Winter/Spring 2018 BioOhio The Newsletter of the Ohio Biological Survey

In This Issue A Note From the Executive Director

Hello, Ohio Biological Survey community. in the potentially threatened perennial 2018 Ohio Natural History The beginning of 2018 denotes a transition herb Lupinus perennis. I stayed at BGSU Conference Info...... 2 into a New Year and new leadership for OBS. I to receive a Master of Science in Ecology am Dr. Constance (Connie) Hausman, and I’ve researching the effects of a light gradient on Researchers Identify New been recently appointed as the next Executive the establishment of an Oak Savanna plant Methane-Making Director of the Survey. This is my first BioOhio community. After teaching briefly at Baldwin Microbe...... 3 Newsletter, but before I share a bit about myself, Wallace University, I returned to school for let me first acknowledge a special thanks to my my Doctorate of Philosophy in Plant Ecology OBS predecessors. at Kent State University. My dissertation was Genetics Explain Mosquito The Ohio Biological Survey has been titled “The Ecological Impacts of the Emerald Feeding Preferences...... 4 around for nearly 106 years and to date, I am Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis): Identification just the tenth Executive Director. I inherit a of Conservation and Forest Management Paleontologists Discover legacy of leadership from a line of past Directors Strategies.” Professionally, I am now a Certified Wolf-Sized Otter...... 5 that managed the mission of the survey with Ecological Restoration Practitioner and work unparalleled passion and commitment for for Cleveland Metroparks (CM) as the Plant documenting the rich biodiversity throughout and Restoration Ecologist in the Division New Genus of Mantis Ohio. Our outgoing ED (Greg Smith, Ph.D.) of Natural Resources. I have been with CM with Dimorphic Camo.... 6 served the survey for six years and during for over seven and a half years, developing that time, he helped stabilize our funding and implementing ecosystem assessments and expanded the Ohio Natural History and natural recovery and habitat restoration Why Clovis Points Conference. Greg has been a tremendous help projects. Were Fluted...... 7 to me as I make this transition, and while he On a personal note, I live in Medina with steps away from OBS to focus on his position my husband of 18 years, our two daughters, The Cost of at Kent State University at Stark campus, I two puppies, and a pet parakeet. I enjoy hiking, Algal Blooms...... 8 extend my gratitude for his assistance and wish gardening, listening to my eldest play the flute him well. This newsletter is now an opportunity in the high school marching band, and cheering for me to introduce myself and to remind all of for my youngest as she competes in the Science New Cretaceous you about the mission and work of OBS. Olympiad. Our family shares a passion for Sauropod from Egypt...... 9 I am grateful to serve as the first female being outdoors, and we spend vacations hiking, Executive Director of OBS, and 2018 marks camping, and collecting fossils. Hueston A Closer Look: my first full year of service. However, I have had Woods is one of our favorite spots! Jewelweed...... 11 a long history with OBS that extends back to As I embark on my first year of service, I when I was a student member. I recall attending will be working with the OBS Board and the Ohio Natural History Conference as an Advisory Committee to determine better ways Naturalist and Herbert undergraduate and was fortunate to have to serve our community. We will be evaluating Osborn Award Info...... 12 received the OBS Small Grants to support our small grants program to look at ways to some of my Ph.D. research. In time, I would expand funding that prioritize the mission of eventually join OBS as a Lifetime Member and OBS. Under our current program, proposals Organizational th serve on the Board of Trustees (2013-2017). are still being accepted until February 15 . To Contact Info...... 12 My academic pursuits include Bowling Green find out more information or to apply, visit State University (BGSU), where I received a www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org/projects Bachelor of Science in Biology, studying the We are also currently taking nominations for effect of flowering phenology on reproduction both the Herbert Osborn Award (in honor of

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 1 our founder) and for the Naturalist Award. will travel around the state. A new city biodiversity records as digital resources, These awards honor those professionals host will be selected within each of the and share some stories from Ohio’s in the field that have committed their five physiographic regions. Our first stop contribution. careers to our state’s natural history. is the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau Region In closing, I thank you for your support To nominate someone, please submit in NE Ohio. The Cleveland Museum of of OBS and look forward to working with a letter of support and a copy of their Natural History has generously agreed to each of you as we seek to document and resume to [email protected]. help sponsor the event and will be our host share research about Ohio’s biodiversity Additional information is also available at for the 2018 ONHC, to be held Saturday, and natural resources. I welcome feedback www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org/projects. February 24th in Cleveland, Ohio. All and comment, so please feel free to Our pending publication projects for talks will highlight the unique features reach out to me directly at chausman@ 2018 include a revised Bats of Ohio poster and biodiversity of this region with the ohiobiologicalsurvey.org or stop by and and a new field guide to Ohio fishes, as well assistance of various local researchers. introduce yourself at the next Ohio Natural as our BioOhio newsletter and the peer- We are also pleased to announce our History Conference on February 24th. See reviewed OBS Notes Series. Submissions Keynote speaker, Martin Kalfatovic. you soon! for the OBS Notes are welcome on all Martin works for The Smithsonian as aspects of the natural history of the the Assistant Director, Digital Services flora and fauna of Ohio and the larger Division, and Program Director for the region of which Ohio is a part. If you are Biodiversity Heritage Library (https:// interested in submitting a manuscript, www.biodiversitylibrary.org/). We invited please contact Dr. Gene Kritsky, the Martin to speak at ONHC because the OBS Publications Director, at gkritsky@ Ohio Biological Survey has recently ohiobiologicalsurvey.org. contributed our Biological Survey Notes to As in past years, we will again host the BHL’s Expanding Access to Biodiversity Ohio Natural History Conference. This Literature. Martin is going to introduce year, we will be launching a special series the Biodiversity Heritage Library, describe Connie Hausman of meetings that, over the coming years, the role it plays in preserving historical Executive Director

The 2018 Ohio Natural History Conference

Cleveland Museum of Natural History Saturday, February 24, 2018 8:30 AM – 3:30 PM (Eastern Time)

Keynote Address: Expanding Access for the Local and Global: Increasing Access & Empowering Global Biodiversity Research through the Biodiversity Heritage Library

With the vision of “Inspiring discovery through free access to biodiversity knowledge,” the BHL improves research methodology by collaboratively making biodiversity literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. How BHL grew to a global consortium, the value of citizen science to BHL, and its value to researchers working in Ohio as well as worldwide will be the focus of the keynote talk.

The conference will also feature a number of other talks that highlight the unique natural history of the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau. In addition, there will be vendors and museum exhibits! Register now at www.regonline.com/onhc2018!

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 2 Researchers Identify New Methane-Making Microbe

A study of a Lake Erie wetland suggests that scientists have vastly underestimated the number of places methane-producing microbes can survive—and, as a result, today’s global climate models may be misjudging the amount of methane being released into the atmosphere. In the journal Nature Communications, researchers at The Ohio State University and their colleagues describe the discovery of the first known methane-producing microbe that is active in an oxygen-rich environment. Oxygen is supposed to be toxic to such microbes, called methanogens, but the newly named Candidatus Methanothrix paradoxum thrives in it. In fact, 80 percent of the methane in the wetland under study came from oxygenated soils. The microbe’s Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve. Photo by habitat extends from the deepest parts of a Jordan Angle, courtesy of The Ohio State University. wetland, which are devoid of oxygen, all the way to surface soils. “We’ve always assumed that oxygen In just the last decade, ocean researchers They found that, in some cases, oxygenated was toxic to all methanogens,” said Kelly have seen evidence of methane being soils contained 10 times as much methane Wrighton, project leader and professor produced in oxygenated water, and dubbed as nonoxygenated soils. Then researchers of microbiology at Ohio State. “That the phenomenon the “methane paradox,” sequenced microbe DNA from the soils assumption is so far entrenched in our but no microorganism had been found and assembled genomes for the most thinking that global climate models simply to be responsible. The newly discovered plentiful organism, which turned out to don’t allow for methane production in wetland microbe is the first such organism be the new methane-producing microbe. the presence of oxygen. Our work shows ever found. That’s why Wrighton and her These methane-producing microbes that this way of thinking is outdated, and team named it Candidatus Methanothrix contribute to the fact that although we may be grossly under-accounting for paradoxum. wetlands cover only six percent of the methane in our existing climate models.” The researchers weren’t expecting to Earth’s surface, they account for about one- More work needs to be done before make that particular discovery in November third of all atmospheric methane, estimated researchers can determine exactly how 2014, when they collected soil samples from at 160 million tons—at least, that was the much more methane is out there, but the sites around Old Woman Creek National estimate before this discovery. microbe’s habitat appears to be global. Estuarine Research Reserve, a 573-acre Wetlands are not the villains of the Searching publically available databases, freshwater wetland on the southern point story, though. They do a lot of good for the the researchers found traces of Candidatus of Lake Erie near Huron, Ohio. Their goal environment—from filtering contaminants Methanothrix paradoxum in more than 100 was to map the metabolism of the microbes out of the water to providing a critical sites across North America, South America, that lived there to better understand how animal habitat—and they store much more Europe and Asia. The organism lives in rice methane was being produced in general. greenhouse gas than they emit. Globally, paddies, wetlands, and peatlands—even When doctoral student Jordan Angle wetlands sequester as much as 700 billion as far north as the Arctic. It just hadn’t analyzed the samples, he found something tons of carbon that would otherwise raise been cataloged before, and its unusual strange: Soils that were rich in oxygen global temperatures, were it to enter the metabolism hadn’t been discovered. contained more methane than soils that atmosphere. Researchers have long known that lacked oxygen. “I didn’t believe it, and “Since the late 18th century, 90 percent wetlands are Earth’s largest natural source thought he’d gotten the samples mixed up,” of Ohio’s wetland resources have been of methane. They’ve placed estimates on Wrighton said. destroyed or degraded through draining, the amount of methane produced globally After Angle repeated the experiment filling, or other modifications,” Wrighton based on the notion that only the oxygen- two more times and got the same results, said. “It is imperative, especially for the free portion of any wetland could harbor the team returned to the site over six natural wetlands like this one, that we methanogens. months in 2015, April through October. preserve and protect these resources.”

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 3 Ohio State co-authors on the paper They partnered with Adrienne Narrowe Department of Energy (DOE), including include Gil Bohrer, associate professor and Christopher Miller at the University Wrighton’s DOE Early Career Award. of civil, environmental, and geodetic of Colorado–Denver, David Hoyt of Old Woman Creek National Estuarine engineering, and his former and current Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Research Reserve is run by the National doctoral students Timothy Morin and William Riley of Lawrence Berkley Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Camilo Rey-Sanchez; and senior National Laboratory. and the Ohio Department of Natural researcher Rebecca Daly and doctoral Their work was funded by the Ohio Resources. students Lindsey Solden, Garrett Smith, Water Development Authority, the and Mikayla Borton, all of microbiology. National Science Foundation, and the – Pam Frost Gorder

Flower or Flesh? Genetics Explain Mosquito Preferences

Imagine a world in which mosquitoes choose blossoms over blood. Nice, right? There already exists a mosquito species called Wyeomyia smithii in which most of the bugs refuse blood meals in favor of sweet floral nectar. New research is helping to explain the evolutionary genetics of the switch from blood sucker to flower fanatic. The species, which lives in bogs and is present throughout much of North America, mostly dines strictly on plants. But in Florida there’s a split in the population—some of the bugs go for blood. The researchers, including co-lead author David Denlinger of The Ohio State University, expect that all of the mosquitoes in the species once relied on blood for nourishment and that over Wyeomyia smithii flying into a leaf ofSarracenia purpurea (Bradshaw- time, some evolved to prefer plants. In Holzapfel Lab, University of Oregon) their study, which appears in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they examined the genes of meal, Denlinger said. He suspects that the species in the study can be a nuisance, they the blood eaters and the vegetarians and majority of the species moved away from don’t transmit disease. But there’s potential found differences that made good sense, blood meals because of the associated that this work could one day lead to said Denlinger, professor emeritus of risks—risks that include the aggravated strategies for controlling mosquito-borne entomology. The mosquitoes that still eat patio-sitting human. “Blood meals come illness spread by other species, he said. blood had more genes involved in sniffing at a cost. A person could swat you—even “The next step is figuring out the trigger out odors and fewer genes involved in do you in,” Denlinger said. Furthermore, or triggers that lead to the genetic changes light sensitivity. protein-heavy blood meals are like we saw. It might be a simple molecular “It would make sense that finding blood Thanksgiving dinner: they produce a switch that regulates some of these genes,” meals would depend on odor detection sluggishness, a lack of get-up-and-go that Denlinger said. “If we could somehow shut and that nectar eaters would rely more on in mosquitoes can be counterproductive to off the capability to take a blood meal, that vision to find food,” Denlinger said. staying out of a predator’s way, Denlinger would offer exciting possibilities.” The researchers also found a number said. On top of that, the warm meal is a William Bradshaw of the University of of genes associated with digestion of stressor on the mosquito’s body and can Oregon was co-lead author on the study. proteins in the blood-eating mosquitoes. contain agents that are toxic to the bug. “If Ohio State postdoctoral researcher Julie They examined genetics right as the you could survive without taking all those Reynolds also worked on the project. mosquitoes were about to dine—not risks, there could be some evolutionary after—because they wanted a clear picture advantages,” Denlinger said. – Misti Crane of genetic activity independent of a recent Though the blood-eating bugs of the

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 4 Paleontologists Discover Wolf-Sized Miocene Otter

of a wolf and weighed approximately 110 lbs., almost twice as large as the largest living otters. It had a large and powerful jaw, with enlarged, bunodont (rounded- cusped) cheek teeth. These characteristics appear to have been adaptations for eating large shellfish and freshwater mollusks, both of which were found in abundance at Shuitangba. “From the vegetation and other animal groups found at Shuitangba, we know that it was a swampy, shallow lake with quite dense vegetation,” said Dr. Su. “Multiple otter lineages have low- crowned bunodont teeth, leading us to ask the question if this was inherited from a common ancestor or if this was convergent evolution based on common dietary behaviors across different species,” said Dr. Wang, lead author of the paper. “Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that bunodont dentition independently An artist’s reconstruction of Siamogale melilutra in a Miocene forest. appeared at least three times over the evolutionary history of otters.” Dr. Xiaoming Wang, Curator and the cranium. Instead, we CT-scanned the The completeness of the specimens Head of Vertebrate Palaeontology at the specimen and virtually reconstructed it in a from Shuitangba allows the scientists to Natural History Museum of Los Angeles computer,” said Dr. Su. The CT restoration better understand the evolutionary history County, and Dr. Denise Su, Curator and revealed a combination of otter-like and of otters and specifically this enigmatic Head of Paleobotany and Paleoecology at badger-like cranial and dental feature, genus from the Miocene, of which there the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, hence its species name, “melilutra,” which had been little information. The findings have published a paper with colleagues in refers to meles, Latin for badger, and lutra, from Shuitangba reveal that Siamogale The Journal of Systematic Paleontology on the Latin for otter. belongs to one of the oldest and most discovery of one of the largest otter species Siamogale melilutra was about the size primitive lineages of the otter family, which ever found. This discovery was made in the goes back at least 18 million years in the Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, by form of Paralutra from Europe. an international team of scientists from The scientists are working to understand the United States, France, and China. It other aspects of the life of Siamogale represents groundbreaking research into melilutra. the evolution of a little-known fossil genus of the otter family. This newly discovered species of otter, Siamogale melilutra, belongs to an ancient lineage of extinct otters that was previously known only from isolated teeth recovered from Thailand. The discovery of a complete cranium, mandible, dentition, and various skeletal elements at Shuitangba provides information about the taxonomy, evolutionary history, and functional morphology of this new species. “While the cranium is incredibly complete, it was flattened during the fossilization process. The bones were so A comparison of skull sizes showing (left to right) S. melilutra, a South American delicate that we could not physically restore giant river otter (Pteronura brasilensis), and a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra).

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 5 “The discovery of the otter helps solve give us a more complete picture of its Field research was a collaboration some questions about otter relationships, paleobiology,” said Dr. Su. between Chinese and American Scientists. but has opened the door to new questions,” Support funding was provided by the The Chinese team was led by Xueping Ji said Dr. Wang. For instance, why was it so National Science Foundation, Yunnan (Yunnan Cultural Relics and Archaeology large, how did it crack open mollusks and Natural Science Foundation, the National Institute). The American team was led shellfish for food, and how did it move in Natural Science Foundation of China, the by Prof. Nina Jablonski (Penn State the water and on land? Government of Zhaotong, the Government University), Dr. Jay Kelley (Arizona State “Continued studies by our group will of Zhaoyang, and the Institute of Vertebrate University), and Dr. Denise Su (Cleveland address these fundamental questions and Paleontology and Paleoanthropology. Museum of Natural History).

Camouflage is Sexually Dimorphic in New Genus of Mantis

Adult females and males in a newly identified genus of Latin American praying mantis have evolved sharply different camouflage strategies, according to a Cleveland Museum of Natural History-led study published in the journal ZooKeys. Adult males of the new genus retain the stubby, stick-like body configuration and brown coloration they used as nymphs, whereas adult females, whose bodies grow considerably larger to maximize egg production, transform their appearance to mimic a leaf. They adopt a green color and their forewings are larger and more rounded than the male’s, with veins that simulates a leaf ’s structure. Although adult females are nearly two inches long, the members of this new mantis genus had escaped scientific recognition until recently, in part because While the brown male (left) H. chespiritoi mimics a twig, the female (right; green in life) conceals her broader abdomen beneath leaf-mimicking wings. the disparity in camouflage tactics made (Photo by Henrique Rodrigues.) classification difficult. This shrewdness inspired a portion of the name for the new mantis genus and entomologist and Case Western Reserve spotted the large green female mantis in the species: Hondurantemna chespiritoi. The University biology Ph.D. candidate Paris museum and brought it to attention genus name is derived from Honduras, Henrique Rodrigues. The first male of Cleveland Museum of Natural History where the first female specimen was found, specimen of the new mantis species was Curator of Invertebrate Zoology Gavin and Antemna, a Neotropical mantis to from Mexico, like Bolaños. And the Svenson, Ph.D., an international expert which the new lineage is closely related. signature line of Bolaños’ Red Grasshopper on praying mantises. Dr. Svenson later saw The species name, chespiritoi, is a nod character “kind of reminded me of the fact the small brown male mantis in the San to the late Mexican comedian Roberto that you had this pretty large species of Francisco museum and noted that the two Gómez Bolaños, known as Chespirito, praying mantis that no one had found” for insects, though dissimilar in color and size, or “Little Shakespeare.” One of Bolaños’ many years. had body features that hinted they might TV characters, a goofy superhero called Adult female and male specimens of the be members of the same Antemninae sub- the Red Grasshopper, was fond of saying mantis species were in separate museum family. “¡No contaban con mi astucia!” (Spanish collections in Paris, France, and San But adaptation to similar environments for “They didn’t count on my cleverness!”) Francisco, California, but had remained can cause unrelated organisms to develop when he defeated bad guys. unidentified and their relationshipsimilar features. This phenomenon, called “I grew up watching that TV show” unrecognized for more than two decades convergent evolution, can complicate the in Brazil, says the study’s lead author, because of their dissimilar appearances. process of sorting out connections on the Cleveland Museum of Natural History Entomologist Julio Rivera, Ph.D., praying mantis family tree.

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 6 Dr. Svenson is leading a research project Antemninae subfamily. to more accurately reclassify the massive The recognition of H. chespiritoi shows praying mantis family tree using DNA the important role genetics can play in testing and insights from the insects’ body classifying insect relationships. It also form and features, or morphology. He has highlights the value of museum collections, consolidated many of the country’s major Dr. Svenson says. mantis collections at the Cleveland museum, “When people ask us, ‘Why do you building the Western Hemisphere’s largest collect things?’, it’s because we still have a assemblage of the insects to aid this effort. shockingly small concept of the biodiversity The final pieces of the puzzle that that’s out there,” Dr. Svenson says. allowed the Cleveland researchers to Female nymphs of H. chespiritoi display “Museums are the places that hold that the same brown, stick-like camouflage as identify the new mantis lineage arrived male nymphs. (Photo by Andrew Snyder.) biological knowledge, and we’re pulling by chance. Neil Reid, Ph.D., a lecturer at information out of them all the time.” Queen’s University in Belfast, Northern Ireland, contacted Dr. Svenson, wondering And having the nymphs let the researchers Journal Reference if he wanted to examine a group of see the separate camouflage strategies the unknown praying mantises that Dr. Reid male and female mantises adopted as they Rodrigues, H.R., J. Rivera, N. Reid, had gathered in a Honduran cloud forest. matured. and G.J. Svenson. 2017. An elusive The specimens Dr. Reid provided Rodrigues conducted DNA testing Neotropical giant, Hondurantemna included two adult females and some male that confirmed the mantises were all from chespiritoi gen. n. & sp. n. (Antemninae, and female nymphs in various stages of the same genus and species, which hadn’t Mantidae): a new lineage of mantises development. The adult females looked the been recognized before. The analysis also exhibiting an ontogenetic change in cryptic same as the female from the Paris museum. showed where this new mantis group, or strategy. ZooKeys 680: 73-104. https://doi. The male nymphs closely resembled the taxon, fit on the complex mantis family org/10.3897/zookeys.680.11162 adult male from the San Francisco museum. tree: verifying that it belonged in the

Cutting-Edge Ancient Technology: Why Clovis Points Were Fluted

Approximately 13,500 years after Science, Eren and his co-authors from the shock of colliding with a hard object, nomadic Clovis hunters crossed the frozen Southern Methodist University (Brett such as the bone of a mastodon or bison. land bridge from Asia to North America, A. Story, David J. Meltzer and Kaitlyn This fluted point turned out to be an researchers are still asking questions and A. Thomas), University of Tulsa (Briggs invention that allowed these colonizers to putting together clues as to how they not Buchanan), Rogers State University (Brian travel great distances with some confidence only survived in a new landscape with N. Andrews), Texas A&M University, that their weaponry would hold up at least unique new challenges, but adapted with and the University of Missouri (Michael long enough until they could find the next stone tools and weapons to thrive for J. O’Brien) explain the flint-knapping rock quarry to make new points. thousands of years. technique of “fluting” the Clovis points, “It was risky and couldn’t have been Kent State University’s Metin Eren, which could be considered the first easy to learn how to do this effectively,” Ph.D., director of archaeology and truly American invention. This singular Eren explained. “Archaeological evidence assistant professor in the Department technological attribute, the removal of a suggests that up to one out of five points of Anthropology in the College of Arts large flake from the center of the point to break when you try to chip this fluted and Sciences, and his colleagues are not create a “flute,” is absent from the stone-tool base, and it takes at least 30 minutes to only asking these questions, but testing repertoire of Pleistocene Northeast Asia, produce a finished specimen. So, though their unique new theories. They want where the Clovis ancestors came from. it was a time-consuming process and to better understand the engineering, Archaeologists have debated for years as risky technique, successfully fluted Clovis techniques, and purposes of Clovis weapon to why the Clovis added this flute feature to points would have been extremely reliable, technologies. Specifically, they study stone their points. Basically, it is a groove made especially while traveling great distances projectile points, such as arrowheads and in the base on both sides (perhaps first into unknown regions on a new continent. spear points, made by flint knapping, the made by accident), which logically makes They needed points that would hold up and ancient practice of chipping stone to shape it very thin and brittle. However, after be used over and over again.” it into weapons and tools. several types of testing, the researchers have In their article, the researchers In their most recent article published reported that this thinning of the base can compared standardized computer models online in the Journal of Archaeological make it better able to withstand and absorb of fluted and unfluted points, as well as

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 7 experimental “real-world” test specimens, and found that the fluted-point base does in fact act as a “shock absorber,” increasing point robustness and ability to withstand physical stress via stress redistribution and damage relocation. In other words, upon impact, the brittle base of the spearhead crumples and absorbs some energy, which prevents fatal breaks elsewhere on the point so it could be reused. “It’s amazing to think that people 12,000 years ago were flaking shock absorbers and engineering stone weapons in a way that it took 21st century modern engineering to figure out,” Eren said. “As engineers, we don’t typically get to work with archaeologists, but this project has allowed us the exciting opportunity to provide additional tools from engineering A collection of Clovis point replicas and casts in the archaeology lab at mechanics to explore how fluting affects Kent State University. the behavior of Clovis points,” Story said.

Algal Blooms Cost Ohio Homeowners $152 Million Over Six Years

In a new study, researchers at The Ohio In the first study, he and doctoral to examine state revenue from sport fishing, State University estimate algal blooms at student David Wolf found that property which contributes to a $1.7 billion tourism two Ohio lakes cost Ohio homeowners values near two algae-infested lakes in industry. They found that once algae levels $152 million in lost property value over six the state’s interior fell $152 million from reach a “moderate” threshold as described by years. Meanwhile, a related study suggests 2009 to 2015. Sale prices for homes the World Health Organization (WHO), that algae is driving anglers away from Lake within one third of a mile of a lake fell fishing license sales within 12 miles of Lake Erie, causing fishing license sales to drop at 11 to 17 percent during that time, while Erie dropped 10 to 13 percent. least 10 percent every time a bloom reaches prices for lake-adjacent homes fell more The researchers further simulated what a moderate level of health risk. Based on than 22 percent. A number of additional would happen if a severe algal bloom— those numbers, a computer model projects factors that influence property values were similar in extent to the one experienced that a severe, summer-long bloom would included in the analysis to ensure that the in 2011 which covered 45 percent of the cause up to $5.6 million in lost fishing observed losses in property values were lake—struck Lake Erie today. In that case, revenue and associated expenditures by directly attributable to changes in water the researchers projected that as many as anglers. quality. For example, seasonal trends in the 3,600 fewer recreational fishing licenses Those are the main findings from the housing market, differences in structural would be sold, and as much as $5.6 million first two studies ever to put a precise dollar characteristics across homes, and spatially in associated fishing expenditure would be value on algae impact, both on Lake Erie varying provision of public services such as lost in just one summer. and two recreational lakes in Ohio. One school quality were all controlled for in the The researchers hope their work will study appears in the journal Ecological analysis. give policymakers the information they Economics, and the other in the Journal of Most of the losses were felt by need to address algae prevention and Environmental Management. residents around Buckeye Lake, just east of cleanup. For instance, the state of Ohio has “Our biggest takeaway is that efforts Columbus. There, residents collectively lost already invested $26 million to clean up to prevent and mitigate algal blooms $101 million in home sales over six years. Grand Lake St. Marys, but that amount have real, tangible benefits for Ohioans, Grand Lake St. Marys in northwest Ohio equals only a little more than half of the including property values,” said Allen felt a smaller but still significant loss of $51 lost property value there. The two studies Klaiber, associate professor of agricultural, million. are part of an ongoing project to gauge environmental and development economics Turning to Lake Erie, the researchers not only the costs and benefits of fighting at Ohio State. teamed with doctoral student Will Georgic algae, but also the public’s algae tolerance:

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 8 “People make decisions based on their perceptions, and they get their strongest perception of algae at the beginning, when they first see news stories about the water being unsafe to drink,” Klaiber said. “And that poses a real challenge, because once a lake has an algae problem, it’s really difficult to clean it up enough to make the algae imperceptible again. That’s why we think the biggest ‘bang for the buck’ in regards to state policies would come from preventing algae levels from becoming perceptible in the first place.” For fishing, aesthetics definitely plays a role. At the “moderate” algae level, water becomes noticeably cloudy. And then there’s the smell. “People say it smells like sewage or rotten eggs,” Wolf said. “You can’t miss it.” “These are things that would not contribute positively to the An algae advisory in Sandusky Bay in 2011. Photo by Brenda aesthetics of your walleye trip,” Klaiber added. Culler, Ohio Department of Natural Resources. Ohio is one of the first states to compile this kind of data, because the Ohio EPA set up a special working group in 2008 how much is too much, before people decide to buy homes or go to take precise measures of algal levels in Lake Erie and all fishing elsewhere? major inland lakes. Further, Ohio is a “public disclosure” state, As it turns out, people have a pretty low tolerance for algae. meaning that financial information for all property transfers They devalued a lake property the moment the Ohio EPA and sales are publicly available. Most Ohio county auditors announced that the water was unsafe to drink—the lowest posts the data on their websites, making it easy for anyone to warning level by WHO standards—even though the lakes access. included in the study were recreational and weren’t used for Klaiber and Wolf stressed that they didn’t collect any drinking water. They began fishing elsewhere after the warning information about who owned the houses they studied—just level rose to “moderate” risk for incidental ingestion of the the property values, sale or transfer prices for properties that water. In both cases, higher algae levels didn’t seem to matter. changed hands during the study period, and the distance from Wolf summed it up this way: “What seemed to matter those properties to the affected lakes. most for property value was simply whether the algae levels were perceptible at all, not how bad they got after they became – Pam Frost Gorder perceptible.”

New Cretaceous Sauropod Found in Egyptian Desert

When it comes to the final days of Geology at Mansoura University in “Mansourasaurus shahinae is a key new the dinosaurs, Africa is something of a Mansoura, Egypt. Sallam is the lead dinosaur species, and a critical discovery blank page. Fossils found in Africa from author of the paper published in the for Egyptian and African paleontology,” the Late Cretaceous (100–66 million journal Nature Ecology and Evolution that says Dr. Eric Gorscak, a postdoctoral years ago) are few and far between. names the new species. The field team research scientist at The Field Museum That means that the course of dinosaur included several of his students, many of and a contributing author on the study. evolution in Africa has largely remained whom—Iman El-Dawoudi, Sanaa El- Gorscak, who began work on the project a mystery. But in the Sahara Desert of Sayed, and Sara Saber—also participated as a doctoral student at Ohio University, Egypt, scientists have discovered a new in the study of the new dinosaur. The where his research focused on African species of dinosaur that helps fill in those creature’s name honors both Mansoura dinosaurs, adds, “Africa remains a gaps: Mansourasaurus shahinae, a school- University and Mona Shahin for her giant question mark in terms of land- bus-length, long-necked plant-eater integral role in developing the MUVP. dwelling animals at the end of the Age with bony plates embedded in its skin. According to Sallam, “The discovery and of Dinosaurs. Mansourasaurus helps us The fossilized remains of extraction of Mansourasaurus was such address longstanding questions about Mansourasaurus were unearthed by an an amazing experience for the MUVP Africa’s fossil record and paleobiology— expedition undertaken by the Mansoura team. It was thrilling for my students what animals were living there, and to University Vertebrate Paleontology to uncover bone after bone, as each new what other species were these animals (MUVP) initiative, an effort led by Dr. element we recovered helped to reveal most closely related?” Hesham Sallam of the Department of who this giant dinosaur was.” Late Cretaceous dinosaur fossils

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 9 paleontologists had been searching for for a long, long time.” Also contributing to the Mansourasaurus research were experts on African paleontology from other institutions in Egypt and the US. MUVP student Iman El-Dawoudi played a particularly important role in the analysis of the new titanosaur, making numerous observations on its skeleton. “The combined effort of multiple institutions across the globe, not to mention the absolutely key role played by students on the project from the field, to the laboratory, to the final analysis and writeup of the results, exemplifies the collaborative nature of expeditionary sciences today,” notes An artist’s reconstruction of the newly discovered dinosaur Mansourasaurus shahinae Dr. Patrick O’Connor, study coauthor on a coastline in what is now the Western Desert of Egypt. (Andrew McAfee / Carnegie and professor of anatomy at the Museum of Natural History) Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine. in Africa are hard to come by—much or in South America. This, in turn, shows Funding for the Mansourasaurus study of the land where their fossils might that at least some dinosaurs could move was provided by grants from Mansoura be found is covered in lush vegetation, between Africa and Europe near the University, the Jurassic Foundation, rather than the exposed rock of end of these animals’ reign. “Africa’s last the Leakey Foundation, the National dinosaur treasure troves such as those dinosaurs weren’t completely isolated, Geographic Society/Waitt Foundation, in the Rocky Mountain region, the contrary to what some have proposed in and the National Science Foundation Gobi Desert, or Patagonia. The lack the past,” says Gorscak. “There were still (NSF). of a Late Cretaceous fossil record in connections to Europe.” “The discovery of rare fossils like this Africa is frustrating for paleontologists Mansourasaurus belongs to the sauropod dinosaur helps us understand since, at that time, the continents were Titanosauria, a group of sauropods (long- how creatures moved across continents, undergoing massive geological and necked plant-eating dinosaurs) that were and gives us a greater understanding of geographic changes. During the earlier common throughout much of the world the evolutionary history of organisms in years of the dinosaurs, throughout much during the Cretaceous. Titanosaurs this region,” says Dena Smith, a program of the Triassic and Jurassic periods, all are famous for including the largest director in NSF’s Division of Earth the continents were joined together as land animals known to science, such Sciences, which partially funded the the supercontinent of Pangaea. During as Argentinosaurus, Dreadnoughtus, and laboratory portion of the research. the Cretaceous Period, however, the Patagotitan. Mansourasaurus, however, Scientific discoveries are often continents began splitting apart and was moderate-sized for a titanosaur, compared to finding the last missing shifting towards the configuration we roughly the weight of an African bull puzzle piece to complete a picture; see today. Historically, it hasn’t been elephant. Its skeleton is important Gorscak says that since so little is known clear how well-connected Africa was to in being the most complete dinosaur about African dinosaurs, Mansourasaurus other Southern Hemisphere landmasses specimen so far discovered from the end is better likened to an earlier step in the and Europe during this time—to of the Cretaceous in Africa, preserving puzzle-solving process. “It’s like finding what degree Africa’s animals may have parts of the skull, the lower jaw, neck and an edge piece that you use to help figure been cut off from their neighbors and back vertebrae, ribs, most of the shoulder out what the picture is, that you can evolving on their own separate tracks. and forelimb, part of the hind foot, build from. Maybe even a corner piece.” Mansourasaurus, as one of the few and pieces of dermal plates. Says study “What’s exciting is that our team African dinosaurs known from this time coauthor and dinosaur paleontologist is just getting started. Now that we period, helps to answer that question. Dr. Matt Lamanna of Carnegie Museum have a group of well-trained vertebrate By analyzing features of its bones, of Natural History, “When I first saw paleontologists here in Egypt, with easy Sallam and his team determined that pics of the fossils, my jaw hit the floor. access to important fossil sites, we expect Mansourasaurus is more closely related to This was the Holy Grail—a well- the pace of discovery to accelerate in the dinosaurs from Europe and Asia than it preserved dinosaur from the end of the years to come,” says Sallam. is to those found farther south in Africa Age of Dinosaurs in Africa—that we

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 10 A Closer Look: Jewelweed Story and Photos by Jim Lane

Impatiens capensis, which you might know by the names Spotted Touch-Me-Not or Orange Jewelweed, is a fascinating subject that will bear closer scrutiny. Here we see a leaf of the plant festooned with drops of dew, early in the morning. There are large dew drops glistening in the sun, but what of all those little grains like sand that Flower entrance cover the surface of this leaf? Those are water droplets too. The surface of the leaves of Impatiens capensis are hydrophobic: they cause water to bead up. If you enjoy dawn Leaf and flower photography, it’s worth seeking out Orange Jewelweed for this effect. Dew looks amazing on it. Seen here, with a blossom nearby, the leaves don’t appear to be any different than others. But if you were to hold the leaf under water, it would shimmer. A layer of air bubbles will adhere to the surface of the leaf, giving it a jewel-like appearance underwater. In profile, the flower clearly shows a tail-like end that curls Side view of flower back around, forming a little loop. In order to get into the flower for the nectar, pollinators have to navigate the slight downward pitch of the blossom, ensuring that pollen is deposited on any visitors. Impatiens capensis gets the Touch-Me-Not common name from the fact that its seed pods explode when touched, scattering seeds broadly. Bearing that in mind, it’s easy to see why the plant would be successful. In terms of its significance to humans, scientific research supports that Impatiens capensis is an antifungal agent, and extracts are used to treat fungal infections. Tradition holds that it is a treatment for the effects of the urushiol oil found in poison ivy, but scientific testing of this hypothesis is still forthcoming.

Look for more photos from Jim Lane on Instagram at #MedallionWildlife.

Jewelweed leaf surface

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 11 The Herbert Osborn Award Organizational Members: Contact Information Purpose: The Ohio Biological Survey, in honor of The University of Akron Cedarville University Cleveland State University its founder, established the Herbert Osborn Award Dept. of Biology Dept. of Science and Dept. of Biological, to recognize noteworthy accomplishments and ASEC D401 Mathematics Geological, and service in the field of biology as pertaining to the Akron, OH 44325-3908 251 N. Main St. Environmental Sciences (330) 972-7155 Cedarville OH 45314 2121 Euclid Avenue objectives of the Ohio Biological Survey. The Award fax: (330) 972-8445 (937) 766-7940 Cleveland, OH 44115-2214 is presented on an annual basis, and was initiated in www.uakron.edu/biology www.cedarville.edu (216) 523-7270 1991. www.csuohio.edu ASC Group Central State University Qualifications: Recipients of the Herbert Osborn 800 Freeway Drive North Dept. of Natural Sciences Columbus Audubon Benjamin Banneker Award will be individuals who have made an Suite 101 505 W. Whittier St. Columbus, OH 43229 Science Bldg. Columbus, OH 43215 exceptional contribution through consistent research (614) 268-2514 Wilberforce, OH 45384 (614) 545-5475, ext. 307 publications to the advancement of knowledge fax: (614) 268-7881 (937) 376-6357 [email protected] concerning the occurrence, distribution, taxonomy, www.ascgroup.net fax: (937) 376-6585 www.columbusaudubon.org www.centralstate.edu and/or ecology of the flora and/or fauna of Ohio. The intent of the Award is to recognize relevant Ashland University Metropolitan Park District of Cincinnati Museum Center Dept. of Biology/Toxicology Columbus & Franklin County accomplishments and service over a period of years. (419) 289-5261 1301 Western Ave. 1069 W. Main St. www.ashland.edu Cincinnati, OH 45203-1129 (513) 287-7020 Westerville, OH 43229. OBS Naturalist Award 1-800-733-2077 General Info: (614) 508-8000 Aullwood Audubon Center www.cincymuseum.org www.metroparks.net Purpose: The Ohio Biological Survey wishes to and Farm honor those individuals who have made significant 1000 Aullwood Road Dayton, OH 45414-1129 University of Cincinnati Columbus Natural History

contributions to our understanding and conservation (513) 890-7360 Dept. of Biological Sciences Society of the natural heritage of Ohio. web4.audubon.org/local/ Cincinnati, OH 45221-0006 1982 Velma Avenue sanctuary/aullwood/ (513) 556-9740 Columbus, OH 43211-2497 www.artsci.uc.edu/ (614) 297-2633 Qualifications: An individual selected to receive departments/biology.html columbusnaturalhistory.weebly. the Ohio Biological Survey Naturalist Award will Boonshoft Museum of com Discovery Cincinnati Zoo have worked energetically to acquire or disseminate 2600 DeWeese Parkway and Botanical Garden knowledge, conserve natural areas, and/or foster our Dayton, OH 45414-5499 Columbus Zoo and Aquarium 3400 Vine Street (937) 275-7431 9990 Riverside Drive understanding of the fauna and flora of Ohio. The Cincinnati, OH 45220 www.boonshoftmuseum.org P.O. Box 400 awardee will be an active contributor over a period of (513) 281-4700 Powell, OH 43065 years in pursuit of the activities concerning the natural 1-800-94-HIPPO (614) 645-3550 heritage of Ohio. Bowling Green State University www.cincinnatizoo.org www.columbuszoo.org Dept. of Biological Sciences Bowling Green, OH 43403 Clarion University Small Grants (419) 372-2332 Dept. of Biology Crane Hollow Preserve fax: (419) 372-2024 Clarion, PA 16214 18038 State Route 374 www.bgsu.edu www.clarion.edu Rockbridge, OH 43149 OBS offers small grant programs to support work that (740)438-5777 occurs partially or wholly in Ohio, and that promotes www.cranehollow.org

the Survey’s objectives. The Survey offers this support Brukner Nature Center Cleveland Metroparks 5995 Horseshoe Bend Road 4101 Fulton Parkway to individual members and institutional/corporate Troy, OH 45373 Cleveland, OH 44144 Crawford Park District members from monies derived from a portion of (937) 698-6493 (216) 351-6300 2401 St. Rte. 598 Crestline, OH 44827 dues income. Applicants for individual small grants [email protected] TTY (216)351-0808 www.bruknernaturecenter.com www.clemetparks.com (419) 683-9000 must be current individual members of the Survey or fax: (419) 683-6281 employees/members of the institution or corporation www.crawfordparkdistrict.org Case Western Reserve The Cleveland Museum that is a Survey member. Proposals should be received University, Dept. of Biology of Natural History on or before February 15 of each granting year. 10900 Euclid Avenue 1 Wade Oval Drive Cuyahoga Community College Cleveland OH 44106 University Circle 700 Carnegie Avenue You can find more information, including an application (216) 368-3557 Cleveland, OH 44106-1767 Cleveland, Ohio 44115 fax: (216) 368-4672 (216) 231-4600 (216) 987-2350 form, at www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org/projects/. www.case.edu/artsci/biol/ www.cmnh.org www.tri-c.edu

Ohio Biological Survey - Individual Membership

The Ohio Biological Survey, an inter-institutional agency dedicated to the natural history and conservation of Ohio’s flora and fauna, has opened its membership to individuals. Individual members are entitled to a 20% discount on all Survey publications, will receive the Survey’s newsletter, BioOhio, can participate in hosted or co-hosted workshops, field trips, or lecture series, and are eligible to apply for research monies through the Survey’s Small Grant Program. All dues money will be returned to the membership through these benefits. Dues schedule: Students and Retired Members: $15/year; Regular Members: $25/year; Lifetime Regular Membership: $500; and Lifetime Retired Membership (60 or older): $100. If you are interested in becoming a member, please send your name, address, and dues to Ohio Biological Survey, P.O. Box 21370, Columbus, OH 43221-0370.

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 12 The Dawes Arboretum Hamilton County Park District Malone University Mount Union College ODNR, Division of Parks and 7770 Jacksontown Rd. SE 10245 Winton Road Dept. of Natural Sciences Biology Department Recreation Newark, OH 43056-9380 Cincinnati, OH 45231 2600 Cleveland Avenue NW Bracy Hall 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. C-3 (740) 323-2355 (513) 521-PARK Canton, OH 44709 Alliance, OH 44601 Columbus, OH 43229 1-800-44-DAWES www.greatparks.org 1-800-521-1146 (330) 823-3672 parks.ohiodnr.gov www.dawesarb.org www.malone.edu [email protected] raider.mountunion.edu/bi Heidelberg College ODNR, Division of Wildlife University of Dayton Dept. of Biology Marietta College Dept. of Biology 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G 310 E. Market St. Dept. of Biology and Mount Vernon 300 College Park Columbus, OH 43229-6605 Tiffin, OH 44883-2462 Environmental Science Nazarene University Dayton, OH 45469-2320 (614) 265-6300 1-800-HEIDELBERG Rickey Science Center Biology Deptartment (937) 229-252 1-800-WILDLIFE www.heidelberg.edu 215 S. 5th Street 800 Martinsburg Rd. www.udayton.edu wildlife.ohiodnr.gov Marietta, OH 45750 Mount Vernon, OH 43050 bio.department.marietta.edu Hiram College (740) 392-6868 www.mvnu.edu The Defiance College P.O. Box 67 Ohio History Connection Natural Sciences and Hiram, OH 44234 Marietta College, Barbara A. 800 East 17th Ave. Mathematics (330) 569-3211 Besier Field Station Columbus, OH 43211-2474 701 N. Clinton St. Muskingum College www.hiram.edu/biology Rickey Science Center www.ohiohistory.org Defiance, Ohio 43512 Dept. of Biology 215 S. 5th Street 1-800-520-GODC 163 Stormont St. Marietta, OH 45750 www.defiance.edu Hocking College New Concord, OH 43762 http://w3.marietta.edu/~biol/ School of Natural Resources (740) 826-8220 The Ohio Lepidopterists field_station/fieldstation.html 1315 Kinnear Rd. www.muskingum.edu Denison University 3301 Hocking Parkway Columbus, OH 43212 Dept.of Biology Nelsonville, OH 45764 www.ohiolepidopterists.org Samson Talbot Hall (877) 462-5464 Marietta Natural History The Nature Conservancy Granville, OH 43023 www.hocking.edu Society P.O. Box 983 Indiana Chapter (740) 587-6261 Ohio Northern University Marietta, OH 45750 1505 N. Delaware St., Suite 200 www.denison.edu 525 S. Main Street Holden Arboretum www.marietta.edu/~biol/mnhs/ Indianapolis, IN 46202 Ada, OH 45810 9500 Sperry Rd. mnhs.html (317) 951-8818 EcoAnalysts, Inc. Kirtland, OH 44094 fax: (317) 917-2478 (419) 772-2325 1420 S. Blaine, Suite 14 (440) 256-1110 www.nature.org www.onu.edu Moscow, ID 83843 (440) 946-4400 Marshall University (208) 882-2588 www.holdenarb.org Division of Biological [email protected] Sciences The Nature Conservancy The Ohio Odonata Society www.ecoanalysts.com 1 John Marshall Drive Ohio Chapter 274 East Torrence Rd. John Carroll University Huntington, WV 25755 6375 Riverside Dr., Suite 100 Columbus, OH 43214 University Heights, OH 44118 (304) 696-3148 Dublin, OH 43017 [email protected] Envirotech Consultants, Inc. (216) 397-4294 (614) 717-2770 5380 TWP 143 NE www.marshall.edu/biology fax: (216) 397-4981 www.nature.org Somerset, OH 43783 www.jcu.edu/biology (740) 743-1669 The Ohio Ornithological Miami County Park District Society Fax: (740) 743-1669 2645 East St. Rt. 41 Kent State University Northern Kentucky P.O. Box 14051 [email protected] Troy, OH 45373 Dept. of Biological Sciences University Columbus, OH 43214 www.envirotechcon.com (937) 335-6273 256 Cunningham Hall Dept. of Biological Sciences www.ohiobirds.org fax: (937) 335-6221 P.O. Box 5190 Nunn Drive www.miamicountyparks.com Erie MetroParks Kent, OH 44242-0001 Highland Heights, KY 41099 3910 Perkins Ave. 330-672-3613 (849) 572-5110 Ohio Prairie Association Huron, OH 44839 biology.nku.edu fax: 330-672-3713 Miami University ATTN: K. Roger Troutman (419) 625-7783 www.kent.edu/biology 3360 State Route 546 [email protected] Dept. of Botany 316 Pearson Hall Mansfield, OH 44904-9328 www.eriemetroparks.org Oberlin College www.ohioprairie.org Kenyon College, Brown Oxford, OH 45056 Dept. of Biology Family Environmental Center (513) 529-4200 Science Center K123 University of Findlay 9781 Laymon Rd. fax: (513) 529-4243 119 Woodland St. 1000 North Main Street Gambier, OH 43022 www.miamioh.edu Oberlin, OH, 44074 Ohio River Valley Water Findlay, OH 45840 (740) 427-5050 (440) 775-8315 Sanitation Commission (419) 422-8313 [email protected] new.oberlin.edu/arts-and- (ORSANCO) (419) 434-4822 Miami University 5735 Kellogg Avenue bfec.kenyon.edu sciences/departments/biology www.findlay.edu Dept. of Zoology Cincinnati, OH 45230 212 Pearson Hall (513) 231-7719 Oxford, OH 45056 Lake Erie College fax: (513) 231-7761 Geauga Park District (513) 529-3100 Ohio Bluebird Society 9160 Robinson Road 391 West Washington Street PMB 111, 343 W. Milltown Road www.orsanco.org zoology.muohio.edu Chardon, OH 44024-9148 Painesville, Ohio 44077 Wooster, OH 44691 (440) 286-9516 (440) 296-1856 www.ohiobluebirdsociety.org www.lec.edu The Ohio State University, info@ geaugaparkdistrict.org University of Minnesota Marion Campus www.geaugaparkdistrict.org Dept. of Entomology 1469 Mt. Vernon Ave. Lake Metroparks 1980 Folwell Ave ODNR, Division of Forestry 2045 Morse Rd., Building H-1 Marion, OH 43302 GPD Group Columbus Office 11211 Spear Road 219 Hodson Hall Columbus, OH 43229-6693 (740) 725-6254 1801 Watermark Drive, #210 Concord Twp., OH 44077 St. Paul, MN 55108 (614) 265-6694 osumarion.osu.edu Columbus, Ohio 43215 (440)-358-7275 (612) 624-3636 fax: (614) 447-9231 (614) 210-0751 1-800-227-7275 fax: 612-625-5299 forestry.ohiodnr.gov www.gdpgroup.com www.lakemetroparks.com www.entomology.umn.edu The Ohio State University School of Environment and Great Lakes Environmental MAD Scientist Associates Mount St. Joseph University ODNR, Division of Natural Natural Resources Center (GLEC) 253 N. State Street, Suite 101 Dept. of Biology Areas and Preserves 210 Kottman Hall 1295 King Avenue Westerville, OH 43081-1584 5701 Delhi Road 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. C-3 2021 Coffey Road Columbus, Ohio 43212 (614) 818-9156 Cincinnati OH 45233-1670 Columbus, OH 43229 Columbus, OH 43210 (614) 487-1040 fax: (614)818-9157 (513) 244-4401 (614) 265-6453 (614) 292-2265 www.glec.com www.madscientistassociates.net www.msj.edu www.ohiodnr.com/dnap senr.osu.edu

Volume 25 No. 1 Page 13 Ohio University Metropolitan Park District of The Wheaton Club Dept. of Biological Sciences the Toledo Area [email protected] 107 Irvine Hall 5100 W. Central Ave. buckeyelakebirds.info/the- Athens, OH, 45701 Toledo, OH 43615 wheaton-club/ (740) 593-2290 (419) 407-9700 fax: (740) 593-0300 www.metroparkstoledo.com www.ohio.edu/cas/biosci/ The Wilderness Center, Inc. 9877 Alabama Ave. S.W. Toledo Naturalists’ P.O. Box 202 Ohio University Association Wilmot, OH 44689 Dept. of Environmental and 19800 Sugar Creek Rd. (330) 359-5235 Plant Biology Bowling Green, OH 43402 www.wildernesscenter.org Porter Hall 315 www.toledonaturalist.org Athens OH 45701 (740) 593-1126 The Wilds fax: (740) 593-1130 University of Toledo 14000 International Rd. www.ohio.edu/cas/plantbio/ Dept. of Environmental Cumberland, OH 43732 Sciences (740) 638-5030 2801 W. Bancroft St. MS604 thewilds.columbuszoo.org Ohio Wesleyan University Toledo, OH 43606 Board of Trustees Dept. of Zoology 61 S. Sandusky St. (419) 530-5058 Eugene C. Braig, Ph.D. - Ohio State University Delaware, OH 43015 www.utoledo.edu/nsm/ Wittenberg University (740) 368-3885 envsciences/ 200 West Ward St. Bob Deal, Ph.D. (Secretary) - Shawnee State University www.owu.edu Springfield, OH 45501-0720 www.wittenberg.edu/ Mark Dilley (Chair) - MAD Scientist Associates University of Toledo academics/biology Bob Glotzhober - Ohio Historical Society (retired) Ohio Wildlife Center Stranahan Arboretum 6131 Cook Rd. 4131 Tantara Drive Charlene Hopkins (Student Member) - Ohio University Powell, OH 43065 Toledo, OH 43623 Wood County Park District James Lane (Treasurer) - GBQ Redbank Advisors (614) 734-9453 (419) 841-1007 18729 Mercer Rd. www.ohiowildlifecenter.org Fax: (419) 530-4421 Bowling Green, OH 43402 Jason Larson - Richland County Park District www.utoledo.edu/nsm/ (419) 353-1897 arboretum www.wcparks.org Steve Madewell - Metroparks of the Toledo Area Royal Ontario Museum: Natural History David McShaffrey, Ph.D - Marietta College 100 Queen’s Park The Toledo Zoo The College of Wooster Ryan Stander, Ph.D. - Marburn Academy Toronto, ON Anthony Wayne Trail Dept. of Biology M5S 2C6 2 Hippo Way J.G. Mateer Hall www.rom.on.ca Toledo, OH 43609 931 College Mall Executive Director (419) 385-5721 Wooster, OH 44691 Connie Hausman, Ph.D. - Cleveland Metroparks www.toledozoo.org (330) 263-2379 Otterbein College, Dept. of fax: (330) 263-2378 Biology and Earth Science Business Manager/Publications Director www.wooster.edu 1 Otterbein College Gene Kritsky, Ph.D. - Mount St. Joseph University Westerville, OH 43081 Transystems 5747 Perimeter Dr., #240 (614) 823-1517 Dublin, OH 43017-3256 www.otterbein.edu Wright State University Office Manager (614) 336-8480 Dept. of Biological Sciences www.transystems.com 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway Frank Brockmeyer Ramser Arboretum 235A BH 24565 Danville-Jelloway Rd. Dayton, OH 45435 Corporate Counsel U.S. Fish & Widlife Service (937) 775-2655 Danville, OH 43014 Peter Precario - Precario Law; (740) 501-4166 Ohio: Ecological Services fax: (937) 775-3320 Midwest Biodiversity Institute www.ramserarbor.org Office www.wright.edu/biology 4625 Morse Road, Suite 104 Columbus, OH 43230 Copy Editor/Designer Shawnee State University (614) 416-8993 Xavier University Jessee J. Smith 940 Second Street www.fws.gov/midwest/Ohio Dept. of Biology Portsmouth, OH 45662-4344 3800 Victory Parkway www.shawnee.edu Cincinnati, OH 45207 U.S. Forest Service (513) 745-3807 Wayne National Forest www.xavier.edu/biology/ Stantec 13700 US Highway 33 www.ohiobiologicalsurvey.org 11687 Lebanon Rd. Nelsonville, OH 45764 Cincinnati, OH 45241 (740) 753-0101 Zane State College: Parks, (513) 842-8200 www.fs.fed.us/r9/wayne Recreation, and Wildlife fax: (513) 842-8250 [email protected] 1555 Newark Rd. www.stantec.com Zanesville, OH 43701 U.S. Geological Survey (740) 454-2501 www.zanestate.edu Summit Metroparks Ohio District 975 Treaty Line Rd. 6480 Doubletree Ave. Akron, OH 44313 Columbus, OH 43229-1111 (330) 867-5511 (614) 430-7700 www.facebook.com/ www.summitmetroparks.org fax: (614) 430-7777 OhioBiologicalSurvey oh.water.usgs.gov

Thomas More College twitter.com/ 333 Thomas More Parkway Walsh University Crestview Hills, KY 41017 2020 East Maple Street OhioBioSurvey (859) 341-5800 North Canton, OH 44720 www.thomasmore.edu/biology www.walsh.edu

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