DOCSLIB.ORG

Extraction of Detailed Level Flood Hazard Zones Using Multi-Temporal Historical Satellite Data-Sets – a Case Study of Kopili River Basin, Assam, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311670634 Extraction of detailed level flood hazard zones using multi-temporal historical satellite data-sets – a case study of Kopili River Basin, Assam, India Article in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk · December 2016 DOI: 10.1080/19475705.2016.1265014 CITATIONS READS 2 281 5 authors, including: Shivaprasadsharma Sv Parth Sarathi Roy National Remote Sensing Centre International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics 11 PUBLICATIONS 38 CITATIONS 492 PUBLICATIONS 4,695 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Chakravarthi Vishnubhotla Bhanumurthy Veerubhotla University of Hyderabad National Remote Sensing Centre 61 PUBLICATIONS 458 CITATIONS 44 PUBLICATIONS 215 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Spatial Modelling of land use dynamics and its impact on fluxes and Ecosystem services in Eastern Ghats, India in present and future climate scenario View project Book, Chapter or Editorial View project All content following this page was uploaded by Shivaprasadsharma Sv on 11 May 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk ISSN: 1947-5705 (Print) 1947-5713 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tgnh20 Extraction of detailed level flood hazard zones using multi-temporal historical satellite data-sets – a case study of Kopili River Basin, Assam, India Shivaprasad Sharma SV, Parth Sarathi Roy, Chakravarthi V, Srinivasarao G & Bhanumurthy V To cite this article: Shivaprasad Sharma SV, Parth Sarathi Roy, Chakravarthi V, Srinivasarao G & Bhanumurthy V (2017) Extraction of detailed level flood hazard zones using multi-temporal historical satellite data-sets – a case study of Kopili River Basin, Assam, India, Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 8:2, 792-802, DOI: 10.1080/19475705.2016.1265014 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2016.1265014 © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa Published online: 14 Dec 2016. UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Submit your article to this journal Article views: 521 View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 1 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tgnh20 GEOMATICS, NATURAL HAZARDS AND RISK, 2017 VOL. 8, NO. 2, 792–802 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2016.1265014 REVIEW ARTICLE Extraction of detailed level flood hazard zones using multi- temporal historical satellite data-sets – a case study of Kopili River Basin, Assam, India Shivaprasad Sharma SV a, Parth Sarathi Roy b, Chakravarthi Vb, Srinivasarao Ga and Bhanumurthy Va aRemote sensing Applications Area, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Balanagar, India; bUniversity Centre for Earth & Space Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, India ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Kopili River Basin is one of the chronic flood affected basins of Received 31 March 2016 Brahmaputra River, lies in north-eastern part of India. This study attempts Accepted 12 November 2016 fl to utilize the historical spatial data on ood inundation layers derived KEYWORDS from multi-temporal remote sensing images for identifying villages falling Flood hazard; severity; Kopili; in various flood hazard severity zones. A total of 183 flood events were remote sensing; India mapped in the basin in the last two decades. About 3.89 lakh hectares which is 29% of Kopili River Basin area is affected by floods during 1977, 1988 and 1998–2015. The flood hazard zonation frequency is determined treating each village as minimum unit of entity and based on the number of times affected by flood events in a given year. About 742 villages are categorized as very low to low and 396 villages fall in moderate flood hazard zone and more than 150 villages are categorized between high to very high flood hazard zones. Introduction Flood is one of the worst natural disasters affecting the socio-economic life of millions of people every year. More than one-third of the earth’s surface, inhabited by over 82% of the world’s popula- tion, was affected by floods during 1985–2003 (World Bank 2005). India’s high risk and vulnerabil- ity is due to its unique geographical setting, climate, topography and population. Floods have been causing huge losses to lives, properties, livelihood systems, infrastructure and public utilities (NDMA 2008). According to National Flood Commission, out of a total geographical area (TGA) of 329 million hectares about 40 million hectares is prone to floods. On an average, loss to life is about 1590 and loss in financial terms is 13,000 million. (Gopalakrishnan 2002) The most flood prone areas in India are Brahmaputra, Ganga and Meghana River Basins which carry about 60% of total Indian river flow. Brahmaputra valley is variably inundated by the floods of Brahmaputra River and its tributaries. The highly braided Brahmaputra River is both snowfed and rainfed river and has continuous flow throughout the year. The river experiences highest water levels and strongest flows in the summer monsoon season (Rakhecha 2000). The occurrences of fre- quent floods in the Brahmaputra valley are attributed to a host of interrelated factors of natural, hydro-meteorological and anthropogenic origin (V P Singh et al. 2004). More than 40% of its land surface is susceptible to flood damage, the total flood prone area in the Brahmaputra valley is about 3.2 million hectares (Goswami et al. 2001). High intensity rainfall along the foothills bordering the CONTACT Shivaprasad Sharma Sv [email protected] © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. GEOMATICS, NATURAL HAZARDS AND RISK 793 valley in a very short period of time and peaking of tributaries at the confluences eventually give rise to high flood levels of Brahmaputra. The flooding of tributaries also aggravates the overall flood situ- ation in the valley. The river receives innumerable tributaries flowing down the northern, north-eastern and south- ern hill ranges. Kopili River is one of the ten principal south bank tributaries of river Brahmaputra (Singh et al. 2004).The inadequate drainage carrying capacity of the tributaries compounded by evacuation of rain water and as well as spills of sub-tributaries further worsens the flood situation. These severe cases of riverine flooding caused by variety of reasons calls for a flood management/ flood controlling measures in the valley. The need for frequent monitoring and mapping of flood disasters requires a satellite based remote sensing approach. Satellite remote sensing has the capabil- ity to capture flood disaster footprints with reasonably higher accuracy. Earlier studies conducted in various parts of globe suggest the fact that satellite images are rich source of information which can capture flood disaster events for assessing the disaster impact and taking up flood mitigation activi- ties (Islam & Sado 2000; Sanyal & Lu 2006; Bhatt et al. 2013; Bhatt & Rao 2016). Satellite remote sensing systems from their vantage position have unambiguously demonstrated their capability in providing vital information and services for disaster management (Rao UR 1994). Flood hazard zonation (FHZ) mapping is a necessary and handy non-structural pre-requisite for prioritizing land use practices and planning better flood mitigation activities. It gives us the inven- tory of severity of events and their flood patterns to understand the geomorphological conditions of the basin. Conventionally hazard zonation mapping is envisaged using variety of information such as ground truth, soil characteristics, hydrological and hydraulic information coupled with flood depth information derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM). These parameters are very exhaustive and time-consuming and may not be readily available (Sinha et al. 2008). There are various techniques being used to derive FHZ. (Diakakis 2011) compiled a flood hazard map based on the peak flow rates derived from instantaneous unit hydrographs for two catchments in Greece across each basin. Rahman et al. 2007 have generated FHZ map for Bogra district of Bangladesh using Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) approach. The present paper is an attempt to generate a village-wise FHZ map by integrating the historic annual flood inundation layers captured from multi-temporal satellite data-sets taking village as a stratum. Environmental setting of the study area Kopili Basin has a total geographical area (TGA) of about 1,355,600 hectares. It is located between 91–93o E long. and 25–27oN lat. (Figure 1). Kopili River is one of the principal south bank tributar- ies 297 km in length contributing the flow into Brahmaputra River and it originates from the south- western slope of the Shillong Peak (Kusre et al. 2010). The elevation of the basin ranges from 74 to 1967 m (Kumar et al. 2014).The area of the basin lies between Assam and Meghalaya states and is mostly inundated by frequent floods due to high precipitation and rising water levels of Kopili River and accumulation of flow in its low lying areas. The basin has a moderate and sub-humid climate with the annual rainfall of the study area ranging from 980 to 1700 mm. The average annual runoff of the basin is 600 mm approximately, more than 80% of the runoff occurs in monsoon season. The area receives its maximum rainfall during the months of June to September. Varied climatic zones are experienced owing to the study area’s differential topography. Flood problem in Kopili River Basin Kopili River Basin has a long history of flooding and it is one of the ten principal south tributaries of Brahmaputra River. The catchment is well drained by several smaller sub-tributaries like Kolong, Jamuna, Diju, Misa, Haria and Digaru.
Recommended publications
  • Annual Report on Traffic National Waterways: Fy 2020-21

    Annual Report on Traffic National Waterways: Fy 2020-21

    ANNUAL REPORT ON TRAFFIC NATIONAL WATERWAYS: FY 2020-21 INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA MINISTRY OF PORTS, SHIPPING & WATERWAYS A-13, SECTOR-1, NOIDA- 201301 WWW.IWAI.NIC.IN Inland Waterways Authority of India Annual Report 1 MESSAGE FROM CHAIRPERSON’S DESK Inland Water Transport is (IWT) one of the important infrastructures of the country. Under the visionary leadership of Hon’ble Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, Inland Water Transport is gaining momentum and a number of initiatives have been taken to give an impetus to this sector. IWAI received tremendous support from Hon’ble Minister for Ports, Shipping & Waterways, Shri Mansukh Mandaviya, to augment its activities. The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) under Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways, came into existence on 27th October 1986 for development and regulation of inland waterways for shipping and navigation. The Authority primarily undertakes projects for development and maintenance of IWT infrastructure on National Waterways. To boost the use of Inland Water Transport in the country, Hon’ble Prime Minister have launched Jibondhara–Brahmaputra on 18th February, 2021 under which Ro-Ro service at various locations on NW-2 commenced, Foundation stone for IWT terminal at Jogighopa was laid and e-Portals (Car-D and PANI) for Ease-of-Doing-Business were launched. The Car-D and PANI portals are beneficial to stakeholders to have access to real time data of cargo movement on National Waterways and information on Least Available Depth (LAD) and other facilities available on Waterways. To promote the Inland Water Transport, IWAI has also signed 15 MoUs with various agencies during the launch of Maritime India Summit, 2021.
  • Extended-Range Probabilistic Forecasts of Ganges and Brahmaputra Floods in Bangladesh

    Extended-Range Probabilistic Forecasts of Ganges and Brahmaputra Floods in Bangladesh

    EXTENDED-RANGE PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS OF GANGES AND BRAHMAPUTRA FLOODS IN BANGLADESH BY PETER J. WEBSTER , JUN JIAN , THOMAS M. HO P SON , CARLOS D. HOYOS , PAULA A. AGU D ELO , HAI -RU CHANG , JU D ITH A. CURRY , ROBERT L. GROSSMAN , TIMOTHY N. PALMER , AN D A. R. SUBBIAH A new ensemble flood prediction scheme, with skill to 10 to 15 days, allowed people along the Brahmaputra to evacuate well in advance of floods in 2007/08. any of the largest rivers on the planet emanate from the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas (Fig. 1a), fed by glacial and snow M melting and monsoon rainfall. Nearly 25% of the global popu- lation reside in the vast agrarian societies in the Yellow, Yangtze, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Indus river basins, each of which is subject to periods of widespread and long-lived flooding. Flooding remains the greatest cause of death and destruc- tion in the developing world, leading to catastrophic loss of life and property. While almost every government in Asia has made substantial progress over the past two decades in saving the lives of victims of slow-onset flood disasters, such events remain relentlessly impoverishing. In India alone, an average 6 million hectares (ha) of land (approximately equivalent to the size of Texas) is inundated each year, affecting 35–40 million people (Dhar and Nandargi 2000; CWC 2008). Because the flooding occurs in the fertile flood plains of major rivers, the loss in agricultural inputs (seed, fertilizer, and pesticides) alone costs in excess of 1 billion U.S. dollars (USD; hence- forth all costs will be given in USD) in an average flood or drought event.
  • Brahmaputra and the Socio-Economic Life of People of Assam

    Brahmaputra and the Socio-Economic Life of People of Assam

    Brahmaputra and the Socio-Economic Life of People of Assam Authors Dr. Purusottam Nayak Professor of Economics North-Eastern Hill University Shillong, Meghalaya, PIN – 793 022 Email: [email protected] Phone: +91-9436111308 & Dr. Bhagirathi Panda Professor of Economics North-Eastern Hill University Shillong, Meghalaya, PIN – 793 022 Email: [email protected] Phone: +91-9436117613 CONTENTS 1. Introduction and the Need for the Study 1.1 Objectives of the Study 1.2 Methodology and Data Sources 2. Assam and Its Economy 2.1 Socio-Demographic Features 2.2 Economic Features 3. The River Brahmaputra 4. Literature Review 5. Findings Based on Secondary Data 5.1 Positive Impact on Livelihood 5.2 Positive Impact on Infrastructure 5.2.1 Water Transport 5.2.2 Power 5.3 Tourism 5.4 Fishery 5.5 Negative Impact on Livelihood and Infrastructure 5.6 The Economy of Char Areas 5.6.1 Demographic Profile of Char Areas 5.6.2 Vicious Circle of Poverty in Char Areas 6. Micro Situation through Case Studies of Regions and Individuals 6.1 Majuli 6.1.1 A Case Study of Majuli River Island 6.1.2 Individual Case Studies in Majuli 6.1.3 Lessons from the Cases from Majuli 6.1.4 Economics of Ferry Business in Majuli Ghats 6.2 Dhubri 6.2.1 A Case Study of Dhubri 6.2.2 Individual Case Studies in Dhubri 6.2.3 Lessons from the Cases in Dhubri 6.3 Guwahati 6.3.1 A Case of Rani Chapari Island 6.3.2 Individual Case Study in Bhattapara 7.
  • Climate Change in the Brahmaputra Valley and Impact on Rice and Tea Productivity

    Climate Change in the Brahmaputra Valley and Impact on Rice and Tea Productivity

    CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE BRAHMAPUTRA VALLEY AND IMPACT ON RICE AND TEA PRODUCTIVITY A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Rajib Lochan Deka CENTRE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GUWAHATI GUWAHATI–781039, ASSAM, INDIA MARCH, 2013 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHONOLOGY GUWAHATI Centre for the Environment Guwahati –781039 Assam India CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled “ Climate Change in the Brahmaputra Valley and Impact on Rice and Tea Productivity ” submitted by Mr. Rajib Lochan Deka to the Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy is a record of bonafide research work carried out by him under our supervision and guidance. Mr. Deka has carried out research on the topic at the Centre for the Environment of IIT Guwahati over a period of three years and eight months and the thesis, in our opinion, is worthy of consideration for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in accordance with the regulations of this Institute. The results contained in this thesis have not been submitted elsewhere in part or full for the award of any degree or diploma to the best of our knowledge and belief. Mrinal Kanti Dutta Chandan Mahanta Associate Professor Professor Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati-781 039, Assam, India Guwahati-781 039, Assam, India TH-1188_0865206 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHONOLOGY GUWAHATI Centre for the Environment Guwahati –781039 Assam India STATEMENT I do hereby declare that the matter embodied in the thesis is a result of research work carried out by me in the Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
  • Iasbaba's Monthly Magazine January 2021

    Iasbaba's Monthly Magazine January 2021

    IASBABA'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE JANUARY 2021 Maharashtra-Karnataka border dispute Economic Survey 2020-21 Climate Change and India in 2021 COVID-19 Vaccination drive WWW.IASBABA.COM [email protected] P a g e | 1 PREFACE With the present shift in examination pattern of UPSC Civil Services Examination, ‘General Studies – II and General Studies III’ can safely be replaced with ‘Current Affairs’. Moreover, following the recent trend of UPSC, almost all the questions are issue-based rather than news- based. Therefore, the right approach to preparation is to prepare issues, rather than just reading news. Taking this into account, our website www.iasbaba.com will cover current affairs focusing more on ‘issues’ on a daily basis. This will help you pick up relevant news items of the day from various national dailies such as The Hindu, Indian Express, Business Standard, LiveMint, Business Line and other important Online sources. Over time, some of these news items will become important issues. UPSC has the knack of picking such issues and asking general opinion based questions. Answering such questions will require general awareness and an overall understanding of the issue. Therefore, we intend to create the right understanding among aspirants – ‘How to cover these issues? This is the 68th edition of IASbaba’s Monthly Magazine. This edition covers all important issues that were in news in the month of JANUARY 2021 which can be accessed from https://iasbaba.com/current-affairs-for-ias-upsc-exams/ VALUE ADDITIONS FROM IASBABA Must Read and Connecting the dots. Also, we have introduced Prelim and mains focused snippets and Test Your Knowledge (Prelims MCQs based on daily current affairs) which shall guide you for better revision.
  • Download File

    Download File

    ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19795-6 OPEN Seven centuries of reconstructed Brahmaputra River discharge demonstrate underestimated high discharge and flood hazard frequency ✉ Mukund P. Rao 1,2 , Edward R. Cook1, Benjamin I. Cook3,4, Rosanne D. D’Arrigo1, Jonathan G. Palmer 5, Upmanu Lall6, Connie A. Woodhouse 7, Brendan M. Buckley1, Maria Uriarte 8, Daniel A. Bishop 1,2, Jun Jian 9 & Peter J. Webster10 1234567890():,; The lower Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh and Northeast India often floods during the monsoon season, with catastrophic consequences for people throughout the region. While most climate models predict an intensified monsoon and increase in flood risk with warming, robust baseline estimates of natural climate variability in the basin are limited by the short observational record. Here we use a new seven-century (1309–2004 C.E) tree-ring recon- struction of monsoon season Brahmaputra discharge to demonstrate that the early instru- mental period (1956–1986 C.E.) ranks amongst the driest of the past seven centuries (13th percentile). Further, flood hazard inferred from the recurrence frequency of high discharge years is severely underestimated by 24–38% in the instrumental record compared to pre- vious centuries and climate model projections. A focus on only recent observations will therefore be insufficient to accurately characterise flood hazard risk in the region, both in the context of natural variability and climate change. 1 Tree Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA. 2 Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. 3 NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY 10025, USA.
  • Assam: State Geology and Mineral Maps

    Assam: State Geology and Mineral Maps

    GSI Misc. Pub. 30 Pt. 4 Vol. 2(i) PGSI. 307 700-2009 (DSK-II) GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF ASSAM GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA Miscelleaneous Publication No. 30 Part IV Vol 2(i) Assam 150 YEARS in the service of the nation Published by the order of the Government of India 2009 GSI Misc. Pub. 30 Pt. 4 Vol. 2(i) Copy right © India, Geological Survey, 2009 First Edition : 2009 Second Reprint s: March, 2011 Manuscript processed for printing by: G. K. KESARI Geologist (Sr) under the guidance of : G. DAS GUPTA B. V. R. REDDY DR. H.S.M. PRAKASH Director Director AND Director Publication Division Publication Division Publication Division Overall supervision by: B.K. Mohanty Sudipta Lahiri U.K.Behara Ex-Dy. Director General Dy. Director General AND Director In-Charge Geological Survey of India NORTH EASTERN REGION Shillong- 793 003 Printed at ESSAR OFFSET Janapath Lane, G.S. Road, Ulubari, Guwahati-781007, Mobile : +91-9435106080 Price: Inland : Rs. 84/- Foreign : £ 3.31 or $ 4.61 GSI Misc. Pub. 30 Pt. 4 Vol. 2(i) FOREWORD The Miscellaneous Publication 30 Series of the Geological Survey of India brings out concise information on the geology and mineral resources of the states of India. The present volume Part IV, Vol. 2(i) of the series, pertaining to the state of Assam, is a revised and updated version of the first edition published in 1974. During the span of three decades since the first edition was published, enormous knowledge has been added in the sphere of geology of the area, hence warranting publication of a revised edition.
  • Chapter-Iii Cco Based Audit

    Chapter-Iii Cco Based Audit

    CHAPTER-III CCO BASED AUDIT 3. Water Resources Department Although flood is a natural calamity caused under extraneous circumstances, in Assam it is almost an annual affair. The Water Resources Department is associated with flood control activities in Assam and is responsible for implementation of various State and Centrally Sponsored programmes. The National Policy for flood envisaged control of flood through three distinct activities viz. immediate and short term for flood control of urgent nature, medium term and long term measures to control it permanently. During the review period (2006-11), the Department had not taken any long term measures to find a permanent solution to the recurring flood problem and had adopted only immediate and short term measures under which only strengthening and repairing work of embankments were undertaken. There were deficiencies in planning and budgeting. Flow of funds and control over programme implementation was either inadequate or insufficient. Intended benefits of the programmes contemplated through execution of immediate and short term measures were also not forthcoming. Some of the significant audit findings are as under: Highlights The Department prepared annual plans based on plan allocation received from the Planning and Development Department instead of a long term perspective plan. There was huge gap between budget allocation and actual release of fund. (Paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8.3) The Department spent 13 to 61 per cent of the total annual expenditure at the fag end of financial year during 2006-11. (Paragraph 3.8.5) Twelve schemes executed at a cost of `45.22 crore were either washed away or became ineffective due to inefficient project management.
  • Multiscale Analysis of Three Consecutive Years of Anomalous Flooding in Pakistan

    Multiscale Analysis of Three Consecutive Years of Anomalous Flooding in Pakistan

    Multiscale analysis of three consecutive years of anomalous flooding in Pakistan By K. L. Rasmussen1+, A. J. Hill*, V. E. Toma#, M. D. Zuluaga+, P. J. Webster#, and R. A. Houze, Jr.+ +Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Washington Seattle, WA *Atmospheric Science Group Department of Geosciences Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX #School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA Submitted to the Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society January 2014 Revised April 2014 Revised June 2014 1 Corresponding author: Kristen Lani Rasmussen, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT A multiscale investigation into three years of anomalous floods in Pakistan provides insight into their formation, unifying meteorological characteristics, mesoscale storm structures, and predictability. Striking similarities between all three floods existed from planetary and large- scale synoptic conditions down to the mesoscale storm structures, and these patterns were generally well-captured with the ECMWF EPS forecast system. Atmospheric blocking events associated with high geopotential heights and surface temperatures over Eastern Europe were present during all three floods. Quasi-stationary synoptic conditions over the Tibetan plateau allowed for the formation of anomalous easterly midlevel flow across central India into Pakistan that advected deep tropospheric moisture from the Bay of Bengal into Pakistan, enabling flooding in the region. The TRMM Precipitation Radar observations show that the flood- producing storms exhibited climatologically unusual structures during all three floods in Pakistan. These departures from the climatology consisted of westward propagating precipitating systems with embedded wide convective cores, rarely seen in this region, that likely occurred when convection was organized upscale by the easterly midlevel jet across the subcontinent.
  • Spatial and Seasonal Responses of Precipitation in the Ganges And

    Spatial and Seasonal Responses of Precipitation in the Ganges And

    South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications Department of Natural Resource Management 1-28-2015 Spatial and Seasonal Responses of Precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra River Basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole Modes: Implications for Flooding and Drought M. S. Pervez G. M. Henebry South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/nrm_pubs Part of the Geographic Information Sciences Commons, Physical and Environmental Geography Commons, and the Spatial Science Commons Recommended Citation Pervez, M. S. and Henebry, G. M., "Spatial and Seasonal Responses of Precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra River Basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole Modes: Implications for Flooding and Drought" (2015). Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications. 5. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/nrm_pubs/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Natural Resource Management at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 147–162, 2015 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/15/147/2015/ doi:10.5194/nhess-15-147-2015 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Spatial and seasonal responses of precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins to ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole modes: implications for flooding and drought M.
  • Water Resources in the Northeast

    Water Resources in the Northeast

    BACKGROUND PAPER NO. 2 AUGUST 2006 WATER RESOURCES IN THE NORTHEAST: STATE OF THE KNOWLEDGE BASE BY CHANDAN MAHANTA INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GUWAHATI, INDIA This paper was commissioned as an input to the study “Development and Growth in Northeast India: The Natural Resources, Water, and Environment Nexus” Table of contents 1. Background..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Context .................................................................................................................................................1 3. Present status of knowledge base.....................................................................................................1 4. Characteristics of the water resources of the Northeast................................................................3 4.1 General features............................................................................................................................3 4.2 Brahmaputra basin.......................................................................................................................4 4.3 Barak basin ....................................................................................................................................7 5. Water resource availability in major water bodies ........................................................................7 6. Groundwater resources .....................................................................................................................7
  • Attributing the 2017 Bangladesh Floods From

    Attributing the 2017 Bangladesh Floods From

    Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1409–1429, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1409-2019 © Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Attributing the 2017 Bangladesh floods from meteorological and hydrological perspectives Sjoukje Philip1, Sarah Sparrow2, Sarah F. Kew1, Karin van der Wiel1, Niko Wanders3,4, Roop Singh5, Ahmadul Hassan5, Khaled Mohammed2, Hammad Javid2,6, Karsten Haustein6, Friederike E. L. Otto6, Feyera Hirpa7, Ruksana H. Rimi6, A. K. M. Saiful Islam8, David C. H. Wallom2, and Geert Jan van Oldenborgh1 1Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, the Netherlands 2Oxford e-Research Centre, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 3Department of Physical Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands 4Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA 5Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, The Hague, the Netherlands 6Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Oxford, UK 7School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 8Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh Correspondence: Sjoukje Philip ([email protected]) and Geert Jan van Oldenborgh ([email protected]) Received: 10 July 2018 – Discussion started: 23 July 2018 Revised: 14 February 2019 – Accepted: 14 February 2019 – Published: 13 March 2019 Abstract. In August 2017 Bangladesh faced one of its worst change in discharge towards higher values is somewhat less river flooding events in recent history. This paper presents, uncertain than in precipitation, but the 95 % confidence inter- for the first time, an attribution of this precipitation-induced vals still encompass no change in risk.