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Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino De Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes RUI MANUEL NOGUEIRA FERNANDES LOMELINO DE FREITAS OS MANIFESTOS ROSACRUZES Orientador: Professor Doutor João de Almeida Santos Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração Lisboa 2019 Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias/Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração 1 Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes RUI MANUEL NOGUEIRA FERNANDES LOMELINO DE FREITAS OS MANIFESTOS ROSACRUZES Dissertação defendida em provas públicas para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre no Curso de Mestrado em Ciências das Religiões, conferido pela Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Com o Despacho Reitoral nº61/2019 com aseguinte composição de Júri: Presidente:Professor Doutor José Brissos Lino Arguente: Professor Doutor Paulo Alexandre Esteves Borges Orientador: Professor Doutor João de Almeida Santos Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração Lisboa 2019 Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias/Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração 2 Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes Agradecimentos Tal como o rio cuja força vem dos seus afluentes, esta dissertação é devedora de várias pessoas e instituições a quem quero expressar a minha gratidão. Em primeiro lugar o meu agradecimento à minha mãe, Maria Manuela Marques Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas, pela sua sempre renovada esperança, apoio e incentivo, durante os anos que levou a maturar esta dissertação. Quero agradecer à Isadora Migliori, pelo seu Amor, força e paciência, pela Rosa colocada como foco e dádiva no meio de dias difíceis: obrigado Isa!. Ao Professor Carlos Gilly, que amavelmente me recebeu em sua casa numa das tardes mais profícuas e inesquecíveis da minha vida em torno dos meandros da correspondência dos autores dos Manifestos, citando exemplos, corrigindo lacunas, permitindo a formação de uma imagem viva. Foi crucial o seu apoio posterior. A Eduard Berga, Pedro Victor-Rodriguez e Francisco Casanueva, da Fundación Rosacruz, pela amizade, informações, pistas e reflexões. A eles devo o despertar da vocação para a Linha de Investigação em que atualmente trabalho. A Joost Ritman e Esther Ritman, da Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica de Amesterdão, pelo trabalho e exemplo de vida. A Peter Huijs, da Rozekruis Pers, pela preciosa ajuda sobre as e tradições espirituais em que se fundamentam os Manifestos. A Dorotheia Schneider, pelo empenho, amizade e fé, tornando acessível as versões alemãs da Fama e de outros textos seminais. À Zulmira do Carmo, Sandra Neves da Silva e Manuela Gomes, pela amizade e apoio à tradução de documentos. A minha gratidão a Fabrizio Boscaglia, pelo precioso e indispensável contributo generoso, pelos seus conselhos decisivos, análise crítica e apoio metodológico e científico. E pelo ânimo fraterno e força de esperança fundamentais. Ao meu orientador, Professor Doutor João de Almeida Santos, pela valiosa disponibilidade, pelo estímulo à reformulação e expressão filosófica mais profunda. Ao Paulo Mendes Pinto, Coordenador da Área de Ciência das Religiões, de quem veio o desafio a realizar este Mestrado e com cujo apoio foi possível concluí-lo. E neste contexto, o reconhecido agradecimento ao Professor Manuel de Almeida Damásio pelo apoio no desenvolvimento das parcerias necessárias para a consolidação da linha de investigação em Gnose e Esoterismo Ocidental. A todos a minha gratidão e o desejo sincero de que o bem seja recompensado! Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias/Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração 3 Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes Resumo A presente dissertação visa enquadrar, apresentar e analisar criticamente os Manifestos Rosacruzes do século XVII. Fama Fraternitatis, Confessio Fraternitatis e Die Chymische Hochzeit - ou Casamento Alquímico -, são três obras referenciais e seminais que foram valorizadas ao longo de quatro séculos, podendo ser consideradas como uma herança cultural e espiritual da humanidade. O objetivo desta dissertação é fornecer uma base para uma edição crítica dos Manifestos. Além disso, com essa idéia em mente, é o objetivo desta dissertação, descrever o contexto histórico da primeira edição dos Manifestos e esclarecer alguns enigmas históricos. Queremos nesta dissertação ter uma percepção de sua influência na sociedade, no pensamento filosófico, nas artes, nas ciências, mas também nas escolas Rosacruzes, Maçônicas, Teosóficas ou Antroposóficas. Vamos tentar aqui também entender as fontes que deram origem ao pensamento Rosacruz. Mas acima de tudo, queremos entender a proposta rosacruciana do século XVII, em perspectiva com o pensamento contemporâneo. Palavras-chave: Manifestos Rosacruzes; Rosacrucianismo; Esoterismo; Ciência das Religiões Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias/Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração 4 Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes Abstract The present dissertation aims to frame, present and analyse critically the Rosicrucian Manifestos of the 17th century. Fama Fraternitatis, Confessio Fraternitatis and Die Chymische Hochzeit – or Alchemical Marriage –, are three referential and seminal works which, by the way they have been valued over four centuries, can be considered as a cultural and a spiritual heritage of humanity. This dissertation’s goal is to provide a basis for a critical edition of the Manifestos. Furthermore, with this idea in mind, it is the purpose of this dissertation, to describe the historical context of the first edition of the Manifestos and to clarify some historical puzzles. We want in this dissertation to have a perception of their influence in society, in philosophical thought, in the arts, in the sciences, but also in later Rosicrucian, Masonic, Theosophical, or Anthroposophical schools. We will try here also to understand the sources that gave rise to the Rosicrucian thought. But above all, we want to understand the Rosicrucian proposal of the 17th century, in perspective with contemporary thinking. Key Words: Rosicrucian Manifestos; Rosicrucianism; Esotericism; Science of Religions. Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias/Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Administração 5 Rui Manuel Nogueira Fernandes Lomelino de Freitas / Os Manifestos Rosacruzes ÍNDICE Introdução ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Enquadramento epistemológico ................................................................................. 9 O que é Esoterismo .................................................................................................. 12 Perspetivas metodológicas ....................................................................................... 14 Estrutura e Organização ........................................................................................... 17 1. Os 400 anos de Tradição Rosacruz ...................................................................................... 20 2. Os Manifestos Rosacruzes: Importância Histórica e Filosófica ............................... 25 2.1. Alguns elementos para a compreensão do âmbito da Reforma dos Rosacruzes ................................................................................................................................ 31 3. Ad Fontes. Os afluentes filosóficos, religiosos e literários que convergiram nos Manifestos 33 3.1. A Gnose Cristã .................................................................................................. 33 3.2. O Hermetismo ................................................................................................... 36 3.3. A herança mística e filosófica islâmica ............................................................... 38 3.4. Paracelso .......................................................................................................... 40 4. O Projeto dos Manifestos e o contexto histórico antes da publicação................................... 43 5. Tobias Hess: O Rosacruz Inspirador dos Manifestos ............................................................... 50 6. Quem escreveu os Manifestos Rosacruzes? ........................................................................... 56 7. Introdução à Fama Fraternitatis Rosae Crucis ........................................................................ 61 7.1. A edição da Fama em português ....................................................................... 63 7.2. O conteúdo da Fama ......................................................................................... 64 8. Introdução à Confessio Fraternitatis ....................................................................................... 68 9. Introdução às Núpcias Alquímicas .......................................................................................... 71 9.1. Os conteúdos das Núpcias ................................................................................ 73 Conclusões .................................................................................................................................. 75 Glossário .....................................................................................................................................
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