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The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: a Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J
STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 15 The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J. Lamb, with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the unified com- batant commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: President Bill Clinton addressing Croat-Muslim Federation Peace Agreement signing ceremony in the Old Executive Office Building, March 18, 1994 (William J. Clinton Presidential Library) The Bosnian Train and Equip Program The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power By Christopher J. Lamb with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 15 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. March 2014 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. -
Geopolitical and Urban Changes in Sarajevo (1995 – 2015)
Geopolitical and urban changes in Sarajevo (1995 – 2015) Jordi Martín i Díaz Aquesta tesi doctoral està subjecta a la llicència Reconeixement- NoComercial – SenseObraDerivada 3.0. Espanya de Creative Commons. Esta tesis doctoral está sujeta a la licencia Reconocimiento - NoComercial – SinObraDerivada 3.0. España de Creative Commons. This doctoral thesis is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs 3.0. Spain License. Facultat de Geografia i Història Departament de Geografia Programa de Doctorat “Geografia, planificació territorial i gestió ambiental” Tesi doctoral Geopolitical and urban changes in Sarajevo (1995 – 2015) del candidat a optar al Títol de Doctor en Geografia, Planificació Territorial i Gestió Ambiental Jordi Martín i Díaz Directors Dr. Carles Carreras i Verdaguer Dr. Nihad Čengi ć Tutor Dr. Carles Carreras i Verdaguer Barcelona, 2017 This dissertation has been funded by the Program Formación del Profesorado Universitario of the Spanish Ministry of Education, fellowship reference (AP2010- 3873). Als meus pares i al meu germà. Table of contents Aknowledgments Abstract About this project 1. Theoretical and conceptual approach 15 Socialist and post-socialist cities 19 The question of ethno-territorialities 26 Regarding international intervention in post-war contexts 30 Methodological approach 37 Information gathering and techniques 40 Structure of the dissertation 44 2. The destruction and division of Sarajevo 45 Sarajevo: common life and urban expansion until early 1990s 45 The urban expansion 48 The emergence of political pluralism 55 Towards the ethnic division of Sarajevo: SDS’s ethno-territorialisation campaign and the international partiality in the crisis 63 The Western policy towards Yugoslavia: paving the way for the violent ethnic division of Bosnia 73 The siege of Sarajevo 77 Deprivation, physical destruction and displacement 82 The international response to the siege 85 SDA performance 88 Sarajevo’s ethno-territorial division in the Dayton Peace Agreement 92 The DPA and the OHR’s mission 95 3. -
Versary of the Dayton Peace Agreement, This Article Assesses Western Contribu- Tions to the Peace Process in Bosnia
1 onthe second anni- versary of the Dayton peace agreement, this article assesses western contribu- tions to the peace process in Bosnia. The main argument advanced here is that the western powers’-particularly the United States, Britain, and France- were negligent in not preventing and then not quickly ending the wars in former Yugoslavia because they refused to use force to support important principles of international law.2 In their efforts to negotiate an end to the war, and in the subsequent implementation of the settlement brokered by the United States in Dayton, Ohio, in November 1995, the western powers have tended to appease the aggressors at the expense of the war‘s victims. Unless this tendency is reversed and the international guarantors of the Dayton accords seek a just peace, the current fragile peace could be shattered-and with it the prospects for a stable pan-European security system based on a more open NATO with a new mission to stabilize Europe beyond its traditional borders. The western governments’ condoning of the bombing of the Croatian cities of Dubrovnik and Vukovar in the second half of 1991 gave President Slobodan Milogevie a green light to pursue his ambition of creating an ethnically pure Greater Serbia; and by denying Bosnian President Alija IzetbegoviFs many requests for preventive troop deployments in late 1991, the west missed an opportunity to prevent the war from spreading to Bosnia. Then in 1992, by defining a deliberate policy of genocide as ”ethnic cleansing,” and a war of Jane M.O. Sharp directs the Defence and Security Programme at the Institute for Public Policy Research and is a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Defence Studies at King’s College in London. -
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SUNDAY, APRIL 26, 2015 (PAGE 6) DAILY EXCELSIOR, JAMMU From page 1 6 killed, 6 injured as Tavera AIIMS was always meant Nearly 1500 killed in devastating 7.9 magnitude earthquake in Nepal cracks. Many of the city roads plunges into Chenab for Jammu: Dr Jitendra have suffered wide craters in the thanked the unionFinance which was sanctioned this year, impact, affecting movement of Randeep Kumar supervised the Nizam, son of Mohd Zakir, Minister Arun Jaitley for hav- he added. vehicles and rescue operations. entire rescue operation. Rahim, son of Gafoor and Afroz, ing sanctioned an AIIMS for Terming the demand for Army, police and emergency Six injured passengers were son of Gafoor, all the residents of Jammu, at the same time, in AIIMS for Jammu as based on workers were pressed into ser- immediately brought out of the Bihar. The passengers, who are my capacity as Union Minister sound logic, academic reason- vice for rescue of those trapped gorge and rushed to District believed to have swept away in the for North East I thanked him ing and ground evidence, Dr and rushing injured survivors to Hospital Ramban and condition river, have been identified as also for sanctioning a Film Singh said that it deserves to hospitals. Many of the injured of one of them was stated to be Mohd Ashraf, son of Khushi institute for Arunachal be viewed above political lines. could be seen suffering bleeding critical when reports last came Mohd and Mohd Karim, son of Pradesh'', he added. He said those who are trying injuries covered in dust from the in. -
Beyond Cold Peace: Strategies for Economic Reconstruction and Post-Conflict Management Conference Report
Beyond Cold Peace: Strategies for Economic Reconstruction and Post-conflict Management Edition Diplomatie Conference Report Berlin, Federal Foreign Office 27–28 October 2004 ISBN 3-937570-16-0 Beyond Cold Peace: Strategies for Economic Reconstruction and Post-conflict Management Edition Diplomatie Berlin, Federal Foreign Office 27–28 October 2004 Conference Report a publication series of the Federal Foreign Office 2 | Edition Diplomatie · Beyond Cold Peace | 3 Contents Foreword . 6 1 Introduction Hubert Knirsch, Kurt Klotzle, Stefani Weiss . 10 2 Keynote Speeches Joschka Fischer . 15 Lakhdar Brahimi . 22 José Ramos-Horta . 31 3 Contributions to the Working Groups Paddy Ashdown: Identifying Common Themes and Key Factors in Post-conflict Reconstruction Processes . 39 James Dobbins: The US and UN Ways of Nation-building . 43 Peter Eigen: Enabling Local Ownership, Economic Sustainability and Responsive Government: The Cases of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola . 50 Sukehiro Hasegawa: International Donor Coordination, Civil Society and Natural Resource Management . 55 Michael Inacker: The Contribution of International Companies to Long-term Economic Prosperity and Political Stability . 69 Stephan Kinnemann: International Donor Coordination, Civil Society Engagement and the Role of Public-Private Partnerships . 76 4 | Edition Diplomatie · Beyond Cold Peace | 5 Mbuyamu I. Matungulu: Programme Successful Post-conflict Economic Reconstruction: 7 The Unique Role of Local Expertise and Wednesday, 27 October 2004 . 131 Timely Donor Involvement . 80 Thursday, 28 October 2004 . 134 Cornelio Sommaruga: Legal and Political Instruments of International Involvement in Post-conflict Situations . 85 8 List of Participants and Observers Michael Steiner: Legitimacy is Essential: Remarks on Instruments of International List of Participants . 137 Involvement in Post-conflict Situations . -
International Organizations
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY (E.S.A.) Headquarters: 8–10 Rue Mario Nikis, 75738 Paris Cedex 15, France phone 011–33–1–5369–7654, fax 011–33–1–5369–7560 Chairman of the Council.—Per Tegne´r. Director General.—Antonio Rodota. Member Countries: Austria Germany Portugal Belgium Ireland Spain Denmark Italy Sweden Finland Netherlands Switzerland France Norway United Kingdom Cooperative Agreement.—Canada. European Space Operations Center (E.S.O.C.), Robert-Bosch-Str. 5, D–64293 Darmstadt, Germany, phone 011–49–6151–900, fax 011–49–6151–90495. European Space Research and Technology Center (E.S.T.E.C.), Keplerlaan 1, NL–2201, AZ Noordwijk, ZH, The Netherlands, phone 011–31–71–565–6565; Telex: 844–39098, fax 011–31–71–565–6040. European Space Research Institute (E.S.R.I.N.), Via Galileo Galilei, Casella Postale 64, 00044 Frascati, Italy. Phone, 011–39–6–94–18–01; fax 011–39–6–9418–0280. Washington Office (E.S.A.), Suite 7800, 955 L’Enfant Plaza SW. 20024. Head of Office.—Frederic Nordlund, 488–4158, fax: (202) 488–4930, [email protected]. INTER-AMERICAN DEFENSE BOARD 2600 16th Street 20441, phone 939–6041, fax 387–2880 Chairman.—MG Carl H. Freeman, U.S. Army. Vice Chairman.—MG Dardo Juan Antonio Parodi, Army, Argentina. Secretary.—COL Ivan Corretjer, U.S. Air Force. Vice Secretary.—1st LTC Martı´n Terrones, Army, Mexico. Deputy Secretary for Administration.—MAJ Richard D. Phillips, U.S. Army. Conference.—LT Armando Rodriguez, U.S. Air Force. Finance.—Rick A. Diggs, U.S. Army. Information Management.—MAJ William G. -
OHR Bulletin 23 – October 31, 1996
OHR Bulletin 23 – October 31, 1996 No. 23, issued October 31, 1996 Table of Contents Presidency Meeting Further measures concerning the setting up of common institutions of BH were discussed at the Presidency meeting Federation Forum The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina received added impetus following the Federation Special Group meetings held on the 23 and 25 October in Sarajevo. Sarajevo Cantonal Assembly The Sarajevo Cantonal Assembly met on 30 October and accepted that an initiative for changing the Cantonal Constitution would begin. Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs The continued destruction and mining of uninhabited property of minorities has been denounced at the highest levels by senior officials. Freedom Of Movement On 28 October IFOR announced the reopening of the Bosansko Petrovo Selo rail bridge which crosses the Inter-Entity Boundary Line in BH, connecting Tuzla and Doboj. Economic Issues As part of an ongoing series of meetings between businessmen from the Federation and the RS, the OHR chaired a meeting in Trebinje in the Southern Hercegovina region, on 24 October. Please consult our Bulletin Category List for related information Presidency Meeting At the Presidency meeting at the Electro-technical Faculty in Lukavica on 25 October, further measures concerning the setting up of common institutions of BH were discussed. The meeting was hailed by the High Representative, Mr. Carl Bildt, as another positive step along the way to making the joint institutions a reality. A joint statement released at the conclusion of the meeting confirmed that the key offices of BH would be distributed according to the principle of equality between the Federation and the Republika Srpska (RS) and between the three constituent peoples in BH. -
View Header the WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For
This is historical material, "frozen in time." The web site is no longer updated and links to external web sites and some internal pages will not work. View Header THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release January 11, 1996 PRESS BRIEFING BY GENERAL HOWELL ESTES OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF AND SAMUEL BERGER, DEPUTY ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS The Briefing Room 12: 35 P.M. EST MR. JOHNSON: Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the White House Briefing Room. This afternoon we're going to have a special briefing for you today. Samuel R. -- Sandy Berger, the Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and Lt. General Howell Estes, the Director for Operations, or J three for the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff, are going to talk about the President's forthcoming trip and the situation on the ground in Bosnia as we implement the Dayton-Paris Agreement. I'd like to make a couple of points before they begin. The first is, Michael mentioned to you this morning that he would come down at some point and let you know a little bit more about what to expect in terms of the opening statement for this afternoon's press conference. He asked me to tell you that he would come back into your work area at around 2:00 p.m. this afternoon and give you an update on that. The second point I'd like to make is, in this discussion today, as we've made clear all week as we've gotten toward this trip, we're not going to talk about specific locations and we're not going to talk about specific sequences and times for this trip for security and safety reasons. -
01 Introduction.Cdr
O F F I C I A L CATALOGUE 2016 September 23 to 27 HYDERABAD INDIA INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL The World's Biggest Film Carnival at the World's Biggest Film Studio l 2ND EDITION l HYDERABAD NDYWOODl INDIA F LM CARN VAL SEP 24-27, 2016 CREDITS Managing Editor Sohan Roy S.K Chief Editor Nisha Joseph Associate Editor Sumy Mary Kuriakose Contributing Editors Neha Nair Vyshak Prasannakumar Laisy Lal Chief Layout Designer Antony George Associate Designer Abhilash T.S Design Coordinator Shini Rajan ALL LIGHTS INDIA INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2016 CREDITS Managing Editor Sohan Roy S.K Chief Editor Nisha Joseph Associate Editor Sumy Mary Kuriakose Contributing Editors Neha Nair Vyshak Prasannakumar Laisy Lal Chief Layout Designer Antony George Associate Designer Abhilash T.S Design Coordinator Shini Rajan ALL LIGHTS INDIA INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL 2016 MESSAGE MESSAGE M Venkaiah Naidu The Prime Minister is happy to learn that All Lights Film Society is I am delighted to know that All Lights Film Society (ALFS) is organizing organising second edition Indywood Film Carnival from 24th -27th the 2nd Indywood Film Carnival from September 24 to 27, 2016 at September, 2016 in Hyderabad. Ramoji Film City, Hyderabad. It is seemingly planned as an elaborate affair with films ranging across several categories from India and abroad On this occasion, best wishes to the organisers and participants. participating in competitive and non-competitive sections. Items like film appreciation, film bazaar and film tourism have also been included. It is said that there is no business like show business. It is important that content quality and commercial interests of films should be in balance.