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Floribunda 5(6) 2017 185 BAMBOO SPECIES

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Floribunda 5(6) 2017 185 BAMBOO SPECIES Floribunda 5(6) 2017 185 BAMBOO SPECIES (POACEAE: BAMBUSOIDEAE) FROM SELAYAR ISLAND Alin Liana1, Purnomo2, Issirep Sumardi3 & Budi Setiadi Daryono4 1Postgraduate student, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University 2Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University 3Laboratory of Plant Structure and Development, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University 4Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University Correspondence: [email protected] Alin Liana, Purnomo, Issirep Sumardi & Budi Setiadi Daryono. 2017. Jenis-jenis Bambu (Poaceae: Bam- busoideae) dari Pulau Selayar. Floribunda 5(6): 185–191. — Delapan spesies dan satu varietas Bambusoi- deae dilaporkan pertama kali dari Pulau Selayar di Sulawesi Selatan. Berdasarkan hasil survei yang di- lakukan, jenis-jenis tersebut yaitu Bambusa blumeana Schult.f., Bambusa maculata Widjaja, Bambusa vul- garis Schard., Bambusa vulgaris Schard. var. vittata, Bambusa sp., Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer, Gigantochloa atter (Hassk.) Kurz, Schizostachyum blumei Ness, dan Schizostachyum brachycladum (Kurz) Kurz. Deskripsi taksonomis dan gambar disajikan. Kata Kunci: Bambu, Pulau Selayar, Sulawesi. Alin Liana, Purnomo, Issirep Sumardi & Budi Setiadi Daryono. 2017. Bamboo Species (Poaceae: Bam- busoideae) from Selayar Island. Floribunda 5(6): 185–191. — Eight species and one variety of Bambusoi- deae are reported for the first time from Selayar Island in South Sulawesi. Based on the results of field sur- vey, those species are namely Bambusa blumeana Schult.f., Bambusa maculata Widjaja, Bambusa vulgaris Schard., Bambusa vulgaris Schard. var. vittata, Bambusa sp., Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer, Gigan- tochloa atter (Hassk.) Kurz, Schizostachyum blumei Ness, and Schizostachyum brachycladum (Kurz) Kurz. Taxonomic descriptions and figures are provided. Keywords: Bamboo, Selayar Island, Sulawesi. Bamboo is giant member of Poaceae be- MATERIALS AND METHODS longs to subfamily Bambusoideae. Total number of bamboo in the world is ca..1,439 species in 116 Study Area. Selayar Island situated in 5o.45’ genera (Bamboo Phylogeny Group 2012) and In- –6o.30’13” South Latitude and 120o.20’.48”– donesia has around 10% of the world bamboo spe- 120o.57’10” East Longitude, with an elevation of 0 cies (Widjaja & Karsono 2005). Local people in to 608 meters height of sea level. Indonesia are using bamboo for transportation, Field surveys. Surveys were conducted du- household or construction means, handycraft, and ring October-November 2014 in the edge of the also in ceremonial or symbolic event (Joedawinata forest near human settlement, banks of river, 2014). With these multiple uses, bamboos continue slopes around Bitombang, Bahorea, Lebo, Koloko- to play important roles in the economy and life lo, and Tabang. style (Das et al. 2008). Sample Observations. Samples were ob- Selayar Island is one of the small islands served directly on the sites in fresh condition and located in the Southern part of Sulawesi (Celebes). documented, then dried to be herbarium speci- The total area of the dry land is 1,357.03 km2 mens. Identification of the collected specimen was (Statistics of Selayar Archipelago Regency 2010). referred to Dransfield & Widjaja (1995) and Due to its geographical position, Selayar Island is Widjaja (2001). assumed to have considerable biological diversity. Herbarium Bogoriense is housed for bamboo spe- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION cimen from Sangihe and Sulawesi but none from Selayar. Since no record of bamboos growing in Bamboos species discovered in Selayar Is- this island, an exploration was undertaken there land are common species for Indonesia, except and the result is herewith reported. Bambusa sp. This research is expected to be a pre- liminary study for further research such as in depth 186 Floribunda 5(6) 2017 study of bamboo diversity or genetic relationship. Culm erect, slightly zigzag, diameter 7.2 cm; inter- Eight species and one variety of bamboos nodes glossy green, glabrous, usually hollow, 28 are recorded from Selayar Island, namely Bambusa cm long; nodes prominent, the lower ones beset blumeana, Bambusa maculata, Bambusa vulgaris, with aerial roots. Branches arising from nearly all Bambusa vulgaris var. vittata, Bambusa sp., Den- nodes, main branches elongated and vine-like, the drocalamus asper, Gigantochloa atter, Schizo- lower ones spreading horizontally and coiled stachyum blumei and Schizostachyum brachy- around culm, developing as spines. Culm sheath up cladum. The present study indicates that Selayar to 30 cm × 25 cm, caducous, densely covered with Island is one of the biodiversity rich regions for dark brown hairs; blade erect, up to 11 cm × 6 cm; bamboo. Detailed features comprising scientific ligule irregularly toothed; auricles lengthwise. Leaf name, synonyms, local name in Selayar Island, blade lanceolate, 13.5 cm × 2.5 cm; ligule flat; au- taxonomic descriptions, figures, habitat, distribu- ricles small. tion, and traditional uses of species is provided Ecology: Growing on the forest floor and below. edge of forest at 500–650 m asl. Wider Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatera, Bambusa blumeana Schult.f. (Figure 1) Java, Lesser Sunda Island, Borneo, Sulawesi), Ma- Synonyms: Bambusa spinosa Blume ex laysia, Thailand, Vietnam, South China and the Nees (1825), B. pungens Blanco (1837), B. arundo Philippines. Blanco (1845). Uses: The culms are used as construction Local Name: Uhu’ Duri, Bulo Katinting material, furniture, and firewood. Description: Forming dense clumps. Culm Specimen examined: SLY 7A Bitombang. shoots with yellowish-green sheaths and blades. A B C Figure 1. Bambusa blumeana: A. Habit; B. Culm sheath; C. Leaf blade. Bambusa maculata Widjaja (Figure 2) Ecology: Grow in river banks at 140–150 m Synonym: Bambusa vulgaris Schard ex asl. Wendl. (p.p.) Wider Distribution: Java, Bali, Lesser Sunda Local Name: Oro Batti, Tarri Island, Sangihe Island. Description: Forming dense clumps. Culm Uses: The culms are used for furniture or as shoots green with yellow strip in sheaths. Culm material for constructing aisle in wedding ceremo- erect, slightly zigzag, 6 cm in diameter near the ny. base; internodes 25–30 cm long, green, when Specimens examined: SLY 9A Bahorea; young green with yellow stripes in the lower ones SLY 9B Bahorea; SLY 9C Bahorea. and become green with brown to black spot when mature, glabrous, hollow; nodes prominent, the Bambusa vulgaris Schard. (Figure 3) lower ones bearing aerial roots. Branches less than Synonyms: Bambusa thouarsii Kunth 1 m from the base, angled upward, 1 dominant (1822), B. surinamensis Ruprecht (1839), Leleba with further branches from the node. Culm sheath vulgaris (Scharder ex Wendland) Nakai (1933). up to 36 × 26 cm, caducous, covered with dark Local Name: Oro brown hairs; blade erect, 25 × 7.5 cm, remaining Description: Open tufted, sympodial bam- attached; ligule irregularly toothed; auricles wharp- boo. Culm shoots yellow-green covered with black ed. Leaf blade lanceolate, 13.5 cm × 2.5 cm, green hairs. Culm erect and arching over, slightly zigzag, on both surfaces; ligule flat; auricles small. 7–8 cm in diameter; internodes 20–25 cm long, Floribunda 5(6) 2017 187 glossy green in var. vulgaris or yellow with green auricles small rounded lobes. stripes in var. vittata (Figure 4), glabrous; nodes Ecology: Grows in river banks or planted as prominent, the lower ones bearing aerial roots. an ornamental at 140–260 m asl. Branches after nodes, 4–5 at each node with prima- Wider Distribution: in South-East Asia it is ry branch dominant. Culm sheath caducous, 23–25 the most commonly encountered cultivated bam- cm × 27–37 cm, covered with appressed brown boo. hairs, glaucous; blade erect, triangular, 10–14 cm × Uses: local people use this bamboo for fen- 6–9 cm, remaining attached; ligule slightly serrat- ces or as ornament. ed; auricles relatively large. Leaf blade lanceolate, Specimens examined: SLY 3A Lebo; SLY 22–26 cm × 3–4 cm, green, glabrous; ligule flat; 3B Lebo; SLY 3C Kolokolo; SLY 5A Kolokolo A B C Figure 2. Bambusa maculata: A. Young culm; B. Leaf blade; C. Culm sheath. B C A Figure 3. Bambusa vulgaris: A. Habit; B. Culm sheath; C. Leaf blade. A B C Figure 4. Bambusa vulgaris var. vittata: A. Branches; B. Culm shoot; C. Leaf blade. 188 Floribunda 5(6) 2017 Bambusa sp. (Figure 5) auricles rounded. Leaf blade lanceolate 32–39 cm Local Name: Bulo Batti × 5 cm, glabrous; ligule irregularly toothed; auri- Description: Forming dense clumps. Roots cles small. sticking in the surface. Culm erect, diameter 7–9 Ecology: Growing in river banks at 106–150 cm near the base; internodes 22–29 cm long, dark m asl. green with brown to black spot when mature, glau- Wider Distribution: probably an endemic cous; nodes prominent. Branches arising from mid- species for Selayar Island. culm, upper branches angled upward, lower re- Uses: The culm is used as material for flexed, one dominant with further branches from household utensils (e.g. furniture, beds) and handi- the node. Culm sheath 28–32 cm × 17–18 cm, ca- crafts (e.g. lampshades, pencil-case, and ashtray). ducous, with brown hairs on the outer side; blade Specimens examined: SLY 1A Lebo; SLY erect, about 23–38 cm × 3–5 cm; ligule toothed; 1B Lebo; SLY 1C Lebo. B C A Figure 5. Bambusa sp.: A. Habit; B. Culm sheath; C. Leaf blade. Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer (Figure 6) upper nodes only, 1 dominant with further branch- Synonyms: Bambusa aspera Schultes f. es from the node. Culm sheath 46–23 cm, cadu- (1830), Dendrocalamus flagellifer Munro (1866), cous, covered with appressed brown hairs; blade Gigantochloa aspera (Schultes f.) Kurz (1876), reflexed, 55 × 8 cm; ligule lacerate; auricle promi- Dendrocalamus merrillianus (Elmer) Elmer nent. Leaf blade lanceolate, 31 × 6 cm, rough; li- (1915). gule very short; auricles absent. Local Name: Pattung Ecology: Grow in river banks and edge of Description: Forming dense clumps. Culm forest at 106–155 m asl. shoots purplefish-black covered with black hairs. Wider Distribution: Indonesia (e.g. Suma- Culm erect and arching over, 11–12 cm in diame- tera, East Java, South Sulawesi, Seram, Western ter near the base; internodes 30–40 cm long, green Papua), Malaysia (e.g.
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