-.o..::~ o : 2/PSSC So~"ial .. Science Information January 1975

Editors' notes alone, i.e, by creating disease in the minds raised in the minds of the suffering "tax . of the people so as to perpetuate their paying'" masses was, "Why did develop­ power. The sorry piight, crisis and retarda­ ment not take place in Pathan, India when tion of human society today is due to this. so many scholars were there? " The reason According to a thesis entitled Theory Such theories existed in the past and is the influence of the Nyaya philosophy and Pra ctice by Shrii P.R. Sarkar,lndia's even today in good number. For example, on life-a philosophy divorced from prac­ emerging intellectual and spiritual titan, a Mixed Economy. Those who know it, ticality. theory which precedes practice invites sev­ know it well that it is all a farce. It was The third main factor of a theory is in­ eral difficulties in its materialization while neither done in the past nor will it be ever efficiency in the field ofapplication. Even a theory that succeeds practice can be done. Its practication can never be done if the theory is correct, this is not prac­ materialized even with a little effort. Sim­ nor are its exponents particular about it tically materialized due to inexperience ply the time factor will remain, depending nor will they be because their internal and other inefficiencies. Sometimes a man on the nature of the effort applied. If more motive is simply to cheat the people. is efficient and successful in individual life, efforts are made it will be materialized in a Peaceful existence is another of its kind ­ but in collective life he is unsuccessful. short time and in case of less effort it will it was neither done nor is done, nor will be The fourth factor is environmental dif­ j take a little more time. But definitely it done. Democratic Socialism is yet another ficulty. At this stage, the hypocrite's must be materialized. as socialism can never be established on a psvchologv, the theoretician's psychology When theory succeeds the practice, the democratic platform. Behind this works and the Inefficiency in the field of appli­ practical world is first observed then the the hypocrite's intellect, one of the four cation do not work. In this case when a theory is made. As for instance, the apple reasons for the failure of a theory. theory is expounded, the expounder re­ fell down then the theory came into being, The next one is theoretician's psycho­ mains in a particular mental environment. not that the apple fell as per the theory. In logy. Here the hypocrite psychology does He creates a world in the mind and applies such a case, where theory follows practice, not apply. When theoreticians expound a the theory on his own mental plane, as for that becomes practicable. theory, they do not look at the world or at instance, Marxism. The expounder did not Now if the correct effects of the theo­ the practicality of their theory. They do lack in efficiency and sincerity. The theory ries be mingled, then a new resultant in the not see what is underneath their feet and which he created in his particular mental form of a new theory comes into being. instead build castles in the air because they environment is correct in a way. But the However when the practicality springs have no concern with reality. Although crust of the earth and the mental environ­ up after theory, the theory mayor may man's life is trifarious - physical, mental, ment are certainly not similar. The crust of not be materialized. The trial to materia Ii ze and spiritual, the logicians only remain the earth is hard indeed. So when Marxism theory is of four kinds. The success and confined to the intellectual realm, they do came into the practical world it was a total failure of tne theory depends upon these not enter the physical or spiritual spheres. failure. The theory was, of course correct four. Due to this there exists no effort in them in the created intellectual environment but The first one is hypocrites psychology. to materialize the theory into practice. So in practice it was found not at all in conso­ A hypocrite (many politicians fall in this first the theory is impractical and second nance with the intellectual environment. category) makes a theory but while giving they do not have any effort to materialize To illustrate further, you can create in it, his object is not to materialize it. By it. your psychic field, that in the Ganges Ri­ exploiting the name theory he serves his For example, in Medieval-India, the in­ ver, there is no water but milk. You then own purpose and that of a group. The fluence of Gautama Nyaya philosophy on go on planning for making a wide variety theory will never be materialized as there is the then life, a philosophy divorced from of dainty sweets and candies out of the even no effort to materialize it. The main practicality, caused so many scholars to mentally created milk and plan for exports purpose of the proponents is simply for uselessly research year after y~r on ques­ to solve the foreign exchange problem. But show and not to solve the problem. They tions like "whether the oil is in the pot or the reality is that there is water in the want to misguide the people by tall talks the pot in the oil?" A question naturally Turn to page 23

~ Social Science ~ INFOBMiiTI01V

Staff' The PSSC is a nonstock, nonprofit, pri­ The PSSC Executive Board for 1974 are: vate association of Philippine social science Armand V,Fabella, chairman: Loretta M I Dennis G. Teves, editor organizations. Incorporated in 1968, itwas Leni'S. Diaz NSDB-certified as a tax exempt science Sicat, vice-chairman; OscarM Alfonso, sec­ Rebecca T. Ducusin foundation in 1973. retary-treasurer; and Rodolfo A. Bulatao, Mercedes B. Concepcion, Consuela L. ·A quarterly newsletter published by the The Council has since January 1972 Gutierrez, Raul P. de Guzman, Gloria D. PHILlPP1NE SOCIAL SCIENCE COUN­ been engaged' in 13 special programs of re­ Feliciano. Patricia B. Licuanan, Telesforo CI L '(PSSC) 53 - C, Roces· Avenue, search, training, and publications assistance W. Luna, Jr., Frank Lynch, CristinaP.Parel QUezon City; p.O. Box 655, Greenhills, aimed at making Philippine social science and Emy M. Pascasio, members. Executive 'Riza13113. Tel. No. 99-97-64. more professional; relevant, and rewarding. Secretary isDennis G. Teves. psse Social Science Information January 197:5/3

Readers' comer 'Calendar ,Announcements

Most of my students in the Philippine Col­ Jan. 15 - 17 ~ Seminar-Workshop for Fellowships for MA lege of Commerce feel that political science has Guidance Counsellors and Registrars at the and Ph.D in, Eco fallen into desuetude since the advent of the Continuing Education Center, UP at Los New Society. May we request that revealing Balios. Sponsors: Association of Colleges of. articles in Political Science be published more Agriculture in the Philippines (ACAPI al1d The UP School of Economics has announced regularly - particularly the views of prominent the Agricultural Development Council (ADCI. that applicetions are now being accepted for Filipino political scientists regarding the re­ admission and fellowship to the Master of Arts levance of Political Science in the New Society Jan. 16 - First Session: PSS Public Lecture md Ph.D. in Economics Program of tha uni­ (aside from the study of the new Constitution Series on "Strategies for Development" versity for academic year 1975-76, The fellowships provide full or partial fi­ as a Political Science subject I. Sponsor: 'Philippine Social Science Council. nancial assistance to qualified students to enable Buenaflor C. Martinez Jan. 20 - 25 - 2nd Lecture Series on the them to devote full time to their studies. Philippine College of Commerce Constitution of the Philippines entitled "The, Dr. Edita Tan, chairman of the Gradu'ate Sta. Mesa; Manila Government Under the 1973 Constitution," Admissions and Fellowship Committee said the Sponsor: UP Law Center. primary objective of the graduate progrllll iSI to train promising young men and women for Jan. 23 - 2nd Session: PSS Public Lecture service in economics, especially as teachers in CORRESPONDENCE Series on "Strategies for Development" colleges and universities or as researchers in Topic: "Regional Thrust and National government and private industry. Readers are invited to write in their com­ Growth. According to her, a fairly large number of ments, suggestions and queries to the editor fellowship grants are evailable to Filipino and with the hope of establishing a forum for the Jan. 24 - 2nd Sociology Seminar Lecture on Southeast Asi,an students for the academic year exchange of ideas among readers. "The Development of Sociology and Social 1975-76. I Research in the Arab World," to be held at ! Interested parties may inquire further from: 1 Say it with sweetness the UP FC 2102 - 2104, 4:30 p.m. Guest 1 Say it with bitterness speaker: Dr. George Weightman. I But you must have your say Dr. Edfta Tan 1 Chairman I 1 Jan. 30 - 3rd Session: PSS Public Lecture Graduate Admissions and Editor I Series on "Strategies for Development" Fellowship Committee I Topic: Staying Where the Action Is: Re­ I UP School of Economics I location Within the City. Dilimen, Quezon City I PSSC placement serviCe I Feb. 6- 4th Session: PSS Public Lecture Series I',I on "Strategies for Development" Topic: Unlearning the Old to Learn the New: Issues Graduate degree programs Positions open in Education. offered at ARI Feb. 13 - 5th Session: PSS Public Lecture The UP School of Economics, Institute of Series on "Strategies for Development." Economic Development and Research needs im­ Topic: Cooperatives: Bayanihan Gone Mod. The Agrarian Reform Institute, UP at lOS mediately: Bafios is currently offering two graduate degree • Human nutritionist: to design dietary sur­ Feb. 17 - 21 - 1st Phase of a Policy programs in agrarian studies. veys, train and supervise researchers. Ex­ Conference on the Mindanao Question to be The new degree programs, Master of Arts in perience preferred: survey work in rural held lin, Cagayan de Oro City. Sponsor: Agrarian Studies and Master of Agrarian Studies areas. are being instituted in response to. the increasingl' • Social Scientist-field supervisor: to design Mindanao Executive Development Academy socio-economic surveys, train and super­ (a joint Mindanao State University and Uni· need for senior researchers and professionals in' vise researchers. Experiem;e preferred: sur­ versity of the Philippines prolect), agrarian reform in the Philippines brought about: vey work in rural areas. by the unprecedented government action on the I • Secretary: experienced typist, fluent in Feb. 20 - 6th Session:' PSS Public Lecture project. English, handle phone calls. Series on "Strategies for Development," ASI scholarship program • Progremmer: to handle large data bases, Topic: Population Decisions: The Couple or work with latest hardware and software the State? The Asian Social Institute (ASI) of the systems. Philippines has' announced the opening of ap­ Salary commensurate with experience, Send Feb. 22 - 1st regular quarterly reunion of the pli cations for its scholarship program for school­ biodata, education, work experience to: College, Editors' Guild Alumni Association at years 1975-76 and 1976-77. the Hotel Intercontinental. Guest speaker: These scholarships are open to 1111 Asian Sixto Roxas III on "The Prospects of Our students in the following field: MS Sociology, Dr. Barrv Popkln National Economy vilre-vis the Current In­ MS Economics, MS Social Work and BS'Social MCCP.O. Box 1169 flation Obtaining in the Western World," Maketl, Rlzal3117 Work. Preference will be given to applications frrm Feb. 22 - 25 - 2nd Phase of a Policy Con­ countries or dioceses for a team of four scholars ference on the Mindanao Question to be who will each enroll in the four fields of study. held in Manila. Sponsor: Mindanao Exec­ Applicants are required to have: Institutions and individuals may send utive Development Academy. particulal'$ to: 1. A bachelor's degree or its equ ivalent; I Mar. 25 '- Panel at the annual convention of 2. Willingness to involve oneself in social Placement Service the Association for Asian Studies on the .actlon in one's province, diocese or COUll­ 53-e, RacesAve., Q. c. topic; "The United' States and the Third try; World: The Case of the Philippines. Turn to page24 4/PSSC Social Science Information January 1975

PSSC National Survey 1974

Selected areas of national development By Emma Poria and Gloria A. Fernandez

The concept of national development each for Bacolod, Cebu and Davao; and 25-30 dwelling units per block. Ten blocks implies a concern for greater agricultural 200 each for Naga, Tuguegarao, lIagan, were randomly drawn from each urban site and industrial productivity, higher gross Tacloban, Dumaguete, Iloilo, Ozamis r Co­ and 12 blocks from each rural site to serve national product, more reliable political tabato, Jolo, Laoag and Cabanatuan. Ex­ as the basis for household interviewing. stability, more equal distribution of in- cept for Metro Manila, respondents were to Residential enclaves, i.e., extremely . come, and other economic and political be divided into rural and urban residents. poor or uniformly wealthy areas as evi­ concomitants of modernization. Fieldwork in 13 of the areas was done by denced in the physical appearance of the However, it should be noted that there trainees of PSSC research centers located in houses, and commercial districts were ex­ are other components that focus on the the areas. In the absence of PSSC centers in cluded from the sampling blocks. state of the citizenry at the household Laoag and Cabanatuan, researchers from The sampling unit of the survey is the level. Family life situations, people's aspi­ the Institute of Philippine Culture (lPC), household. Starting with a randomly cho­ rations and perceptions of their personal which was commissioned to undertake the sen household, the rest of the sample and community environments, their views overall study, conducted the fieldwork. households were drawn systematically until of how government programs are faring The original sample design was modified the specified number for each block was and what priorities are to be followed also as a result of problems encountered in the obtained. Household heads were inter­ constitute important facets of develop­ field. The projected sample size of 3,500 viewed, whenever possible alternately male ment. Ultirnatelv.the measure of a people's was reduced by 13 owing to protocols lost and female, In the absence of the house­ hold head, the oldest son or daughter was progress emerges in the judgments they in transit. Although the respondents in taken as a substitute. make about themselves, their home com­ each' site were to be equally divided by munity and their nation. rural/urban residence, the peace and order This sampling procedure was followed This survey was conducted in line with problem in Jolo at the time of the survey .by all the research centers except those in I one of the aims of the Philippine Social prevented the Jolo research teams from Cebu, The Social Science Research Center Science Council's (PSSC) research program interviewing rural residents. Furthermore, of Silliman University, Dumaguete City of eliciting information considered by Phil­ difficulty in arranging interviews with male drew its urban and rural sample population ippine social scientists as necessary for a household heads resulted in an increase of from a list of households provided by the better understanding of their society. It 60 female respondents and a decrease of 73 Department of Health. The Office for I focuses on family life; perceptions of life, males resulting in a total of 1,810 female Social Research, University of San Carlos the national situation and socioeconomic and 1,677 male respondents. chose its urban respondents from a list conditions; and the awareness of and prio­ For purposes of the study, the town or suppl ied by the Commission on Population rities given togovernment programs and ac­ city where the research center is located and the Bureau of the Census and Statis­ tivities. was designated as urban. A barrio 30-40 tics, and its rural respondents from lists of minutes ride from the research center with­ voters supplied by the Commission on METHODOLOGY in the same town or municipality was con­ Elections. sidered rural. The survey was conducted in 15 areas A 27-page interview schedule consisting all over the country to ensure regional re­ The sampling area was mapped and divi­ of 67 major items drafted in English and presentation. The original design called for ded into sampling blocks: in urban sites Tagalog was sent to all research centers for a total of 3,500 respondents distributed as area blocks consisted of 50-60 dwelling translation into the local dialect and for follows: 400 for Metropolitan Manila; 300 units; and rural counterpart called for duplication. It contained questions on: (1) respondents' background character­ istics, (2) family life, (3) perceptions of personal and national situations, and of socioeconomic conditions, and (4) aware­ ness, attitudes and perceived priorities among government programs and activities. The interviewing period lasted from December 1973 to March 1974 for most of the sites except Metro Manila, which com­ menced interviewing in November 19731 and finished in April 1974. The average duration of interviews was one hour, the longest being one hour and 30 minutes in Dumaguete, and the shortest 45 minutes in Metro Manila. Two hundred eighty-four interviewers" mostly undergraduate social science! students of PSSC trainees, participated inl <, -""lsse Social Science Information January 1975/6

the data gathering. Thirty-two PSSC More than half, 2,037, or 58 percent of respondents who together constitute 95 trainees acted as field supervisors along the respondents, come from urban areas. percent of the sample population have an with two field supervisors from IPC. while the remaining 42 percent or 1,450 average number of five children. The small· Editing of the completed interview sche­ respondents live in rural areas. Fifty-two est family has one child while the largest dules was done on two levels: first by the percent, or 1,820, of the sample are fem­ has 21 children. The latter is the family of PSSC-trainee field supervisor and second, ale; 48 percent, or 1,667, are male. The a Jolo respondent who is 54 years old, has by the IPC research assistants before mean age is 43 years old; the youngest res­ two legal wives and has been married for coding. pondent being 13 years of age and the old­ 35 years. Complete information on each res­ est 89 years. The households covered by the survey pondent is stored in three cards. Owing to A majority of the respondents (87 per­ have an average membership of seven. The the bulk of the cards, the information was cent of the total sample) are married, the smallest household has one member, the further recorded on magnetic tape to faci­ respondents being household heads. The largest has 40 members coming from the litate computer processing. Using the Sta­ rest are single ,( 5 percent) widows or same Jolo respondent with 21 children. It tistical Package for the Social Science widowers (7 percent) or separated (1 per­ consists of five couples, all related by (SPSS) programs, marginals for all variables cent), blood or affinity, .living under one roof, were run to get a profile of the national with each couple having an average of six sample population. After ascertaining the Educational attainment children. distribution of some selected variables, Slightly over one-third or 34 percent Occupation and income they were further run on a crosstab using have incomplete elementary schooling; 13 urban-rural residence as the control vari- percent dropped out during secondary Nearly one-third (32 percent) of the res' able. FINDINGS schooling; and only 10 percent finished pondents are either housewives or retired The survey results were classified into high school. The remaining 26 percent con­ persons. The next largest group is corn­ posed of farmers, fishermen, and related four sections namely: (1) respondent cha­ sist of those who failed to complete col­ racteristics; (2) family life; (3) perception lege, those who completed college and workers (19 percent) followed by crafts­ of personal and national situations and of those who underwent postgraduate studies, men, production processing workers and socloeconornlcs conditions; and (4) aware­ The urban group is much better edu­ laborers (16 percent), and sales workers (14 percent), Professionals constitute only ness of and perceived priorities among gov­ cated than its rural counterpart. Fifty-three 7 percent while clerical and administrative ernment programs and activities. percent of the rural residents fall into the "incomplete elementary" category as com­ workers comprise four and two percent res­ RESPONDENT CHARACTERISTICS pared to 20 percent of urban residents. On pectively. The r.est of the sample includes The respondents, a total of 3,487, come the other hand, the latter group reports 51 transportation and communication work­ from the 15 aforementioned sites distri­ percent of its members as having obtained ers, those engaged in services, and others. buted as follows: 40 percent from Luzon, high school education or above, in contrast Most of the respondents cluster around 35 percent from the Visayas, and 25 per­ to only 13 percent among the former. occupations with little financial reward. cent from Mindanao. Table 1 shows the Nearly half (45 percent) are employed full­ Family and household membership distribution of the respondents by research time while 16 percent work part-time. The site and center. The married, widowed and separated Turn to next page

Table 1. Respondents classified by research site and center

Research site and center Number Percent Luzon Manila, Philippine Christian College 398 11.4% Naga, Ateneo de Naga 200 5~7 Tuguegarao, St. Paul's College 200 5.7 Ilagan, St. Ferdinand College 200 5.7 Cabanatuan, Institute of Philippine Culture 200 5.7 Laoag, Institute of Philippine Culture 200 5.7 Visayas Bacolod, Negros Occidental Research Bureau 300 8.6 Cebu, University of San Carlos 300 8.6 Iloilo, Central Philippine Univer.sity 200 5.7 Tacloban, Divine Word University 200 5.7 Dumaguete, Silliman University 200 5.7 Mindanao Davao, Ateneo de Davao 290 8.3 Cotabato, Notre Dame University 200 5.7 Ozamis, Immaculate Concepcion College 200 5.7 Jolo, Notre Dame of Jolo College 199 5.7 Total 3,487 100.0% 6/PSSC Social Science Information January 1~ I I remaining 38 percent are either housewives over his son more than does his urban the parental couple (18 percent), the pa­ i or retired persons. counterpart. rents and child jointly (12 percent}, hus­ I Thirty-seven percent of the employed band alone (8 percent), wife alone (6 per­ Disciplining daughters respondents get regular monthly incomes; cent), and others (1 percent). 21 percent receive their earnings sporadi­ As regards the discipline of daughters, 1 cally; 19 percent, seasonally; 17 percent, decisions are made either jointly by the' .Urban respondents leave the choice of daily and 6 percent weekly. husband and wife (46 percent), by the wife academic course to the child more than do The respondents earn a mean monthly alone (36 percent). The husband as sole de­ rural respondents (58 and 50 percent). As income ofP361, buttheir median income is cision- maker in disciplining daughters for joint decision-making' by parents and about P200. The mean household income accounts for only 15 percent of the res­ child, urbanites (14 percent) again over­ ranges from P300·399 monthly. Urban pondents. The eldest son or daughter, or Shadow ruralities (9 percent). In comtrast, monthly income is much higher than Jural, others make up the two percent remainder. 24 percent of the rural respondents state that the choice of academic course is made the average being P505 and P156 respect­ Location of respondent's residence jointly by the parental couple compared to ively. appears to have a bearing on decision­ only 14 percent of the urban respondents. To summarize, a typical respondent of making relative to the discipline of the survey is 43 years old, married, has five daughters. Urban respondents report more Choosing children's friends children, and has not completed an elernen­ joint decisions made in the discipline of Children are generally free to choose tary education. He or she comes from a daughters (49 percent), compared to the their own friends, according to 71 percent 'j household whose average monthly income rural sample (43 percent). More rural res­ of the respondents. Only a small percent- ranges from P300·399. pondents (38 percent) say that only the age report that both parents and child I mother disciplines the female children make this decision (12 percent). Alternate FAMILY LIFE I compared to urban respondents (35 per­ minor patterns have the parental couple (9' I Decision making in the family cent). percent) ,or the mother alone (5 percent) I To gain an insight into some aspects of Comparing the disciplining of sons and or the father alone (2 percent) do so. In- \ Filipino family life, information was daughters, one finds that where sons are terestingly rural respondents seem to be 'I sought on the main decision-makers in concerned, fathers alone take on th is activ­ slightly more flexible in this matter, since seven areas of family living, activities gen· ity more than the mother. Conversely in 74 percent of the latter as compared to I erally shared by family members, values the case of the daughters, the situation is only 68 percent of the urban respondents preeminent in child-rearing, and dominant reversed, with the mother more frequently allow their children to choose their friends. attitudes towards working mothers. involved than the father. These patterns are Respondents were asked to name the more pronounced in urban than in rural Budgeting household expenditures decision-makers in each of the following families. But regardless of location, where A majority have the wife alone planning selected family situation: (1) discipline of discipline is undertaken by one parent, it household expenditures (60 percent). Hus­ sons, (2) discipline of daughters, (3) choice tends to be the parent of the same sex as band and wife do so in 26 percent of the of children's schools, (4) choice of child­ the child. cases, while the other 14 percent say the ren's course of study, (5) choice of child­ budget falls into the husband's domain ren's friends, (6) budgeting household ex­ Choosing children's school alone, or thatof the eldest son or daughter, penditures, and (7) planning family in­ Only 17 percent of the sample state that or others. vestments. they allow their children to choose which Urban respondents (64 percent) signifi­ school to attend. Almost half (44 percent) cantly more than rural respondents report Disciplining sons consider this a joint parental decision. AI· that the wife alone plans the household ex­ The survey indicates that discipline of ternatively, the wife selects the child's penditures (64 percent versus 55 percent). male children tends to be done either joint­ school (16 percent) or the husband does so ly by the husband and wife (43 percent) or (14 percent). Only 9 percent make this a Planning family investments by the husband alone (37 percent), Seven­ matter on which both parents and child teen percent state that the decision is rele­ confer. The joint parental decision pattern again gated to the mother alone, while the re­ The rural respondents more than urban appears in the planning of family Invest­ maining two percent leave it to either the respondents (47 vs. 41 percent) say that rnents and business ventures. Husbandl and eldest son, eldest daughter or others. the choice of school is usually decided wife dec'ide jointly in 43 percent 'ot the A slightly different pattern appears in upon jointly by the couple. However, a cases. Roughly one-third (32 percent! say rural versus urban areas. More rural respon­ slightly higher percentage of urbanites (18 the husband alone decides on these matters dents report that the father disciplines vs. 15 percent) state that the choice of while 21 percent cite the wife, and! the \ ' sons. Rural residents who enforce dis­ school is decided by the child alone or say other 4 percent mention the eldest son, cipline through both husband and wife' that the decision is made jointly by both daughter, or others. Urban or rural resi­ \I equal those where husbands alone do the parents and child (11 vs. 7 percent). dence apparently makes no difference in disciplining (41 percent). Among urban res­ this regard. I idents, however, discipline by both husband Choosing children's course of study and wife (45 percent) is more frequent Contrary to tne trend indicated in Summary of decislon-makinq roles than discipline-by the husband alone (34 school selection, which is largely decided Out of the seven areas of decision­ percent). by husband or wife jointly or singly, more making then, four mostly involve joint In general, the discipline of sons tend to than half of the sample (54 percent) say parental decisions, namely, disciplining be a shared responsibility of husband and that the child has the privilege of choosing sons and daughters, choosing a school: for wife among both urban and rural couples; which course to take .. The remainder indi­ the children, and deciding on family invest­ but the rural father exercise sole authority cate that the decision is usually made by ments or business ventures. The children PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/1

themselves generally choose their own they think of working mothers in general. the survey. In addition, the people's per­ friends and course of study. Wives alone Those respondents who are acquainted ceptions of life situations in general - thein tend to manage household budgets. with at least one working mother (73 per­ own judgment as to how they and the nation cent) say those they know are engaged in stand at present compared to 5 to 10 Activities shared by family members teaching (35 percent], clerical jobs (17 per­ years in the past and 10 years in the future! cent), selling (13 percent), farming (10 Per­ - were investigated. The sharing by family members of acti­ cent), service "Occupations (9 percent), and These perceptions of the conditions ofl vities other than familial tasks also cons­ home industries (7 percent). Only 4 per­ life in general were obtained through the! tituted an area of investigation. Further, cent cite working mothers engaged in pro­ use of Hadley Cantril's (-19651 self-anchor-' the study attempted to identify the kinds fessional occupations like medicine, nurs­ ing scale. This technique allows measure-, of activities shared by husbands and wives ing, social work, chemistry, law, and ac­ ment of the people's expectations accord­ as well as those they share with the child­ counting. Some 27 percent report not ing to their own subjective references ren. knowing any working mother. rather than the researcher's imposed crite­ A large majority of respondents (70 per­ Working mothers known by rural res­ ria. It utilizes a 0·10 ladder scale, step zero cent) share extrafamilial activities with pondents tend to be in teaching, farming, representing the worst possible life and step their spouse. Of these, 40 percent cite re­ or selling. Urban respondents, on the other 10, the best possible life. creation activities, while 20 percent men­ hand, focus more heavily on teaching, cleri­ Personal happiness tion special occasions like parties and fies­ cal work and selling; they also know more Most respondents say they are fairly tas, or visiting relatives and neighbors. Ful­ women in the prcfessions than do rural res­ happy (68 percent), some even being very filling religious obligations such as atten­ pondents. happy (14 percent). Only one out of five ding Mass, novenas and prayer vigils to­ The majority (54 percent) believe that indicates unhappiness. gether, and shopping and occupational acti­ women should occupy positions beyond Asked to compare their current level of vities like barangay and PTA meetings re­ that of .strictlv housework. Nonetheless, happiness with that of the previous year, present the shared activities of others (15 fully 41 percent favor the solely housewife half of the respondents say they feel about percent each). Three out of 10 respondents role, while a few (5 percent) say that it as happy or as sad as now. Twenty-eight report sharing no activities with their depends on her training, personality, and percent believe themselves to have been spouse beyond those strictly within family the type of job available. Preferences are happier a year ago, while the remaining 20 confines. expressed for her to engage in clerical or percent disclose they are happier now. Although not as frequent as joint couple office work (17 percent), handicraft or Personal and national situations activity shared extrafamilial activities home industries (13 percent), teaching (9 On the whole, the respondents appear among spouses and children are undertaken percent), and selling (8 percent). Farming, to be fairly optimistic about their personal by 57 percent. These activities are most service occupations, other professional and life as well as of the national situation 0­ commonly recreational in nature, like wage-jobs each rate 1-2 percent. ver the years. Respondents' life5 years earlier going to the movies or picnicking (40 per­ Most respondentsfrf percent) are of the as well as the national situation 10 years cent), or special occasions like parties and opinion that it is good for women to work, earlier rate one step lower than the current fiestas (21 percent). Religious activities giving financial, psychological, and profes­ situation. Conversely 'they anticipate both account for 20 percent. sional reasons. Only one in 10 believe their personal life and the national situa­ women should stay at home because the tion 5 and 10 years from now to be one Priority in child-rearing values home would be neglected, "temptations step higher than currently. outside are great," or the salary is not very Apparently, respondents expect prog­ To determine priority value!' relative to rewarding. The remaining 13 percent say ress in the years to come. In terms of life­ the respondent's child-rearing practices, six the matter of women working depends on situation ratings, there seems to be agen­ cards were presented, each containing one financial and social situations of the eral feeling of change or improvement over of the following values: (1) desire to suc­ family. Thus although almost two out of the years. Ratings for the present are ceed in life, (2) obedience to parents, (3) five would prefer that women be strictly always a step higher than for the past, in enjoying life, (4) trust in God, (5) honesty housewives, this view is apparently not a the same manner as ratings of lifesitua­ and justice, and (6) getting along well with very strongly held one, judging from the tions after 5 years also emerge a step high­ others. large number that feel there are benefits in er than the present. Trust in God appears first among the women's working. One may surmise, how­ Urban residents always perceive their values, with 61 percent of the respondents ever, that the positive orientation to work life situations higher on the ladder scale choosing it over the other five. Obedience envision a dual role, where the working than do rural residents. The latter say their to parents ranks second followed by ho­ woman also sees to the proper maintenance life situations have not improved signi­ nesty and justice, desire to succeed in life, of household and children. ficantly over the years. The urbanites claim and getting along well with others in that to have experienced improvements in their order. Enjoyment in life holds lowest prior­ PERCEPTIONS OF PERSONAL lives. ity among the six values. AND NATIONAL SiTUATIONS Both urban and rural respondents agree AND SOCIOECONOMiCS CONDITIONS in their ranking of the present national Attitudes toward the workfng mother situation, both giving it a mean rank of 5.8 To gauge the prevailing attitudes toward To gauge the sample population's cur­ However, they differ slightly in their judg­ working mothers, respondents were ques­ rent state of happiness, the respondents ment as to the conditions of the country tioned about their knowledge of working were provided with a three-level semantic 10 years earlier. Urbanites think the coun­ mothers, the usual jobs held by them, the differential scale asking whether they were try was at the lower rungs of the situation­ kind of work in which respondents would very happy, fairly happy or not too happy al ladder with a mean rating of 4.9, while like working mothers to engage, and what at the time of the survey and a year before Turn to next page 8/PSSC Social Science Information January 1976

the rural respondents believe that the situa­ vey. Their formulation was derived from more helpful to their fellowmen (48 per­ tion was a little better, giving a mean rating Guthrie's study of modernization (1970). cent) than five years ago. of 5.1. Aspects of life investigated include In the rating of personal lifesituations, those which are: (1) primarily economic, In five other areas respondents display the picture changes slightly. Rural residents such as money, employment and prices; (2) an ambivalence about other aspects of so­ think their personal situation 5 years primarily social, such as contentment, cio-economic life. They are almost equally earlier was lower, with a mean rating of chances for advancement, willingness to divided in their views regarding participa­ tion in community affairs today versus 5 4.0, while the urbanites assess their situa­ work hard, respect for old people, helpful­ years ago: 45 tion as somewhat better, giving it a mean ness, concern for getting along with others, percent say there was more rating of 4.6. It is interesting to note that social equality, participation in community participation in the past, while 44 percent respondents always perceive the national affairs, opportunity for entertainment; and say there is more participation at present. situation to be in a better state than their (3) welfare-oriented, like housing, number About one in 10 sees no difference. This own personal lives, whether past, present of sick people and available hospitals and trend persists in the responses to the quest­ or future. Their present personal situation clinics for the sick. ions on whether housing is becoming better has a mean rank of 4.7 compared to the The respondents were asked to compare or worse, whether respect for old people is national situation's 5.8. Apparentl,; the current conditions of the above aspects improving or declining, whether concern national progress is more evident to them of socioeconomic life currently and 5 years for getting along well with others has in­ than personal progress. ago. They. were also asked to project the creased or decreased, and whether the socioeconomic conditions 10 years hence number of sick people is increasing or de-­ Change In socioeconomic conditions (Table 2). creasing. Socioeconomic conditions in eight other To determine whether people perceive Only in two aspects do more res­ aspects are seen by a majority of respon­ change in the socioeconomic life of their pondents clearly judge the present as better dents as worse than 5 years earlier. Deterio­ communities, a set of 15 questions on cer­ than the past. People are said to be more ration rather than improvement is refleo­ tain key aspects were included in the sur- ~lIing to work hard (56 percent) and are ted, they say in there being less .secial

Table 2. Respondents classified by their perception of present socioeconomic conditions as compared to those of 5 years ago I Socioeconomic More Same Less Total OK/NAt condition (Better) (Worse) NAP **

Money to spend 42% 8% 50% 100% (2664)* (823) Available jobs 38 12 50 100 (2645) (842) Prices 42 3 54 99 (2680) (807) Contentment of people 38 13 49 100 (2640) (847) Chances for advancement 42 12 47 100 (2637) (850) Willingnessof people to work hard 56 11 33 100 (2651) (836) Respect for old people 48 12 40 100 . (2660) (827) Helpfulness of people 48 16 36 100 (2650) (837) Concern for getting along with others 43 17 40 100 (2643) (844) Social equality of people 28 17 55 100 (2634) (853) Participation in community affairs 45 11 44 100 (2629) (858) Opportunities for entertainment 38 9 53 100 (2649) (838) Better houses 44 15 41 100 (2661) (826) Number of sick people 42 13 45 tOO (2618) (869) Places for sick people (hospitals, clinics) 42 11 47 100 (2639) (848) * Figures in parentheses indicate the total number of respondents.

.. NAP refers to those respondents whose residence in their communities is less than five years. PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/9

equality (55 percent) higher prices (54 per­ cent). On three counts they are only slight­ power training were explored. Also investi­ cent), fewer entertainment opportunities ly optimistic or ambivalent about improve­ gated were their reactions toward govern­ (53 percent) less money to spend and few­ ment, namely, that fewer people will be ment programs on land reform and coope­ er jobs available (50 percent), less content­ sick (40 percent vs. 38 percent who say r atives. The programs included here were ment among the people (49 percent), fewer more) that people wiil be more helpful (39 based on the Four-Year Development Plan ,chances for advancement and fewer places percent versus 33 percent who feel they FY 1974-1977 (NEDA). for sick people in hospitals or clinics (47 will be less helpful) and that social equality The NCEE of people will be greater (37 versus 34 per­ percent). Knowledge of the NCEE was sought cent who say the opposite). hi three areas In contrast to their present evaluation only of respondents who had children the respondents predict deterioration. of socioeconomic conditions, they show either in high school or about to emter They are overwhelmingly pessimistic about generally great optimism about these same college. Of the total sample (3,487) only prices going down (87 percent) 10 years conditions 10 years from now (Table 3). In 1,102 belong to this group. The great from now, and somewhat pessimistic in all but three areas, they predict, Iife will majority of the latter has heard of the believing that people will be less content improve. They show very great optimism NCEE (81 percent), less than one in 'five (45 percent) and have less respect for old about the increased willingness of people reporting lack of awareness. The ex­ people (43 percent). to work (68 percent), more places for sick tremely positive attitude of the know­ people in hospitals and clinics (64 percent), AWARENESS OF AND PERCEIVED ledgeable ones is reflected in the 92 better houses' (62 percent), greater partici­ percent who consider it good. Only five pation in community affairs (60 percent), PRIORITIES AMONG GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS percent indicate that the NCEE is of' no more chances for advancement (54 per­ , consequence to them. cent), greater availability of jobs (51 per­ The awareness, attitudes, and involve­ cent), increase in entertainment opportu­ ment of the respondents, relative to educa­ The YCAP and the manpower training nities (50 percent), more money to spend tional innovations like the National College Knowledge of YCAP is also reasonably (49 percent), and increased concern for Entrance Examination (NCEE), Youth high, with 64 percent having heard of it, getting along well with others ( 41 per- Civic Action Program (YCAP), and man- Turn to next page Table 3. Respondents classified by their perception of present socioeconomic conditions as compared to those of 10 years hence

Socioeconomic More Same Less Total DK/NA/ condition (Better) (Worse) NAp **

Money to spend 49% 18% 34% 100% (3183)* (304) Available jobs 51 20 29 100 (3205) (282) Prices 6 7 87 100 (3224) (263) Contentment of people 32 23 45 100 (3132) (355) Chances for advancement 54 20 27 101 (3220) (267) Willingness of people to work 68 18 14 100 (3286) (201 ) Respect for old people 34 23 43 100 (3255) (263) Concern for getting along with others 41 30 29 100 (3258) (229) Social equality of people 37 29 34 100 (3211 ) (276) Participation in community affairs 60 20 ' 19 .99 (3217) (270) Opportunities for entertainment 50 19 30 99 (3228) (259) Better houses 62 21 16 99 (3233) (254) Number of sick people 40 22 38 100 (3246) (341 ) Places for sick people (hospitals, clinics) 64 18 18 100 (3252) (235) * Figures in parentheses indicate the total number of respondents.

** NAP refers to those respondents whose residence in their communities.is less than five years. 10/PSSC Social Science Information January ~975

compared to the 36 percent who have not. ing methods by the farmers, securing farm perative agencies oased outside their com­ Of the knowledgeable ones, 95 percent aids, and credit. A few (5 percent) report munities. comment favorably. A somewhat higher psychological benefits for the farmers, like Summary proportion (70 percent) have heard of the a sense of independence, pride and social While most respondents have heard of equity. Other benefits like protection from manpower training scheme. Of these 98 key government programs, with the ex­ ejection and from exploitation by the land­ percent feel it is good. ception of the cooperatives, they have lord, e.g., nonpayment of tenants' services The foregoing data indicate that the res­ almost no direct knowledge of their im­ make up the rest of the replies. pondents are quite knowledgeable about plementation. These programs therefore It is interesting to note that more urban­ current educational reforms and overwhel­ still remain in the planning stage, as far as ites have heard of land reform (84 percent) mingly favorable toward them. they are concerned, with little to show than rural residents (76 percent). However, Land reform for them in practice. Since the government's national deve­ slightly more rural residents (26 percent lopment program defines land reform as versus 22 percent for urban) actually know Priorities among government programs of a beneficiary of the program. basic to it, the research attempted to meas­ Eighteen government programs were ure knowledge of the program, its benefi­ Cooperatives presented to the respondents and ramked ciaries, and the benefits received by the lat­ according to their views as to the order of ter from the program. This government program is only known by one in four people. Fully 74 importance. Table 4 shows the results. It is interesting to note that the top three I While 81 percent of the respondents say percent report that they do not know of I they have heard of the land reform prog­ any cooperative unit existing in their items are those immediately relevant to I ram, only 19 percent, or 669 of them re­ communities. Of the 887 who do have family needs, such as price control, peace I -, port actually knowing any beneficiaries of knowledge of cooperative units in their and order, and rice production. On the I the program. Of this group of 669, some community, a minority (43 percent) other hand, the three lowest ranked items 71 percent indicate that the major benefit claims membership in such units. Most of are tourism, the work-oriented curriculum derived from the land reform program is the rest (57 percent) say they are not (YCAP), and foreign investments, all of ownership of land. A combined 22 percent involved in the cooperative units in their which appear to be rather remote con­ cite fringe benefits of the program, such as community, although a negligible number cerns. increased income, learning of modern farm- - report that they were members of coo- Turn to page 23

Table 4. Maan and standard deviation of ranking of priority government projects by type of sample

Government Project Urban Rural Total - x Q -x Q -x Q

Price control 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.1 Peace and order 4.9 4.4 5.7 4.8 5.2 4.6 Rice program 5.8 4.2 6.1 4.2 6.0 4.2 Land reform 7.7 4.9 6.8 4.5 7.3 4.7 Water resources 7.9 4.3 7.9 4.5 7.9 4.4 Family planning 8.4 5.0 8.0 5.0 8.3 5.0 Roads and bridges 8.8 4.4 8.8 4.4 8.8 4.4 Agricultural credit and rural banking 9.3 4.3 8.3 4.3 8.8 4.3 Manpower training 9.0 4.3 8.9 4.2 8.9 4.2 Nutrition program 10.0 4.4 9.5 4.5 9.6 4.5 Cooperatives 10.5 4.6 9.7 4.4 10.2 4.5 Local government participation 11.0 4.5 10.5 4.3 10.8 4.4 Rural electrifi cation 11.3 4.2 10.4 4.7 10.9 4.5 Squatter relocation 10.6 5.1 12.3 4.5 11.3 4.9 Fisheries 11.7 4.2 11.5 4.4 11.6 4.3 Foreign investments 12.2 4.5 13.0 4.0 12.5 4.3 Work-oriented curriculum 13.1 4.0 13.1 4.2 13.1 4.1 Tourism 14.5 4.0 15.6 3.3 15.0 3.8 PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/11

Research report

Survey of foreign . trained professionals and their employers in the Philippines

By Cristina P. Parel This survey was undertaken in an "anchorage" should be encouraged. attempt to discover the factors which would account for the phenomenon of 2. The survey found out that "pat­ brain drain - a phenomenon which has riotism" or "Iove of country" exerted a serious implications for the Philippines as it strong pull on the returnees to return to experiences depletion of its human re­ the Philippines. This information indicates sources. that exhortations to play up this factor might help assure higher proportions of re­ The survey brought to the fore factors turning trainees from abroad. A similar L influencing decisions to go abroad, return appeal on patriotism (e.g. "The Philippines .'= home or to go to another country. The needs you") might convince others who ~.... o findings also revealed insights into the at­ have left the Philippines to return. titudes and perceptions of foreign-trained o ...o professionals, as well as their employers, 3. Excessive red tape and bureaucracy s: L_'-::::~ ,,~ c, that could be utilized for policy decisions was found also in the survey to discourage _ .. . that would stem off the brain drain. Filipinos from returning to the Philippines. planning should be integrated with man­ power planning. Some of the significant findings on The policy implication is obvious. A stronger merit system for hiring and pro­ factors motivating decisions to go abroad 7. A system of educational loans rather motions, as well as easier upward mobility appertain to: than of scholarships and higher tuitions at through merit promotion, will probably the tertiary level of education will reduce reduce brain drain. 1. excellent working conditions in dev­ the implicit subsidy and therefore reduce eloped countries; potential losses through the brain drain. 2. availability of skilled assistants; 4. Improved physical and research faci­ 3. anticipated closer contacts with dev­ lities will likely reduce brain drain, as per 8. Stricter restrictions on travel of those elopments in the profession; survey findings. However, expensive sophis­ persons who still owe Philippine society, 4. prospects for faster professional ticated equipment is undoubtedly beyond periods of "indentured" service unless growth; what developing countries can afford. Also, some form can be arranged bilaterally bet­ 5. high pay; and not all people in research need highly so­ ween the recipient country and the Phillp­ phisticated equipment. It may be quite 6. the quality of available jobs. pines or multinationaly through the United possible for developing countries in the re­ Nations. The fellowships given to the returnees gion to pool resources to buy expensive before they left for abroad did much in laboratory and research facilities, especially 9. In view of the fact that the desire to facilitating their adjustments in the foreign when these would be used only by a see the world is one of the attractions tOI go country where they studied. handful of researchers in the developing abroad as mentioned by the returnees, an countries. expanded staff development scheme which Some of the problems that beset the re­ will institutionalize travel, participation in turnees after their return to the Philippines 5. In view of the wide differential ex­ seminars, workshops, conferences and relate to: pectations of the returnees between salaries short-term advanced training, should be in the Philippines and those abroad, this designed by employing organizations. 1. government regulations and bureau- differential should be narrowed to reduce cracy; the effect of this factor in drawing many 10. Another survey finding is that a 2. low standard of living; highly-trained people abroad. higher proportion of women returnees than 3. unappreciative employers; men returnees seem not to be completely 4. housing; and For highly-trained people who are still satisfied with their jobs. In view of this, 5. excessive supervision on the job. abroad, incentives should be given for their those occupations which have been tradi­ return like condoning back taxes and the tionally closed to women should be opened In the context of the survey findings, free entry of their accumulated consumer to them irrespective of levels in the the following recommendations are pro­ durable goods and equipment needed in occupation. posed: their profession.

1. Employers sending staff members for 6. A wider choice of jobs in developed Source: Report on UP-NSDB Project No. training abroad should favor those with countries was also found as one of the at­ 7303-ED entitled "A Survey of Foreign strong "anchorage" in the Philippines, all tractions abroad. Hence to reduce the Trained Professionals and their Employers things being equal. Older members of the effect of this factor, the educational in the Philippines." Cristina P. Parel, staff should be preferred over young candi­ system should be restructured to meet project director of the survey is dean of dates, ceterus paribus. In fact, greater societal geals more effectively. Educational and professor at the UP statistical Center. 12/PSSC Social Science Information January 197;5

PSSC activities Institutional Development Committee Recommended as alternates for GTF - Frank Lynch, SJ, chairman, Rodolfo A. should additional funds become availab:le Bulatao, Eric S. Casino, Ernesto O. Javier, are Agerico -- Lacanlale -:- University of SJ. and Robert J. Suchan, SJ; PSSC-sponsored lecture Denver and Antonio Ledesma _ Uhi· versity of Wisconsin. series under way Research Committee - Mercedes B. Concepcion, chairman, Wilfredo F. Arce, Applications from the Philippines were The 1975 Public Lecture Series of the Ledivina V. Carino, Gloria D. Feliciano. preliminarily screened by the Executive Phi lippine Sociological Society (PSS) Andrew B. Gonzalez, FSC, Patricia B. Board of the PSSC and then forwardedl to sponsored by the Philippine Social Licuanan, Telesforo W. Luna, Cristina P, the Evaluation Committee of the FF Science Council will be holding its second Parel, Bonifacio S. Salamanca, Loretta M. SEAFP for final ranking. session on Thursday, January 23, 1975 at Sicat, Teresita L. Silva, AntonioV. Ulgado the San Miguel Auditorium on the topic and Vicente B. Valdepenas; "Regional Thrust and National Growth. " It should be noted that the RegiCl>nal Working on the theme "Strategies for Publications Committee - Gloria D. E val uation Committee did not follow Development", the PSS lecture series Feliciano, chairman, and editors of journals strictly the Council's ranking although they focuses on programs and structures being of member associations; did not go below the ten best. I evolved and utilized by both the govern­ I. ment and private sectors to achieve the Membership Committee - Raul P, de I Guzman, chairman, Consuelo L. Gutierrez i nation's developmental goals. Publications subsidy grant released I The lecture series was conceived to and Emy M. Pascasio; I provide Philippine sociologists with in­ Southeast Asia Fellowship Program sights to the underlying philosophies and The National Science Development Committee - Armand V. Fabella, chair­ rationale of specific government develop­ Board (NSDB) recently released P23~710 man; Oscar M. Alfonso, Frank Lynch, SJ, ment programs or structures. The PSS to the Philippine Social Science Council Cristina P, Parel and Loretta M. Sicat; took cognizance of the fact that sociolo­ , in support of its Graduated Publications gists are deeply interested in these strate­ Social Science Center Committee ­ Subsidy Program. gies, both as observers of and commenta­ Rodolfo A. Bulatao, chairman, Armand tors on the social scene, and as parti­ V. Fabella, Raul P, de Guzman, Alfredo This program is designed to assist those cipants in or consultants to the planning V. Lagmay, Frank Lynch, SJ, and Cristina and implementation of various develop­ p. Parel; and financially distressed journals of its mem­ ment programs. ber associations to ensure their continued The series of six lecture discussions Modern Philippine History Program publication. started last Thursday, January 16. The Committee - Oscar M. Alfonso, chair­ discussions are held every Thursday there- man, Marcelino A. Foronda, Jr., Telesforo after ending on February 20 at the San W. Luna, Celedonio O. Resurreccion, Board member to address Miguel Auditorium, San Miguel Building, Josefa M. Saniel, John N. Schumacher, SJ, AAS annual meeting Ayala Avenue from 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. md Julita R. Stat Romana. The topics to be discussed are: New Structures, New Visions; Regional Thrust and National Growth; Staying Where the Philippine SEAFP scholars The Philippine Social Science Council Action Is: Relocation Within the City; Un­ will be sending Dr. Raul P. de Guzman, learning The Old to Learn the New: Issues Three out of the twenty-six appli­ dean of the UP College of Public Admlnls­ in Education; Cooperatives: Bayanihan cations from the Philippines were granted tration and discipline representative for Gone Mod; and Population Decisions: The Graduate Training Fellowships by the public administration of PSSC's Executive Couple or the State? Board to address the Philippine Studies Ford Foundation's Southeast Asia Fellow­ Council (PSC) meeting at Season tickets of P30.00 may be ship Program for the Fiscal Year 1975.-- "the next annual meeting secured from the PSSC-eentral Subscript­ of the Association for ion office at 53-C, Roces Avenue, a.c. They are: Asian Studies (AAS).The with telephone no. 99-97-64. 1. Usopay Cadar of the University of meeting will be held in Belfast who will pursue his Ph.D in Ethno San Francisco on March ,~ Committee members appointed Musicology at the University of Washing­ 24-26,1975. DE GUZMAN ton; Dr. de Guzman will be participantat the session on "Recent Trends and Directions The PSSC Executive Board recently 2. Manuel Corpus, University of the of Research in the Philippines." He will ratified the appointment of the following speak on research, limitations upon reo chairmen and members of PSSC commit­ Philippines, Ph.D. Economics, University of Pittsburgh; and search, the technical and governmenta,l tees for Fiscal Year 1975: aspects and all information pertinent to research and scholarship concerning the Finance Committee - Oscar M. Al­ 3. Manuel Diaz, University of British Philippines. fonso, chairman; Cristina P, Parel and Columbia, Ph.D. Anthro at the University The Philippine Studies Council, through Loretta M. Sicat, members; of Hawaii. its Executive Secretary, Professor Michael PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/'13

Paul Onorato, earlier requested PSSC to 3. Ruben P. Chavez, Jr.: "Social Factors Research grants offered! send a senior scholar who could provide Related to Vocational Selection Among specific information concerning the status Senior Students of the College of Arts and The Philippine Social Science Council of Philippine research under martial law. Sciences, Silliman University, 1973-1974"; (PSSC) is offering several grant programs The Philippine Studies Council comprises for researches in the social science dis­ nearly all American and Canadian scholars 4. Ma. Lourdes G. Genato: "The Percep­ ciplines. These grants are intended to help dealing in all aspects of Philippine affairs. tions of the Religious Elites of the Devel­ scholars undertake studies that will not All social science disciplines are represent, o p me nt Goals of the Government, only contribute significantly to national ed. 1974-1977"; development but will also be instrumental in filling recognized gaps in existing social More grantees science knowledge.

Twelve more scholars were added to the PSSC specifically offers research grants list of grantees of the Philippine Social under the following programs: Science Council for the period October to a) Research Integration Program which December, 1974. L1'\~ aims to support scholars interested in Ten of the research grants are being sup" compiling annotated bibliographies of ported under the Discretionary Research CHAVEZ GENATO empirical studies made in major develop­ Awards, one by the Research Integration 5. Purita Hipol: "A Study of the Public ment problem-areas and writing up a Program and the other by the Modern Phil­ Schools Division Superintendency in the major integrative essay built upon suclil ippine History Program. Philippines"; bibliographies; 6. Violeta Lopez: "Cultural Minority The Research In­ Responses to Lowland Pressures - the Case b) Discretionary Research Awards tegration Program which are primarily meant to enable of the Mangyans of Mindoro"; awardee is Virgilio scholars to complete ongoing research Enriquez of the UP projects' by providing them immediate Department of supplementary funds not exceeding Psychology who will P2,500 upon their request. ENRIQUEZ work on "Philippine c) Modern Philippine History Grant Psychology: A Research Integration." awards major researches which have a I The Modern Philippine History Program multidisciplinary focus on Modern Phil­ Committee at the same time approved the ippine history covering the period from i request for extension of the research pro­ HIPOL LOPEZ the mid-19th century when the Phil­ I posal of Marcelino A. Foronda, Jr. chair­ ippines was opened to rapid social change 7. Laverne Peralta: "The 1946 Philip­ I man of the History department of De La up to the present. Salle College entitled "Kailukuan: A pine Presidential Elections"; I Social, Cultural and Political History of the 8. Geoffrey G. Sal­ For further information on any of the Ilocos, 1890-1946." He was awarded a re­ gado: "The Socio­ grants offered, interested parties may I search grant with a counterpart funding Political Implications write to: I from De La Salle College. of Religious Confront­ I ation in a Cebuano I The Discretionary Research awardees Community: Santa Fe, The Executive Secretary Cebu (1903-1940)"; are: SALGADO Philippine Social Science Council ! 1. Tersito A. Aliposa: "The Tabo (mar­ 9. Antonio L. San­ 53-C Roces Avenue, Q.C i tos: "Local Autono-' or P.O. Box 655, Greenhills ket): Its Socio-Economic and Political Im­ I my in the New Con­ plications in the Development of the Muni­ San Juan, Rizal stitution: A Study in ' cipality of Hinabangan, Western Samar, or may call up telephone 99-97-64. '1 Decisio n-Making"; Philippines"; and -' I SANTOS Subscribe to the 2. Leticia S. Aquino: "Experimental 10. Rosa P. Soberano: "Marinduque Ta­ I Use of Behavior Modification Techniques galog: A Dialectological Survey". PSSC Social Science Information I in Remediating Classroom Behavior Prob­ A quarterly newsletter I lems"; REMINDER published by the I Philippine Social Science Council Recipients of PSSC research grants who have been notified of their delayed SUBSCRIPTION RATES reports are requested to at least write an P10/year Philippines explanation as to the reasons for the $5/year •...... Foreign delay as well as their proposed plan of action. Make checks payable to the Central Thank you. Subscription Service, 53-C Roces Ave­ Executive Secretary nue, Quezon City, Tel. 99-97-64. ALfPOSA AQUINO j \ I- 14/PSSC Social Science Information J.ilnuary 19~5 i I

News briefs I

New UP president installed I

Ihe UP Board of Regents has un­ \ animously elected Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz as the new president of the University of the Phlllpplnes to replace Dr. Salvador P. Lopez whose six-year term expires on Jan. 23, 1975.

The decision to elect a new president for the state university was reached at the Board of Regents meeting held on Jan. 16, 1975 at the Manila Hilton.

Present during the meeting were Educa­ tion Secretary Juan L. Manuel, chairman of the board; s..P. Lopez, vice-chairman; UP Dr. 0 D. Corpuz is shown being congratulated Lopez, Mrs. Corpuz, Education Secretary Juan Los Banos Chancellor Abelardo Samonte; by President Marcos after his induction as pres­ Manuel and Foreign A ffairs Secretary csrto». P. Abraham Sarmiento, president of the UP ident of the University of the Philippines. Romulo. Alumni Association; Director General Looking on are outgoing UP President S.P Gerardo Sicat of NEDA; Undersecretary Orlando Sacay of local government, Tomas Crisis and Inflation"; Jesus P. Estanislao, The UP Center for Filipino Language F onacier, Ambrosio Tangco and Asst. CRC, "I ncomes Policy and Inflation." Development will be devoted to the scien­ Executive Secretary Renaldo Zamora. tific study of the various Philippine Lanq­ The new UP president is concurrently More international linkages for RP uages and dialects, including the possible president of the Development Academy of agricultural research system assimilation of words and phrases from the Philippines. Holder of a doctorate foreign languages, geared toward the dev­ degree in political economy and govern· Three more international agricultural elopment of a national lanquaqe.. ment from Harvard University, he served as research institutions are being eyed to link In approving the creation, the Board of Education Secretary from 1968 to 1971. up with the Philippines' agricultural reo Regents emphasized that the Center will search system. PES holds annual meeting develop the Filipino language not from a This is the main objective of PCAR Di· puristic point of view but from a pragmatic poi nt of view. The Philippine Economic Society (PES) rector General Joseph C. Madamba's inter­ held its 12th annual meeting on November national travel scheduled last November 14 The newly-created center will be admi­ 23, 1974 at the Central Bank auditorium to December 16, 1974. His mission inclu­ nistered by an executive-advisory Council with discussion on the Philippine economy. ded laying the groundwork for the esta­ to be headed .bv the dean of the College of The one-day affair was opened by Ber­ blishment of direct linkages between the Arts and Sciences as ex-officlo chairmam. nardo M. Villegas, president of the Society. research program of the Philippines and of This was followed by workshops which the fo llowinq international agencies: 1) Symposium on Mindanao discussed different aspects of the Philip­ United States Department of Agriculture development held pine economic scene. The speakers were: ( USDA) A gricultural Research Service Chita T. Subido of the National Economic (USA); 2) The Corn and Wheat Research A four-day symposium on the therm Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico; and 3) The and Development Authority (NEDA) who "Perspective on Maranao Society" was -I spokeon "Determinants of Direct Foreign Centro International de Agricultura Tropi­ . sponsored by the Mind an aoState Univer­ Investments in the Philippines"; Mila Bu­ cal (CIAT) in Columbia. sity (MSU) recently. This was the first in a lan, also of NEDA, "A Study of Official The PCAR director stated that "these series of symposia conducted by MSU im Development Assistance to the Philippines, moves are in line with the current emphasis response to the need for better under­ FY 1952.1972"; and Emilio Antonio, Cen­ of the World Bank - based Consultative standing, appreciation and development of ter for Research and Communication Group for International Research (CGIAR) the various social communities of Minda, (CRC), "The Measurement of Price to encourage international cultural research nao. Each symposium-series consists of lee­ Changes in the Philippines:' programs relevant to the goals of more effi­ tures designed to examine the peculiarities A plenary session on inflation in the cient agricultural production and techno­ of each social community as a basis for Philippines followed the workshops. logy." evolving more effective development polio The following presented their views: cies and programs for the region. Romeo Bautista, University of the Philip­ Center for Filipino Language The recently-held symposium-series pines, 'Perspective on Philippine lnfla­ focused on Maranao society, its social tion"; Edgardo Zialcita, Central Bank of Development created values, economic structure, political organ­ the Philippines, "Monetary Policy and In­ The UP Board of Regents approved in izations, educational set-up, religious atti­ f lation", Vicente B. Valdepefias, Jr., mid-December the creation of a Center for tudes and how these major social factors Ateneo de Manila University, "The Oil Filipino Language Development. interact. PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/15

The speakers and their respective topics search workers. sity of Kansas discussant; of discussion were: Mr. Victor Taylor, Hester was president of the New York II. Justin Green, Villanova University, "Reconstructionand Development Plans for University from 1962 to 1974. chairman; A.E. Lapitan, University of Day­ Lanao"; Dr. Jose Lawas, "N EDA Plan for ton (Citizen Assemblies: Structure for So­ Lanao"; Dr. Mauyag Tamano, "MSU's Role UNESCO supports federation cio-political Mobilization); Ruth Toland, in the Socio-Economic Development of of social science disciplines Georgia Southwestern College (The Legis­ Maranao Society"; Dr. Mamitua Saber, lative Council: A Preview Study of a Pro­ The International Social Science Coun­ "The Role of Amanah Bank in the Socio­ posed Innovation in the Philippines); RQ­ cil is entering a new phase of its history: Economic Development of Mindanao"; for­ lando V. del Carmen, Sam Houston State UNESCO has voted to pool the resources mer Senator Ahmad Alonto, "Impact of University (Change in the PHilippines: The offered for scholarly organizations in the Islam on the Socio-Economic Development Judicial System); Robert O. Tilman, North social sciences into one grant and has deci­ of Maranao Society"; and Tourism Under­ Carolina State University, Raleigh, discuss­ ded that this grant be channelled through secretary Gregorio Araneta ", "Tourism ant; the federal structure set up under the Plans for Lanao." III. Robert O. Tilman, chairman; Council. This is a momentous decision for Chester L. Hunt, Western Michigan Univer­ world social science: for the first time I sity (Liberal Utopianism as a Brake on Phil' CRC confab discusses Ranis report since it launched its programme of ippine Development); Ross Marlay, North­ support for the social sciences, UNESCO has Tile Center for Research and Communi­ ern Illinois University (Politics and Admi­ \ given direct and definite support for an ef­ cation (CRC) conducted a one-day confe­ nistration of Environmental Legislation); fective federation of the disciplines. For rence on the "New Trends in Development Justin Green, discussant. close to thirty years, UNESCO offered its Education" to elicit the response of the education sector on the issues and recom­ support to the globalization of our sciences discipline by discipline: from 1975-760n­ UP receives IORC grant \ mendations raised by the Ranis mission. wards, there is concrete and unmistakable I Around 150 economics educators from I recognition in the budget of the need for The University of the Philippines has re­ the Greater Manila Area attended the con­ organization and action across the discip­ ceived a $300,000 grant from the Interna­ ference held last December 15 at the NSDB lines. tional Development Research Centre (ona­ auditorium. wa). This is in support of a study of the Invited to deliver the keynote address SIL sponsors writers' workshops rural credit associations that have been set was Clodualdo Leocadio, vice president for in minority dialect up to spearhead the new land reform prog­ \ academic affairs of Ortafiez University. His ram. It is a three-year project for all prov­ I talk was followed by workshop discussions inces of the Philippines. The University will aimed to develop action programs in res­ The Summer Institute of L.:inguistics contribute some P80,000 in services and ponse to the current trends in development (SIL) sponsored two more writers' work­ salaries for senior staff. education and oriented towards the edu­ shops in 1974 which were of help to at cator's role in the academic and local com­ least four school districts in getting much­ U of Hawaii to analyze feasibility needed books in print. munity. of Filipino Studies Program The conference is part of the efforts of The writers' workshops taught creative CRC to upgrade economics education in writing to potential writers who are all Acting Governor G.R. Ariyoshi of Ha­ the country by relating the teaching of eco­ from minority dialects and Can write crea­ waii signed legislation granting P25,000 to nomics to the goals of national develop­ tively in their own dialect. enable the University of Hawaii. to conduct The object is to enable them to produce ment and approaching the subject in the an analysis of thefeasibility of a Filipino in written form the styles indigenous to context of current economic trends and Studies Program at the university. issues. their own culture and dialect and to do so in a way which communicates effectively Call for contacts on American educator named with certain speakers of that dialect. rector of United Nations integration research University PSC confab tackles change in the Philippines Lindy Washqurn, Box 1969, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074 writes to ask if United Nations Secretary-General Kurt The Midwest Conference on Asian anyone might be interested in contacting Waldheim, with the concurrence of the Affairs and Philippine Studies Council Con­ her about her research "on national inte­ Director General of the United Nations ference on Change in the Philippines was gration in the context of the Philippines, Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organ­ held at the University of Kansas, Lawrence especially in regard to the Muslim minor­ ization (UNESCO) has appointed James M. on October 31 to November 2, 1974. ity". Hester as Rector of the United Nations Composing the three panels were: I. University (UNU). Michael Paul Onorato, Executive Interested institutions and individuals may The headquarters unit of the United Secretary, Philippine Studies Council, send materials and news items for publication Nations University, to be called University chairman; Wilfredo Clemente, University of in the PSSC Social Science Information to: Centre, will be located in Tokyo, Japan. Wisconsin, (Martial Law in the Philippines: UNU was envisioned to be a world-wide Some Observation); J. David Martin, Mid­ The Editor network of research and training centers western University (Philippine Land. Re­ PSSC Social Science Information and associated institutions into "the press­ form in a Historical Perspective); Benjamin 53-C, A. Roces Ave., Quezon City ing global problems of human survival, N. Muego, Illinois State University (The P.o. Box 655 development and welfare" and the post­ Philippine Student Movement in the 1970s Greenhills, Rizal3113 graduate training of young scholars and re- and the New Society); Carl Lande, Univer-

'.I ] 16!PSSC Social Science Information January 1975

Infonnation section

Initial inventory of social scientists (Continued from last issue)

ANTHROPOLOGY CATALBAS, Rosario Palatigue, AB Hist and Pol POLITICAL SCiENCE Sci, Silliman U, Inst Dept of Soc Sci Central CASI"'O, Eric S., Ph D Anthro, U of Sydney, Phil U Actg Director for Researchand Development, AYSON, Florentino, MA, Faculty Pol Sci, Far Mindanao Executive Development Academy DE OCAMPO, Esteban A., MA, Director, Eastern U National Historical Commission and Faculty, MLQU Schuol of Graduate Studies ZAFARALLA, Paulino Blanco, MA Ed 1973 UP, CAOILI Olivia del Castillo, PhD stud Modern Asst Prof I UPLB DOMAGAS, Evangeline F., MA FacultY Rizal Poli;ical Analysis, Queen's U; Prof Pol Sci, U. course, Far Eastern U of the East CLEMENTE, Wilfredo AI. II, PhD Pol Sci U of DEMOGAAPHY FRANCISCO, Juan R., Ph D Sanskrit U of Connecticut, Faculty Dept of Pol Sci U of Madras, India, 1964, .Executive Director Phil­ Wisconsin CABARABAN, Magdalena Canag, MA Demog ippin~AlTierican Educational Foundation stud 1975, Xavier U CORSINO, MacArthur Flores, PhD stud Pol Sci; GARCIA, Manuel G., Ph D, Faculty Rizal course, Northern Illinois U COSTELO, Marilou Palabrica, Ph D Demog stud Far Eastern U 1976 U of Chicago, Inst Xavier U DIZON, Amado C., PhD, Faculty Pol Sci Far GAGELONIA, Pedro A., Ph D, FacultY Hist Eastern U M LQU School of Graduate Studies E CO N 0 MI CS ISAAC, Edmundo, LI D IntI law, Faculty MLQU LOPEZ, Benjamin C., MA, Faculty Hist MLQU School of Graduate Studies AGUDO, Nicanor B., LIB, FacultY Eco, Far School of Graduate Studies Eastern U ORENDAIN, Antonio, MA Facultv Pol Sci Far MADALE, Nagasura Timan, MA Asian Studies Eastern U ANCHETA, Constancio M., PhD, Faculty Eco, Folklore, 1973 Mindanao State U Officer-in­ MLQU School of Graduate Studies Charge, HiS! Dept, Mindanao State U TENDERO, Avelino, MA Facultv Pol Sci Far Eastern U BULAN, Victorine M., MA Eco stud UE, Inst PASCUAL, Milagros, MA Hist, Faculty Hist Far PCC Eastern U PSYCHOLOGY BURAC, Nenita D., MSBA, Facultv Eco Far SANTOS, Dolores G., MA Hist, FacultY Hist Eastern U Far Eastern U ALCANTARA, Rebecca D., Ph D Guid, FacultY SUMABAT, Flora D., MA Hist, FacultY Hist Far Psych M LQU School of Graduate Studies DADIZ, Agapito C., MSBA, Faculty Eco Far Eastern U Eastern U ALONZO, Agustin S., Ph D U of Chicago, lDean MLQU School of Arts and Sciences GO, JesusU., PhD, Faculty Eco MLQU School of LINGUISTICS Graduate Studies BAUTISTA, Oscar 0., MS Guidance and Counsel­ GUPIT, Dolores, MSC, Faculty Eco Far Eastern ling 1973 DLSC, Director of Admissions CASTILLO, Emma S., Inst II Ling Phil Normal U DLSC College HERRIN, Alejandro Navarro, Ph D 1972 Eco U PINEDA, Ponciano B.P., MA, Faculty MLQU CATALAN, Neemi, MA Psych, Faculty Psych of South Carolina, Deputy Director Mindanao Far Eastern U Center for Population Studies School of Graduate Studies CRUZ, Pilar Z., Assoc·Prof II Psych Phil Normal SANTIAGO, Alfonso 0., AsstProf I Ling Phil College MARALlT, Alejandro A., MS, FacultY Eco Normal College M LQU School of Graduate Stud ies CUASAY, Pablo M., Ph D, Faculty Psych MLQU SORE, Aurora L.. lnst III Ling Phil Normal Col­ School of Graduate Studies HISTORY lege CUIZON, Erlinda A., Postdoctoral Psych, Facul. ty MLQU School 'Of Graduate Studies BELEN, Antonio R., MA Hist Faculty Hist, Far TUY, Ester, Prof Ling Phil Normal College Eas+ern U de LANGE, Judith G., Ph D, Faculty Psych Far Eastern U rEditor's notes: This is the ccntluuation of the not yet been sent forms to kindly contact initial inventory of :;ocial scientists based on the: Executive Secretary ESPEJO, Teofilo E., Asst Prof I Psych Phil Nor­ the accomplished directory forms sent back mal College to the PSSC and from data made available to Philippine Social Science Council 53-C RocesA ve., a.c. us by educational institutions and research ESTOLAS, Josefina V.,PhD,Faculty Psych MLQU centers. Tltis listing is by no means exhaustive School of Graduate Studies and we are reiterating our call to all social Please indicate the number of forms you need. scisntists and social science centers who have FERNANDO, Magdalena S., MA, Faculty Psych Far Eastern U PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/'17

GAERLAN, Josefina Eo, MA, Faculty Psych Far TORIBIO, Patrocinio A., Ed D GUid, Faculty TAN, Clarita E., MA Socio stud 1975 Xavier U Eastern U Psych MLOU School of Graduate Studies

GAVIIIIO, Purita Go, MA Clinical Psych, Faculty TRIA, Geraldine Eo, MA, Faculty Psych Far East­ STATISTICS Psych MLOU School of Graduate Studies ern U

GAVINO, Purita Go, MA Clinical Psych, Faculty TY, Eufemia Fo, Ed D Guid, Faculty Psych Psych MLOU School of Graduate Studies M LOU School of Graduate Studies CHUA, Mary, Faculty Stat U of Santo Tomas DUMAYUGA, Justa, Faculty Stat Far Eastern U GLORIA, Fabiana Co, Assoc Prof III Ed Psych VILLAMIN, Araceli Mo, Assoc Prof II Psych Phil Phil Normal college Normal College EVIO, Encarnacion, Faculty Stat Far:Eastern U GONZALES, Leon Co, M Ed, Faculty Psych Far YAP, Erlinda Mo, Prof III Psych Phil Normal Col­ MINA, Cristeta. Faculty Stat Far Eastern U Eastern U lege

GUTANG, Lourdes Po', MEd, Faculty Psych Far PEDRO, Arnor, Faculty Stat U of Santo Tomas Easter·nU PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ROCO, Elena, Faculty Stat U of Santo Tomas JACINTO, V.isitacion, AsstProf IV Psych Phil StI,LDUA, Aida MA Stat, Staff CB Dept: of Normal College a., AROUIOLA, Carmencita Mo, MPA, Faculty Pub Eco Research JAVAN, Tedtimo M. Ph D, Faculty Psych Far Ad M LOU School of Graduate Studies Eastern U SEGOVIA, Lorna Zo, Asst Prof III EducatiolJ.al BALLELOS, Manuel Enriquez, MPA stud Pub Ad Stat Phil Normal College JAVIERTO, Socorro So, MA , Faculty Psych Far UP, Research Asst, UP Pub Ad Eastern U SIMPELO, Concepcion, Faculty Stat Far Eastern CORPUS, Manuel To, Ph D cand Eco and Social U JUANTA, Reynaldo Dante Go, Asst Prof 1/ Ed Devt 1973 U of Pittsburgh, Training Special­ Psych Phil Normal College ist and Chief Special Projects UP local Govt SUMAGAYSAY, Lourdes, Faculty Educational Center Stat Phil Normal College LEDESMA, Consuelo Po', Asst Prof IV, Psych Phil Normal College· LEVERIZA, Jose Papica, MPA 1971 Araneta U, TRiNIDAD, Ruben, MS Stat FacultyASI Asst Prof II and Asst Director of Research, LEUS, Marcela J., Asst Prof I Psych Phil Normal Bicol U, Leqazpl City College Fellowship grantees SOCIAL WORK Entrv format: Grantee. Nature of grant. Place L1MPINGCO, Delia A o, MA Psych, Faculty Psych Date Grantor. Far Eastern U VI LLA, Lilia Santos, MS Social Work cand ASI, Director De La Salle College Social Action LUCIAN, Justin FSC,Post MA Courses U of Min­ Ranee Pacita Alcoseba. Masters in Agribusiness nesota St Louis U Stanford U, Full Prof De Management. UP College of BusinessAdmin Fs­ La Salle College SOCIOLOGY tration. Philippine Council for Agricultural Research. LUIS, Avelina R., AssocProf I Psych Phil Normal College Alici'l M.L. Coseteng. Training in Communication ALMONTE, Teresa Balaba, MA Socio 1967 Research. India, United Kingdom and Gen­ Xavier University, Asst Prof and Operations MI LLAN, Eufrosina N., Assoc Prof III Psych Phil many. October 25-December 22, 1974. Manager Research Institute for Mindanao Cul­ Normal College UNESCO. ture and Xavier U MUNARR IZ, Natividad J., Ed D 1966 Teachers Leopoldo Cui. Masters in Applied Rural Socia.. College Columbia U Assoc Prof UP BORROMEO, Carolina D., MA, Faculty Socio logy. UP at Los Banos Graduate School. Phil­ Far Eastern U ippine Council for Agricultural Research ­ OCAMPO, Irene M.. Prof Psych Phil Normal Col­ UP at Los Banos. lege COSTELLO, Michael Anthony, Ph D Socio stud Elizabeth Espino. Masters in Agribusiness Man­ RECIO, Aquilina So, MA, Faculty Psych Far - 1975 U of Chicago, Research-Lecturer Re­ agement. UP College of Business Administra­ Eastern U search Institute for Mindanao Culture, Xavier tion. Philippine Council for Agricultural Re" U search.

RECIO, Ramon L.. MA, Faculty Psych Far East­ MADIGAN, Francis Cunningham, Ph D Socio Eldigario Dagalla Gonzales. Asian Studies. Cul­ ern U 1956 U of North Carolina, Director Research ture Learning Institute, Thought and Express­ Institute for Mindanao Culture Xavier U ion Subdivision. East,West Center. REYES, Esther So, Asst Prof III Psych Phil Nor­ mal College PANGANIBAN, Francisco Co. MS, Faculty Socio Maria Theresita Inocentes Malolos. Asian Studies REYES, Ofelia, MA, Faculty Psych Far Eastern MLQU School of Graduate Studies Communication Institute. East-West Centeno U

SAOUIDO, Rizalina, Ph D, Faculty Psych MLQU PANGANIBAN, Lilia C., MS, Faculty Socio Antonio Venus Rodriguez. Political Science. Cui! School' of Graduate Studies MLOU School of Graduate Studies ture Learning Institute, Thought and Express, ion Subdivision. East-West Center.

SIBAYAN, Fay Mia M., MA. Faculty Psych Far PUNSAL, Rosalia, Po, MA, Faculty Socio Far Eastern'U Eastern U Segundo E. Romero, Jr. Postgraduate studies in International Relations. Northwestern Univer­ SANTIAGO, Jose Paras, BSA Agronomy 1959 sity, Illinois. Rotary graduilte fellowship. TIMBOL, Teresita A., A'sstProf IV Psych Phil UP, Director Rural Development Center, Normal College Davao Turn to next page, 18/PSSC Social Science Information January 1975 J

Leah B. Sereno. Masters in .Production Econo­ Birth and Death Rates for the Period January Kailukuan: A History of the /locos, 1872-1896­ mics. UP at Los Banos Graduate School. Phil· 1-June 30, 1974. Francis C; Madigan, et. al. Marcelino A. Ferenda, Jr. o LSC. Ongping. ippine Council for Agricultural Research ­ Mindanao Culture for Population Studies. PSSC-Ford-La Salle. UP at Los Banos. Completed. .' Methods of Presentation, Language and Know~ Fernando Nakpil Zialcita Asian Studies in the edge and Attitude Towards Family Planning. Population Institute. East-West Center Broadcast Programming Handbook. Eli7.abeth L. Cesar M. Mercado/et al. U.P. fMC. Ongoing. 1974-1975. Diaz. UP IMC. Ongoing. National Acceptor Survey. James F. Philipps. Broadcast Speech and Performance Manual. Eli­ UPP!. zabeth L. Diaz, U. P. (MC. Ongoing. Research projects National Demographic Survey (Family Planning, Case Study on Family Planning and the Basic Knowledge, Attitudes and Prectice). James F, Philipps. uppL Reported current researches and projects contem­ Concept of Planning. Benjamin V. Lozare. U.P. IMC. Ongoing. plated, ongoing and completed for the period ­ Personal Source Characteristics in Family Pla~ October to December 1974. ning Persuasion in Barrio Borol II, Balagtas, Causes and Effects of Rural Urban Migration: A Bulscan: A CaseStudy. Herminia M. Alfonso Entry format: Title of research/project Project Study of Cebu City In - Migrants. Antonieta with Concepcion R. Castro, U.P.IMC. On­ director. Home institution. Status of project Zablan. USC. Ongoing. IDRC and Ford going. Source of funding. Foundation within their Southeast Asia Popu­ lation Research Awards Program. Philippine Public Enterprises. Romualdo B. Tede- Status of researchproject: na. U.P. PCAS. Ongoing. DAP/IDRC. . Contemplated - formal proposal drawn Child Rearing Practices of the Cantonese in M& Ongoing - from preparatory activities after pro­ nila:An Insight for Educators. Caroline M. Pre-Testing Methods of Family Planning Commu­ posal is approved to the stagebefore completion Cheong. Ongoing. nication. Gloria D. Feliciano and Caridad of final write-up. R.H. Castro. U.P. IMC. Ongoing. Completed - final write-up accomplished. Communication Aspects of Vasectomy. H.igino A. Ables with Reynaldo V. Guioguio. U.P. Public Market Administration Study, Cebu ff:ity. A Comparative Evaluation of Two Approaches IMC. Ongoing. Leonidas Tan. USC. Used by the Catholic ReliefServices in Nutri­ tion Education. ASI Research Staff. Com­ Comparative Effectiven.ess ofMethods ofPresent­ pleted. Catholic Relief Services. ing Family Plenning Messages Through Ba/~ Research Design and the Relevance of Social tasan. Alicia M.L. Cosetenq, Raul R. Ingles Science Research. Cesar M. Mercado, IU.P. A Compilation ofSocial ActionActivities for the and Ankanahalli V. Sl'lanmugan U.P. IMC. On­ IMC. Ongoing. Church in the Philippine Parishe~ Schools, going. Seminaries and Religious Communities (Sec­ Restudying Tagalog Verbal Inflection, Jonathan ond Phase). Asian Social Institute Research Conjugal Interaction and Fertility Behavior C. Malicsi,U.P. ·DLAL. Ongoing. Persenel Staff. Ongoing. National Secretariat for Sqcial Among the Filipino Urban Working Class. In­ funds. Action. stitute.of Philippine Culture. Ongoing. Semantic Analysis of Sambal Aeta Kinship An Economic Study of Pasture Leasesin the Phi~ Covert Explanation for Not Practicing Family Terms. Jonathan C. Malicsi. U.P. DLAL Com­ ippines. Severino B. Vergara. U. P. ACC!. On­ Planning: An Analysis of Malignant Rumors pleted. Sept. 1974. Personal funds. going. Based on Clinical Effect Ankanahalli V. Shanmugam, U.P..IMC. Ongoing. Social and Psychological Alipects of Family Re­ Po/~ An Evaluation of the Effects ofGovernment cruitment Strategies in Two Philippine Com­ cies on the Production and Distribution of Dating Behavior ofCollege Students. Luzviminda munities. Gloria D. Feliciano, Caridad R.H. U~P. Grains in Luzon. ASI -Research Staff. Com­ B. Valencia and Fe Arcinas. Sociology Castro and Bridget RUlite. U.P. IMC. Ongoing. pleted. October. Department. Strategies In Harnessing Student YCAP in Social An Evaluation of the Role of the Don Bosco Dimensions and Implications of the Philippine Science Research. Cesar M. Mercado, et. al. Youth Center in the Social Development of Educational Reforms and Manpower Training U.P. IMC. Ongoing. Barrio Magsaysay. ASI Research Staff. corn­ Programs. Romualdo B. Tadena. U. P; PCAS. pleted. PBSP. Completed. U.P./University of Wisconsin. The Demand ..for Medium and LO~Term A.gr~ cultural Credit in the Philippines. Severino B. Vergara. U.P. ACC!. Completed. Evaluation Research of the PRRM Barrio Deve­ An Exploratory Study on the Types ofChristian in Guiguinto Parish, Bulacan, ASI Research lopment Program in Laguna: Baseline Study, ASI Research Staff. Completed. PRRM and The Home and Family Background of Selected Staff. Completed. PBSP. Public Elementary Married Teachers in the Division of Quezon III. Lita J. Ramirez.. 0n­ A Socio-economic Feasibility Study of the going. Foundation of St Joseph the Worker. Asian Exploring the Distribution Bottlenecks and Use Social Institute, Research Staff. Ongoing. of Family Planning Communication Materials, Proposed Case Study. Cesar M. Mercado, Raul The Images of the Catholic Priest in Bisayan A Study of Schools in Development Institute of R. Ingles, Edwin M. Varona, Lorenzo T. Bala­ Folklore. Donn V. Hart and Harriett E. Hart. Philippine Culture. AdeM U. Ongoing. soto Jr. and Asterio. Fernandez, U.P. IMC. Ongoing. Northern Illinois University. Completed, 55 page ms. A Study of Socio-economic Characteristics and Values of the A teneo Grade School Commu­ Folk Media: An Innovative Communication Approach to Family Planning and National nity. Institute of Philippine Culture. AdeM U. The Impact of CB-IBRD Credit Program in the P~ Ongoing. Development Alicia M. L. Coseteng. U. Philippines: A Critical Analysis. Severino B. IMC. Ongoing. Vergara. U.P. ACCI. Ongoing. A Survey on the Labo; Foree in Cebuano Urban and Rural Communities UsingODA - CAM Classification Schemes. Wilhelm Flieger with Juan Pusong: Trickster Revisited. Donn V. Hart The NL TC Nongraded Primary Program. Bar­ Rowe V. Cadalifia, University of San Carlos. and Harriett E. Hart. Northern Illinois Univer­ . nardo B. Santos. Northern Luzon Teachers Ongoing. PSSC. sity. Completed. 40 page ms. College, Laoag City. Ongoing. School fund. January 1975/19 I PSSC Social Science Information I II I

The People of Sapang Palay Resettlement Area Credit and Security in the Philippines: The Legal Technical Change in Asian Agriculture. Shand, (H). Mrs. Aloma Monte De Los Reyes. Com­ Problems of Development Finance. Sixto T.J. ed. 1974. Australian National University, Can­ pleted. Joint venture of the Diocese of Malo­ de Guzman, Jr., et. al. Crane, Russak & Co., berra. los & Most Rev. Juan Velasco. North America. ThCFilipinos in Hawai£Roman R. Cariaga, San The School in an /locano Community, A Case Francisco Rand E Research Associates. Study. Emesto M. Cadiz. On-going. Isneg - English Vocabulary. Morice Vanover­ bergh, 1972. CICM. University of Hawaii, The Next Six Years. Jesus P.' Estanislao. Mono­ Honolulu. graph. 1974. CRC. The Social Policy Implications of IPC Research, Findings, 196(J.74, Institute of Philippine Cul­ Training in Local Govemments: A Prottte. of Makibaka: The Filipino American Struggle. ture, AdeM U. Ongoing. Training in Provinces and Cities in the Philip­ Royal F. Morales. 1974. Los Angeles: Moun­ pines. Manuel T. Corpus. 1974. 170 pp. UP tainview Publishers, Inc. Local Government Center. The Study of Religion in the UNO-R Under­ graduate Curriculum. UNO-R Institute of Philippine Newsletter. Published fornightly by "Accountability and the Filipino Classroom Research Staff. Ongoing. the Philippine Consulate General, 3520 WiI· Teacher." Pedro V. Flores.,Article. Silliman shire Blvd. Suite 1009, Los Angeles. Califor­ JournaL First Quarter 1973. nia90010. Towards a Communication Theory of Learning. "Do Attitude Changes Precede Behavioral Cesar M. Mercado, et. al. U.P. IMC. Ongoing. Pangasinan: 1592-1BOo. Rosario Mendoza Cortes . Change?" Eduardo Roberto and C. Pinson. Ar­ Book. 1974. UP. Dept of History. UP Press. ticle. Journal of Advertising. August 1913. FamilyPla~ Training Needs in Communication of DLSC. ning Personnel Higino A. Ables and Reynaldo V. Guioguio. UP IMC.Ongoing. "Filipiniana from Germany:' Marcelino Foronda, Philippine Migration: The Settlement of the Di­ Jr. Article. Dialogue. December 1973. DLSC. gos-Padala Valley. Davao Province. Paul D. Trait Dynamic Factors Related to Sex,PromiSlCui­ Simkins, Frederick L. Wernstedt. Monograph tjf ofSelected Females ofAngeles City: Pros­ Series No. 16 Yale University Southeast Asia "Household Structure and Household Interaction pect for Social Intervention. Myrna Iral. On­ Studies, 1973. Exclusive sales by Cellar Book in Cebu City: A Pilot Survey". Wilhelm going. Shop, Detroit. Flieger, SVD and Rowe Cadelina. Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 1975. US~. Recent publications Philippine Newspapers in Selected American "I nd ividualized Instruction and Contingency Libraries. Shiro Saito. Occasional Papers No. Management: An Application of Learning EntlY format Title. Author/Editor. Type. Where 6. East-West Center, University of Hawaii. Principles to the Clssroom Situations:' Rita published (if it is an article) Vol. No. Mataragnon. Article. Philippine' Journal of Date. Page No. Home Institution. Price. Psychology (in press). Where available. Publisher. Philippine Studies: Geography, Archaeology Psychology and Literature: Present Knowl­ edge and Research Trends. Frederick Werns­ "Lexical Studies on the Cebuano Language''', Agrarian Unrest in the Philippines. David R. Stur­ tedt, Wilhelm Solheim II, Lee Sechrest, Eugene Verstraelen. SVD and Mimi Trosdal.. tevant. Reprinted 1973. Athens: Center for George Guthrie, and Leonard Caper. Dekalb: Philippine IQuarterly of Culture and Society: International Studies, Ohio University. Northern Illinois University, Center for 1975. USC.. Southeast Asia Special Reports, 1974. All Center publications are sold exclusively by An Annotated Bibliography of Philippine Biblio­ the Cellar Book Shop, 18090 Wyoming, Det­ "Linguistics and the Teaching of Writing:' An­ graphies. 1964-74. Donn V. Hart. Occasional roit, MI 48221. drew Gonzales, FSC. CETA Journal 1973. Paper No.4. Center for Southeast Asian DLSC. Studies. Northern Illinois University. Dekalb. Philippine Urbanization: The Politics of Public Illinois 60115.163 pp. $6.00 and Private Property in Greater Manila. Ri­ chard L. Stone. Dekalb: Northern Illinois Uni­ "Maranao Forms of Oral Literature." Nagasura, versity. Center for Southeast Asia Special Re­ Teman Madale. Article. CETA JournaL Vol. An /loko Bibliography. Marcelino A. Foronda Jr. ports. 1973. 3. No.1 May 197,4. MSU. Book 1974.203 pp, DLSC Libraries. Public Personnel Administration in the Phili/> A Study of the Filipino Repatriation Movement "Myth and Mythology". G. Lanczowski. Trans­ pines. Jose P. Leveriza, Copyright 1972. 92 Casiano P. Coloma. San Francisco: Rand E lated by Joseph Baumgartner, SVD. Philippine pp. Research Associattes. Quarterly of Culture and Society. 1975. USC. Rising Prices versus Personal Sevings. Jesus P. A Study of Populatio~CareerDevelopment Fer­ Estanislao and Edgardo F. Garcia. Mono­ nandino Yasay, Research Publication. 1974. graph. CRC. "Social Marketing Strategies for Diffusing the Institute of Philippine Culture. Adoption of Family Planning:' Eduardo Ro­ School Counselling. Justin Lucian, FSC. 1974. berto. Article. Dialogue. December 1973. A Study of the Problems of Filipino Students in DLSC TOC. DLSC. the United States. Aquino B. Obando. San Francisco: R and E Research Associates. Southern Tagalog Voting, 1946-1963. Political "The Achievement of Instructional Objectives:' 1974. Behavior in a Philippine Region. Carl H. Pedro V. Flores. Article. Silliman JournaL Lande. Dekalb: Northern Illinois University, First Quarter 1973. A Survey on Selected Areas ofNational Develo/> Center for Southeast Asia Special Report, ment Emma Porio and Gloria Fernandez. 1973. Research Publication.' 1974. PSSC!IPC. The Development of Cebu City". Michael Culli­ nane. Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Student Publications - A Guide for Editors and· Society. 1975. USC. Characteristics of Filipino Organizations in Los Advisers. Francisco H. Roque. 1974. UP IMC. Angeles.. Mario P. Ave. San FranciSco: Rand E Research Associates. 1974. Survey of Training Requirements of Local Gov­ "The Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness in ernments. Manuel T. Corpus, et al. Mono­ , Higher Education." Kendel S. Tang. Article. Corporate Planning. Jesus P. Estanislao. Mono­ graph. 1974. 30 pp. UP Local Government Dialogue. December 1973. o LSC. graph. CRC. Center. Turn to next page 20/PSSC Social Science Information January 1975 !I J'

"The Mindanao Cinnamon". Francisco Mallari. A Footnote to Phillppine-Spenish Cultural Poli­ A Study of Philippine Manufacturing from 1902 Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. cy. Marcelino A. Foronda, Jr. Paper. DLSC. to 1960. Salvador Mario C. Umana. MS thesis. 1975. USC. Letran College Seminar on "Intramuros and ASI. Beyond:' Nov. 23, 1974.

"The Mountain Negritos of Northern Negros". A Study of the Communication in Decision­ Hubert Reynolds. Philippine Quarterly ofCul­ An Analysis of the ICM Social Services in Cebu. Mak i ng Process of Some Catholic High ture and Society. USC. 1975. Sr. Beatriz Mordeno, ICM. MS thesis. ASI. Schools from the Viewpoints of Students, Teachers and Principles. Fe Javier, FdCC. MA thesis. DLSC Grad School. An A ttempt to Formulate Housing Policies and "The Mythic Style in Two Philippine Folk Narra­ Guidelines for the Manila Metropolitan Area. Hilda Bautista. MBA thesis. DLSC Grad A Study of the Relation Between Members' Core tives." Resil B. Mojares. Philippine Quarterly School. Value and Their Performance in a Service­ ofCulture andSociety. 1975. USC Oriented Organization - An Open System An Exploratory Study of Parents of Malate Analysis of the Young Christian Workers' School Students in the Light of Contem­ Movement Maria Paz S. Santos. MS thesis. "The Myths of Sleeping Hero: Three Philippine porary Needs. Sr. Catherine Courtney. MS ASI. Cases." Resil B. Mojares. Article. Philippine thesis. ASI. I Quarterly of Culture and Society. V. 2. No.3 A Study of the Social Role and Status of the I Sept. 1974. Contemporary Chinese Community in the An Inquiry into the Economics ofRegional Dev~ Philippines. Wiston V.S. Mih. MS thesis. ASI. I lopment Based on the Resources and the I Development Potentials of the Agusan Prov­ "The Sarimanok and the Maranaos." Nagasura A Translation Work of the Mayukmok from Eng­ I ince. Miguel Fabie, Carlos Gaspar and t.eonar­ Madale. Article. Philippine Panorama. Aug. ish into Chinese Together with a Brief Ana­ I do Gonzales. Joint MS thesis. ASI. 18, 1974. Page 26. lysis and Compretive Study of the Context. I Yin Jing Shu, MS thesis. ASI. I "The Teaching of Oral Communication." con­ An Inquiry into the Household Income and Ex­ penditures of Two Sugarcane Plantations and A ttitudes of Out-oi-Scboot Youths Towards I chita Largoza. Article. CETA JournaL 1973. I DLSC. Their Influence on Production. Pedro de la Leadership in Two Manila Tenement Housing Rama. MS thesis. ASI. Projects. Erlinda Punzalan, MS thesis. ASI. \ "Types of Leadership in Community Develop­ An Insight into the Functions of a Commercial A ttitudes of Principals and Teachers on Selected ment: A Case Study of a Lower Class Cebua­ Bank. Mary Ann Joven, MBA thesis. DLSC Administrative Practices of Catholic Second­ no Urban Community. Rowe V. Cadelina. Grad School. ary Schools in Greater Manila. Ma. Luz Rol­ Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. dan. MA thesis. DLSC Grad School. USC. 1975. A Proposed Guidance and Counseling Program for De La Salle High School, Kondiu (New Attitudes of Thai Graduate Students Towards "Voluntary Arbitration of Labor Disputes: Pro­ Guinea). Leo Cleary, FSC. MS thesis. D LSC Democracy in the Philippines. Dusanee Kava. Grad School. posed Guidelines." Jose K. Manguiat, Jr. Ar­ lee. MS thesis. ASI. ticle. Ateneo Law JournaL 19,1,23-43. A Proposed Guidance Program for the Col/ege of Brain Drain: A Study of the Causesof the Migra­ Maasin. Ruth urnacob, MS thesis. D LSC Grad tion of Talents and Skills. Sr. Patricia Desaul­ Unpublished papers School. niers, MM. MS thesis. ASI. Entry Format: Title. Author/Researcher. Type. A Proposed Guidance Program for Union Elem­ Catholic"'Radio Broadcasting: Programs, Pr.oblems entary School; Mercedes Maack. MS thesis. Home Institution. Funding Institution. Where and Prospects. Jesus M. Jesswani. MS thesis. DLSC Grad School. ASI. Presented. Date. A Proposed Methodology for Understanding Cul­ A Comparative Study of Filipino and American ture Applied to a Small Town in Mindanao. College Students' Satisfaction with the Adm» A Comparative Study of Attitudinal Differences Edward M. Gerlock, MM. MS thesis. AS/. nistration, Faculty and Student Body. Pedro Among Clients of Do/~outandSelf-help Ser­ V. Flores. Dissertation. IDRC. Pennsylvania vices Rendered by St Scholastica's Col/ege. A Proposed Program for the Department of Pes­ State University. St. Mary Andrew Collantes, OSB. MS thesis. ASI. toral Services in Manila Doctor's HospitaL Victoria Santiago, SPC. MS thesis. D LSC Grad Cros!Jolinguistic Validation of Recent Findings on, A Comparative Study of the Kinds of Sentences School. the Semantic Differential: A Comparison of, Used in the News Reports of the Manila Trait Influences in the First and Second Lang" Times and the New York Times. Enrique Es­ A Socia-Religious Study ofPractices and Ideas R~ uage of Bilinguals. Rita H. Mataragnon. MA calante. DLSC Grad School. lated to Baptism Among Filipino Godparents thesis. AdeM U. and Filipino Students. Sr. Cyrilda Ferriols, SS. A Comparative Study of the Religious Education os. MS thesis. ASI. Demography, Components, Processes and Meas-' of the Third- Year High School Students of ures; Mercedes B. Concepcion. Paper. UPPI" UP College of Education and DEC Population, Our Lady of Loreto Col/ege, Manila and the A Study of an UrbanSlum, andSquatterCommu­ Education Program. Seminar-Workshop lru First- Year Col/ege Students of the Religion nity, the Looc District of the City of Duma­ Population Education, Benitez Memorial Cen­ Teacher's Course. Sr. Maria Carmen L. Lim, guete, Negros Oriental Province, Philippines. ter. OCt. 21.25, 1974. FMM. MS thesis. ASI. Evelyn J. Caballero. Research paper. Silliman U.1973. Determinants of Population Change. Aurora Sila­ A Comparison of Mental Ability, Study Habits van-Go, Paper. Popcorn, UP College of Educa­ and Autobiographical Record asPredictors of A Study of Community Socia-Educational Prob· tion and DEC Population Education Program. the Academic Achievements of CEU First terns and Resources and their Implications for Seminar.Workshop on Population Education, Year High School Students. Milagros de la Col/ege Curriculum Applied to a Municipality Benitez Memorial Center. OC~ 21.25, 1974. Pefia, Thesis. CEU. in Northern Quezon. Epitacio Palispis. MS thesis. ASI. Evaluation Research in Population: Implications A Descriptive Study of the Relation Between for Management ofPopulation Program Cesar A ttendance at Religion Classes in School and A Survey of First Year High School Student's M. Mercado and. Amelia J. Gloria. Paper. UP the Maturity of Decisions of Respondents A ttitudes Towards Activities in the English IMC. Experts' Meeting on Population Educa­ From Two Manila Public High Schools. Sr. Composition Class. Ma. Teresa Cardenas. MA tion Researches, Population Center Founda­ Edward R. Buendia. MS thesis. ASI. thesis. D LSC Grad School. tion. Oct, 1Q.12, 1974. PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/21

Family Planning Communications and Population Philippine Social Values and Suicide. Jesus Abar­ The Phenomenology of the Filipino Family. Mina Education. Higino Ables. Paper. UP IMC. UP zuza, OP. MS thesis. ASI. Ramirez. MS thesis. ASI. College of Education and DEC Population Education Program. SeminaroWorkshop on Population Education, Benitez Memorial Cen­ Population Distribution, Density and Migration. The Philippine Foreign Currency Deposit Sjt9' ter. Oct. 21.25, 1974. Eliseo de Guzman. Paper. UPPI. UP College tem: A Cross-Section Evaluation. Graciela of Education and DEC Population Education Guevara. MBA thesis. DLSC Grad School. Program. Seminar-Workshop on Population Family Planning Methods. Melody Encarnacion. Education, Benitez Memorial Center. Oct. The Philippine National Red Cross, Military W8~ Paper. UP Family Planning Center. UP College 21-25,1974. of Education and DEC POpulation Education fare Representatives at the V. Lima Medical Program. Seminar-Workshop on Population Center in the Armed Forces of the Phili~ Education, Benitez Memorial Center. Oct. Psycho-Social and Economic Factors Affecting pines: Lucia Jocson, MS thesis. 'ASI. 21.25, 1974. Acceptance' and Practice of Family Planning Methods: A Study of PGH Family Planning Filipino Students and the Holy Mass: A Socio­ Clientele for the Period January to June The Physical Distribution in the Philippines for Religious Inquiry Among High School 1969. Adelfa T. Caasi and Merdonio C. Caasi. Locally Manufactured Electrical Products. Seniors in Nine Private Catholic Schools. Sr. MS thesis. ASI. Ramon Llamas. MBA thesis. DLSC Grad Luthgarda R. Lansang. MS thesis. ASI. School. Rapid Social Changeand Ego Identity- A Func­ tional Analysis (Applied to the Brothers of Generation Gap: Attitudes of College Students The POlitical Rationale of Agrarian Reform. and Their Parents Towards Sexual Behavior. the Christian Schools). Nguyen Van Tri, FSC. MS thesis. ASI. Loretta Makasiar Sicat. Lecture paper. UP Custodiosa A. Sanchez. Thesis. CEU. DPS. Division of Continuing Legal Education, UP Law Center. First Institute on Agrarian Generational Differences on Socia-Cultural and Rice Production and Land Reform in Quezon, Laws. Nov. 4,1974. Moral Spiritual Values. Manuel R. Guerrero. Nueva Ecija. Jose F. Calderon. Thesis. CEU. Thesis.CEU. The Role of the Manila Stock Exchange in the Social Factors Affecting Vocations (Applied to Philippine Economy, 1927·.1963. Nanerica Habits and Preferences of 180 Homemakers in the Daughters of Charity of the Philippine Santos. MS thesis. ASI. Manila: An Ethnographic Study. Perla Dime­ Province). Sr. Ma. Dolores Javellana. MS the­ iligSantillan. Thesis. CEU. sis. ASI. The Role ofTractorization in the PhilippineAgr~ cultu ral Development ,Michael Mendozlll. History of Population Change. John Britton. Sources for Philippine Local History in the Phi~ MBA thesis. DLSC Grad School. Paper. UNESCO. UP College of Education ippine National Archives. Marcelino A. Foron­ and DEC Population Education Program. da, Jr. Paper. DLSC. Vlth International Con­ TheSocio-culturel and Economics Dimensions of Seminar-Workshop on Population Education, ference on Asian History, Jagjakarta, Indo­ the Problems of Deforestation and Reforesta­ Benitez Memorial Center. Oct. 21-25, 1974. nesia. Sept. 1974. tion. Eulalio G. Maturan. Silliman University.

Islam in the Philippines: A Study in the Islam­ The Cultural Context of Education Among the ization Process. Datumanong Sarangani. MA Bontoc: A Case Study. Kate C. Botengan. The Student Movement in the Philippines thesis. MSU. American U of Beirut. Sept. CEU. (1969-1971). Fe R. Arriola. MS thesis. AS'. 1971. The Need for Medical Social Services in a Private United States Trade Policy Toward the Phili~ Labor Leadership Patterns in the Philippines. Bro HospitaL Sr. Erlen Adanza, SPC. MS thesis. pines in Preparation for Independence, Antonymuttu Thiruchelvam. MS thesis. ASI. ASI. 1926-1946. Pedro V. Flores. MA thesis. IDRC. Pennsylvania State U. The Nonverbal Behavior of Selected Student MaSs vs. Selective Higher Education. Pedro V. T~ers at the Philippine Normal Col/ege Voluntary Associations in a Philippine Municipal. Flores. Reaction paper. IDRC. RIRED Semi­ Laboratory Elementary School ctessrooms: ltv: Kabacan. Manuel P. Diaz. MA thesis. U of nar, Chiengmai, Thailand. Purificacion Montano. CEU. British Columbia. 1973.

MA Master of Arts Legend: MBA Master of Business Administration M Ed Master of Education MLQU Manuel L. Quezon University ACCI Agricultural Credit and Cooperatives MPA Master of Public Administration Institute MS Master of Science AdeM U Ateneo de Manila University PBSP Philippine Business for Social Progress ASI Asian Social Institute PCAS Philippine Center for Advanced Studies Assoc Prof Associate Professor PCC Philippine College of Commerce Asst Assistant Ph 0 Doctor of Philosophy Asst Prof Assistant Professor Phil Phi1ippine/s CRC Center for Research and Communication 'Pol Sci Political Science DEC Department of Education and Culture Popcom Commission on Population DLSC De La Salle College PRRM Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement DLSCTDC DLSC Textbook Development Committee Psych Psychology Eco Economics Pub Ad Public Administration EdD Doctor of Education Socio Sociology Govt Government Stat Statistics Guid Guidance U University Hist History UE University of the East IDRC International Development Research Centre UP University of the Philippines Inst Instructor UP DLAL - 0 UP Department of Linguistics and Asian Inti International Languages Ling Linguistics UPDPS UP Department of Political Science LIB Bachelor of Laws UPPI UP Population Institute l 22/PSSC Social Science Information January 1975

20, 1974. He is the only Filipino to be of the Advisory Panel of the International .Social scientists on the move appointed trustee of the Board which Audiovisual Resource Service (lARS) to be assists Asian universities and supports co­ held in London on January 21-25. operative, educational efforts. Josefina Victoria, English Language Felipe Miranda, Jr.; of the UP Dept. of Arts Coordinator at the De La Salle Col­ AR R IV A LS Political Science arrived recently from the lege, left recently for the East-West Cen­ University of Chicago where he stayed .for ter's Cultural Learning Institute on a fel­ Remigio E. Agpalo, professor at the UP two years on a UP Fellowship grant to lowship grant. She will join a team of five Department of Political Science arrived re­ pursue his doctoral studies in political other English supervisors from the public cently. from a week's stay in Tokyo where science. sector to form a nucleus of specialists in he delivered a conference paper on national Tereso Tullao, instructor of economics bilingual education. development. at the De La Salle College arrived recently Joseph Baumgartner, SVD, managing from Stanford University after undertaking editor of the San Carlos Publications will Wilhelm Flieger, chairman, Department his masteral studies in Development Edu­ of Sociology-Anthropology at the Univer­ attend an ASAIHL-sponsored seminar on cation where he specialized in the eco­ Scholarly Publications in Southeast Asia sity of San Carlos, returned from Seouf, nomics of education. Korea in late December after consulting on from January 16 to 18, 1975 and a confer­ Marcelino Foronda, Jr., head of De La ence of University Presses in Asia and the the labor force survey. Earlier, on Decem­ Salle College's Research Council, returned ber 9-13, he participated in aworkshop at Pacific Area on January 19th. Both will be from Jogjakarta, Indonesia where he held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. the Population Institute, East-West Center, attended the recently-concluded VIth In, Hawaii. ternational Conference on Asian History. He read a paper on "Sources of Philippine Alicia M.L. Coseteng, assistant professor APPOINTMENTS of communication at the UP Institute of Local History" based on his researches in Mass Communication trained in communi­ Philippine and Spanish archives and lib­ Eric Casino was appointed Actingl Direc­ cation research in India, United Kingdom raries. tor for Research and Development for the and Germany from October 25 to Decem­ Lawrence Reid of the Philippine Studies Mindanao Executive Development Aca­ ber 22, 1974 on a UNESCO fellowship Council in the United States arrived recent­ demy effective November 15, 1974. He grant. ly to do research on the llocanolanguage. was formerly the Curator of the Anthropo-. He will be associated with the St. Louis logy Division, National Museum. The Min­ Raul R. Ingles, professor of journalism University in Baguio City during his year's danao Executive Development Academy is in the same institute read a paper on "The stay. a joint UP-Mindanao State University pro­ University of the Philippines Press: Toward ject. a Consolidation of Re­ Eva Duka Ventu­ sources for Regional ra, chairman, UP De­ Marcelino A. Foronda, Jr., professor of Goals" at the Conference partment ofPolitical history and chairman of the Research of University Presses held Science, represented Council at De La Salle College was elected recently in Seoul, Korea. her home institution president of the Philippine Bibliographical The conference, attended ~. .r. at the International Society recently. . by delegates from 12 INGLES VENTURA countries, was sponsored by the Cultural Seminar in Inter-Regional Cooperation in Tereso Tullao assumed recently the and Social Centre, Asian and Pacific South and South East Asia held on January position of Director of Institutional Plan­ Region (ASPAC). 2 to 5, 1974at Osmania University, Hyder­ ning Office at the De La Salle College. As abad, India. She read a paper entitled such, he is available for consortium work Peter Gowing, director of the Dansalan "Bureaucracyand Political Development." between his home institution and the Phil­ Research Center, Dansalan College, Marawi .Eduardo Roberto, associate professor of ippine Normal College in the area of edu­ City, returned recently to the Philippines Behavioral Sciences, De La Salle College, cational management. after serving three and a half years as a participated in a workshop on "The Role regional professor at the Southeast Asia Mercedes B. Concepcion was re-appoint­ of Commercial and Private Sectors in Graduate School of Theology' based in ed dean of the UP Population Institute by Family Planning" sponsored by the Inter­ Singapore. the Board of Regents in December. The governmental Committee of the Population appointment carries a five-year term. Mary Hollnsteiner, Institute of Philip­ Council. His article on social marketing'of pine Culture director, attended recently a family planning published in the Social Marcelo Orense, assistant tothe director seminar on "Migration, Urbanization and Science Quarterly was one of the papers of the National Census and Statistics Office Population" held under the interdisciplina­ discussed during the workshop. It was held guested the induction of officers of the ry communications program of Smith­ in Penang, Malaysia in late September. Philippine Statistical Association, Negros sonian Institute at Washington, D.C. She Occidental chapter. made a presentation on the characteristics DEPARTURES and the coping mechanisms employed by Juan R. Francisco is the present Exec­ low-income emigrants to metropolitan life. Gloria D. Feliciano, dean of the UP' utive Director of the Philippine-American Abelardo Samonte, UP at Los Banos 'Institute of Mass Communication will join Educational Foundation (PAEF, formerly chancellor, represented the country in the the Conference on Communication and Fulbright Foundation in Manila). Previous meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Change to be held at the East-West.Center, to his new assignment, he was Acting Dean United Board of Christian Higher Edu­ Honolulu on January 12-17. of the University of the Philippines at cation in Asia held on November 19 and She will also participate in the Meeting Clark Air Base in Angeles, Pampanga. PSSC Social Science Information January 1975/23

Francisco succeeds Dr. Vitaliano Bemar­ dina who is now Director-designate of Seminars, conferences, workshops SEAMES (Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Secretariat) in Bangkok, Thai­ land. The Association of Southeast Asian, Former Senator Jovito R. Salonga lec­ Publishers (ASEAP) was host at the "Inter· tured on "The Multi-national Corporations, Fe. R. Arriola, head, Maryknoll College national Seminar on Economics of Book and ·National Development" at the UP department of Behavioral Science is a con­ ~ Institute of Social Work and Community sultant to two ongoing projects at the Pro­ Production, Publishing and Distribution" held in Development's (ISWCD) Talakayan Series. ductivity Development Center of the ~e N~ve:ber ,~ Development Academy of the Philippines. inkManila. ;d'I.' About 50 faculty members of the'UP ne 0 t e spea ers was I( .:....;;. They are: A Study on Motivations for En­ !J H ig h School and the UP Elementary Pacifico N. Apri eto, _

PSSC National Survey 1974 Continued from page 10 Editor's notes Comparing rural and urban responses, national development reveal many interest­ one notes that the order of priority for the ing dimensions of family life and national Continued from page 2 first six items is identical, as follows: (H issues. Until the final analysis, underway at price control, (2) peace and order, (3) rice the time of this writing, is completed, it production, (4) land reform, (5) water would be premature to specify thelrirnpll­ Ganges River and not milk. Hence the resources, and (6) family planning. Rural cations. However, the reader is encouraged theory made in a particular environment is respondents, however, expectably rank to communicate with the authors any a total failure in practice. agricultural credit and rural banking higher views or suggestions he or she might have than roads and bridges, while urbanites give regarding interpretation of these data. When first theory is expounded and the the latter plus manpower training greater practice comes next, such difficulties as the priority than agricultural credit and rural (Ed. Note. Summary and implication ofthe above four factors mentioned will be there banking. Urban dwellers understandably survey will be printed in our next issue.} in the practication. However if theory suc­ show greater concern for squatter reloca­ ceeds practice, then it can easily be mate­ tion, a distinctly urban problem, than local Source: Preliminary report on PSSC rialized. Hence you must mark which pre­ government participation and rural electri­ National Survey Project No. 2002 entitled cedes and succeeds first. If civilization is in fication, a sequence that is reversed among "A Survey on Selected Areas of National danger today the chief cause of that danqer rural dwellers, with fisheries also given Development" submitted to the Philippine is when theoryprecedes practice and in par­ more attention. Yet both rural and urban Social Science Council by the Institute of ticular the hypocrites psychology. respondents are in agreement on the three­ Philippine Culture OPC) on November 30, lowest ranked items. 1974. Emma Porio and Gloria Fernandez With these thoughts from Shrii P.R. Sar­ CONCLUDING NOTES are both from the IPC, Ateneo de Manila kar, I join my staff and the Council in The foregoing results of the survey on University. wishing you all a very Happy New Year. Jall1uary 1915

Scholarships in Psychology Ization and enculturation, primary and Announcements secondary groups, bureaucracy. Nova University in Fort Lauderdale. Florida Social institutions: economy, stratification and ethnicity, family and klnships, relJ.. Continued from page 3 is offering scholarships leading to doctoral degrees in Educational Psychology, Science gion, education, and mass media, politics. 3. Proficiency in English, both written and Education. Psychology of Behavioral Change Ecology and demography: levels of adapto oral; and Research Methology to interested foreign ation as in hunting - gathering bands, 4. A letter of recommendation from an students. swidden agriculturists and simple culti­ agency or organization which will serve Arrangements have been made so that qua­ vators, peasantry, and urban dwellers; as guarantor that he/she will finish the lified applicants will be provided an average of population; migration; environment, and course and involve himself in social $3.000 per annum as research stipend. human settlements. action. Further information may be secured from Srsbility and change: social processes as in Letters of application should include: appli· the: cant's bio-data: academic records authenticated competition, conflict, and cooperation, Office ofAdmissions acculturation, collective behavior, social by the country's Ministry of Education (if the Mailman-Hollywood Center implications of modernization as in rural applicant did not graduate from any Philippine Nova University development, urbanization; the search for school) and two passport-size photos. College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale a world community. All applications must be received not later Florida 33314 than March 15, 1975. They may be addressed to: Faculty positions open at Nanyang University The Admissions Committee Law academy offers Asian Scholarship Program fellowships to Filipinos Asian Social Institute Scholars are invited to send in their appli­ 1518 Leon Guinto, Ermita The Philippine-American Educational Found­ cations for the following positions at the Nan­ Manila, Philippines 2801 ation (PAEF) announced, recently the availability yang University in Singapore: Professors, Asso­ of fellowships for 1975 being offered by the ciate Professors. Senior Lecturers and Lecturers Academy of American and I nternational Law of in Accountancy. Economics, Industrial and Republic of the the Southwestern Legal Foundation at Dallas, Business Management. Banking and Finance, Philippines, Texas. and Mass Communication. Department of Public Applicants must have a college degree and ex­ Monthly salary for the positions in Singapore Works and Communications, perience in one of the following fields: public Bureau of Posts, service; law, economics, journalism, teaching or dollars (US $1 = approximately 5$2.40; 1 Manila business. approximately 5$5.75): range as follows: SWORN STATEMENT Interested individuals may file applications Professor: from 5$2.600 - 5$3,500 Required by Act 2580 directly with the following address: Associate Professor: 5$2,400 - 5$3,000 The Director Senior Lecturer: 5$1,900 - 5$2,500 The undersigned, Rebecca T. Ducusin, Man· Academy ofAmerican and International Law Lecturer: 5$1.100 - S$2.000 aging Editor, Social Science Information, International and Cooperative Law Center Benefits include 13th month's salary. published quarterly in English at 53-C A. The Southwestern Legal Foundation medical service and Provident Fund (University Roces Ave., Quezon City, after having been P.O. box 707. Richardson' contribution - '15%). duly sworn in accordance with law, hereby Texas. USA 75080 For application forms and further infor­ submits the following statement of owner­ Applications should be mailed not later than ship, management, and circulation, which is mation, interested scholars are requested to March 15, 1975. write to: required by Act 2580, as amended by Com­ The PAEF library at Room 301, Teodorica monwealth Act 201: Apts, 1148 Roxas Blvd. has a brochure with Editor: Dennis G. Teves of P.O. Box 655 more details on the fellowships. The Registrar Greenhills, Rizal. Nanyang University Managing editor: Rebecca T. Ducusin of Singapore 22 P.O. Box 655 Greenhills, Rizal Socio-Anthro textbook Business Manager: Oscar Clemente of P.O. under preparation Box 655 Greenhills, Rizal Owner: Philippine Social Science Council of A textbook of readings for Filipino college P.O. Box 655, Greenhills, Rizal students in introductory sociology and anthropo­ Publisher: Philippine Social Science Council logy is being prepared by Ms. Mary R. Hollnstei­ Get your social science , of P.O. Box 655, Greenhills, Rizal ner and Dr. Wilfredo F. Aree of the Ateneo de I, Printer: Kalayaan Press, Muelle de la Manila, assisted by Misses Maria Elena Chiong, publication needs from: I Industria, Binondo, Manila Anicia Paglinauan. and Nora Villanueva" Office of Publication: 53-C. Roces Avenue. The editors ask that College teachers inte­ Quezon City rested in testing the textbook during the first CENTRAL SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE Number of copies printed and circulated of semester of 1975-76 write to either of them (P.O. 53-C Roces Ave., Quezon City the last issue dated January 1974: Box 154, Manila). Mimeographed trial editions .v·. Send to paid subscribers, 520; sent to other will be provided at cost, together with a teacher's Tel. 99-97-64 than paid subscribers, 480; total 1,000. manual. Signed: Rebecca T. Ducusln, Managing Approximately, eighty percent of some 55 Editor, Social Science Information articles reflect the work of social scientists Philippine Political Science Journal Subscribed and sworn to before me this writing on Filipino behavior. The other twenty IPC Papers third day of April 1974 at Manila, the percent are focused on other Asian societies or Journal of History affiant exhibiting Residence Certificate drawn from Westem settings. The topics covered Philippine Economic Journal I A-9839023, issued at Manila on March 15, are as follows: Philippine Journal of Linguistics " 1974. The tao in his sociocultural environment Philippine Journal of Psychology Signed: Pedro C. Tugaoen Introduction: first person experiences in Philippine Sociological Review Postal Inspector the city, the town, the barrio, and upland Philippine Statistician Note: This form isexempt from the payment settlements, Social Science Information of the doeumentarv stamp tax. Social Work Entered as second class mail matter on April Understancting society and culture Sulu Studies 3,1974. The concepts of culture, values, norms, social structure and organization, social-