762 USC-ISI Internet Experiment Note: 127 January 1980
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On IP Networking Over Tactical Links
On IP Networking over Tactical Links Claude Bilodeau The work described in this document was sponsored by the Department of National Defence under Work Unit 5co. Defence R&D Canada √ Ottawa TECHNICAL REPORT DRDC Ottawa TR 2003-099 Communications Research Centre CRC-RP-2003-008 August 2003 On IP networking over tactical links Claude Bilodeau Communications Research Centre The work described in this document was sponsored by the Department of National Defence under Work Unit 5co. Defence R&D Canada - Ottawa Technical Report DRDC Ottawa TR 2003-099 Communications Research Centre CRC RP-2003-008 August 2003 © Her Majesty the Queen as represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2003 © Sa majesté la reine, représentée par le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2003 Abstract This report presents a cross section or potpourri of the numerous issues that surround the tech- nical development of military IP networking over disadvantaged network links. In the first sec- tion, multi-media services are discussed with regard to three aspects: applications, operational characteristics and service models. The second section focuses on subnetworks and bearers; mainly impairments caused by characteristics of the wireless environment. An overview of the Iris tactical bearers is provided as an example of a tactical IP environment. The last section looks at how IP can integrate these two elements i.e. multi-media services and impaired sub- network links. These three sections are unified by a common theme, quality of service, which runs in the background of the discussions. Résumé Ce rapport présente une coupe transversale ou pot-pourri de questions reliées au développe- ment technique des réseaux militaires IP pour des liaisons défavorisées. -
2606 A. Panitz BCP: 32 June 1999 Category: Best Current Practice
Network Working Group D. Eastlake Request for Comments: 2606 A. Panitz BCP: 32 June 1999 Category: Best Current Practice Reserved Top Level DNS Names Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved. Abstract To reduce the likelihood of conflict and confusion, a few top level domain names are reserved for use in private testing, as examples in documentation, and the like. In addition, a few second level domain names reserved for use as examples are documented. Table of Contents 1. Introduction............................................1 2. TLDs for Testing, & Documentation Examples..............2 3. Reserved Example Second Level Domain Names..............2 4. IANA Considerations.....................................3 5. Security Considerations.................................3 References.................................................3 Authors' Addresses.........................................4 Full Copyright Statement...................................5 1. Introduction The global Internet Domain Name System is documented in [RFC 1034, 1035, 1591] and numerous additional Requests for Comment. It defines a tree of names starting with root, ".", immediately below which are top level domain names such as ".com" and ".us". Below top level domain names there are normally additional levels of names. Eastlake & Panitz Best Current Practice [Page 1] RFC 2606 Reserved Top Level DNS Names June 1999 2. TLDs for Testing, & Documentation Examples There is a need for top level domain (TLD) names that can be used for creating names which, without fear of conflicts with current or future actual TLD names in the global DNS, can be used for private testing of existing DNS related code, examples in documentation, DNS related experimentation, invalid DNS names, or other similar uses. -
Network Working Group J. Postel Request for Comments: 820 J. Vernon January 1983 Obsoletes Rfcs
Network Working Group J. Postel Request for Comments: 820 J. Vernon January 1983 Obsoletes RFCs: 790, 776, 770, 762, 758, 755, 750, 739, 604, 503, 433, 349 Obsoletes IENs: 127, 117, 93 ASSIGNED NUMBERS This Network Working Group Request for Comments documents the currently assigned values from several series of numbers used in network protocol implementations. This RFC will be updated periodically, and in any case current information can be obtained from Jon Postel. The assignment of numbers is also handled by Jon, subject to the agreement between DARPA/IPTO and DDN/PMO about number allocation, documented in Appendix A of this RFC. If you are developing a protocol or application that will require the use of a link, socket, port, protocol, or network number please contact Jon to receive a number assignment. Jon Postel USC - Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, California 90291 phone: (213) 822-1511 ARPANET mail: POSTEL@ISIF The ARPANET community is making the transition form the ARPANET to the ARPA Internet. This has been characterized as the NCP/TCP transition [63], although many other the protocols are involved, too. The working documents for the new Internet environment have been collected by the Network Information Center (NIC) in a book entitled the "Internet Protocol Transition Workbook" [62]. Most of the protocols mentioned here are documented in the RFC series of notes. The more prominent and more generally used are documented in the "Internet Protocol Transition Workbook" or in the old "Protocol Handbook" [17] prepared by the NIC. Some of the items listed are undocumented. -
Network Working Group J. Reynolds Request for Comments: 923 J
Network Working Group J. Reynolds Request for Comments: 923 J. Postel ISI Obsoletes RFCs: 900, 870, 820, October 1984 790, 776, 770, 762, 758, 755, 750, 739, 604, 503, 433, 349 Obsoletes IENs: 127, 117, 93 ASSIGNED NUMBERS Status of this Memo This memo is an official status report on the numbers used in protocols in the ARPA-Internet community. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Introduction This Network Working Group Request for Comments documents the currently assigned values from several series of numbers used in network protocol implementations. This RFC will be updated periodically, and in any case current information can be obtained from Joyce Reynolds. The assignment of numbers is also handled by Joyce. If you are developing a protocol or application that will require the use of a link, socket, port, protocol, network number, etc., please contact Joyce to receive a number assignment. Joyce Reynolds USC - Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey, California 90292-6695 Phone: (213) 822-1511 ARPA mail: [email protected] Most of the protocols mentioned here are documented in the RFC series of notes. The more prominent and more generally used are documented in the "Internet Protocol Transition Workbook" [33] or in the old "ARPANET Protocol Handbook" [34] prepared by the NIC. Some of the items listed are undocumented. Further information on protocols can be found in the memo "Official ARPA-Internet Protocols" [89]. In all cases the name and mailbox of the responsible individual is indicated. In the lists that follow, a bracketed entry, e.g., [nn,iii], at the right hand margin of the page indicates a reference for the listed protocol, where the number ("nn") cites the document and the letters ("iii") cites the person. -
1117 M. Stahl Obsoletes Rfcs: 1062, 1020, 997, 990, 960, 943, M
Network Working Group S. Romano Request for Comments: 1117 M. Stahl Obsoletes RFCs: 1062, 1020, 997, 990, 960, 943, M. Recker 923, 900, 870, 820, 790, 776, 770, 762, SRI-NIC 758, 755, 750, 739, 604, 503, 433, 349 August 1989 Obsoletes IENs: 127, 117, 93 INTERNET NUMBERS Status of this Memo This memo is an official status report on the network numbers and the autonomous system numbers used in the Internet community. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Introduction This Network Working Group Request for Comments documents the currently assigned network numbers and gateway autonomous systems. This RFC will be updated periodically, and in any case current information can be obtained from Hostmaster at the DDN Network Information Center (NIC). Hostmaster DDN Network Information Center SRI International 333 Ravenswood Avenue Menlo Park, California 94025 Phone: 1-800-235-3155 Network mail: [email protected] Most of the protocols used in the Internet are documented in the RFC series of notes. Some of the items listed are undocumented. Further information on protocols can be found in the memo "Official Internet Protocols" [40]. The more prominent and more generally used are documented in the "DDN Protocol Handbook" [17] prepared by the NIC. Other collections of older or obsolete protocols are contained in the "Internet Protocol Transition Workbook" [18], or in the "ARPANET Protocol Transition Handbook" [19]. For further information on ordering the complete 1985 DDN Protocol Handbook, contact the Hostmaster. Also, the Internet Activities Board (IAB) publishes the "IAB Official Protocol Standards" [52], which describes the state of standardization of protocols used in the Internet. -
The Internet and Isi: Four Decades of Innovation
THE INTERNET AND ISI: FOUR DECADES OF INNOVATION ROD BECKSTROM President and Chief Executive Officer Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) 40th Anniversary of USC Information Sciences Institute 26 April 2012 As prepared for delivery It’s an honor to be here today to mark the 40th anniversary of the University of Southern California’s Information Sciences Institute. Thank you to Herb Schorr for inviting me to speak with you today and participate in the day’s events. When he steps down he will leave some very large shoes to fill. When I received Herb’s invitation, I seized upon it as an opportunity to come before you to express the sincere gratitude that my colleagues and I feel for the work and support of ISI. When I think of ICANN and its development, and all we have accomplished, I never forget that we stand upon the shoulders of giants, many of whom contributed to my remarks today. In fact, I owe a special debt of gratitude to Bob Kahn, who has been a mentor to me. I am honored that he took the time to walk through a number of details in the history I have been asked to relate. The organizers asked me to speak about the history of ISI and ICANN. They also invited me to talk a bit about the future of the Internet. In my role as President and CEO of ICANN, I have many speaking engagements that are forward looking. They are opportunities to talk about ICANN’s work and how it will usher in the next phase in the history of the global, unified Internet that many of you have helped to create. -
Network Working Group N. Freed Request for Comments: 2049 Innosoft Obsoletes: 1521, 1522, 1590 N
Network Working Group N. Freed Request for Comments: 2049 Innosoft Obsoletes: 1521, 1522, 1590 N. Borenstein Category: Standards Track First Virtual November 1996 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Five: Conformance Criteria and Examples Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract STD 11, RFC 822, defines a message representation protocol specifying considerable detail about US-ASCII message headers, and leaves the message content, or message body, as flat US-ASCII text. This set of documents, collectively called the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, or MIME, redefines the format of messages to allow for (1) textual message bodies in character sets other than US-ASCII, (2) an extensible set of different formats for non-textual message bodies, (3) multi-part message bodies, and (4) textual header information in character sets other than US-ASCII. These documents are based on earlier work documented in RFC 934, STD 11, and RFC 1049, but extends and revises them. Because RFC 822 said so little about message bodies, these documents are largely orthogonal to (rather than a revision of) RFC 822. The initial document in this set, RFC 2045, specifies the various headers used to describe the structure of MIME messages. The second document defines the general structure of the MIME media typing system and defines an initial set of media types. -
How Constructing the DNS Shaped Internet Governance
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Malcic, Steven Article The problem of future users: how constructing the DNS shaped internet governance Internet Policy Review Provided in Cooperation with: Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society (HIIG), Berlin Suggested Citation: Malcic, Steven (2016) : The problem of future users: how constructing the DNS shaped internet governance, Internet Policy Review, ISSN 2197-6775, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Berlin, Vol. 5, Iss. 3, pp. 1-13, http://dx.doi.org/10.14763/2016.3.434 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/214028 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten -
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet
The People Who Invented the Internet Source: Wikipedia's History of the Internet PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:49:54 UTC Contents Articles History of the Internet 1 Barry Appelman 26 Paul Baran 28 Vint Cerf 33 Danny Cohen (engineer) 41 David D. Clark 44 Steve Crocker 45 Donald Davies 47 Douglas Engelbart 49 Charles M. Herzfeld 56 Internet Engineering Task Force 58 Bob Kahn 61 Peter T. Kirstein 65 Leonard Kleinrock 66 John Klensin 70 J. C. R. Licklider 71 Jon Postel 77 Louis Pouzin 80 Lawrence Roberts (scientist) 81 John Romkey 84 Ivan Sutherland 85 Robert Taylor (computer scientist) 89 Ray Tomlinson 92 Oleg Vishnepolsky 94 Phil Zimmermann 96 References Article Sources and Contributors 99 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 102 Article Licenses License 103 History of the Internet 1 History of the Internet The history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. This began with point-to-point communication between mainframe computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point connections between computers and then early research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks. In 1982 the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. -
(Jake) Feinler
Oral History of Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler Interviewed by: Marc Weber Recorded: September 10, 2009 Mountain View, California Editor’s note: Material in [square brackets] has been added by Jake Feinler CHM Reference number: X5378.2009 © 2009 Computer History Museum Oral History of Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler Marc Weber: I’m Marc Weber from the Computer History Museum, and I’m here today, September 10th, 2009, with “Jake” Elizabeth Feinler, who was the director of the Network Information Systems Center at SRI. [This group provided the Network Information Center (NIC) for the Arpanet and the Defense Data Network (DDN), a project for which she was the principal investigator from 1973 until 1991. Earlier she was a member of Douglas Engelbart’s Augmentation Research Center (ARC) at SRI [which [housed] the second computer on the Arpanet. It was on this computer that the NIC resided initially.] Jake is also a volunteer here at the museum. [She has donated an extensive collection of early Internet papers to the museum, and has been working on organizing this collection for some time.] Thank you for joining us. Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler: My pleasure. Weber: I really just wanted to start with where did you grow up and what got you interested in technical things or things related to this. Feinler: [Originally I hoped to pursue a career in advertising design, but could not afford the freshman room and board away from home, so I began attending West Liberty State College (now West Liberty University) close to my home. West Liberty was very small then, and the] art department [wasn’t very good. -
Discussion Paper: an Analysis of the "New IP" Proposal to the ITU-T
Discussion Paper: An analysis of the "New IP" proposal to the ITU-T Hascall Sharp (author), Olaf Kolkman (Internet Society editor) This is a discussion paper. This paper represents the Internet Society’s emerging opinion, but does not represent a final Internet Society position. Instead, we intend it as a means to gather information and insight from our community on the topic. Comments are welcome. Contact the authors directly on [email protected] or post to the [email protected] mailing list, which is public and archived. Executive Summary The Internet continues to evolve at a rapid pace. New services, applications, and protocols are being developed and deployed in many areas, including recently: a new transport protocol (QUIC), enhancements in how the Domain Name System (DNS) is accessed, and mechanisms to support deterministic applications over Ethernet and IP networks. These changes are only possible because the community involved includes everyone from content providers, to Internet Service Providers, to browser developers, to equipment manufacturers, to researchers, to users, and more. Given this backdrop it is concerning that a proposal has been made to ITU-T1 to "start a further long- term research now and in the next “study period" to develop a "top-down design for the future network." A tutorial/presentation has also been given at several ITU-T meetings supporting this proposal and providing more detail. The proposal refers to this future network as the "New IP protocol system" and claims the following challenges faced by the current network (the Internet) as the primary reasons for a new architecture: • The need to support heterogeneous networks (called ManyNets2) and the need to support "more types of devices into the future network." "[T]he current network system risks becoming 'islands" • The need to support Deterministic Forwarding globally. -
Steve Crocker Resume
STEPHEN D. CROCKER 5110 Edgemoor Lane Bethesda, MD 20814 Mobile: (301) 526-4569 [email protected] SUMMARY Over 50 years of experience in the industrial, academic and government environments involving a wide range of computing and network technologies with specialization in networking and security. Strong background in formal methods, including PhD thesis creating a new logic for reasoning about the correct operation of machine language programs and the development of a program verification system to demonstrate the method. Managed numerous innovative research and development efforts benefiting private industry and government interests. Extensive involvement in the development of the Internet, including development of the initial suite of protocols for the Arpanet, the creation of the RFC series of documents, and multiple involvements in the IETF, ISOC and ICANN organizations. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE BBQ Group 2018-present Founder, leader Development of framework and model for expressing possible, desired and existing registration data directory services policies governing collection, labeling and responses to authorized requests. Shinkuro, Inc., Bethesda, MD 2002-present Co-founder, Chief Executive Officer Development of information-sharing, collaboration and related tools for peer-to-peer cooperative work and inter-platform information management. Coordination of deployment of the DNS security protocol, DNSSEC, throughout the Internet. Longitude Systems, Inc., Chantilly, VA 1999-2001 Co-founder, Chief Executive Officer Development and sale of infrastructure tools for ISPs. Overall direction and management of the company including P&L responsibility, funding, marketing, and technical direction. Executive DSL, LLC, Bethesda, MD 1999-2001 Founder, Chief Executive Officer Creation and operation of DSL-based ISP using Covad and Bell Atlantic DSL circuits.