DOCSLIB.ORG

UMI Dissertation • • Information Service

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UMI Dissertation • • Information Service PHOTOPERIODIC REGULATION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN THE SYRIAN HAMSTER (OVARY, PINEAL, HORMONES, PITUITARY). Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors HAUSER, URSULA ESTHER. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 27/09/2021 09:59:21 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183862 INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a manuscript sent to us for publication and microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to pho­ tograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pages in any manuscript may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. Manuscripts may not always be complete. When it is not possible to obtain missing pages, a note appears to indicate this. 2. When copyrighted materials are removed from the manuscript, a note ap­ pears to indicate this. 3. Oversize materials (maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sec­ tioning the original, beginning at the upper left hand comer and continu­ ing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is also filmed as one exposure and is available, for an additional charge, as a standard 35mm slide or in black and white paper format. * 4. Most photographs reproduce acceptably on positive microfilm or micro­ fiche but lack clarity on xerographic copies made from the microfilm. For an additional charge, all photographs are available in black and white stan.dard 35mm slide format. * *For more information about black and white slides or enlarged paper reproductions, please contact the Dissertations Customer Services Department. Dissertation UMI• • Information Service University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company . 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 8623851 Hauser, Ursula Esther PHOTOPERIODIC REGULATION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN THE SYRIAN HAMSTER The University of Arizona PH.D. 1986 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI48106 Copyright 1986 by Hauser, Ursula Esther All Rights Reserved PLEASE NOTE: In a" cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark_..f_. 1. Glossy photographs or pages-.i.. 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print v/' 3. Photographs with dark background __ 4. Illustrations are poor copy ___ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy __ 6. Print shows through as there is t~xt on both sides of page ___ 7. Indistinct, broken or sma" print on several pages ___ 8. Print exceeds margin requirements __ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine ___ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print ___ 11. Page(s) lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s) seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered . Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages __ 15. Dissertation contains pages with print at a slant, filmed as received ____ 16. Other__________________________ _ University Microfilms International PHOTOPERIODIC REGULATION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN THE SYRIAN HAMSTER by Ursula Esther Hauser A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 986 Copyright 1986 Ursula Esther Hauser THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by ------------------------------------------Ursula Esther Hauser entitled Photoperiodic Regulation of the Female Reproductive System in the Syrian Hamster and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ------------------~~------------------------------- d I 9-' 0, 118':...t Date ; l 7PI/rr{.. Date Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's sUbmission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. D~~r~on Director Date~ STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been subm·itted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allow­ able without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: t.L.rS~ e '#0' ~~ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deep gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Bryant Benson. His guidance, great patience and generosity made my graduate education a very special and invaluable experience. I also would like to thank Dr. Philip H. Krutzsch, Dr. David E. Blask and Dr. Christopher A. Leadem for their service on my committee, individual contributions to my education as a researcher, and last but not least, for their friendship, which I cherish and which helped me greatly in the persuit of my goal. Finally, I would like to thank the many members of the Department of Anatomy who contributed to my education, provided technical assistance, or in other ways made my life as a graduate student more enjoyable. iii ... - ...__ ... _.•. _-- ---------_._-_._._............. - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF .I LLUSTRATI ONS . vii LIST OF TABLES . xi ABSTRACT . • xii 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND. 1 Origin of the Hamster as an Experimental Animal 1 The Female Reproductive System • . .. 3 Estrous Cycle •.••.•.•••.••. 3 Follicular Development and Steroidogenesis 7 Follicular Atresia • • • • • • • • • • 10 Interstitium . • • . • . • . .. 12 Neural Control of the Female Reproductive System . • . • • • . • . • • . • .. 13 Neuroregulation of Gonadotropin Secretion. 13 Gonadotropin Regulation in the Female Hamster • . • • . • •. ••••.. 21 Control of Gonadotropins at the Pituitary Level.. .. ...... 25 Regulation of Prolactin • . • • • • • . • . 28 Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Circadian Rhythms • . • . • . • • . 32 Seasonal Breeding and the Pineal Gland . 37 PhotoperioG and the Female Hamster • • •• 41 2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM AND SPECIFIC AIMS 47 3. EXPERIMENT I: A HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE SITES OF STEROID SYNTHESID IN BLINDED, FEMALE HAMSTERS •.. 49 Introduction • • • • • • • . • 49 Materials and Methods. • • . • •. 50 Observations ••• . • . • • . • . .. 52 Discussion . • • . • • • • • • • . 55 Pl ates . • • . • • • . •• 59 iy v TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued Page 4. EXPERIMENT II: RAPID CESSATION OF ESTROUS CYCLICITY AND DEPRESSED CASTRATION RESPONSE IN SHORT-PHOTOPERIOD TREATED INBRED LSH/SsLak HAMSTERS. 63 Introduction ..•••••••. 63 Materials and Methods 63 Results ••••••. 66 Discussion ....•..•. 67 Figures ••...•. 73 5. EXPERIMENT III: EARLY SHORT PHOTOPERIOD EFFECTS IN FEMALE LSH/SsLak GOLDEN SYRIAN HAMSTERS • • . • . • • • . 80 Introduction .•.... • . •• 80 Materials and Methods. • • • • • • • . 81 Results. • . • • . 83 Discussion .••••• .•• ••. 85 Table 1. ...... ........ 92 Figures . • . • • . • . 93 6. EXPERIMENT IV: HORMONAL CHANGES PRECEEDING THE SHORT PHOTOPERIOD-INDUCED ANOVULATORY CONDITION IN LSH/SsLak HAMSTERS . • . • • . • • . 101 Introduction .•. •. 101 Materials and Methods. • • • • • • • • 102 Results ..• • .•• . • • • 106 Discussion •.. 110 Table 1. .... .. • 117 Figures ...••••.•• · 118 7. EXPERIMENT V: SHORT PHOTOPERIOD DEPRESSES CASTRATION RESPONSE AND MAY ALTER STEROID FEEDBACK SENSITIVITY IN FEMALE LSH/SsLak HAMSTERS .•. 131 Introduction •••••. · 131 Materials and Methods. • 132 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued Page Results .............. • 134 .Discussion ••• • 136 Table 1. .... • • • • 141 Figures •••••••••••••• • • • . 142 8. SUMMARY DISCUSSION . • 148 9. REFERENCES 164 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Page Experiment I. Plate 1. NADH Diphorase Activity in the Ovary of a Control Hamster on Diestrus II •• . 59 2. Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase Activity as Seen on Proestrus in a Control Ovary • 59 3. 3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity Observed on Proestrus in the Ovary of a Control Animal .••• •.••••• 60 4. NADH Diaphorase Activity in the Ovary of a Blinded Acyclic Animal •••••••. 60 5. Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase A~tivity Seen in the Ovary of a Blind Animal .. 61 6. 3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity Seen in the Ovary of a Blind Hamster 61 7. Hand E Section of an Ovary from an Animal on Proestrus Day. • . • • • • • • . • . • 62 8. Hand E Section from the Ovary of a Blinded Animal ...•.....•••.. 62 Experiment II. Figure 1. Effects of SP on Estrous Activity ••••. 73 2. Serum LH Profiles of SP- and LP- Exposed Ovariectomized Animals During the First and Second Postcannulation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hankering for a Hamster
    01_57440x ch01.qxd 8/26/04 9:51 PM Page 1 Chapter 1 Hankering for a Hamster In This Chapter ᮣ Getting acquainted ᮣ Tracing the hamster’s path to domesticity ᮣ Meeting the species of pet hamsters ᮣ Examining hamster anatomy he old comic line “What’s not to like?” fits hamsters perfectly. TWith their bright, inquisitive faces, agile bodies, and deft little paws, they’ve been engaging and entertaining families for generations. Your decision to purchase a hamster may have been prompted by memories of a childhood friend. But whether this is your first ham- ster or just the first one you’ve had since you earned your allowance by cleaning the cage, you’ll want to know how to make life safe and fun for your new companion, for yourself, and for your family. How to Use This Book Hamsters are hoarders, who stuff their cheek pouches full of good- ies they may want to eat later. Think of this book the same way: as your secret cache of knowledge that you can use a little at a time, or all at once. You may have picked up this book along with your new hamsterCOPYRIGHTED at the pet shop, or maybe youMATERIAL decided to read up on these animals before making a purchase. No matter where you started, this book tells you where to go next. If you’re interested in the history of the breed, I’ve included some tidbits of olde hamster for you to enjoy, but if you want to cut to the chase, I’ve made that easy too.
    [Show full text]
  • Front Matter (PDF)
    VOLUME 35 ^NO. 3 CNREA8 •¿PP 473 - 864 March 1975 COVER LEGEND The Israeli zoologist Israel Aharoni in 1930 captured for Professor Israel Aharoni (right) was born in Lithuania in 1882 and died in Saul Adler at the University of Jerusalem one male and two female Israel in 1946. He studied zoology and Semitic languages at the littermates of Mesocricetus auratus (Nature, 162: 256, 1948). From University of Prague, Czechoslovakia, and later became lecturer in these three animals H. Ben Menahem in Adler's laboratory quickly zoology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was a pioneer in established that this species breeds readily in captivity. Thus, the the study of the fauna of Israel and its neighboring countries, es Syrian golden hamster, M. auratus, replaced the hard to obtain pecially Syria and Turkey. Aharoni discovered many species of Chinese hamster, Cricetus griseus, which Adler had to import from the animals hitherto unknown, and he succeeded in raising the golden Orient for his studies on kala azar. Since then Syrian hamsters have hamster that became one of the important experimental animals been used in laboratory research throughout the world at the rate for medical research. His work is narrated in his autobiography, of some 800,000 per year in the U.S.A. alone. Many inbred strains Memoirs of a Hebrew Zoologist, Tel-Aviv: Am Oved Publishers, have been developed and much knowledge has been gained on the 1942. physiology and pathology of this species (cf. R. A. Hoffman et a!. Saul Adler (left) was born in Russia in 1895 and died in Israel in (eds.), The Golden Hamster, Its Biology and Use in Medical Re 1966.
    [Show full text]
  • HAASIANA Running Title: Suez Canal Serpulidae Hath Qfinal Version Running Title: Suez Canal Serpulidae Hath Qfinal Version
    HAASIANA Running title: Suez Canal Serpulidae HAtH qfinal version A BIENNIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE NATIONAL NATURAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS OF THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY No. 7 Jerusalem, April 2014 Compiled and edited by M.N. Ben-Eliahu and D. Golani The Biological Collections of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Berman-Lubin Buildings, Edmond Safra Campus Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel Running title: Suez Canal SerpulidaeHAASIANA HAtH qfinal version A BIENNIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE NATIONAL NATURAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS OF THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY No. 7 Jerusalem, April 2014 Compiled and edited by M.N. Ben-Eliahu and D. Golani The Biological Collections of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Berman-Lubin Buildings, Edmond Safra Campus Givat Ram, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel Cover photograph of Northern bald ibises (Geronticus eremita) collected by Israel Aharoni on 1910 in the Syrian Desert near Palmyra. In 2002, a tiny population of this critically endangered species was rediscovered in Syria in the exact same location described by Aharoni, but has since become extinct. Cover photograph from the collections of Israel Aharoni at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem reviewed by Dr. Nir Sapir. Contributions appearing in the newsletter should be considered as preliminary notes that have not been peer-reviewed. For more information, please contact Dr. D. Golani, Fax: 972-2-6584741, Tel. 972-2-6585872, e-mail <[email protected]>. ISSN 0793-5862 Printed by Old City Press, Jerusalem Contents I. Introduction . .. 1 From the Director . 1 From the Coordinator of the National Natural History Collections . 2 II. The Bird Collection, including the collection of Israel Aharoni.
    [Show full text]
  • 86-99 (2000) 70 Jahre Goldhamster in Menschlicher Obhut – Wie Groß Sind Die Unterschiede Zu Seinen Wildlebenden Verwandten?
    publiziert in: Tierlaboratorium 23: 86-99 (2000) 70 Jahre Goldhamster in menschlicher Obhut – wie groß sind die Unterschiede zu seinen wildlebenden Verwandten? Rolf Gattermann Zusammenfassung Der Goldhamster gehört zu den wohletablierten Versuchstieren und ist eines der populärsten Heimtiere in der westlichen Welt. Alle Labor- und Heimtierpopulationen stammen ursprüng- lich von einer Bruder-Schwester-Paarung aus dem Jahre 1930 ab. Bis heute kommen fast alle Daten über Verhalten, Chronobiologie, Immunologie und Physiologie von Laborstämmen. Wir haben 19 wilde Goldhamster an drei verschiedenen Orten im natürlichen Verbreitungsge- biet in der Nähe von Aleppo/Syrien gefangen und einen neuen Zuchtstamm etabliert. Die ers- ten Resultate vergleichender Studien zeigen für die domestizierten Stämme eine drastische Reduktion der genetischen Variabilität. Bei den verhaltensbiologischen, chronobiologischen, morphometrischen, hämatologischen und biochemischen Parametern haben wir jedoch nur geringe Differenzen zwischen den Labor- und Wildgoldhamstern gefunden. Sie entsprechen den üblichen Variationen zwischen Versuchstierstämmen. Außer der Übersicht zu ersten Re- sultaten werden Fakten zur natürlichen Lebensweise und zur Kulturgeschichte des Goldhams- ters mitgeteilt. Abstract The golden hamster is one of the best established experimental animals and probably among the most popular pests in the western world. The entire laboratory and pet populations origi- nated basically from a single brother-sister pairing back in 1930. Until today almost all data on the behaviour, chronobiology, immunology and physiology have been obtained from labo- ratory strains. We caught 19 wild golden hamsters at three different localities of their natural distribution area near Aleppo/Syria and established a new breeding stock. The first results of comparative studies revealed a drastically reduced genetic variability in domestic strains.
    [Show full text]
  • THE JEWISH COLONIAL TRUST by David Matlow Page 30
    SPRING COVER_2021_FINAL2.qxp_Layout 1 2021-05-17 11:25 AM Page 1 THE ISRAEL PHILATELIST SOCIETY OF ISRAEL PHILATELISTS INC. SPRING 2021 DEVOTED to the PHILATELY of the HOLY LAND and JUDAICA q VOL. LXXII NO. 2 THE JEWISH COLONIAL TRUST by David Matlow page 30 IN THIS ISSUE Holocaust Plague Fighter 7 In Memory of Morris Rosen 14 Jewish Life in Germany 16 WWI Turkish Army in Palestine 21 Ben-Gurion 44 SPRING COVER_2021_FINAL2.qxp_Layout 1 2021-05-17 11:25 AM Page 1 THE ISRAEL PHILATELIST 2021 Society of Israel Philatelists Fundraising Campaign SOCIETY OF ISRAEL PHILATELISTS INC. SPRING 2021 Gifts directed to the Endowment Fund DEVOTED to the PHILATELY of the HOLY LAND and JUDAICA q VOL. LXXII NO. 2 KING DAVID Level MOSES Level MIRIAM Level Jonathan Greene Bruce Arbit Peter Rzepka Charles Barnett Arbit Family Gitte Finkelman-Cohen Tzedakah Fund of the ICF Vicki & Steven Galecki QUEEN ESTHER Level Richard Bendix, Jr. Dr. Errol Genet THE Melvin Chafetz Michael & Faye Bass Col. Steve Glantz Perry Goldberg Harry Greenwald JEWISH - Bass Philanthropic Fund Dr. Justin Gordon Stanley Berger Greenwald-Haupt Deborah & Harold Graham Arthur Elkins Charitable Foundation COLONIAL Bernard Friedman Graham Family Giving Fund Arthur Harris Wayne Holt Marilyn & Lawrence M. Katz Yechiel Lehavy TRUST Michael Landau Family Fund Michael Lipstein Dr. Zachary Simmons Stephan Kravitz Richard Marcus by David Matlow Yacov Tsachor Mark Lescher Sandra Moss page 30 Jules Meisler Daniel Siegel Dr. Henry Nogid Henry B. & Jonathan I. Stern Howard Rotterdam Dr. Joel Silbert
    [Show full text]
  • Download Volume 5 Issue 1 As A
    i CLS Journal of Museum Studies, Volume 5, Number 1 CLS Journal of Museum Studies, Vol. 5, No. 1. (2011) URL: http://www.ou.edu/cls/jms/ CLS Journal of Museum Studies is currently published online by the College of Liberal Studies, MALS Museum Studies Program, the University of Oklahoma. Your use of the CLS Journal of Museum Studies archives indicates your acceptance of the Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://jms.ou.edu/. Museum professionals, students, and other readers are encouraged to distribute the articles published in this journal as widely as possible, to use them in classes, and to reprint them as needed. For commercial use of any of these articles (e.g., charging for articles, republishing figures, tables, text, etc.), permission must be obtained from the Editor. All questions relating to the journal should be directed to the Editor. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://jms.ou.edu/ Each copy of any part of a CLS Journal of Museum Studies transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or PDF file of such transmission. CLS Journal of Museum Studies is an independent not-for-profit publication dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of scholarly articles in the field of museum studies. For more information regarding CLS Journal of Museum studies, please contact Dr. Michael Mares at [email protected] http://jms.ou.edu/ Publication date: April 26, 2011 i CLS Journal of Museum Studies, Volume 5, Number 1 CLS JOURNAL OF MUSEUM STUDIES Volume 5, Number 1/2011 The CLS Journal of Museum Studies is issued annually (with individual numbers appearing as they are completed) by the College of Liberal Studies, MALS Museum Studies Program of the University of Oklahoma.
    [Show full text]