Africa Published by Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden the Shop at Fairchild SUMMER SALE
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summer 2008 The Mangos of Africa published by fairchild tropical botanic garden The Shop at Fairchild SUMMER SALE Saturday, August 23 through Sunday, September 7, 2008 Members’ Preview Sale | Friday, August 22 Enjoy 20% off All regularly priced merchandise. Fairchild Members Only: Take an additional 10% off regularly priced merchandise. Chihuly and Lichtenstein merchandise is 40% off, members receive an additional 10% off. No further sale discount applies. Questions? Call The Shop at Fairchild at 305.667.1651, ext. 3305. Shop hours: 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. You can also shop online at www.fairchildonline.com FAIRCHILD TROPICAL BOTANIC GARDEN 10901 Old Cutler Road, Coral Gables, FL 33156 | 305.667.1651, ext. 3305 | www.fairchildgarden.org | shop online at www.fairchildonline.com Colombian caña flecha tray. Regular price $110, sale price $88, Members sale price $79.20. Photo by Gaby Orihuela/FTBG. contents HOW TO MAKE YOUR TREES 15 HURRICANE-PROOF 21 THE INTERNATIONAL MANGO FESTIVAL; CELEBRATING THE MANGOS OF AFRICA BUTTERFLY DAYS AT FAIRCHILD 26 31 SOY GOOD: PLANTS THAT CHANGED THE WORLD departments 5 from the executive director 7 news 9 explaining 11 displaying 12 calendar 13 leaving a legacy 14 tropical cuisine 17 ask martha 18 plant societies 19 vis-a-vis volunteers 21 exploring 40 conserving 42 vistas 44 gifts & donors 46 garden views 50 from the archives contributors RICHARD J. CAMPBELL, Ph.D., is the Senior Curator of Tropical Fruit and Head of the Tropical Fruit Program at Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden. A South Florida native, Dr. Campbell cut his teeth among the exotic tropical fruit of South Florida. He draws on his years of travel and experience collecting and researching tropical fruit in Asia and the Americas to provide the latest information, quality trees and tropical fruit tastes to an enthusiastic public. He has authored over 100 scientific Photo by Gaby Orihuela/FTBG and popular articles on fruit culture in the last decade, as well as two books, Mangos: A Guide to Mangos in Florida (1992) and Tropical Mangos: How to Grow the World’s Most Delicious Fruit (2002). ELANE NUEHRING, Ph.D., Program Chair for the North American Butterfly Association, Miami Blue Chapter, has organized Fairchild’s Butterfly Days’ program of speakers since the event began in 2004 as a partnership between the garden and the Miami Blue Chapter. Dr. Nuehring is an avid butterfly watcher and butterfly gardener, and she is a long-time birder and volunteer with the Tropical Audubon Society. Dr. Nuehring is a professor at Barry University’s School of Social Work. GARY NOEL ROSS, B.S., M.S., Ph.D. Dr. Ross is a native of New Orleans, educated at Louisiana State University, and Professor Emeritus of Southern University (Baton Rouge). After 24 years of teaching at Southern University, Louisiana State University and University of Manitoba, he retired in 1992 to fully devote his time to research and to popularize his specialty, butterfly biology. Endearingly referred to as “Louisiana’s Butterfly Man” and the “Butterfly Photo by Jon Barry Evangelist,” Dr. Ross is a celebrated natural history photographer, lecturer and an award-winning author. His work has appeared in over 460 major professional publications and popular magazines, including TIME and National Geographic, as well as in five television productions. Dr. Ross is the Director of Butterfly Festivals for the North American Butterfly Discover how much fun your Surround yourself with Association, which actively promotes landscaping can be! wonder and beauty. butterfly events, gardens, conservatories and education. Relax, Dreams enjoy, can delight your come senses. true. Fred Anderson Landscaping & Maintenance The Adventure Begins — Call Now ON THE COVER Mangifera indica - Celebrating mangos Cel: 786-512-6301 Phone: 305-246-8863 Photo by Gaby Orihuela/FTBG from the executive director n June, the fruit stalls along the streets of Mombassa were redolent with the first of this season’s apple mangos. Their scent, combined with that of the pineapples and passion fruits, filled the air. This was an I indication of great things to come at Fairchild. One of my favorite events at Fairchild is the mango exhibition at the International Mango Festival, which was held July 12 - 13, 2008. Dr. Richard Campbell and Noris Ledesma displayed hundreds of varieties of mango in the Garden House—to open the door into the Garden House after the exhibit has been laid out is one of my great pleasures. You are enveloped by a heady wave of mango aroma, and in front of you the “world” of mangos is on display. Nowhere else on Earth do you see so much diversity in one place. Thousands of years of cultivation, selection and tasting are condensed into one place for one weekend. For a biodiversity aficionado, it does not get better than this. This year we celebrated the Mangos of Africa. My first tree-fresh mango was picked from a huge tree growing on the banks of the River Jubba in southern Somalia. That was over 20 years ago, and I can still remember the event—after weeks in very dry and open bush country, the pleasure of big shade trees and ripe mangos was nothing but profound. I have just returned from a research trip in Kenya with our partners from the Al Ain Wildlife Park, and I wanted them to meet one of Africa’s unsung conservation heroes. As a teenager, I read about the work of Swiss horticulturist, Dr. Rene Haller, in turning scraped out cement quarries into lush, green-forested landscapes. I have visited Rene several times and never fail to be inspired by his vision. Rene arrived in Kenya over 40 years ago and now hundreds of acres of forestland cover what was once an industrial wasteland. He applied the skills of a great horticulturist, namely eternal optimism combined with a love of plants and an ability to find a practical answer to any problem, to regrow a tropical landscape. Now retired, Rene is creating a community nature reserve by restoring a patch of degraded bush land to create an educational and economic resource for the local communities. Inside the reserve, we saw lush vegetation, regenerating stands of doum palm that were covered with flowering Ansellia orchids, herds of Oryx and giraffe, while outside cows and goats were chewing on a bare degraded landscape. This visit reminded me that horticulture is a great tool for good, and that Fairchild has always had a great reputation for high quality tropical horticulture. Sadly, our Director of Horticulture Mike Davenport has left us for new pastures, and we wish Mike and his family all the best for their future. Mike leaves a legacy of dedicated colleagues, both staff and volunteers, and a garden that looks wonderful. We hope he comes back to see his baobabs grow. Ana Estevez, our Grants Coordinator, is also leaving for new opportunities, and, similarly, Ana leaves a great legacy of projects throughout Fairchild. A garden’s growth is based on managing the green stuff—plants and dollars. At this year’s festival, we released the first two new mango varieties from the Fruit Programs breeding and selection program. These two new varieties have been developed to thrive in the South Florida garden. Following an established historic tradition in fruit production, we named these two beautiful mangos after two very special members of the Fairchild family. The varieties are called ‘Angie’ in tribute to Angie and Bill Whitman’s support for the Tropical Fruit Program and ‘Jean Ellen’ in recognition of Jean Ellen Shehan’s leadership and support. Jean Ellen Shehan (above left) and I hope you will explore the garden this summer. Fairchild in summer is a lush, Angie Whitman (below) receive illustrations of their namesake magical garden full of exotic blooms and butterflies. I look forward to seeing mango from Executive Director you among them. Dr. Mike Maunder and Tropical Fruit Curator Noris Ledesma. Photos by Robert Parente. Mike Maunder, Ph.D. To view photos from Dr. Maunder’s trip to Kenya, please visit www.fairchildgarden.org and click the link Living Collections and Garden Landscapes/Botanical Safari to Kenya. www.fairchildgarden.org SUMMER 2008 5 With over 100 varieties of fish for your pond, Angels Hatchery will help you realize your passion. Our 35 years of experience provides you with top quality fancy Koi, African Cichlids, equipment, premium foods, and the most effective water treatments on the market. We have everything you need to keep your water garden in harmony. In short, we are a “one stop pond shop.” We strive to give you the best quality, service and pricing while exceeding your expectations. Summer Is Here - Stop by for a free consultation on your aeration and algae control needs. ANGELS HATCHERYR Phone: 305-248-7777 • www.AngelsHatchery.com 16375 SW 256th St., Homestead, FL 33031 • Fax: 305-246-7779 DRIVING DIRECTIONS - 16375 SW 256th St., Homestead, FL 33031 From FL Turnpike Homestead Extension: Exit 6 - Tallahassee Rd. (SW 137th Ave./Speedway Blvd.); Turn right onto SW 137th Ave.; Left on SW 264th St.; Right on SW 162nd Ave.; Left on SW 256th St. We're at the end on the right. From Krome Ave. - East onto 248th St.; Right onto 162nd Ave.; Right onto SW 256th St. We’re at the end on the right. AH-2023.1-7/08 Shipping Fish And Products Daily Across The United States And Around The World. news FAIRCHILD HOSTS THE FIRST NORTH AMERICAN PALM CURATORS’ MEETING Fairchild collaborates with other botanic gardens to achieve its mission and works closely with many institutions to conserve tropical plants. The 2008 Palm and Cycad Festival provided an excellent opportunity to strengthen links among some of the Photo by Lorena Alban/FTBG.