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6 X 10.Long New.P65 Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86709-2 - On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin Index More information INDEX ... aberrant forms 331–2 Antirrhinum 131, 349 abundance of species 63 ants: Abyssinia 290, 293 and aphids 169 Acacea 339 Cryptocerus 189 acclimatisation 115–18 Eciton 189 acquired characteristics 21, 384, 416 Formica flava 177, 190 adaptations of organisms 55, 330–1 Formica fusca 175–7 adders 161; see also snakes Formica rufescens 175–8 Agassiz, ( Jean) Louis (Rodolphe) Formica sanguinea 175–8 ancient forms 262 Myrmecocystus 189 biography 396 Myrmica 190 blind fish 115 Polyergus rufescens 175–8 dispersal of species 283 slave-making 175–8 embryonic characters 324 sterile 189, 190, 355 embryonic resemblance 346 aphid(e)s, see insects embryos 339 apples 206 groups of species, sudden appearance apricots 206 236, 238 Apteryx 147 ice ages 418 Archiac, (Etienne Jules) Adolphe immutability of species 242 (Desmier de Saint-Simon), age of equipoise lxiv Vicomte d’ 252, 396 agnosticism lxiii argument from design li, lii–liii, 380, 417 agouti 271 Aristotle x albinism 19, 216 armadillo(e)s 119, 263, 264 Alexander, Cecil xxvi Armstrong, William lx algæ 291 artificial selection xxxviii alligators 76 Ascension 302 Alpine species, distribution 283 Asclepias 156 Amblyopsis 115 asparagus 279 ammonites 250 Aspicarpa 323 Anagallis, see pimpernel asses 133, 134, 216 analogical characters 330–1 Ateuchus 112 analogous variations 130, 133–5 atheism ix, lxii, lxiii–lxiv ancient forms 261–3 Audubon, John James 149, 169, 300, 396 ancon, see sheep Australia: Ancylus 299 flora 309, 331 Anglesea (Anglesey) 302 geographic distribution 290, 312 anteaters 119, 264 insects 331 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86709-2 - On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin Index More information 436 Index Australia (cont.) stag 76 introduced species 90 tarsi 128 marsupials 97 water 67 trees 85 wingless 112 Aylesbury ducks 111 wings, rudimentary 348 Azara, Félix de 64, 396 benevolence, divine lii, liii Azores 116, 304 Bentham, George 46, 324, 397 Berkeley, Miles Joseph 278, 397 Babington, Charles Cardale 46, 396 Bermuda 303, 305 Bacon, Francis, 1st Viscount St Alban 397 Birch, Samuel 30, 397 Bakewell, Robert 36, 37, 397 birds: balancement of growth, law of 121 bastard-wing 347 bamboo 158 beaks 75, 342, 383 barnacles, see cirripedes carnivorous 16 Barrande, Joachim: chickens, see poultry biography 397 colouring 110 extinct species 256 crows 170 extinction 247 cuckoos 166, 173–4 immutability of species 242 dispersal of plant species by Silurian deposits 240, 255 280–1, 298 simultaneous changes in forms ducks, see ducks of life 253 eagles 281 batrachians 304, 333; see also frogs, newts eggs 59 bats: extinction 333 bones 337 flightless 111 evolution of 145 frigate-birds 149, 160 islands 305, 367 Galapagos Islands 308 limbs 160 gallinaceous 128 natural selection 163 geese, see geese wings 123, 126 grouse 46, 73 Beagle (HMS) xxii hawks 73, 280–1 bears 16, 148–9, 328, 393 herons 300 bees: homologous parts 118 cell-making 178–92 insectivorous 63–4 drones 363 magpies 170 fertilisation 65 owls 281 inter-dependence 390 partridges 281 Melipona domestica 179–81, 186 Parus major 148 parasitic 174 peacocks 42, 77 pollination 81, 83 pelicans 281 sting 162, 363 penguins 147 William Paley on liii, lv petrels 149, 363 beet 281 pigeons, see pigeons beetles: plumage 77, 188 Darwin collecting xvii poultry, see poultry dung-feeding 112 Puffinuria berardi 149 fruit 74 red grouse 46 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86709-2 - On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin Index More information Index 437 rhea 271 Buckland, William 256, 398 rock-pigeons, see rock-pigeon Buckman, James 18, 398 (Columba livia) bulldogs 343 Saurophagus sulphuratus 148 Bulmer, Michael 383–4 sexual selection 76–7 Bulwer-Lytton, Edward, 1st Baron skulls 337 Lytton 416 storks 281 butterflies, see insects swallows 67 teeth, embryonic 347 cabbages 21, 34, 84, 121 thrushes 67, 193, 311, 363, 365 Calceolaria 199 titmouse 148 Cambridgeshire 302 turkeys 77, 159 Candolle, Alphonse de: tyrant flycatcher 148 alpine species, disappearance of 142 vultures 158–9 biography 398–9 webbed feet 149–50 geographical distribution 419 woodpeckers 10–11, 149, 158, 363 migration of plants 293 wrens 193 naturalised plants 96, 311 bizcacha 271, 332 plant species on oceanic islands 301 Blyth, Edward 23, 133, 200, 201, 397 plant varieties 50 boars 76; see also pigs range of plants 280, 299, 314 Bonnet, Charles Etienne 417 range of trees 304 Boole, Mary lxii–lxiii seeds 120, 300 Borneo 290, 293 Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de 56, 120, Borrow, George Henry 36, 397 332, 398, 419 Bory de St Vincent, Jean Baptiste 397 cannibalism 37 Bosquet, Joseph Augustin Hubert 238, Cape of Good Hope 92, 290, 309 397–8 Cape Verde Islands 308, 368 Boys, Mr. 392 capybara 271 brachiopods xxxix, 45 carnivores 16, 94 brambles xxxix Cassini, (Alexandre) Henri (Gabriel), Brazil 290, 297 Vicomte de 119, 399 breeding xxxiv caterpillars, see insects domesticated species 16–17, 28 cats: Brent, Bernard Peirce 171, 281, 398 breeds of 41 Brewer, Thomas Mayo 173, 398 correlation of growth 18, 119 Britain: instinct 172 cows xxxiv inter-dependence 65, 390 domestication xxxiv modification without benefit 161 flora 46 prey of 78 natural theology lii–liii cattle: political instability xxv compensation of growth 121 Poor Laws xlii–xliii fœtal teeth 369 workhouses xliii horns 20, 74, 188, 189, 327, 342 British Association for the Advancement of hybrids 201 Science lx–lxi, lx improvements in xxxiv, 36 Bronn, Heinrich Georg 230, 398 Indian 23 Brown, Robert 321, 322, 398, 419 insects 64 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86709-2 - On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin Index More information 438 Index cattle (cont.) embryology 323–4, 339–47 selection 93 extinct species 256 short-horn 93, 249 extinction, influence of 333–4 teats, rudimentary 348 genealogical 325 udders 18 marsupials 332 wild 24 morphology 335–9 rate of increase 58 Natural System 319–20, 324–5, 334–5 cauliflower 350 rodents 332 Cautley, Proby Thomas 264, 399 rudimentary organs 347–51 cave-dwelling animals 114–15 rules 320–7 cave-rats 114 subordination of groups 318–19 cell-making instinct 178–92 variability of species xxxix–xl centres of creation, see creation Clausen, Peter 263, 399 cereals 62–3, 66, 212, 281 Clift, William 263, 399 Cetacea 119 climate: Ceylon 116, 290 adaptations to 115–16 Chambers, Robert xxiv, 11, 399, 415 changes xlv characters, of little importance 158–60 natural selection 71 charlock 67 numbers of species 61–2 Charpentier, Jean de 418 range of species 68 Chartist movement xxv variation 110 chickens, see poultry clover 65, 81, 281, 390 China 35 Cobites 153 Chthamalinæ 226, 238 cockroaches, see insects cirripedes: cocks, see poultry atrophied organs 417 Colling, Charles and Robert 399 classification xxix Collins, (Mr) 36, 399 and Darwin: Columba livia, see rock-pigeon description of liii–lv Colymbetes 299 studies of xxvii, xxix, xxx–xxxii compensation of growth, law of 121 fossil record 237–8 competition xi–xii, xliii, liii, 56, hermaphrodite 124 249–50 larvae 340–1, 346 Compositæ 119, 348 organs, transition of 154–5 Conditions of Existence, law of 165 parasitic 121 Connaraceæ 321 pedunculated 154–5 consolations of evolution lv Scalpellum xxxii consolations of religion li sessile 237–8 Cordillera 292 sexual characteristics xxxii correlation of growth 18–20, 35, 74, classification: 118–23 adaptive characters 330–1 cotton 74 affinities 332 cows, see cattle analogical characters 330–1 cowslip (Primula eliator) 47, 211 Beagle specimens xxviii coypu 271 cirripedes xxix crabs 114, 338 descent with modification 327–9 creation lxii, 379 difficulties with xxxviii, 416, 419–20 centres of 273–6, 419 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86709-2 - On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin Index More information Index 439 Crinum 198 and John Edward Gray xxx–xxxi crocodiles 244 and Albany Hancock xxx crossing: and Joseph Dalton Hooker xxviii, xxxi, of species: xxxii, 378, 392, 416 horticulture 199 humility xxxi intermediate forms 24 hybridisation 418 reciprocal 203–4 intellectual resources xi and systematic affinity 202–3 and Charles Lyell xlix of varieties and strains: marine creatures xiii domestic pigeons 28–9 men of science l flower structures 83 modesty l offspring 82 natural history xi, xii pollen-bearing insects 83 opponents 420 crows 170 orchids 420 crustaceans 151–2, 324, 333, 337, 340 pigeons xxxiv–xxxvi Cryptocerus 189 praise for the Origin lix Ctenomys (tuco tuco) 113, 364 Principles of Geology (Lyell) xlix Cuckoos, see birds prolepsis l Curculio, see insects reception of Vestiges xxvi cuttlefish 341 religious views 381 Cuvier, Frédéric (Frederick) 166, 399 reputation xxiii, xxiv Cuvier, Georges, Baron 165, 237, 242, Royal Society xxxii 256, 340 scientific credibility xxxii–xxxiv scientific equipment, availability of xi Dana, James Dwight 115, 288, seeds, experiments 393 291, 400 supporters 420 dandelion 67 and William Berhard Tegetmeier Darwin, Annie li xxxvi–xxxvii Darwin, Charles: wealth xi acknowledgements of assistance xxxi, Darwin, Erasmus x, xiii xxxvii Darwinian revolution ix, lxiv, 421 atheism lxii Dawson, John William 232, 400 barnacles xxvii, xxix, xxx–xxxii, death lii, lv; see also nature liii–lv, 417 Descent of Man (Darwin) lvii beetles xvii descent with modification 257, 264, 325, and Mary Boole lxii–lxiii 327–9, 350–1
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