Le Conte Du Liban Et Sa Transmission En Contexte Générique Et Socio-Historique Nathalie Zoghaib

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Le Conte Du Liban Et Sa Transmission En Contexte Générique Et Socio-Historique Nathalie Zoghaib Le conte du Liban et sa transmission en contexte générique et socio-historique Nathalie Zoghaib To cite this version: Nathalie Zoghaib. Le conte du Liban et sa transmission en contexte générique et socio-historique. Littératures. Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. Français. NNT : 2013BOR30019. tel-01062181 HAL Id: tel-01062181 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062181 Submitted on 9 Sep 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3 École Doctorale Montaigne Humanités (ED 480) THÈSE DE DOCTORAT EN LITTÉRATURE COMPARÉE Le conte du Liban et sa transmission en contexte générique et socio-historique Volume 1 Nathalie ZOGHAIB Sous la direction de M. Le P. Didier COSTE et Mme La P. Katia ZAKHARIA (Lyon 2) Membres du jury Coste Didier, Professeur, Bordeaux 3. Dubost Jean-Pierre, Professeur, Université Blaise Pascal. Guillaume Jean-Patrick, Professeur, Paris 3. Zakharia Katia, Professeur, Lyon 2. - 2 - Remerciements Je voudrais d’abord remercier mes directeurs de thèse, M. le Professeur Didier Coste et Mme. la Professeure Katia Zakharia pour avoir accepté de diriger cette thèse ainsi que pour leurs précieux conseils sans lesquels ce travail n’aurait pu aboutir. Je remercie également M.le Professeur Jean-Patrick Guillaume et M. le Professeur Jean-Claude Dubost pour avoir accepté de faire partie du jury. Mes remerciements vont ensuite aux conteuses et conteurs dont les contes, traduits et publiés en annexe, ont constitué le corpus de la thèse. Je n’oublie pas toutes les personnes, mon père en particulier, qui m’ont accompagnée lors de ces belles rencontres et qui ont contribué à faciliter ma tâche. Je remercie Mme Clotilde de Fouchécour pour l’intérêt particulier qu’elle a porté à ce travail. Enfin, je remercie mes parents et mes proches pour leur soutien constant sans lequel j’aurais eu du mal à aller jusqu’au bout de cette thèse. - 3 - - 4 - Alphabet arabe et translittération Arabe translittération Notes ʾ Occlusive glottale ﺀ Ā/ā Voyelle longue, produite ā ou é en libanais, selon le contexte phonétique ا É/é B/b ب T/t ت Prononcée comme le th anglais (thing), cette consonne est parfois produite t en libanais, Ṯ/ṯ ث selon les régions et/ou le registre de langue utilisé Ğ/ǧ ج Ḥ/ḥ Aspirante laryngale sourde ح Ḫ/ḫ Equivalent de la jota espagnole خ D/d د Prononcée comme le th anglais (The), cette consonne est généralement produite z ou d en Ḏ/ḏ ذ libanais, selon le contexte phonétique R/r Roulé ر Z/z ز S/s س Š/š Se prononce comme le CH français ش Ṣ/ṣ S emphatique ص Ḍ/ḍ D emphatique ض Ṭ/ṭ T emphatique ط (Ẓ/ẓ Z emphatique (cette consonne est généralement produite ḍ en libanais ظ ʿ pharyngale fricative sonore ع Ġ/ġ R français غ F/f ف K emphatique , généralement produite ’ en libanais (sauf dans la communauté druze qui la Q/q ق réalise telle quelle) K/k ك L/l ل M/m م N/n ن (H/h Glottale fricative sonore (comparable au h dans « his » en anglais ه Ū/ū W/w Voyelle longue و O/o/Ô/ô - 5 - Ī/ī É/é/Ê/ê Voyelle longue ي Y/y Nous avons suivi pour la translittération le code dit Arabica en y ajoutant les spécificités du dialecte libanais. Dans la deuxième colonne, les lettres translittérées selon le code Arabica sont en caractères standard ; les lettres en caractères gras renvoient à des sons typoques de certains dialectes, dont le libanais. Il s’agit des voyelles o, ô, é, ê qui n’existent pas dans l’alphabet de l’arabe littéraire. En ce qui concerne la consonne « t » (tā’ marb ūṭa), toujours en fin de mot, elle est surtout la marque du féminin. Dans le dialecte libanais, elle n’est prononcée que lorsqu’elle constitue le premier terme d’une annexion (par exemple, ḥkeyit bent , l’histoire d’une fille), elle est sinon remplacée par « a » (exemple : arb‘a , quatre) ou « é » (exemple : ḥkéyé , histoire). - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - Table des matières Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 11 Première partie ........................................................................................................................ 21 I. La collecte ........................................................................................................................ 26 I.1. Disparition d’une tradition ............................................................................................... 28 I.1.1. Hypothèses .................................................................................................................................... 31 I.2. Méthodologie ...................................................................................................................... 33 I.2.1. L’objet d’étude : ............................................................................................................................ 34 I.2.2. Le matériel .................................................................................................................................... 38 I.2.3. Les accompagnateurs .................................................................................................................... 42 I.2.4. Les rencontres ............................................................................................................................... 45 I.2.5. Le public ....................................................................................................................................... 47 I.2.6. La géographie ................................................................................................................................ 48 II. Portraits et paroles de conteurs ....................................................................................... 52 II.1. Définition ............................................................................................................................ 53 II.1.1. Le Ḥakaw ātī .................................................................................................................................. 53 II.1.2. Les nouveaux conteurs .................................................................................................................. 54 II.1.3. Le conteur traditionnel .................................................................................................................. 55 II.2. Conteurs et contage ............................................................................................................ 57 II.3. Conteurs actifs, conteurs passifs et conteurs occasionnels ............................................. 58 II.4. Mémoire, apprentissage et transmission .......................................................................... 60 II.4.1. Processus de mémorisation et techniques d’apprentissage ............................................................ 62 II.4.2. Moyens mnémotechniques ............................................................................................................ 64 II.5. Données et interprétation .................................................................................................. 66 III. Variabilité, performance et art de la glose ................................................................. 76 III.1. Aperçu historique ............................................................................................................... 76 III.1.1. Etudes sur la performance ........................................................................................................ 78 III.1.2. Variabilité et performance ........................................................................................................ 80 III.1.3. Les thématiques du conte ......................................................................................................... 82 III.2. Interventions du conteur ................................................................................................... 84 III.2.1. Actualisation contextuelle de l’énoncé : ................................................................................... 85 III.2.2. Commentaires méta-narratifs : ................................................................................................. 88 III.2.3. Interruption du contage et participation de l’auditoire ............................................................. 91 III.2.4. Art de la glose ........................................................................................................................... 94 III.2.5. La langue et le style .................................................................................................................. 98 III.2.6. Les formules ........................................................................................................................... 100 III.2.7. Variations paralinguistiques ................................................................................................... 106 IV. Les recueils de contes ................................................................................................ 121 IV.1. Translittération ...............................................................................................................
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  • Lebanon Fire Risk Bulletin
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  • Lebanon National Operations Room Daily Report on COVID-19 Monday, December 07, 2020 Report #264 Time Published: 07:00 PM
    Lebanon National Operations Room Daily Report on COVID-19 Monday, December 07, 2020 Report #264 Time Published: 07:00 PM Occupancy rate of COVID-19 Beds and Availability For daily information on all the details of the beds distribution availablity for Covid-19 patients among all governorates and according to hospitals, kindly check the dashboard link: Computer : https:/bit.ly/DRM-HospitalsOccupancy-PC Phone:https:/bit.ly/DRM-HospitalsOccupancy-Mobile All reports and related decisions can be found at: http://drm.pvm.gov.lb Or social media @DRM_Lebanon Distribution of Cases by Villages Beirut 64 Baabda 141 Maten 101 Chouf 49 Kesrwen 44 Tripoli 35 ain mraisseh 2 chiyah 12 borj hammoud 13 damour 1 jounieh 1 trablous ez zeitoun 2 ras beyrouth 1 ouzaai 1 sinn fil 2 saadiyat 1 jounieh sarba 1 trablous el qoubbeh 5 manara 1 bir hassan 5 jisr bacha 1 naameh 4 zouk mkayel 4 trablous et tabbaneh 8 msaitbeh 1 ghbayreh 8 jdaidet matn 5 haret en naameh 3 nahr el kalb 1 mina jardins 2 mar elias 2 ain roummaneh 6 baouchriyeh 1 chhim 5 jounieh ghadir 3 qalamoun 2 sanayeh 1 furn chebbak 3 daoura 1 ketermaya 3 zouk mosbeh 5 beddaoui 1 zarif 2 tahouitet nahr 1 raouda baouchriyeh 3 aanout 2 adonis 3 camp beddaoui 2 mazraa 3 haret hreik 28 sabtiyeh 3 sibline 4 jounieh haret sakhr 3 others 13 borj abou haidar 1 laylakeh 4 dekouaneh 10 barja 7 jounieh sahel aalma 1 koura 39 basta faouqa 6 borj brajneh 14 antelias 6 jadra 2 kfar yassine 1 amioun 2 tariq jdideh 3 mreijeh 2 jall dib 4 ouadi ez zayni 1 safra 1 kfar aaqqa 1 bachoura 1 tahouitat ghadir 3 zalqa 4 aaqabeh
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