Tall Buildings in Numbers visit skyscrapercenter.com/skybridges for interactive web study. Average Connected-Tower Height vs. Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor

Project appears in the CTBUH Technical Guide The Space Across: Skybridges and the Future City

Skybridges of Signifi cance 00 Linking tall buildings with horizontal spaces, whether purely for circulation or containing programming, has been a subject of fascination for as long The Gate Shams Ra es City Jumeirah Gate as tall buildings have existed. In recent years, the physical extents and intensity of programming of these skybridges have increased substantially, Abu Dhabi Chongqing Dubai, 2020 adding to the iconicity and allure of building complexes around the world, as well as pointing to new paradigms for three-dimensional urban life. 20 Abu Dhabi, 2013 Chongqing, 2019

The Sentral Residences Gate to the East This data study is derived from the CTBUH Research Project: Skybridges: Bringing the Horizontal Into the Vertical Realm, kindly funded by thyssenkrupp Kuala Lumpur, 2017 Suzhou, 2015 The Address Torres El Faro Elevator. It accompanies the research paper on page 36 and the CTBUH Technical Guide The Space Across: Skybridges and the Future City. For the Residence Sky View 200 Buenos Aires, 2005 purposes of all three studies, a “skybridge” is defined as “a primarily enclosed space linking two (or more) buildings at height.”* Dubai, 2019 Oxley Towers Nation Towers Golden Eagle Concord Kuala Lumpur, 2021 Abu Dhabi, 2013 * “Enclosed” means that the path of travel within the skybridge is under shelter; “linking between buildings” refers to the bridge being physically connected and supported in its CityPlace Parade Square Plaza Toronto, 2013 Nanjing, 2019 entirety between two or more separate buildings. “At height” is defined as “being six floors or higher above the ground floor”. Petronas Towers 0 CCTV Headquarters Kuala Lumpur, 1998 Hangzhou American Copper Beijing, 2012 Skybridge Types: Average Height of Connected Towers: This figure takes the average Civic Center Buildings Tencent Seafront Towers Hangzhou, 2012 New York City, 2017 • Enclosed Circulation: The bridge is intended predominantly for occupants architectural height+ of the two towers connected to an individual skybridge. Shenzhen, 2017 to pass between two buildings. In the case of projects with more than two towers and more than one 00 Bella Sky Daesung D3 City skybridge, the figure refers to the average height of all towers connected to Copenhagen, Seoul, 2011 • Enclosed Programmatic: The bridge contains unique programming or 2011 amenities that make it a destination on its own, such as office space, at least one skybridge, compared to the average height of all skybridges in Raemian Yongsan Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor (m) SkybridgeHighest Floor Occupied residential units, observatory, gym, restaurant, etc. the complex. Seoul, 2017 • Building-as-Skybridge: The skybridge is part of an architectural Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor in each complex: As with the general 0 Highlight Towers Munich, 2004 composition that makes two independent towers appear as a singular CTBUH Height Criteria, this is intended to recognize conditioned space which Raemian Caelitus “arched” building; the interior is typically enclosed programmatic space. is designed to be safely and legally occupied by residents, workers, or other Linked Hybrid Proximus Towers Seoul, 2015 Beijing, 2009 Brussels, 1994 • Skyplane: A horizontal plane, extending between or across the tops of two building users on a consistent basis. It does not include service or mechanical or more buildings at height, whose primary occupiable space is outdoors areas which experience occasional maintenance access, etc. and on its top surface, often with plantings and park-like features. + See ctbuh.org/resource/height for full definitions of CTBUH Height Criteria. 0 0 00 0 200 20 00 0 00 0 00

Average Height of Connected Towers (m) World’s 10 Highest Skybridges Notes: Heights in bold refer refer to Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor; HOSF = Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor; HTBC = Height of Tallest Building in Complex

Golden Eagle Square Plaza Oxley Towers Ra es City Chongqing HOSF: 220 m HOSF: 199 m HOSF: 241 m Nanjing, 2019 Kuala Lumpur, 2021 Jumeirah Gate Gate to the East The Address Chongqing, 2019 Residence Sky View HTBC: 368 m Nation Towers HTBC: 339 m HOSF: 295 m HOSF: 261 m Type: Enclosed Programmatic Type: Enclosed Programmatic HTBC: 347 m HOSF: 224 m HOSF: 206 m Dubai, 2020 Suzhou, 2015 Type: Enclosed Programmatic The Gate Shams Abu Dhabi CCTV Headquarters Dubai, 2019 Abu Dhabi, 2013 The Sentral HTBC: 301 m HTBC: 302 m HOSF: 228 m HOSF: 214 m Residences Type: Building-as-Skybridge Type: Building-as-Skybridge HTBC: 264 m HTBC: 268 m Abu Dhabi, 2013 Type: Enclosed Programmatic Beijing, 2012 Type: Enclosed Programmatic HOSF: 197 m HTBC: 238 m 300 m HTBC: 234 m Kuala Lumpur, 2017 Type: Enclosed Programmatic Type: Building-as-Skybridge HTBC: 210 m Type: Skyplane

200 m

100 m

The skybridge at Petronas The upper skybridge at At American Copper If  ipped on its axis, the The “clip-on” skybridges at Towers, Kuala Lumpur, is The Nation Towers, Tencent Seafront Towers, Buildings, New York City, Ra es City Chongqing, Highlight Towers, Munich, structurally independent Abu Dhabi skybridge Shenzhen, weighs 3,000 it is possible to swim Chongqing, skybridge were meant to be moveable 296 m from the connected contains a luxury four- metric tons, and was between two buildings would almost be a to accommodate changing towers, keeping it steady, bedroom hotel suite, raised by a crane to 160 in a skybridge pool, 87 supertall building, at needs. So far, they have even if the towers sway in complete with a spa. meters’ height. meters above the ground. 296 meters. stayed put. di erent directions.

46 | Tall Buildings in Numbers CTBUH Journal | 2020 Issue III Average Connected-Tower Height vs. Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor

Project appears in the CTBUH Technical Guide The Space Across: Skybridges and the Future City

00

The Gate Shams Ra es City Jumeirah Gate Abu Dhabi Chongqing Dubai, 2020 20 Abu Dhabi, 2013 Chongqing, 2019

The Sentral Residences Gate to the East Kuala Lumpur, 2017 Suzhou, 2015 The Address Torres El Faro Residence Sky View 200 Buenos Aires, 2005 Dubai, 2019 Oxley Towers Nation Towers Golden Eagle Concord Kuala Lumpur, 2021 Abu Dhabi, 2013 CityPlace Parade Square Plaza Toronto, 2013 Nanjing, 2019 Petronas Towers 0 CCTV Headquarters Kuala Lumpur, 1998 Hangzhou American Copper Beijing, 2012 Civic Center Buildings Tencent Seafront Towers Hangzhou, 2012 New York City, 2017 Shenzhen, 2017 00 Bella Sky Daesung D3 City Copenhagen, Seoul, 2011 2011 Raemian Yongsan Highest Occupied Skybridge Floor (m) SkybridgeHighest Floor Occupied Seoul, 2017

0 Highlight Towers Munich, 2004 Raemian Caelitus Linked Hybrid Proximus Towers Seoul, 2015 Beijing, 2009 Brussels, 1994

0 0 00 0 200 20 00 0 00 0 00

Average Height of Connected Towers (m)

Golden Eagle Square Plaza Oxley Towers HOSF: 220 m HOSF: 199 m

The Address Nanjing, 2019 Kuala Lumpur, 2021 Residence Sky View HTBC: 368 m Nation Towers HTBC: 339 m Type: Enclosed Programmatic Type: Enclosed Programmatic HOSF: 224 m HOSF: 206 m CCTV Headquarters The Sentral Dubai, 2019 HOSF: 214 m Abu Dhabi, 2013 HTBC: 264 m HTBC: 268 m Residences Type: Enclosed Programmatic Beijing, 2012 Type: Enclosed Programmatic HOSF: 197 m HTBC: 234 m Kuala Lumpur, 2017 Type: Building-as-Skybridge HTBC: 210 m Type: Skyplane

The skybridge at Petronas The “clip-on” skybridges at Towers, Kuala Lumpur, is The Nation Towers, Highlight Towers, Munich, structurally independent Abu Dhabi skybridge were meant to be moveable from the connected contains a luxury four- to accommodate changing towers, keeping it steady, bedroom hotel suite, needs. So far, they have even if the towers sway in complete with a spa. stayed put. di erent directions.

CTBUH Journal | 2020 Issue III Tall Buildings in Numbers | 47