fingers are always busy. One little girl banked in ing, above all there is the boy himself with a man’s pillows was making a rafia basket. Her materials

arate courage and intelligence, and moreover the two middle were in the Christmas box which she had received re children are earning something as shepherds during from an American Junior. Picking it up, I read— the summer months. So the new house represents the Public School 96, 1832 Ave. A, New York. joint effort and sacrifice of all. Little by little the The first issue of the Latvian Junior Magazine had barns will be rebuilt and farm implements bought. just been distributed and boys and girls were eagerly The boy is a Latvian Junior, one of the outside scanning it. That, too, had been made possible by the group known as the Apprentices. His story is that National Children’s Fund of American Juniors. Anna which covers half of Latvia’s farm lands. So it is not Kerstein, propped on her elbows, for she cannot lie strange that during this period of struggle the Latvian on her back, was deep in it. She had just finished a Juniors have taken as their set of figures, cleverly main project the helping of drawn and’ painted, illus- children in the devastated trating a favorite Latvian area. Sometimes it is in novel. They were cut out the form of school lunches, and set on standards in sometimes in making win- order that they might be ter garments. This last put through their parts in enterprise is so popular the story. Now Anna, too, that it is becoming a na- will be busy with the win- tional project. Woolen ter garments, brown dresses weer stuffs for both boys’ and for the girls, gray suits for girls’ clothes have been the boys. bought by the Latvian Another Latvian project Red Cross and also with in which the American money sent by the Ameri- Juniors have a happy part can Juniors. That there is the furnishing of a play- may be no waste of the room in the Orphan Home precious material the Fleet-footed Latvian girls at a school track meet at Asari, not far from Riga. [21] 7a i fj vis A we Dh 4 Ne As Fann)

Many objects that spell joy to children are shown in this original woodcut by Elly Stoi, aged 13 1-2 years THE CIZEK ART CLASS IN VIENNA ROFESSOR CIZEK is News, created by a fourteen- Pe: art master of the Ju- By Mary W right year-old pupil of this class). venile Art Class in Vienna. Member American Junior Red Cross, Hingham, Mass. In a lecture to the teachers He has from fifty to sixty chil- of Dobling, Professor Cizek dren, who are not selected, but told about the difficulties he had in heginning in class, are taken in the order of their for all the teaching force went against him, believing application. Most of them are that it was impossible to teach without a ruling hand. under sixteen years of age, al- After he had carried on his work successfully for though there are a few older twenty years, the teachers thought it would he worth pupils who remain longer because while to give up one day in listening to him. He told they seem to benefit especially by them that the heritage of the child was very important this kind of vork. His class, and that if anyone wished to make a radical change in Woodcut by Sigrid which is not compulsory, is held the child, it would be necessary to change his ancestors, Vetter, aged I] for three hours on Saturday and too. He sad that the education of the child begins for two hours on Sunday. His method of instructing with the parents. There are three types of parents, is not to teach, but to en- those who fuss over their courage the children, for ch:ldren to such an ex- he believes that the chil- tent that the children are dren have laws of their forced to walk in their own and that the grown- parents’ own footsteps, ups should not interfere. those who utterly neglect He doesn’t like them to their children, and the copy the Greeks or Ital- ideal parents who watch ians, but to draw some- their children from a dis- thing new, making it up tance and who are always just as they feel it. He ready with help and en- does not expect the chil- couragement. He also dren to continue with art said that the influence of in after life, only think- environment might be ing of art as entering into very harmful to art. One all corners of life, as must not force a certain William Morris and style upon a child, for he Ruskin believed (see the is like a flower and must grow from his own roots. cover subject of this The asphalt workers, Woodcut by Friedrich Dorfler, 14 [22 The child of in a bas-relief today sees pic- of Ancient tures and is Egypt. How taken to thea- characterized ters and is they are and therefore very what rhythm much influ- there is in spite enced. NY} of their stiff- Professor WW. ness!” Later, Cizek stated nes Gertrude be- that he prefers came very skill- a poor child to ful in art. a rich one, be- An _illustra- cause the child tion of the third is not so ex- group is a child perienced, less whose father is spoiled, and has a Librarian. more attack. She has lived

The Professor Bella Vichon, aged 13, made this woodcut. Most of her subjects are of the outdoors among pictures loves the age so long that her from one to seven, for that is the time when the art is drawing has become much affected, although her tech- the purest. The child draws a lot and tries to express nical skill is good. . that which is in him. From seven to fourteen he draws The South Kensington Museum in England has from sheer delight. But when he is over fourteen he asked for a collection of woodcuts from Professor often becomes so critical of his own work that he is Cizek’s class. This step is the first taken in this direc- completely paralyzed and is unable to continue with tion, and the collection will be valuable. his creative work. When a new child comes to Professor Cizek’s class, There are three types of children. ‘Those who have he is taken into the storeroom, where he may choose been affected by outside influences, those who have the different materials he desires. In this room there been, but have strength enough to express what is in are paints, brushes, chalks, canvasses, wood for carving them, and those who have been influenced to such an and sawing, clay for modeling, and colored papers to extent that they can not bring out their own personality. cut out. Once a fortnight the Professor gives the class Bella Vichon, who is one of Professor Cizek’s most a subject to draw and determines the medium. After promising pupils, is an example of the first type. She they have sketched for about one hour and a half, the has a strong love of nature and is able to make nature drawings are suspended around the walls, the class sketches from memory. She is now studying art in gathers in a circle on the floor, and each drawing is Sweden, and at first she discussed. Professor had trouble in making her Cizek points out any excel- professor allow her to go lence in color or design in her own way, but finally drawing. she succeeded. For ten During the war, the state years she has kept an illus- LT) La ee was forced to stop all sub- q* trated diary, which is a AL ventions granted to the “9 very valuable record, a Us class. The Cizek class was « thing which Professor col - compelled to break up, un- Cizek encouraged his pu- - - til the English Quakers = § pils to do. = came to his aid. The ae Gertrude Brauswettes is - | American Junior Red pa b an example of the second Ps Cross happened to run a Ks — group. When an rt a across the class, which was master saw her first pic- = = then held in an old barn. Ps 7 ture, he told the professor They sent Professor Cizek that he wouldn’t be able to aD a subvention, which he re- do anything with her. ceived one day before Professor Cizek answered: Christmas, and this sub- “But look at the strength vention was the only of these figures, they are means by which he could as monumental as figures carry on his art class. [23] NINE TEGN. COUNTRIES NOW HAVE

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Argentina Great Britain ; dren’s Fund, They have given a relatively large im- f petus to the Junior Red Cross movement everywhere, and have aided directly in promoting greater under- | JUNIOR RED CROSS standing, good will, peace, and happiness among the children of the whole world. | “~i-

a ev veoveed UUM UUUUEERTNEUGUEAOUOOOUOUUUUUULUEAUAAANUU4UUUUUOREEEGAENEAAOUOOUURUGEEUTUEAAUONQUOU UAL ein one of these boxes last year, Lizzie Bill John, an Hawaiian girl of 12, living in Kipahulu, Island of Maui, God made all His creatures free: says: “Dear Junior Red Cross of New Orleans: We Life itself is liberty; thank you for your Christmas box. We love the black God ordained no other bands mammy and the dolls and toys. The boys are trying a Than united hearts and hands. to make some like them, with their knives. We don’t —James Montgomery know how to say thank you enough, but we all love

> HIS magazine tells in an almost continuous story, you for your goodness to us.’ from first page to last, how the resources of the American Junior Red Cross, and especially the Interestof Indians The eagerness with which In- National Children’s Fund, are used in behalf of children dian boys and girls take up in foreign lands and in the United States. The reader, InJunior Program Junior Red Cross projects is be he Junior or school teacher described by a teacher at Camp Putting Juniors’ or outside friend, can judge Verde Indian School, Camp Verde, Arizona, as follows: “Each year for the past three or four years, the for himself whether it is all one Indian Office has required the children in Indian schools M y to Work worth while. A full review of the projects, involving both education and relief, in to work out some project or write essays on some topic a dozen different countries, is given in the first article peculiar to their needs. But in none of these have the of the magazine. ‘Then comes an article on what Amer- children who have come under my observation taken so ican Juniors are doing for the youthful Letts in the new much interest as in the Junior Red Cross work. The republic of Latvia; then the Cizek Art Class in Vienna, children here love it—every phase of it that we have a most encouraging activity among a recently dispirited taken up. people, is presented by child contributors in story and “Our first work was the making of a joke and story pictures; next comes a display of the covers of Junior book, which was sent to the Walter Reed Hospital, Red Cross magazines published in eighteen countries Washington, D. C. We used a part of one day each (the United States makes nineteen!), a record of week and the children never lost interest from the be- growth in six years that is astonishing even to veteran ginning to the completion. Red Cross field workers. Most of the European maga- “We keep the Red Cross buttons at the schoolhouse, zines have been helped by the National Children’s Fund. distributing them at the beginning of the day and col- On the page opposite to this is reproduced a small lecting them at its close. If I forget them the children snapshot photograph of fourteen boys and girls who remind me of them. They have even come to me on make up the total enrollment of a little private school in Sunday to go and unlock the schoolhouse and let them Maryland. These children sent $12 to National Head- have their buttons to wear to Sunday School. Quite quarters of the Red Cross for the National Children’s often I hear them repeat the motto, ‘I Serve.’ ” Fund last year. This little band of fourteen, in other . . . words, has had something to do with the success of the If you would have your words carry weight—weigh entire range of helpful activities of the National Chil- them.—Anonymous Proverb. [26] ON sen tnt bn AMERICAN JUNIORS IN ACTION

HE Junior Contrary to Red Cross popular belief, is the au- baseball, hockey, thorized agent trading tars, for collecting all emulating Doug- the contributions las Fairbanks, taken up in the and dreams of schools of Port great adventure Arthur, Texas. are not the only This action was thoughts of real taken recently by American boys the Board of today. Boys in Education of the Franklin Port Arthur and Junior High its purpose, ac- School of South cording to the Norwalk, Con- Superintendent necticut, organ- of Schools, was, ized a Junior first, to protect These 1 4 Juniors gave $12 to the National Children’s Fund last school Red Cross Club. the schools from year, and helped to make children happy.the world over. They repre- The results sent the enrollment of Miss Ayres’ School, in Carroll County, Maryland unauthorized speak for them- collections, and, second, to give proper recognition to selves. Much fun was found in having a real club with the Red Cross. officers and committees to plan undertakings of service. The Juniors of Port Arthur have been a very active After becoming properly enrolled as an Auxiliary of group for some time. ‘They have translated food the Junior Red Cross attention was focused on Christ- formulas into Spanish for the Mexican families which mas activities. Fifty Christmas cards were made, two are being served through the Health Center, and have boxes overflowing with goodies were sent to a day prepared portfolios to be sent to various schools, two nursery, and twenty-five Christmas cartons were packed. of which went to Hawaii and one to Poland. At one Not contented with their laurels thus gained, valentines of the Port Arthur schools the first Tuesday of every were made for hospitalized disabled ex-service men to month is Red Cross Day. On that day the children accompany a box of dainties sent at the time. Easter bring any contributions of food and clothing which they called for the remembrance of needy ex-soldiers and want to make for the Port Arthur Chapter to distribute those in the home of the aged, with cards of greeting, to worthy, needy school children. The Juniors also and attention was devoted to international school cor- have ordered as many as 45 copies of the American respondence. Then to show that they were Juniors Juntor Rep Cross News for a single school and are tried and true, they became prominent participants in a not only up to the minute on Junior news, but eager pageant at the Junior High School, where they sang to take their part in all forms of Junior inter-school the Junior World Song. activity. In Nampa, Idaho, schools, JuNror Rep Cross NEws Third-grade Juniors of Grove School, Oswego, IIli- is used as a supplementary reader, according to the nois, under the leadership of two tiny girls, made a statement of the Red Cross Executive Secretary. beautiful comforter, which was sent to Central Division Teachers report that most of the children read the en- Headquarters of the Red Cross in Chicago to be given tire magazine each month, and in the school room it wherever it would be most needed. In addition, this supplies data for opening exercises and discussions. school also sent a portfolio, for a foreign country, Articles which can be correlated with other subjects, several scrap books, and a number of joke cards for such as geography and hygiene, are used. disabled ex-service men. One-hundred-percent membership in the Junior Red The Stony Hill School, Shawano, Wisconsin, through Cross is the joy of Santa Monica, California schools, its Junior Red Cross organization, has made an in- and the report of the work during the past year shows structive portfolio containing a collection of maps of that the ways in which the students earned their indi- the school district, the county, state, and nation, a school vidual memberships are varied and interesting. statistical survey, photographs, samples of needle work, Some were earned through the contribution of money and other hand work. This fine collection has been toward the service fund or JuNior Rep Cross NEws; sent to a school in Belgium. but by far the largest number were secured through [27] ) pears, and bananas 2 boxes of oranges, and 100 pounds of walnuts. These were all distributed at Thanksgiving time. With money from the Service Fund, the Juniors purchased three outdoor hammocks, also a cedarwood settee and outdoor lounging chairs. These were placed on the porches of the Hospital at Sawtelle, for the use of the patients. In addition, the boys of the Manual Training Department of the High School made 12 taborets, which were sent to this hospital for use by patients occupying the sunroom. The Soldiers’ Home at Sawtelle is near by and the Juniors in Santa Monica have “adopted” the boys there, keeping in intimate touch with them through personal reminders of human fellowship.

A county Junior Red Cross rally, in which the children, not the teachers, gave the reports of work done in the respective schools, was held at Helena, Arkansas, recently. The children gave their reports with much enthusiasm and showed that they were deeply interested in their work. The rally was held in the Court House Square and there were 150 children and 30 adults in at- tendance. The address of welcome was made by a Red Cross Executive Committee member of the Phil- lips County Chapter and the children did all the rest. One rural school reported the making of candy for sale and buying glasses for a little girl in their community with the proceeds. The boys gave reports of successful rat campaigns, and children from Marvell, Arkansas, told of a health play which they gave. The majority of children came from the first, second, third, and fourth Children’s Book Week is November 9-15, 1924. Its great purpose is to grades of schools in Phillips County, although arouse interest in wholesome reading for girls and boys. A greater per- ceniage of books on outdoor subjects and nature study furnish this than some were more advanced. After the reports the any other kind. The President of the United States has invited all Junior Chairman of the Chapter outlined the plans Americans to become more interested in the ‘‘Great Out-of-doors’’ to be carried out next school year and also sug- personal service in connection with the Christmas and gested work to be done during the summer. Thanksgiving packages sent by the Juniors to the Sol- Plays dealing with cleanliness and wholesome living diers’ Home in Sawtelle and the General Hospital. were part of the program and Junior songs, recitations, Fruits, nuts, and raisins were donated by the children. and other interesting features made up the day. The Art Department made individual Thanksgiving and Twenty-one schools in the county sent delegates. Christmas cards to go with the parcels, while the Pen- manship Department wrote the individual names of the soldiers and a verse of greeting on each. Other stu- The first grade Juniors of the school at Seligman, dents made and decorated candy boxes and helped to Arizona, a branch of Yavapai County Red Cross Chap- pack the bags and boxes. Home-made candy was made ter, earned their Junior Red Cross membership by and donated by the High School Department. faithfully observing the following drill every morning An idea of the extent of the activities of Junior Red before school for six weeks: Cross in Santa Monica is gained when the following Wash the face and hands, wash the neck and ears, are visualized: 312 individual four-pound baskets of brush the hair, brush the teeth, and clean the nails. fruit, nuts, and raisins—the baskets lined with bright This made such an impression upon the children that colored paper and tied with bright cord, accompanied the habit started in the school is now followed at home, by individual cards; 385 half-pound boxes of home- with the result that bright, shining faces greet the made candy, and about 1,000 pounds of fruit—apples, teacher at the start of the school day. [28] FOOD POSTER BY AN INDIAN BOY

N Indian schools enrolled in the Junior Red Cross a prize-poster contest, on the subject of food selection, was conducted during the past school year. The poster adjudged the best was to be reproduced in Junior Rep Cross News. The posters were carefully studied by a committee at Na- tional Headquarters of the Red Cross in Wash- ington, with the result that the blue ribbon, or first prize, was awarded to Clarence Tolaska- loema, a third-grade pupil in the Hotevilla Bacabi Day Clarence Tolaskaloema School, Hotevilla, Arizona. Clarence Tolaskaloema has rendered a service within a service. In the first instance, his idea, “Eat more fruit and vegetables,” is a sound one. 3ut he has done more than supply this idea, for he has pictured a type of Hopi Indian, one of “The Peaceful People,” holding in his arms a great earthen bowl, which represents one of the noted industries of the Hopis—crock- vegetables, a loaf of bread, an egg, and a dish of fruit. ery-making—and has ornamented the bow] with certain All three posters were exhibited at Red Cross Head- historic symbols, which are full of meaning to the quarters during the convention of the National Educa- Indians. The bowl is heaped high with the “fruit and tion Association in the summer of 1924. vegetables,” of which his legend says more should be eaten. Clarence’s poster is reproduced on this page. The Junior Calendar Picture for October The second prize, symbolized by a red ribbon, was The Igorrotes of the mountains of Luzon, Philippine awarded to Byrd Wade, a Cherokee Indian boy in Islands, display virtues which are desirable in all. Chilocco, Oklahoma, for a subject showing simply a Honesty and perseverance are characteristics, and they basket of fruit, but every piece of are eager to take advantage of every fruit— bananas, peaches, apples, educational opportunity. The Junior plums, and a bunch of grapes—as Red Cross staff artist portrays in the well as the basket itself, is cut out Calendar Picture for October, 1924, a of heavy paper and so colored and group of Igorrote girls carrying supplies up a mountain trail. pasted on a gray background that A Junior Red Cross field worker, each article stands out as in bas-relief. relating her experiences among the Byrd has written this on his poster: igorrotes, told of having two large “Ripe, raw fruit every day keeps the bundles, each a burden for one man, doctor away.” and only one Igorrote runner or car- The white ribbon, or third prize, rier to carry them. The Igorrote ex- plained that he would leave one was awarded to Andy Smith, also of bundle on the trail, carry the other, Chilocco, for a subject called “On and later return for the first bundle. the Road to Health.” It shows an The Junior representative expressed Indian riding along a road which is fear that something might happen to bordered on one side with billboards, the bundle left on the trail, but the Igorrote protested that it certainly on which appear in consecutive order a Igorrote girls carrying sup- would not be stolen, “because me bowl of cereal, a bottle of milk, some plies up mountain trails Igorrote—everybody Igorrote.” [29] ‘HILDA CONKLING’S POEMS 4 ILDA CONKLING, of Northampton, Massachusetts, who is now fourteen years of age, has been “telling” poems to her mother, who is Assistant Professor of English at Smith College, ever since she was five years old. When she was nine, a volume of her poems, containing 107 separate pieces, was published by Frederick A. Stokes Company, New York, under the title “Poems by a Little Girl.” A remarkable tribute to the wee poetess is given in a preface by Miss Amy Lowell. “T wish to state emphatically that it is poetry, the stuff and essence of poetry, which this book contains,” says Miss Lowell. “I know of no other instance in which such really beautiful poetry has been written by a child.” Hilda began telling these poems to her mother when she was between five and six years old, and her mother scribbled them down to keep for her. They were spontaneous, rhythmic comments of an imaginative little girl about everything she saw and heard, with much of the outdoors in them. The Red Cross was made the subject of one of Hilda’s told poems when she was between six and seven years old. Here it is:

RED CROSS SONG When I heard the bees humming in What can I give to help the Red the hive, Cross? They were so busy about their honey, You can give honey, too! I said to my Mother, Honey of smiles! Hilda Conkling today What can I give, Honey of love!

Juco-Stavia.—The What Your National Fund Will Do this Year expense. This is what reform most desired the American Juniors by modern educators (Concluded from page 19) will give. The school of Jugo-Slavia is the introduction of manual training, will be conducted in quarters provided by the Esthonian with the emphasis it gives to the dignity of work. With Red Cross. the assistance of American Juniors, four workshops for LatviA.—American Juniors will help Latvian Juniors children have been equipped, two others have been given to establish school some help, and six more are about to be established. lunches among the Manual training teachers are being trained by the Jugo- rural population of Slav educational authorities, with the help of the Jugo- the devastated areas Slav Junior Red Cross. American Juniors will this and will provide ma- year promote this work still further. terials with which Assistance will also be given for the promotion of Latvian Juniors in “Little Mothers” classes and gardening activities. the more prosperous PoLaNp.—The main projects in Poland for the com- sections can make Summer camp conducted ing year will be the establishment of a library and a play clothing for the chil- by Bulgarian Juniors shelter in Vilno, and the promotion of gardening activi- dren in the devas- ties, especially the cultivation of medicinal herbs. The tated areas. See Miss Upjohn’s article on page 20. latter has become a nation-wide activity of Polish LirHUANIA.—It has not yet been determined just Junior groups. what form the American Juniors’ assistance will take in RuMANiA.—The share of the National Children’s this third of the new Baltic republics, beyond helping to Fund that goes to this country will be for the pro- establish the Lithuanian Junior Red Cross magazine. But motion of adequate health supervision in a_ school Lithuania, like the other Baltic states, is in need of help. in the workmen’s quarter of Bucharest, the Capital. Greece.—American Juniors have not heretofore had It will include physical examination by physicians, opportunity to assist in Greece through their National and work in the homes by a nurse. Children’s Fund. The Greek Red Cross has now re- EsTHONIA.—A quested assistance in establishing a sea-shore colony for “Junior Handwork 800 undernourished children inclined toward serious ill- School” will be es- ness. So the “Phaleron Summer Colony” will be estab- tablished at Reval. lished, supported jointly by the American Junior Red The Esthonian De- Cross, the Greek Department of Hygiene, the Greek Red partment of Educa- Cross, and private subscribers among the Greek citizens. tion guarantees its The contribution of $600 by American Juniors will be support if some help used for permanent equipment, and this year the colony Hungarian Juniors at creative work is given in the initial will be called “The American Junior Red Cross Camp.” [30] Schubert lived in Vienna during the LIFE IN OLD VIENNA days of the Con- gress of Vienna, which ended the Eprror’s Nore: Through the School Correspondence Office of the Amer- Napoleonic wars. ican Junior Red Cross, the Girls’ Public School (Mzedchenbuergerschule), One of the great Stumpergasse 56, in the Sixth District of Vienna, Austria, has sent an ex- painters of that day ceptionally fine portfolio of letters and pictures—some photographs, some was Moritz von original drawings like those shown on this page—to Siding Two School, Schwind, Schu- Crandon, Wisconsin. American JuNior Rep Cross News is herewith help- bert’s best friend, ing the American school to share a bit of this interesting portfolio with who created bright other schools, The following is extracted from the introductory letter : fairy pictures. Vienna may siill EAR AMERICANS: We want to tell you be called an artist’s town, write Juniors i about our beautiful city of Vienna. Yes, Vienna is right to be proud of its past! Do you know what these old streets and places have seen in the course of the years? It must have been interesting during Congress-time! (The Congress of Vienna, 1814-15.) The aristocracy, artists, and merchants FRANZ SSHUBERT had come to take in the congress. There were so many strangers that a great need of hotels occurred. Small rooms were let at high prices. Festivities, court-balls, theatre-evenings, and many parties took place and the real aim of the meeting was nearly for- gotten: Surely you have heard of the great Napoleon, the conqueror of nearly the whole of Europe; he was the subject of the council. It was now necessary to deliberate how to overthrow him from his too mighty heard a serious play by Grillpzrzer. It is just the position. same today. Both authors are still beloved. After this came a time called “Biedermeier.”” The But also the greatest composers of earnest music furniture made in this time was simple, nice, and lived in this time. Nearly all of them were inspired by practical. Up to today people like to have such fur- the sights in the Wienerwald and of the Danube. nitures and they are of great value. The ladies wore Schubert lived at that time. He composed numerous a tight-fitting bodice, cut in point, and crinolines. songs, sonatas, symphonies also. He was the son of Their hats were big and had a ribbon going under the a primary school teacher and was born on 31, Jan- chin to hold it. Gentlemen uary 1797. The small wore yellow or blue frocks ; house of his birth is now on the head they had top- in the IX district, Nussdor- hats. The inhabitants of ferstrasse 54. The com- Vienna needed rest after munity of Vienna has all the trouble and noise of bought it. Already as a the congress-years. The boy he showed talent and weeks work went on his father gave him a mu- quietly but on Sunday each sical education. In 1813 one wanted to amuse him- he too became a teacher. self. With an old fash- Later on he resigned his ioned car called Zeiserl- position. wagen they travelled to Beethoven was not born places where Strauss and in Vienna but in Bonn Lanner played. But whose on the Rhine, but he spent purse was empty went on all his life from his earliest foot. How people flooded childhood in our town. He to hear waltzes played by left us nine symphonies. Strauss or Lanner, their Haydn, who, as well as Mo- favourite musicians. If zart, lived before the Con- they wanted to laugh they gress, came also to Vienna. went into the Burg-theater His home, a small house to a play by Raimund and where he also died, lies heard such great artists as quite near our school. Many Therese Krones and Schols school children pass by it **Der liebe Augustin’’ helps to make this playing comedies or they school correspondence portfolio entrancing each day. [31] Ameri ican Junior Red Cross

Enrolling for Service

T was the leadership and example of American Jun- are keeping burning. The same thing is true of all iors that made the Junior Red Cross a world-wide the other countries which your National Children’s movement: for it was the American Junior Red Fund is reaching. Cross that first undertook a foreign program, extending Each one of the 100.000 Christmas boxes that Ameri- its service beyond the boundaries of its own country in can Juniors are sending abroad this year will start at behalf of the children of countries devastated by the least one light burning in the hearts of the group of chil- World War. The inspiration thus brought by Ameri- dren which it reaches. It will require $10,000 out of the can Juniors made these other countries want to have National Children’s Fund to send these Christmas boxes their own Junior organizations; so that the spirit of to their destinations. This is at the rate of 10 cents Junior Red Cross spread from country to country, until for each box. Suppose we say, then, that, roughly now the children of thirty nations have their Junior Red speaking, 10 cents given to the National Children’s Fund Cross societies. This is what our Junior poster for this will kindle a light, or “light a candle,” in some spot that year means, needs illumination. This privilege of leadership was made possible to According to this calculation, enough money has been American Juniors by their National Children’s Fund, pledged from the National Children’s Fund this year which every year since the war has carried health and ($68,500) to kindle 685,000 lights. Of this total happiness and the spirit of service and good will to amount, $10,000, or 100,000 dimes, will be used to send thousands of children in the troubled countries of the abroad the 100,000 Christmas boxes ( 100,000 “lights”’) ; world. The money given to the National Children’s 450,000 dimes to carry on the service projects in Europe Fund by American Junior groups has been likened to briefly outlined in the article beginning on page 18 the spark applied to innumerable candles, spreading (450,000 “lights” ) ; 100,000 dimes for service in our illumination in ever-widening circles. (See the NEws own insular territories, and for unexpected emergencies, for April, 1924, in which this idea is developed and such as the Japanese earthquake last year (100,000 illustrated. ) “lights” ) ; and 35,000 dimes for service among our own A candle was lighted to illuminate the dug-out home Americar Indian children, and in isolated communities of the Latvian boy described by Miss Upjohn on page of our own country (35,000 “lights”). 20 of this number of the News. There are hundreds of Recently one little group of American Juniors sent other homes in Latvia that need to be illuminated in the in $5 for the National Children’s Fund. It, therefore, same way. A candle was lighted in each of the Latvian made possible the lighting of fifty lights. Other schoolhouses by the school lunches, which Miss Upjohn groups—each, of course, according to its desire and also describes, and which were made possible by ability—gave enough to light a hundred candles, a Junior effort. Thus Latvia is being dotted over, thousand, or even ten thousand. Surely every Junior here and there, with these lights, which have been group will want to have some part in this world illumi- kindled by American Juniors with their National Chil- nation. How many “lights” or “candles” will your dren’s Fund, but which Latvian Juniors themselves Junior group be responsible for? [32]