Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook Christian Damböck Editor In uences on the Aufbau Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook Institut ‘Wiener Kreis’ Society for the Advancement of the Scientifi c World Conception Volume 18 Series Editor Friedrich Stadler , Univ. of Vienna & Inst. Vienna Circle , Wien , Austria Advisory Editorial Board Jacques Bouveresse, Collège de France, Paris, France Martin Carrier, University of Bielefeld, Germany Nancy Cartwright, London School of Economics, UK Richard Creath, Arizona State University, USA Massimo Ferrari, University of Torino, Italy Michael Friedman, Stanford University, USA Maria Carla Galavotti, University of Bologna, Italy Peter Galison, Harvard University, USA Malachi Hacohen, Duke University, USA Rainer Hegselmann, University of Bayreuth, Germany Michael Heidelberger, University of Tübingen, Germany Don Howard, University of Notre Dame, USA Paul Hoyningen-Huene, University of Hanover, Germany Clemens Jabloner, Hans-Kelsen-Institut, Vienna, Austria Anne J. Kox, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Martin Kusch, University of Vienna, Austria James G. Lennox, University of Pittsburgh, USA Juha Manninen, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Finland Thomas Mormann, University of Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain Edgar Morscher, University of Salzburg, Austria Kevin Mulligan, Université de Genève, Switzerland Elisabeth Nemeth, University of Vienna, Austria Julian Nida-Rümelin, University of Munich, Germany Ilkka Niiniluoto, University of Helsinki, Finland Otto Pfersmann, Université Paris I Panthéon – Sorbonne, France Miklós Rédei, London School of Economics, UK Alan Richardson, University of British Columbia, CDN Gerhard Schurz, University of Düsseldorf, Germany Peter Schuster, University of Vienna, Austria Karl Sigmund, University of Vienna, Austria Hans Sluga, University of California at Berkeley, USA Elliott Sober, University of Wisconsin, USA Antonia Soulez, Université de Paris 8, France Wolfgang Spohn, University of Konstanz, Germany Thomas E. Uebel, University of Manchester, UK Pierre Wagner, Université de Paris 1, Sorbonne, France C. Kenneth Waters, University of Minnesota, USA Jan Woleński, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland Gereon Wolters, University of Konstanz, Germany Anton Zeilinger, University of Vienna, Austria Honorary Consulting Editors Robert S. Cohen, Boston University, USA Wilhelm K. Essler, University of Frankfurt/M., Germany Kurt Rudolf Fischer, University of Vienna, Austria Adolf Grünbaum, University of Pittsburgh, USA Rudolf Haller, University of Graz, Austria Gerald Holton, Harvard University, USA Jaakko Hintikka, Boston University, USA Allan S. Janik, University of Innsbruck, Austria Andreas Kamlah, University of Osnabrück, Germany Eckehart Köhler, University of Vienna, Austria Brian McGuinness, University of Siena, Italy Erhard Oeser, University of Vienna, Austria Jan Šebestík, CNRS Paris, France Christian Thiel, University of Erlangen, Germany Walter Thirring, University of Vienna, Austria Review Editor Donata Romizi, University of Vienna, Austria Editorial Work/Layout/Production Robert Kaller Camilla Nielsen Editorial Address Institut Wiener Kreis Universitätscampus, Hof 1 Spitalgasse 2-4, A–1090 Wien, Austria Tel.: +431/4277 46501 (international) or 01/4277 46501 (national) Fax.: +431/4277 41297 (international) or 01/4277 41297 (national) Email: [email protected] Homepage: http://univie.ac.at/ivc/ More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6669 Christian Damböck Editor Infl uences on the Aufbau Editor Christian Damböck Institute Vienna Circle University of Vienna Vienna , Austria ISSN 0929-6328 ISSN 2215-1818 (electronic) Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook ISBN 978-3-319-21875-5 ISBN 978-3-319-21876-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-21876-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015958795 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Contents External World Problems: The Logical Construction of the World and the ‘Mathematical Core of the External World Hypothesis’ . 1 Alan Richardson What Carnap Might Have Learned from Weyl . 15 Thomas Ryckman Wiener and Carnap: A Missed Opportunity? . 31 Sébastien Gandon Neurath’s Influence on Carnap’s Aufbau . 51 Thomas Uebel Theories of Order in Carnap’s Aufbau . 77 Paul Ziche Carnap’s Aufbau and the Early Schlick . 99 Matthias Neuber Carnap’s Aufbau in the Weimar Context . 115 Thomas Mormann Carnap and Phenomenology: What Happened in 1924? . 137 A. W. Carus Carnap’s Early Conception of a “System of the Sciences”: The Importance of Wilhelm Ostwald . 163 Hans-Joachim Dahms The Context of the Development of Carnap’s Views on Logic up to the Aufbau . 187 Clinton Tolley Assessing Rickert’s Influences on Carnap . 213 Mikko Leinonen v vi Contents General Part Report/Documentation 22nd Vienna Circle Lecture Susan Stebbing and the Early Reception of Logical Empiricism in Britain . 233 Michael Beaney Review Essays Purity in Concepts: Defending the Social Sciences . 257 Alexandra Couto The Age of Insight: The Quest to Understand the Unconscious in Art, Mind, and Brain from 1900 to the Present. By Eric B. Kandel . 267 Allan Janik Erratum ...................................................... E1 Reviews . 281 Ilkka Niiniluoto, Sami Pihlström (eds.), Reappraisals of Eino Kaila’s Philosophy . 281 Thomas Mormann Moritz Schlick, Kritische Gesamtausgabe, Section I: Veröffentliche Schriften, vol. 5, Rostock, Kiel, Wien. Aufsätze, Beiträge, Rezensionen 1919–1925 . 285 Massimo Ferrari Mary Jo Nye, Michael Polanyi and His Generation. Origins of the Social Construction of Science . 289 Károly Kókai Steffen Kluck, Gestaltpsychologie und Wiener Kreis. Stationen einer bedeutsamen Beziehung . 292 Christoph Limbeck-Lilienau Obituary . 295 In Memory of Pat Suppes Index . 299 Introd uction Rudolf Carnap’s seminal book Der logischeAufbau der Welt ( The Logical Structure of the World , henceforth Aufbau ) was once viewed as a rather technical piece of reductionist and radically empiricist philosophy of science representing archetypi- cally Quine’s “second dogma of empiricism.” However, since the 1980s, Michael Friedman, Alan Richardson, Thomas Mormann, A.W. Carus, Thomas Uebel, and a number of other scholars pointed out that the Aufbau is neither reductionist in the sense of Quine’s second dogma nor empiricist in the classical sense. Rather, the Aufbau is a highly complex approach to epistemology, infl uenced by a number of contemporary philosophical currents. This volume presents a good deal of the results of a conference that took place at the Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy in July 2013 and has been devoted to these infl uences on Carnap’s early masterpiece. Some of the contributors to this volume explicitly try to fi gure out in which way a certain philosopher infl uenced Carnap and in which way this infl uence can be found in the Aufbau . This is true for Alan Richardson (who considers the infl uence of Karl Gerhards on Carnap’s approach toward reduction of the physical world to the autopsychological world) and Thomas Uebel (who considers the infl uences that Otto Neurath had on the revisions to the 1925 Aufbau manuscript). It is equally true for Matthias Neuber (who is concerned with the infl uence of early Moritz Schlick), A.W. Carus (who analyzes Carnap’s move beyond phenomenology in 1924), and Mikko Leinonen (who considers the infl uences of Heinrich Rickert on some manu- scripts of the early 1920s that represent the Aufbau project). There are four papers that discuss early Carnap at the broader levels of his biog- raphy and history of ideas. Hans-Joachim Dahms’s paper describes the infl uences that both Wilhelm Ostwald and representatives of the Dilthey school such as Herman Nohl, Wilhelm Flitner, Franz Roh, and Hans Freyer had on early Carnap. Thomas Mormann gives an outline of the infl uence that the spirit of the Weimar Republic had on early Carnap, focusing on the infl uences of his WW I experiences and on the philosophical infl uence of the neo-Kantian Heinrich Rickert and the positivist Theodor Ziehen. Clinton Tolley gives a fairly comprehensive outline of the develop- ment of early Carnap’s views on logic, caught between Kant, the Neo-Kantians, vii viii Introduction Husserl, Frege, and Russell. Paul Ziche focuses on the importance that