Strategies for Innovative and Effective ICT Components & Systems Manufacturing in Europe

Case Studies Annex

ANNEX TO THE FINAL REPORT

A study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content & Technology

This study was carried out for the European Commission by

Authors : Gabriella Cattaneo, Stefania Aguzzi, Alain Pétrissans, Stéphane Krawczyk, Sebastien Lamour, Henrik Noes Piester, Malene Stidsen

Internal identification Contract number: 30-CE-0455328/00-14 SMART number: 2011/0063

DISCLAIMER By the European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content & Technology. The information and views set out in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein.

ISBN 978-92-79-30927-4 DOI: 10.2759/24160

2.1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ...... 3 2.1 Figures ...... 4 2.2 Tables...... 4 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Criteria of selection of in-depth clusters ...... 6 2 In-depth European clusters profiles 7 2.1 Cambridge High-tech Cluster, UK ...... 7 2.2 Cluster Mechatronik Automation, Germany ...... 11 2.3 Mi-Cluster (Corallia), Greece ...... 14 2.4 Me2C, Austria ...... 16 2.5 PrintoCent cluster, Finland ...... 19 2.6 Systematic Paris Region, France ...... 22 3 In-depth International clusters profiles 25 3.1 China ICT Components Cluster: Yangtze River Delta ...... 25 3.2 South Korea ICT Components Cluster: Chungnam & Daejeon ...... 28 3.3 US Northwest Silicon Forest Cluster ...... 31 4 Short EU Clusters Profiles 33 4.1 ARCSIS - SCS Sophia Antipolis, France ...... 33 4.2 Bayern Photonics Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany...... 34 4.3 BCS (Business Cluster Semiconductors East Netherlands), Netherlands ...... 35 4.4 Birmingham Science Park Aston's, Optical Performance Centre (OPC), UK ...... 36 4.5 Center for Microsystems Technology Berlin, Germany ...... 37 4.6 Cluster MicroTEC Südwest/ MST BW Association, Germany...... 38 4.7 Distretto della meccatronica, Italy ...... 39 4.8 Distretto Tecnologico Etna Valley, Italy...... 40 4.9 DSP Valley, Belgium ...... 41 4.10 Electronics Sensors Photonics KTN, UK ...... 42 4.11 ELIKO Technology Competence Centre in Electronics, Estonia ...... 43 4.12 ELOPSYS Limoges, France ...... 44 4.13 Flanders Mechatronics Technology Centre, Belgium ...... 45 4.14 GAIA, Spain ...... 46 4.15 Hightech Itzehoe, Germany ...... 47 4.16 Hessen-Nanotech, Wiesbaden, Germany ...... 48 4.17 InnovationLab — Forum Organic Electronics, Germany ...... 49 4.18 iNets Microelectronics South West, UK ...... 50 4.19 Kompetenznetzwerk Mechatronik Göppingen, Germany ...... 51 4.20 Mechatronics Cluster Bulgaria Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria ...... 52 4.21 Mechatronik Cluster, Austria ...... 53 4.22 Microtechniques Besançon, France...... 54 4.23 Mikro-Nano-Thüringen, Germany ...... 55 4.24 Minalogic Grenoble, France ...... 56 4.25 Minatech-RO, Romania ...... 57 4.26 mst-Netzwerk Rhein-Main e.V., Germany ...... 58 4.27 Nanoimprint Lithography Project Cluster, Austria ...... 59 4.28 NanOp Berlin, Germany ...... 60 4.29 Nanotechnology Cluster Programme Jyväskylä — Oulu Region, Finland ...... 61

4.30 Nanotechnology competence centre UPOB Braunschweig, Germany ...... 62 4.31 NanoValleyeu Eggenstein-Leopoldshwafwen, Germany ...... 63 4.32 OPTITEC /Photonique Marseille, France ...... 64 4.33 Organic Electronics Saxony, Germany ...... 65 4.34 Pannon Mechatronics Cluster (PANEL), Hungary ...... 66 4.35 PEC4, Spain ...... 67 4.36 Printed Electronics Area (PEA), Sweden ...... 68 4.37 Silicon Saxony, Germany ...... 69 4.38 Silicon SouthWest, UK ...... 70 4.39 UFS - CC Ultrathin Functional Films, Dresden, Germany...... 71 4.40 Zentrum für Mikroproduktion Braunschweig, Germany ...... 72 5 Switzerland Clusters Profiles 73 5.1 Micro Center Central-Switzerland Postfach, Switzerland ...... 73 5.2 Micronarc, Switzerland ...... 74 6 Short International Clusters Profiles 75 6.1 Arizona ICT Components Cluster, US ...... 75 6.2 Austin Texas ICT components cluster, US...... 76 6.3 Northeast ICT Components Cluster, US ...... 77 6.4 Southern California ICT Components Cluster, US ...... 78

2.2 FIGURES

Figure 1 High Tech Establishments and Employment in Cambridge Shire 1960-2006...... 8 Figure 2 Chungcheong Pan Regional Cluster ...... 29

2.3 TABLES

Table 1 Total Number of Clusters Profiles ...... 5 Table 2 - List of in-depth Clusters Profiles and Main actors ...... 6

1 INTRODUCTION

This is the Case Studies Annex to the Final Study Report (D4) of the Study "Strategies for Innovative and Effective ICT Components and Systems Manufacturing in Europe" entrusted by the European Commission DG Connect to IDC and FORA. This report includes:

• 6 in-depth European Clusters profiles and 3 in-depth international Clusters profiles, based on desk research and interviews carried out by IDC and FORA analysts; • The short profiles of 42 European clusters and of 7 international clusters, based on the results of the web survey carried out in May-July 2012 and a phone survey carried out in October 2012, plus desk research. Table 1 Total Number of Clusters Profiles

N. of Clusters Profiles Europe International total in depth profiles 6 3 9 Short profiles - EU 40 7 47 Short Profiles - SW 2 2 Total 48 10 58

The definition of cluster used for the purpose of this study was the following: "groupings of independent undertakings — innovative start-ups, small, medium, and large undertakings as well as research organisations — operating in a particular sector and region and designed to stimulate innovative activity by promoting intensive interactions, sharing of facilities and exchange of knowledge and expertise and by contributing effectively to technology transfer, networking, and information dissemination among the undertakings in the cluster." In more general terms, clusters can be defined as a group of firms, related economic actors, and institutions that are located near each other and have reached a sufficient scale to develop specialised expertise, services, resources, suppliers and skills1." The clusters selected are all active in the ICT components and systems market, which includes: Materials: selected clusters focus mainly on nanotechnologies research and development. Semiconductors: selected clusters focus mainly on nano-electronics and micro-electronics. Active components: selected clusters focus mainly on photonics and sensors. Products design and assemblies: selected clusters focus mainly on Mechatronics, software / embedded system and systems design. High Tech device and products: selected clusters focus mainly on computers, peripherals, servers, storage, networking, telecommunication products but also automotive, medical/health and industrial products.

It has to be noted that some clusters address several market segments and are not so much focused on only one area of ICT components and systems value chain. Independently of the market segment addressed, each cluster can be specialized in one part or all parts of the value chain. As a reminder, the ICT components value chain is composed of 6 different activities: • IC (Interface Circuit), MEMS (Micro-electromechanical systems) & Sensor Design. • Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment). • Back-End (Packaging & Equipment). • Assembly & Test.

1 Community Framework for State Aid for Research and Development and Innovation

• Industrial products and systems solutions. • Other (includes activities that are directly related to the manufacturing value chain, but that cannot be precisely classified with the 5 previous categories) The following criteria were used to qualify clusters:

• Involvement in the related industries: materials, semiconductors, active components, products design and assemblies, high tech device and products • Involvement in ICT components manufacturing activities. The services provided by the clusters were also qualification criteria. We selected clusters which are active in the domains of funding, promoting and coordinating R&D and innovations initiatives and programs for their members.

1.1 CRITERIA OF SELECTION OF IN-DEPTH CLUSTERS

The following clusters were selected for in-depth analysis, in agreement with the EC, based on the following criteria: • High relevance in the ICT components market and recognized success in the market, or at least leading role in the national industry; • Interesting/ effective funding models based on innovative and effective policies/programmes or financial measures in support of electronics manufacturing; • Geographical coverage: these clusters represent a selection of EU Member States, from Northern and Southern Europe, including the most relevant countries for semiconductor manufacturing (Germany and France). The main goal of the in-depth case studies was to identify and analyse the various funding and organisational models and contribute to the comparative analysis of the most effective policy and funding measures. The list of case studies is reported below.

Table 2 - List of in-depth Clusters Profiles and Main actors

In-depth European Clusters Profiles Cluster names Main cluster actors ARM Ltd, Microsoft Research, Autonomy, CSR, Domino, Cambridge Network, UK Frontier Silicon Ltd, Schlumberger Cluster Mechatronik Automation, Siemens AG Sector Healthcare, Sensodrive GmbH, MAN Germany Diesel & Turbo SE, ABM Greiffenberger Hellenic Semiconductor Industry Association, Inaccess R&D Corallia, Greece Centre, Apix industrial automation, Helic Flextronics International GmbH, Infineon Technologies Austria Me2C, Austria AG, Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Österreich, ASTRON Electronic GmbH PrintoCent cluster, Finland BASF Group, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Alcatel Lucent, Thales, Alstom, Dassault, Gemalto, Renault, Systematic, Paris Region, France EADS, Freescale, Intel, MBDA, Messier Dowty, Safran, Sagem, STMicroelectronics, Valeo In-depth International Clusters Profiles Chungnam & Daejeon ICT IBM, Microsoft, Intel, HP, Bosch, ROHM Semiconductor, SK Components Cluster South Korea Hynix, Samsung Electronics Yangtze River Delta, ICT HP, Lenovo, Intel, Infineon, IBM, Foxconn, Compal, Wistron Components Cluster China US Northwest ICT Components Intel, ON Semiconductor, Microsoft Cluster Source: IDC, FORA 2012

2 IN-DEPTH EUROPEAN CLUSTERS PROFILES

2.1 CAMBRIDGE HIGH-TECH CLUSTER, UK

Name Cambridge High Tech Cluster Country United Kingdom Region Cambridgeshire The Cambridge high-tech cluster arose around the university of Cambridge since the 1960s Origins and has been growing ever since, with a strong acceleration in the 1990s. The Cambridge Network company providing services of networking and interaction was created in 1998. IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The Cambridge cluster is focused on high-tech/ IT/ telecoms, life science/ health care, software and media and increasingly also clean tech. There is however an industrial Social diversity in the region where the two big sub regions of Cambridge city and South economics Cambridgeshire show different specialisations. While both regions are strong in R&D, the status Cambridge city area is specialised in computer services and telecommunications. South Cambridgeshire on the other hand is strong in manufacturing and engineering. Cambridge Network's mission is to help its members to grow and increase in competitiveness, cooperating to leverage research results and technology innovation. The Goal cluster is supported also by Cambridge Enterprise, responsible for commercialisation arrangements for University discoveries with three main activities: technology transfer services, consultancy services for new businesses, and seed funding. The Cambridge Network company has 1400 members including corporations and SMEs. Members Example are: ARM Ltd, Microsoft Research, Autonomy, CSR, Domino, Frontier Silicon Ltd, Schlumberger Contact Hilary Laing (COO and CFO) [email protected] Web site www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk

Description

The Cambridge cluster has been a hotspot for high tech development and entrepreneurship for many years. A key actor in the cluster is the University of Cambridge. Between 2001 and 2006, the University of Cambridge directly contributed to the creation of 20% of innovative companies in the cluster. A milestone in the development of the cluster was the establishment of the first consultancy in 1960, as a spin-out from the University of Cambridge to bring technology and research to the market on a commercial basis. Today there are 16 consultancies in the cluster involved in technology transfer and start-up activities. Another important milestone for the Cambridge cluster was the establishment of the Cambridge Science Park in 1970, the first science park in Cambridge. In the first 10 years after the establishment of the science park, more than 300 companies were set up in the area. Today there are 10 science parks in the cluster. The Cambridge cluster is focused on high-tech/ IT/ telecoms, life science/ health care, software and media and increasingly also clean tech. There is however an industrial diversity in the region where the two big sub regions of Cambridge city and South Cambridgeshire show different specialisations. While both regions are strong in R&D, the Cambridge city area is specialised in computer services and telecommunications. South Cambridgeshire on the other hand is strong in manufacturing and engineering. The four largest ICT companies in the Cambridge cluster, ARM, Autonomy, CSR and Domino

7 employ just over 2,000 people, or almost 5% of the total number of employees in the cluster.

Economic background and importance

During 1993-1998 around 1,000 high-tech companies established offices in the Cambridge cluster. In 2008 there were 1,500 high tech companies, in comparison to 360 companies in 1985. And in 2010, a few years into the global financial crisis, there were 1,400 technology-based firms employing 41,000 people.

Figure 1 High Tech Establishments and Employment in Cambridge Shire 1960- 2006

Source: Stam, E. & Garnsey, E., 2009

Along with the rest of the world, the Cambridge cluster saw a reduction in new companies starting up between 2008 and 2010 and also a fall in employment. During those years the majority of employment losses were caused by large firms downsizing. The number of jobs created by expanding firms declined in the same time period while new jobs created by new firms reached the lowest level ever seen, suggesting that the start-ups firms were mainly micro firms. However, while large firms had to get rid of employees, they still experienced an increase in average firm size. According to reports, high tech companies in the Cambridge cluster secured more than 25% of the UK's venture capital investments and more than 8% of the European total by value in 2004. In 2008, the number of innovative companies backed by venture capital funds was 112 in the cluster. This is one of the highest concentrations in Europe — third place after London and Paris. The IPR policy at the University of Cambridge is liberal in comparison to most other universities in the UK. IPR are not automatically assigned to the university, but the academics can claim ownerships of their own inventions. This policy has granted significant independence to scientists in negotiating IPR with industrial sponsors and engaging in research commercialisation. This open view on IPR is considered one of the main reasons for the development of the Cambridge Cluster2. Another factor leading to the success of the cluster has been the adaptability of companies towards finding new business models and eliminating the ones that no longer worked. Originating as a cluster with many manufacturing companies, the last decade has seen an increase in assembly operations being outsourced while the companies in

2 Minshall et al., 2004

8 the cluster have focused on design and research resulting in related industries like software growing3. The business model has changed for many companies and is now based on technology licensing. This has resulted in a change from high-tech manufacturing to high-tech R&D services in technology related sectors4. The company Advanced RISC Manufactures (ARM) exemplifies this change in company behaviour where manufacturing is avoided and instead licensing is used. See box below for a short case study on ARM. Finally, the Cambridge cluster has been successful in creating an ecosystem for entrepreneurs. Networks facilitated by a range of different actors have also played an important role in the success of the Cambridge cluster. Organisation such as Cambridge Network and Cambridge University Local Industry Links all participate in creating an ecosystem for scientists and entrepreneurs, where spill over effect are high5. A more detailed description is found later in the case study.

CASE: Advanced RISC Manufactures ARM (Advanced RISC Manufactures) is a spin-off from the hardware company Acorn. Acorn produced and sold home computer kits. They developed a range of hardware and software products, and their R&D department created a range of new technologies. Acorn invested in a new and promising area designing and manufacturing RISC (reduced instruction set chips), which could be embedded in various products. The new area became a subsidiary of Acorn (Advanced RISC Manufactures) in 1983 and was later spun off as an independent subsidiary ARM. However, the UK market was small, making it necessary to rely on exports to survive. Poor manufacturing abilities in the UK made it hard for firms to undertake manufacture of science-based products. ARM used a new business model where its focus was on designing chips, but not manufacturing them. Instead of subcontracting manufacturing, they chose the licensing route to selling their technology. Today about 95% of mobile phones have ARM chips in them and they have thereby overtaken Intel's position in the market. ARM design the chips in the UK. The factories that produce the chips are very expensive to establish. So instead ARM sells their design to other companies that need a chip in their product (e.g. Nokia) and let them manufacture it at their plants. The chips are very complicated to design and therefore hard to copy. Several other companies in the Cambridge cluster have taken the same route. Source: Athreye, 2000; Ruskin, 2012

Funding

The cluster has established an ecosystem for funding with help from related clusters and has developed organically with minimum help from government initiatives. A number of institutions have been set up to facilitate collaboration and technology transfer in the cluster. An important institution is Cambridge Enterprise (CE), which is responsible for commercialisation arrangements for University discoveries and works in three areas: technology transfer services, consultancy services for new businesses, and seed funding. In 2012, CE had a £9.1 million income from licensing, consultancy and equity transactions, of which £7.5 million was returned to the University, academics and departments. The cluster has a number of financial actors, critical to the development of early stage companies, and specialised services including technical design consultancies and providers of specialised business services 6 . Financial actors include various venture capital firms and business angel networks such as Cambridge Capital Group and Cambridge Angels. The business angels and seed companies are decisive for the cluster. The angels and seed companies provide the necessary funds to start projects to create business in the very early and risky phases, which are the most difficult to mobilise. There is venture capital of 800-900 million pounds in the cluster enabling the launch of innovative companies, and the amount invested per start-up as seed capital in the

3 Andersen et al, 2012 4 Athreye, 2000 5 IDC, 2007 6 Andersen et al, 2012

Cambridge cluster is on average 70,000 pounds. Resale or IPO usually occurs within 10 years7. The South East economy which Cambridge borders on, has several important public and private sector laboratories, and has consistently received more public R&D funding than any other region in the UK8. In 2001-2002 the total research income to the University of Cambridge was over £214 million, and the UK government has also assisted the university with funding of new buildings. Some companies have pointed out that tax credits on R&D have been a great financial help to turning the business into a profitable one.

Cluster Coordination9

One of the main cluster organisations in the Cambridge cluster is the Cambridge Network. It was founded in 1998 by an influential group comprising the then Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and businessmen and entrepreneurs. Today 50% of the funding for Cambridge Network comes from membership fees, and 50% from the services they offer; they do not receive any public funding. Turnover is 1 million pounds. Today there are 1,500 members, including small companies as well as multi-nationals from all sectors. The Cambridge Network's purpose is to create networks of people - in particular the CEOs of new and small companies - through personal introduction, networking arrangements with speakers, facilitated sessions where companies share ideas on specific topics, and training courses. The main activities of Cambridge Network focus on facilitation and networking of cluster members: • organising events through its working groups (20 sessions per year) • coffee networking (3 per year) • business convention Cambridge Corporate Gateway (2 per year)10 The working groups of the network are led by industry champions and organised according to functions such as HR, marketing, sales, finance, markets and geography. The Cambridge Network also promotes the cluster through publications and other channels. Finally, Cambridge Network manages a job exchange on the Internet. They have also developed a training program for managers now managed by TLC Training (75 sessions per year)11.

7 IDC, 2009 8 Athreye, 2000 9 http://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk

10 Ibid. 11 Ibid.

2.2 CLUSTER MECHATRONIK AUTOMATION, GERMANY

Name Cluster Mechatronik Automation Augsburg Country Germany Region Schwaben The cluster Mechatronics & Automation Association is the successor to the collaborative research project "Bavarian mechatronics competence network for" brought in (2000 to Origins 2005), in the six leading Bavarian research institutions, their respective powers. With the University of Augsburg was already completed at the club was founded this R & D expertise and increases the capacity for possible cooperation Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial value Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) chain Industrial products and systems solutions Social economics Association status The cluster Mechatronics & Automation Association offers its members and all interested parties a valuable assistance in the design, development and production in almost all fields of mechatronics. In more than 50 projects, the members have already done substantial groundwork to lead the industry by the Bavarian mechatronics approach further. In these projects was the one comprehensive knowledge of the entire development and production process developed for mechatronic products for other new Goal mechatronic products were developed. With the establishment of the cluster Mechatronics & Automation eV is a pooling and coordination of core competencies in a cross-network achieves. It will create synergies that without such cooperation would not be possible. Due to the different locations of the participating partners in the metropolitan areas of Munich, Nuremberg / Erlangen, Augsburg / Swabia and East is to ensure that manufacturing companies in Bavaria have the opportunity to benefit from the results of the cluster Mechatronics & Automation eV. Field NA 109 members (86 private, 23 University and Research institute.) examples are: Siemens Members AG Sector Healthcare, Sensodrive GmbH, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, ABM Greiffenberger International 89 Partners (June 2012) Partners Sponsor & The association is the Cluster Initiative of the Alliance Bavaria Innovative funded by the relation Bavarian State Government

Cluster Mechatronik & Automation e.V. Beim Glaspalast 1, D-86153 Augsburg Contact Heiko Bartschat (Dipl.-Kfm. (Univ.)) Geschäftsführer Telefon: (0821) 56 97 97 — 11 [email protected]

Web site www.bayern-mechatronik.de

Description

Originally called “Network in Mechatronics”, the Cluster Mechatronik & Automation e.v. was founded in Augsburg in 2000 as a networking organisation. The founders of the cluster organisation was a group of six research institutions who wanted to establish a cluster organisation with the purpose of improving the framework conditions for the mechatronics in Bavaria. In 2005, the "Network in Mechatronics" became a genuine cluster organisation when the organisation received financial support from the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie under the name "Association Mechatronics". The cluster organisation became one of the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie's 19 cluster organisations in the Cluster Bayern Offensive programme12.

12 Website: http://www.cluster-bayern.de/

CASE: Cluster Offensive Bayern The Cluster Bayern Offensive programme is based on a comprehensive study from the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie that pointed out 19 branches and technologies with high importance for the future of Bayern. The Cluster Bayern Offensive Programme promotes cooperation between companies and research institutions and aims at creating a dynamic and self-organising process of growth and development within these 19 branches and technology areas through supporting 19 cluster organisations including the "Association Mechatronics". The "Cluster Bayern Offensive" program was renewed in 2011 for 4 years. In accordance to the Cluster Bayern Offensive programme the main tasks for the Cluster Mechatronic & Automation e.V are; network, conversation and contact platform between SMEs, research partners and the many important universities in the area13. In 2006, the cluster organisation was renamed to the current name "Cluster Mechatronic Automation e.V.” and the six research institutions behind the cluster were joined by a SME company, Sensor Drive, who became involved in driving the organisation.

Economic background and importance

A key success factor of the cluster has been the increased collaboration between research organisations and companies. The cluster organisation has played an important role in facilitating collaboration through thematic technology groups and workshops involving companies and research organisations. The cluster has also facilitated increased collaboration between companies. For instance, Siemens has engaged with SMEs in the cluster in relation to a recent power plant project in Kazakhstan. Another key success factor for the cluster has been the commitment of the actors in the cluster as well as an increased recognition of the cluster organisation as an enabler of innovation dynamic and increased collaboration within the cluster.

Funding

The Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie has been a driver in the development of the Mechatronics & Automation Cluster e.V. not least financially. The Ministry provided funding for collaborative projects involving research organisations and companies in the cluster in the initial phases of the cluster formation to support cluster dynamics.

Cluster coordination

The cluster organisation has two main tasks that are very important to the Mechatronics clusters wellbeing; both tasks are centred on technology: • Technology knowledge. A main task for the organisation is to spread knowledge about existing technology to the clusters different actors and securing that the cluster always is up-to-date with the latest technology. This is crucial since the Cluster Mechatronic & Automation e.V is first and foremost a technology platform. • Innovation. Another main task for the Cluster Mechatronic & Automation e.V organisation is to spread innovation in the cluster. The organisation mainly focuses on Innovation in technology, processes and logistics. In 2012, the Cluster Mechatronik & Automation e.V had an annual budget of €700,000 and eight employees including two students. In 2012 the funding from the ministry was about €300,000 a year for the cluster organisation and the rest of the budget comes from contributions from members. A key challenge for the cluster organisation is that the funding from the Bayerisches

13 The Bavarian Universities: University of Augsburg, University of Bamberg, University of Bayreuth, University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Technische Universität München, Universität der Bundeswehr Munich, University of Passau, University of Regensburg, University of Würzburg (Source: http://uni.bavarian-universities.de)

Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie is gradually being reduced. In 2006, around 90% of the Mechatronics & Automation Cluster e.V.'s budget came from the Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft, Infrastruktur, Verkehr und Technologie. In 2012, the ministry's contribution to the organisation was 60% of the total budget and in 2015 the ministry's contribution to the budget is expected to be less than 50%. Instead of the financing from the ministry, the cluster organisation has to increase its revenue from membership fees, seminars, workshops, exhibition stands, conferences etc.

2.3 MI-CLUSTER (CORALLIA), GREECE

Name The Micro-electronic Cluster by Corallia Hellenic Technology Cluster Initiative (HTCI) Country Greece Region Attiki Origins 2006 Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial value Industrial products and systems solutions chain Social The Corallia Hellenic Technology Cluster Initiative (HTCI) was created in 2006 under the economics Greek Ministry of Development and the General Secretariat for R&D. The target of Corallia status is the development of innovation clusters in different research areas.

The Nano/Microelectronics and Embedded Systems cluster was the first cluster launched Goal by Corallia. The cluster was based on an existing ecosystem of companies in Greece with important research and development results in the field of microelectronics.

The HTCI is a public-private partnership, aiming at boosting competitiveness, entrepreneurship and innovation, in knowledge-intensive and exports-oriented technology segments, where Greece has the capacity to build a sustainable innovation ecosystem Field and can attain a worldwide competitive advantage. The Corallia initiative includes 139 organisations, including Greek innovative companies, academic labs and research institutes, and is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and national funds. 139 organisations, including Greek innovative companies, academic labs and research Members institutes, from all over Greece. Examples are: Hellenic Semiconductor Industry Association, Inaccess R&D Centre, Apix industrial automation, Helic. Co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and National Funds, within the Sponsor & framework of the Operational Program "Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship 2007- relation 2013" and Regional Operational Programs 2007-2013. Web site www.corallia.org

Description

Corallia was established in 2006, with the scope to design and manage programmes for the implementation of the national policy on Innovation and Competitiveness through the launch of innovation clusters. The Greek Ministry of Development decided to focus on the microelectronics and embedded systems sector for the Pilot Phase of Corallia, leveraging the existing ecosystem of companies in Greece with important R&D results in this field. Corallia launched the pilot program in Microelectronics & Embedded systems in the period 2006-2008. In that period Corallia's companies marked a turnover growth rate of 59.6%, an employment growth rate of 92.6% and an export growth rate of 109.6 %. Patent applications rose by 137.5 %.In the period 2009-2011, the mi-Cluster accelerated its growth, through a number of collaborative projects funded under European Regional Development Fund with a total public funding of €33 million and 5 different actions. Between 2008 and 2010, Corallia's companies marked a turnover growth rate of 266%, an employment growth rate of 63% and an export growth rate of 119 %. Patent applications rose by 105%.

Economic Background and Importance

The total turnover of all clusters supported by Corallia surpassed €7 billion in 2010, constituting a significant proportion of the GDP of Greece, while at the same time contributing increasingly to the reduction of the external trade balance, as most companies have a strong exports orientation. The clusters have also been able to attract significant capital from private investors globally, and strategic investments for the establishment of multinational technology development centres in Greece. According to the Erawatch Country reports 2011 for Greece published in 2013 funding of innovation clusters have become a promising dimension for improving the innovation climate and facilitating science-industry collaboration. In 2012, €30 million were allocated to new measures aiming at creating more innovation intensive clusters.

Funding

The Operational Programme «Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship» (OPCE II) is an operational programme of the National Strategic Research Framework (NSRF). OPCE II has as a central development objective to improve the competitiveness and internationalization of enterprises and industry, with an emphasis on innovation. The program included the Phase-2 Aid Greek Technology Clusters in Microelectronics, managed by the Greek Technology Clusters Initiative. The funding for Mi-cluster came from the Greek Operational Programme Competitiveness under Axis 1: Innovation Supported by Research and Technological Development. For the Phase 2 (2009-2011) in Microelectronics and embedded systems, the total committed budget amount was €63 million of which 52% came from state‐aid and the European Regional Development Fund and from Greek National funds, 32% from Corrallia's own (industry) funds and 16% came from private investment.

Cluster Coordination

The vision of Corallia is the promotion of "Innovation made in Greece" and its values comprises extroversion, dedication, constant progress and knowledge orientation, provision of added value services. Independently of the highly successful first results of Corallia, the initiative by itself is sustainable and replicable since it is based on a solid methodology:

• The selection of a promising innovative sector with a significant critical mass and pre-existing formation, • The promotion of this sector towards the national authorities in order to attract funding, • The establishment and management of a cluster in the new sector. The Corallia cluster is managed by a three member executive board that deals with the day to day management and coordination of the cluster activities assisted by 8 other members. Regarding the quality of cluster management, Corallia was hailed as a best practice by DG Enterprise & Industry within the framework of the European Charter for Small Enterprises 2008, among 151 cases from all over Europe in the category "Strengthening the technological capacity of small enterprises". In february 2009, within DG REGIO's RegioStars 2009 Awards Corallia was short-listed among the finalists in the category "Research, Technological Development and Innovation." In October 2010, Corallia was recognized as best practice in implementation of the European Regional Policy projects, in the special edition of the General Directorate of EU Regions. In April 2012, Corallia was the first certified organisation for the evaluation of clusters excellence.

2.4 ME2C, AUSTRIA

Name Micro Electronic Cluster Me2C Country Austria Region Villach, Kärnten (Carynthia) Origins The microelectronic cluster was founded in the year 2000 Position in the industrial value Industrial products and systems solutions chain Social economics The microelectronic cluster is organized as a private membership corporation. status The cluster's goal is to provide information and networking to the partners, access to specific training programs of member companies and partners, opportunities to exchange Goal experts' experiences in work groups, assistance in finding cooperation partners within the network, Marketing and PR services. The association me2c — [micro] electronic cluster with its headquarters in Field Villach/Carinthia is a cross-sectoral network for companies specialized in microelectronics, electronics and mechatronics. 40 member companies and institutions in 2012, with 7000 employees. This includes leading enterprises such as Infineon Technologies Austria AG, Lam Research AG, Members Flextronics International GmbH, Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Österreich, ASTRON Electronic GmbH, as well as many SMEs. The cluster joined Silicon Europe where it partners with four other leading European International semiconductor/ microelectronic cluster organisations will join the project; Silicon Saxony Partners (Dresden, Germany), DSP Valley (Belgium), Minalogic (Grenoble, France) and Point One (Eindhoven, Netherlands). The cluster is supported by the state of Carynthuia, the city of Villach, and the national Sponsor & cluster program. The Silicon Europe project is funded by the EU Regions of Knowledge relation Programme.

Office: +43(0)664-2084301 / [email protected] Contact Cluster manager: Hr. Stephan Payer Telefon: +43 664 5275799

Web site www.me2c.org

Description

The microelectronic systems cluster organisation, Me2C, was initiated in 2000 in Villach, by the State of Carinthia, the City of Villach and Infineon Technologies Austria AG. The cluster organisation was established to improve the framework conditions for manufacturing of microelectronics systems in the city of Villach and in the state of Carinthia, in particular by developing the supply chain in the area focusing on the largest employer in the city, Infineon Technologies Austria AG. The organisation is focused on three technology fields; microelectronics, electronics more generally and mechatronics. Within the three technology areas, Me2C focuses on creating contacts, spreading knowledge and informing about available competences between the different stakeholders and the State of Carinthia.

Economic background and Importance

From the beginning, the cluster organisation has acted as a triple helix cluster organisation servicing the industry, the surrounding R&D organisations and the educational institutions, and the public authorities in the state of Carinthia. It is a comprehensive and very difficult assignment for Me2C to support a region as small as Carinthia to compete with more resourceful regions in Europe regarding the electronics/microelectronics industries. However, the Me2C and the region have already experienced several successes based on the cluster organisation's efforts. More specifically, the cluster has succeeded in creating strong framework conditions that are attractive for companies outside the cluster: from 2010 to 2012, leading microelectronic companies, such as Intel and Lantiq, have established their presence in the cluster.

One of the areas where Me2C's effort to create supplier networks of high quality has received praises along the way is within the thin wafer technology. The thin wafer technology mechatronics network has resulted in an interesting collaboration between Infineon, Carinthia Tech Institute and the University of Applied Technology. Furthermore, Me2C's strategic focus on the largest companies in the region such as Infineon and Lam Research has helped create several spin-off companies in the cluster. Me2C participates in different activities of collaboration with other interesting cluster organisations that focus on the semiconductor and manufacturing industries. In particular, Me2C is collaborating with some of the leading actors of the area:

• The European Semiconductor Forum (SEMICON) events. SEMICON is a leading forum for semiconductor and micro electrics manufacturing in Europe held twice a year. The last SEMICON meeting was in Dresden in October 2012. • The Silicon Europe Project. In 2012, Me2C joined the project funded by the EU Unions' Region of Knowledge Programme. Four other leading European semiconductor/ microelectronic cluster organisations will join the project; Silicon Saxony (Dresden, Germany), DSP Valley (Belgium), Minalogic (Grenoble, France) and Point One (Eindhoven, Netherlands). Other important partners in the Silicon Europe project are electronics companies such as NXP, Globalfoundries, STMicroelectronics and Infineon14. The European Union will provide €2.8 million over the next three years to the project. Funding

No relevant funding schemes have been identified, except public funding for the cluster organisation (see below). However, the cluster organisation is supported by national initiatives, in particular the National Cluster Platform (NCP)15, established in 2008 on initiative of the Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth of the Republic of Austria. The Purpose of NCP is to support cluster development and promote cooperation between the Austrian cluster players at national and regional level. NCP actively contributes to the development of the R&D&I policy in Austria and brings the attention to cluster activities at European level. Furthermore, NCP actively participates in European opinion making and strategy processes regarding clusters.

Cluster coordination

The Me2C Cluster organisation provides several services to the cluster members. From 2000 to 2007, the cluster organisation had a limited secretariat and represented about 80 member companies. Besides funding from the state of Carinthia, the city of Villach and membership fees, the organisation participated in EU and national funded projects. In 2007, Me2c experienced financial problems and went bankrupt. Then in 2008, the cluster organisation was rebooted with a new organisational and financial structure. The organisation's secretariat was closed and Me2C reduced its involvement in funded projects dramatically. The budget of Me2C is €200,000 a year, which includes salaries to a full time cluster manager and one assistant. It also includes overhead expenses including travelling, office facilities, membership fees in relevant organisation etc. The funding for the cluster organisation comes from four different sources: the State of Carinthia (50%), the City of Villach (12.5%), the membership fees (25%) and the EU and National funding (12.5%). The public funding from the state of Carinthia and the City of Villach is linked to a joint target agreement and assigned for three years. Twice a year Me2C delivers reports including target-performance comparisons. Me2C acts as an enabler and hosts different networks. The cluster organisation also facilitates workshops and roundtables with companies. During a roundtable event focused on the topic of Automation & Robotics, Infineon presented about the lack of specific

14 Source: www.silicon-europe.eu 15 Website: http://www.clusterplattform.at/index.php?id=1&L=1

17 competences to a group of SMEs in the cluster. The result of the roundtable event was that Infineon engaged in partnerships with several of the participating SMEs. From 2008 to 2011, Me2c worked without an actual cluster manager, but with a board of nine members managing the organisation. In 2011, the State of Carinthia allocated funding for a full time cluster manager to the organisation for a three-year period. From 2012, the Me2C cluster organisation is a well-established organisation with more than 40 members.

2.5 PRINTOCENT CLUSTER, FINLAND16

Name PrintoCent Country Finland Region Phojois-Suomi PrintoCent was founded in 2009 by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, University Origins of Oulu, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, City of Oulu and Oulu Innovation Ltd. VTT is responsible of the management and coordination of the PrintoCent program. Position in the industrial value Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) chain Social PrintoCent is a business and production environment for companies to manufacture economics components, products and solutions based on Printed Intelligent processes. Today, there status are around 180 professionals working in the PrintoCent community. PrintoCent is designed to successfully introduce technologies from lab to early market trials and commercial adoption. This requires: - Continued investment in the development of printed intelligence enabling technologies Goal (materials, processes, devices/components) - Increased commercial activity in system, product, solution supply — in part through application demonstrations, new start-up activity and proof of product - Supporting infrastructure: research, education, industry, financing PrintoCent serves companies and collaborates with research institutes and education providers. There are many options for companies how to benefit from cooperating with PrintoCent starting from minor subcontracting or consulting to custom made product development and production. PrintoCent have capability to organize training courses and post graduate courses, too. Field PrintoCent organizes several innovation workshops each year to foster the ideas in the community and find candidate product demonstrator projects for realisation. A typical product demonstrator project lasts a few months, involves half a dozen people in 2-3 organisations. Project budget is from few thousands to tens of thousands of Euros. PrintoCent has resources to take the manufactured demonstrators and prototype products to exhibitions and shows across the world. PrintoCent is looking for 5-6 global companies from different parts of the value chain to Members join the PrintoCent Strategic Advisory Board; the first Strategic Advisory Board member is BASF. Examples are BASF Group, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. International NA Partners The majority of PrintoCent operations are performed in specific projects, which all have their own funding structure. These projects typically have funding from government or EU sources and participating companies. The PrintoCent founding members and SAB Sponsor & members are funding PrintoCent, too. The PrintoCent budget frame for 2009-2011 is relation around 10 M€. The public funding is currently provided by Council of Oulu region, State provincial office of Oulu, City of Oulu and Tekes. The original source of funding in many cases is European Union's Regional Funds Mr Ilkka Kaisto Contact email: [email protected]

Web site http://www.printocent.net/

Description

The PrintoCent cluster was established in 2009 by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, University of Oulu, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, City of Oulu and Oulu Innovation Ltd. The cluster was established in the context of the Finnish Nanotechnology Cluster Programme 2007-2013: CASE: Finnish Nanotechnology Cluster Programme The Finnish Nanotechnology Cluster Programme (2007–2013) was initiated by the Ministry of Employment and Economy in order to promote nanotechnology based business in Finland. The Cluster Programme is co-funded by EU structural funds and combines technology companies, expertise in universities and research institutes all over

16 Based on desk research and interview with Ilkka Kaisto, Manager of the PrintoCent Cluster and director of VTT – Printed Functional Solutions.

Finland, and aims at applications in industries like ICT, electronics, mechanical engineering, construction, forest, energy, environment, chemical, health and well-being. Local microclusters have been established as part of the cluster programme. There are currently active microclusters in the fields of surfaces and coatings and printed electronics, and micro-clusters are also being established in the fields of photonics and optics and MEMS and Microsystems. The activities of the microclusters vary according to the needs of the members and according to the strategies of the facilitators, but a common goal is the development of the business of the members and networking. PrintoCent is a business and production environment for companies of manufacture components, products and solutions. In particular, PrintoCent's Pilot Factory helps reduce commercial and technical risk before the launch of commercial operation. Around 200 professionals are working in the PrintoCent community, and 20 companies are currently member of the cluster. The market forecast for printed electronics is very positive, and if the strategic target of the cluster — getting 1% of the global market — is achieved, the cluster will be able to create 10,000 jobs in the region.

Economic background and Importance

The establishment of the cluster was based on the need to build up competences in emerging technologies following the offshoring of the Finnish electronics manufacturing industry to the Asia-Pacific. The cluster emerged on the basis of an existing Centre of Excellence specialised in printed electronics located in the city of Oulu, and also benefited from the presence of strong competences in the field of optical measurement technology relating to the regional paper and pulp industry, highly relevant for testing the quality of the printed electronics. The PrintoCent cluster has a strong focus on education and training of employees from companies that are interested in printed electronics. Printed electronics is an emerging area, and there is a strong need for training of engineers and developing professional tools. Currently, the PrintoCent cluster is also providing entrepreneurship training for redundant employees from Nokia. The PrintoCent cluster has a number of new services in the pipe line. More specifically, the cluster organisation will help with the development of projects and build up a value chain for printed electronics. Support for spin-off is also an issue that needs to be addressed by the cluster. Finally, the current EU platform for printed electronics — COLAE, see the case below — will also be used more strategically for feasibility studies, networking/matchmaking on demand, and marketing of the cluster.

CASE: COLAE — Commercialising Organic and Large Area Electronics COLAE (www.colae.eu) accelerates the commercialisation of organic and large area electronics by creating supply chains, providing access to training resources and enabling effective product development. The partners include European clusters and research organisations related to ICT components and systems manufacturing: CEA: France, Grenoble OES: Germany, Dresden InnovationLabs: Germany, Heidelberg Fraunhofer/EMFT: Germany, Munich Holst: Netherlands, Eindhoven KMC/Innovation Fab:Netherlands, Eindhoven CIKC: UK, Cambridge CPI: UK, Sedgefield CSEM: Switzerland, Basel CETEMMSA/PEC4: Spain, Barcelona AUTH: Greece, Thessaloniki Acreo: Sweden, Norrkoping Centi: Portugal, Famalicao StOLAE: Austria, Weiz MSC: Belgium, Gent The COLAE project is funded through FP7 receiving a total of €3.2 million.

The cluster was founded in 2009 and it is difficult to identify success factors after few years. However, the funding of a pilot manufacturing environment is considered a key element for the future development of the cluster. In fact, the pilot manufacturing environment has already provided as strong basis for entrepreneurship in the cluster. Since 2009, 10 companies have emerged from the activities carried out in the environment. Also, the visibility to key actors in Europe and at global level will be important for the future development of the cluster. The EU COLAE project is an important platform for the cluster to achieve this visibility. The big challenge faced by printed electronics is to demonstrate that this technology constitutes a mass manufacturing method. The first applications are expected in the coming 2-3 years and there is a need to develop a value chain with industrial partners to exploit the market potential of this technology.

Funding

PrintoCent is running the €15 million project portfolio 2009-2012 as a first phase. 70 % of this funding is regional and national, for instance from the Finnish Nanotechnology Cluster Programme. Until 2011 the cluster companies have invested €2 million. The main share of the funding for the cluster has been used to build up the pilot manufacturing environment as well as to invest in laboratories and equipment. In the next phase of the cluster's development, PrintoCent will focus more on getting funding from EU calls; the share of funding from companies is also expected to increase as the cluster will receive payments for the services provided to companies (service model) to a larger extent. Regional investments are also expected to continue. The majority of PrintoCent operations are performed in specific projects, which all have their own funding structure. These projects typically have funding from government or EU sources and participating companies.

Cluster coordination

The cluster is managed by three managers, who are involved in research projects or are working for key actors in the cluster. A strategic advisory group consisting of four companies including BASF provides strategic advice to the cluster managers as well as funding to support the cluster. At EU level PrintoCent is strongly involved in the VTT coordinated COLAE–project having 17 partners from 12 countries. The project provides the opportunity to connect with other clusters, developing complementary competences, and help improve services to SMEs.

2.6 SYSTEMATIC PARIS REGION, FRANCE

Name SYSTEM@TIC Country France Region Île de France Since its inception in 2005, Systematic activities are focused on the digital revolution to Origins serve six markets with a strong social dimension.

Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Other

Systematic is chaired by an industrialist, assisted by an Executive, a General Assembly, an Executive Board composed of four colleges (Business and Federation of actors, and the Education and Research Federation, local authorities, investors), Thematic Groups and a Permanent Secretariat. Social The organisation include: economics - A President assisted by An Executive Board status - A Board of Directors, composed by 58 representatives from the three groups (companies, research and education, local authorities) - A Permanent Secretariat which runs the network. - 6 working groups

At the heart of the digital revolution, the competitiveness cluster Systematic develops Goal mastery of tools and key technologies in the field of software-intensive systems. Four markets with a strong social dimension (Automotive & Transportation, Telecom, Digital Trust & Safety, Intelligent Energy Management) and two technology areas (Free Field Software and Tools Design and Development Systems). New market areas, including "ICT and Sustainable City", and "ICT & Health" Systematic Paris Region unites in Ile-de France nearly 600 industry players, SMEs and scientific, each of them working in the field of software-dominant systems with a strong societal dimension. This includes 142 large enterprises, 400 SMEs, 38 Research, 54 Members education 13 local authorities 6 institutional partners. Examples of companies located in the cluster : Alcatel Lucent, Thales, Alstom, Dassault, Gemalto, Renault, EADS, Freescale, Intel, MBDA, Messier Dowty, Safran, Sagem, STMicroelectronics, Valeo. International DSP Valley, Point one, BICC-Net, Safetrans, Maroc Numeric Cluster, Technopôle Elgazala, Partners CIATEC, CPqD, Imagine IT Systematic is an association supported by local authorities, economic development agencies, the French Government and its partners. The Systematic Cluster has developed Sponsor & 318 R&D projects, an investment of €1.4 Billion including €520 M funded by the French relation Government, its agencies (National Research Agency and OSEO) and from the Paris‐Region local governments. Contact President Jean-Luc Beylat (Alcatel Lucent)- Web site www.systematic-paris-region.org

Description

Systematic Paris Region cluster was created in 2005 under a national initiative. At the heart of the digital revolution, the competitiveness cluster Systematic Paris Region gathers about 200 industrial, academic and institutional members from the Paris-Region working in partnership on R&D projects related to four target markets: Telecoms, Security & Defence, Automotive & Transportation, System Design and Development Tools. These organisations support SYSTEM@TIC: le Conseil général du Val d'oise, des Yvellines, de l'Essone et des Hauts de Seine; la région Ile de France, L'Europe s'engage, LEYTON, L'Union Européenne, ANR, Deloitte in extenso, Département de Paris,Evry Centre Essonne, Seine et Marne développement, Campus Paris- Saclay. Systematic Paris Region has three major goals: • To consolidate the leadership of large systems integrators and operators in order to secure the sustainability of their R&D activities in the Paris-Region; • To develop economic activity and employment in the Paris-Region by encouraging the creation of start-ups and by attracting major companies R&D departments;

• To strengthen the attractiveness of the Paris-Region by developing its image on an international scale in the fields of designing, building and managing complex systems. Economic background and importance

In 2004, the French government implemented a new industrial and economic policy by developing "Pôles de competitivité". The first phase of France's cluster policy was evaluated and the results published in June 2008. Further to the success of this first phase led the Government to initiate a second phase aiming to make a world class cluster "innovation ecosystem" likely to pool talents, ideas and capital. The French government launched in January 2013 the third phase of the "Pôles de competitivité" Programme for the period 2013-2018, following an independent evaluation which certified the results achieved by the 71 French competitiveness clusters (thanks to the €2.7 billion invested by the government in the period 2009-2012). The study concluded that the policy should be continued over the 2014-2020 period and recommended to increase the lead of regions in the governance of the cluster policy, as well as to reinforce the role of clusters and their impact on the SMEs innovation development. Clusters now aspire to develop an "ecosystem of innovation" within their territory aiming to improve regional synergies. Organisations involved in the emergence of the cluster include: Alcatel Lucent, Thales, Alstom, CEA, CNRS, INRIA, Dassault Aviation, Gemalto, and Renault. The last evaluation of the cluster shows a 4.6% growth of overall employees between 2009 and 2011 and 4.8% growth of executive employees in the same period. The growth of cluster companies' members between 2010 and 2011 is 14%. In addition, 7 start-ups were created in 2010. The share of innovative companies out of the total number of cluster companies is 8% (46 SMEs of which 25 were labelled during 2011). In 2010, 1,044 Full Time Equivalent (FTE) researchers from public research organisations (Schools & universities) and 1,651 FTE R&D engineers and researchers from companies were involved in a project labelled by Systematic. In parallel 13 patents were registered for projects approved by Systematic and 420 scientific articles linked with project approved by Systematic were published. Between 2005 and 2010, Systematic participated to the definition and the implementation of 2 new educational curricula. The Systematic Paris Region was awarded a "Gold label" by the European Cluster Excellence Initiative (ECEI) with a score of 35 out of 40 and no score under 4 for management selected criteria. Today the key challenge is to develop and facilitate access to finance and capital risk especially for SME.

Funding

Regarding the total spending on projects approved by Systematic in 2010 that amounted to €341,415, 71% came from enterprise spending and 29% came from public spending. In 2011, total spending on R&D&I projects approved by Systematic that amounted to €442 million, 54% came from private investments (enterprises/ risk capital/ business angels) and 46% came from public spending.

Cluster coordination

The Systematic cluster management organisation is composed of 17 FTE employees and 5 delegates from large enterprises within the cluster. In 2010, Systematic participated to 4 trade shows abroad (5 members accompanied), and 3 other events (32 members were accompanied). In parallel, Systematic Paris Region organized 21 international events, 6 trade shows, and 15 visits of foreign delegations and issued 44 press releases, 21 in regional press, 21 in national press and 2 in foreign press.

For the coming years, Systematic is not only committed in developing new R&D projects but also in increasing productivity and creating new businesses within the cluster and, in parallel, with other countries. Following the results of the last Call of Single Inter-ministerial Fund Projects (FUI14), 10 new R&D projects were funded and planned to start by 2012. But beyond the collaborative R&D, the cluster continues to mobilize around topics such as the promotion and facilitation of innovative ecosystem, supporting SMEs in their growth, development of the region's attractiveness for an international reputation.

3 IN-DEPTH INTERNATIONAL CLUSTERS PROFILES

3.1 CHINA ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER: YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

Name Yangtze River Delta ICT Components Cluster Country China The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Economic Zone encompasses Shanghai municipality, 7 Region cities in Zhejiang province and 8 cities in Jiangsu province. There is also a Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park. This region is a leading destination of foreign investment, which started investing in Origins manufacturing sectors and is now expanding to high–tech sectors. IC Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial value Assembly & Test chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The Yangtze River Delta region is one of the most rapid economic development areas in Social China. With less than 2% of the land area of China and around 6% of the pollution, the economics region accounts for 20% of China's Gross Domestic Product and is responsible for one status third of its imports and exports. The development of this region is heavily relying on foreign direct investment and Goal government support. Standardized investment attraction is implemented this year, giving priorities to introduce and cultivate hi-tech projects. Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park is located in the middle park of Pudong New area of Shanghai, with integrated circuits and software, bio-pharmaceutical as leading industries. Contract manufacturers operate a large amount of capacity in Kunshan, located in the Field south of Yangtze River Delta. Foxconn has its production facilities there, and Compal also has its major notebook manufacturing factories in Kunshan. Wistron has one branch of its research, manufacturing and services centre established in Kunshan. Examples of companies located in the cluster are : HP, Lenovo, Intel, Infineon, IBM, Members Infosys, SAP, Foxconn, Compal, Wistron

Description

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Economic Zone encompasses Shanghai municipality, 7 cities in Zhejiang province and 8 cities in Jiangsu province. From 1997, provinces in Yangtze River Delta region started promoting the integration of the regional economy, encouraging the free flow of goods and resources within this area, in order to overcome market fragmentation and protectionism. To achieve this goal, the Yangtze River Delta founded the City Economic Coordination Committee and established the joint conference system attended by 16 mayors of the city members. In 2008, the Yantze River Delta region Economic Cooperation was promoted as a national strategy. A key organisation promoting innovation in the cluster is the Shanghai Zhangjiang Hi- Tech Park, located in the middle park of Pudong, a new area of Shanghai, with integrated circuits and software, bio-pharmaceutical as leading industries. Innovation is also expected to play a significant role in this high tech park. Major information technology firms have premises in this park, including HP, Lenovo, Intel, Infineon, IBM, Infosys and SAP. Manufacturing dominates the near region of Kunshan, located in the South of Yangtze River Delta.

Economic Background and Importance

This region is a leading destination of foreign investment. YRD economic zone is an attractive destination of foreign investment and takes the leading position in foreign

25 trade in China. In terms of Foreign Direct Investment, for example, in 2008, 34.6% of the foreign funded projects in China chose the YRD economic zone as an investment location. Shanghai is already a major centre in its own right, and its close proximity to foundries in Ningbo and Suzhou, the design centers of Hangzhou as well as packaging firms located in Jiangsu in Jiangyin and Nantong, has created a critical mass that is likely to fuel continued growth of the industry. Main players involved in the cluster are: Key telecom equipment makers such as Huawei, ZTE, Datang, Potevio, Ericsson, Nokia- Siemens, Acatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell, Cisco, Avaya, • Key ICT equipment makers such as: K-Touch, Lenovo, Coolpad, Gionee, Amoi, Nokia, LG, Sony-Ericsson, Samsung, Motorola • Key photonics players such as: Texas Instruments, Sofradir, Corning, Tianma USA, Philips, Cree, Agilent. The annual average growth rate of employed people in the cluster amounted to 6.8%, which is above the 3.7% annual average growth rate of industry in the country. Regarding the growth in number of start-up, according to ICT RIC Study China 2009, the annual average growth rate of start-ups is about 7.8%. In addition, 28% of China's most promising small businesses belong to the ICT sector in the cluster. Based on the company count, IDC has estimated their share to be about 10%.

Funding

The development of this region is heavily relying on Foreign Direct Investment and government support. The importance of the ICT industry has been stressed by the China central government's 10th and 11th Five-Years Plans (2001-2010), which served as a blueprint for Chinese development. Aimed at achieving quality and sustainable growth, the 12th Five-Years Plan (2011-15) highlighted seven major emerging strategic industries, and new generation IT is one of them. Standardized investment attraction is implemented this year, giving priorities to introduce and cultivate high-tech projects. For the start-up phase of the cluster, the poorly developed domestic capital markets and limited domestic venture capital mean that most companies must rely on foreign capital. The foreign investments coming into the industry have generally been directed to Interface Circuit design companies but further capital is still needed to fund start-ups in other areas of the value chain such as packaging and testing. Regarding the later phase of the cluster development, foreign investments are still the primary source of fund. For foundries, there seems to be no lack of capital as many new foundries are being built. This will result in over-supply which could impact the industry globally. Private equity investment institutions also rapidly gathered and clustered, leading the Zhangjiang High Tech Park to become both venture investment centre and innovation centre. With reference to the tax incentives for investments, there are preferential policies for reducing or eliminating customs duties and income tax common to the economic and technological development zones; this also allows foreign companies to open financial institutions and run tertiary industries in the area. According to Deloitte 2012 Global Survey of R&D Tax Incentives, China offers several tax incentives. The corporate tax rate is 25%. The R&D incentives are offered in the form of income tax deductions and reductions in enterprise income tax rates.

Cluster Coordination

The coordination and cooperation between cities, led by the Economic Coordination Committee of the local authorities, are the driving force of economic development of Yangtze River Delta region. Shanghai is the leading city of this region, with strong manufacturing capability. Suzhou is a strong manufacturing base attractive for foreign

26 companies. Nanjing is a hub for the automobile, and electronics industries. Ningbo is a growing economic port which provides imports and exports routes for neighbouring provincial cities. The interactive relations between these main cities provide opportunities for the economic integration to boost ICT development from various aspects. The high tech parks also provide a place where companies, talents and innovation from local, national, and intentional economy can collocate.

3.2 SOUTH KOREA ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER: CHUNGNAM & DAEJEON

Name Chungnam & Daejeon South Korea ICT Components Cluster Country South Korea South Chungcheong Province or Chungnam is a province in the West of South Korea. Region Daejeon is the provincial capital where Daedeok Valley is located Chungnam is the largest center in Korea for manufacturing advanced technologies. Daejeon is the country's major research and development area. Together with Asan and Cheonan, which is located near Daejeon, these cities control over 30% of the world market for next generation display technologies (electrochromic display, electrophoretic display, Origins electrowetting, LED, OLED, FED, and electroluminescent). The Daedeok Valley is an area in Yuseong-gu, Daejeon Metropolitan City, including Gwanpyeong, Yongsan and Taplip-dong, and located between the Gyeongbu Expressway (Sintanjin IC) and the Honam Expressway (Daedeok Valley IC). Located in the center of South Korea, Daejeon serves as a hub of transportation. IC Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The Chungnam Techno Park (CTP) plays an important role in developing provincial economy as a regional innovation platform, utilizing the innovative resources such as enterprises, universities, research institutes, governments, and business service agencies. Social It aims to promote regional strategic industries as well as to nurture technology-based economics enterprises. The regional strategic industries include information technology, automobiles, status multi-media contents, and agricultural biotechnology. CTP operates three research and business development centers for strategic industries, and three agencies for provincial industry planning, business services, and enterprise education program. Organisation for nurturing successful business To nurture 150 companies and produce 5 global-scale companies (Sales volume : US $500 Million, New jobs:1,500) To support 120 compaines (Sales volume : US $1.5 Billion New Jobs : 3,000) Business nurturing organisation that contributes to the economy of Chungnam To expand Cheonan Valley (Cheonan Technopolis) and develop techno valleys in Asan and Dangjin Goal To build traditional industry mini-clusters in 16 cities and specialized industry clusters in 3 cities Organisation that commercializes R&D results by creating and R&BD eco-system To acquire international certification and promote R&D business in the display industry, and build and R&D cluster for automobile parts To create a research eco-system by attracting international R&BD companies and domestic research centers to CTP Daedeok Science Town within the Daedeok Valley (now redesigned as Daedeok Innopolis) Field is the research and development (R&D) district in Daejeon. Examples of companies located in the cluster are : IBM, Microsoft, Intel, HP, Bosch, ROHM Members Semiconductor, Hynix and Samsung Daedeok Innopolis is a government supported IT cluster with investment of more than 30 Sponsor & trillion KRW over the past 3 decade. relation Chungnam Techno Park is a public organisation jointly founded by the Chungnam provincial government and the Ministry of Knowledge Economy in 1999. Web site http://www.ctp.or.kr/global_site/english/eng_main.asp

Description

In 2012, 1,306 companies were located in the cluster with 30 of them listed in the Korean Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (KOSDAQ).

Figure 2 Chungcheong Pan Regional Cluster

Source: The Industrial Complex Cluster Program of Korea, 2010

Daedeok Science Town within the Daedeok Valley (now redesigned as Daedeok Innopolis) is the R&D district in Daejeon. Over 20 major research institutes and over 40 corporate research centres make up this science cluster together with some of the national top universities like KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) and Chungnam National University. Daedeok now hosts over 242 research organisations with 24,000 employees, including 6,200 Ph.D. researchers, and is divided into four sectors: IT, biotech, nuclear technology, and nanotech. These research institutes and universities in Daedeok Valley have spun off many start-ups and continue to do so at a remarkable pace. Major ICT firms having R&D centres here include: IBM, Microsoft, Intel, HP, Bosch, ROHM Semiconductor, Hynix and Samsung. Chungnam is the growth engine for the Korea's high-tech industries, where the major production sites of Samsung Electronics and Hyundai Automobiles are located. With 36 universities and 623 research institutes, it leads the nations in the field of technology development and commercialization, which in turn, attracts start-up businesses and Foreign Direct Investments.

Economic Background and Importance

The Daedeok Innopolis complex includes representatives of top-tier venture firms and research firms from various fields with a good majority of them having a proven track in the commercialization of DRAM and SRAM semiconductor chips, LCD modules, cell phone technology and wireless broadband technologies. With over 900 high-tech companies currently located in the complex, it is projected to expand rapidly to 3,000 by 2015. Chungnam Techno Park (CTP) plays an important role in developing provincial economy as a regional innovation platform, utilizing the innovative resources such as enterprises, universities, research institutes, governments, and business service agencies. It aims at promoting regional strategic industries as well as nurturing technology-based enterprises. The regional strategic industries include information technology, automobiles, multimedia contents, and agricultural biotechnology. CTP operates three research and business development centres for strategic industries, and three agencies for provincial industry planning, business services, and enterprise education program.

CTP has a €55.3 million (KRW 80 billion) fund for investment and incubating services. Initial business funds support for high-tech businesses, research companies, and promising venture businesses Regarding the employment growth within the cluster, the average growth rate of employees amounted to 9.14% in 2010 and was projected to grow by 18,119 jobs from 2011 to 2014. Regarding the growth of start-ups, the annual average growth rate of start-up is about 14.87% in 2010 and projected to reach 3,000 in 2015. Regarding the estimated share of innovative companies out of the total number of cluster companies, Daedeok Innopolis has a high concentration of research companies. Looking at the ratio of research companies against all high-tech companies in 2012, IDC estimates it about 22%.

Funding

Underlying Korea's strong economic development has been a consistent effort to create a robust science and technology capacity. Daedeok Innopolis is a government supported IT cluster with investments of more than €21 billion (KRW 30 trillion) over the past 3 decades. The Korean government has prided itself on steadily increasing aggregate figures for R&D expenditures and numbers of researchers. In 2008, Korea devoted €241 million (KRW 345 billion) to R&D, accounting for 3.37% of GDP, almost a full percent increase over 1998 (it reached 3.48% in 2010). R&D investments are nearly twice what they were in the year 2000. Daedoek Innopolis now includes about 10% of all researchers in the country. Chungnam Techno Park (CTP) is a public organisation jointly founded by the Chungnam provincial government and the Ministry of Knowledge Economy in 1999. Over the past decade, CTP had created over 245 new enterprises, providing 13,000 new jobs with total products of $5 billion. CTP also supported over 115 enterprises with R&D investment and commercialization, which yield 19,500 jobs and total products of $4.6 billion. Regarding tax incentives for investments, there are tax benefits for research companies and high-tech businesses: National tax: income and corporate tax 100% exemption for 5 years (as a maximum); Local tax: acquisition and registration tax free, property tax 100% exemption for 10 years (as a maximum).

Cluster Coordination

CTP has sister park relations with Surrey University Research Park in UK, Tshinghua University Science Park in China, Kumamoto Technopolis in Japan, the Thailand Science Park, and the Mubarak Science City in Egypt. CTP also collaborates with foreign institutes for R&D and commercialization. The University of Texas at Dallas, the Arizona State University and Metroplex Technology Business Council are CTP's partners to develop IT fusion technology. The Daedeok Valley has developed a high-tech multipurpose industrial park to meet the demands of R&D, commercializing & manufacturing, education, residency, supply chain and other facilities, all inclusive within self-sufficing town. With its geographic proximity to CTP, it has spurred the growth of Chungnam as the fastest growing region in South Korea to get a leading role in the country's technology industry.

3.3 US NORTHWEST SILICON FOREST CLUSTER

Name US "Silicon Forest" Northwest ICT Components Cluster Country USA The Silicon Forest is a nickname for the cluster of high-tech companies located in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. states of Oregon and Southwest Washington, and Region most frequently refers to the industrial corridor between Beaverton and Hillsboro in northwest Oregon. The high-tech industry in the Portland area dates back to at least the 1940s, with Tektronix and Electro Scientific Industries as pioneers. Tektronix and ESI both started out in Portland proper, but moved to Washington County in 1951 and 1962, respectively, and developed sites designed to attract other high-tech companies. These two Origins companies, and later Intel, led to the creation of a number of spin-offs and start-ups, some of which were remarkably successful. High-tech employment in the state reached a peak of almost 73,000 in 2001, but has declined nearly 20% to 58,000 in 2008. As of 2012, Intel has more than 16,000 employees in Oregon. IC Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other

Social This is really a major company centred region and ecosystem which revolves around economics Intel and Microsoft. Similarly, Intel has invested heavily in its Oregon campus and is also status critical to the region.

There is no real formal structure regarding the cluster organisation; largely Intel and Goal Microsoft operate in a cooperative but separate basis. Intel operates a large amount of capacity in Oregon and ON Semiconductor (formerly Field Motorola) also has a presence in Oregon as well as Idaho. Microsoft has a large integrated circuit design team (for consumer electronics products).

Members Intel, ON Semiconductor, Microsoft

Description

The Northeast region encompasses the states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Thanks to a long history with high-tech industries and research institutions, as well as the presence of Microsoft and Intel, this region has become an industry cluster for the semiconductor industry, also known as the "Silicon forest". Microsoft, Intel and ON Semiconductor (formerly Motorola) are the largest companies involved in the emergence of the cluster. Intel operates a large amount of its capacity in Oregon; ON Semiconductor has a presence in Oregon as well as in Idaho. Microsoft has a large integrated circuit design team (for consumer electronics products) and takes tremendous interest in how components contribute to servers, personal computing, and mobile devices. This consumer product specialization is what defines this area. Both Intel and Microsoft underwrite research activity at local universities, but those universities do not receive the level of federal government grants in the electronics area that other regions have. A host of fabless semiconductor firms is located across Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.

Economic Background and Importance

This is really a major-company-centred region and ecosystem which revolves around Intel and Microsoft. Microsoft is essential to the economic health of the greater Seattle area especially as the area's other major employer, Boeing, moves jobs out. Microsoft has kept a high percentage of jobs in the area, especially in the area of design, and the supporting ecosystem magnifies the impact.

Similarly, Intel has heavily invested in its Oregon campus and is critical for the region. ON Semiconductor and other component manufacturers are less important although the favourable energy costs in the region are likely to attract more component companies. Regarding the employment growth, in 2011 the cluster shows 5.2% overall growth, and management growth at 6.1%. In 2010 the growth was more modest (4.1%, 4.8%) It should be noted that some of this was due to the movement of jobs at Intel from California to Oregon. Regarding the growth in number of start-ups, using business registration sources, 13 firms were launched between 2010 and 2011. 9 were related to semiconductor design (fabless) and 4 to semiconductor equipment design and installation services. This is a diverse region with large non high-tech companies such as Nike, Boeing, Amazon, and Paccar. IDC estimates that the share of innovative companies would be 11% based on company count, but closer to 20% based on revenue.

Funding

The "Microsoft Millionaires" have invested their earnings back into the industry but they are likely to go through the established venture capital funds in Silicon Valley. Similarly, funding for new ventures in the region comes from those same northern California sources, but recently has tended to be more software focused. IDC estimates that 95% of R&D is funded by private companies and 75% of that comes from Microsoft and Intel. The Department of Energy (DOE) does have a lab in Richland (Washington), but the focus is largely on smart grid research. The State University systems focus more on software and analytics, but here is some work in the semiconductor area. Tax credits are provided for qualified research expenses, i.e., the tax credit offsets federal income tax and the income tax in states offering research credits. However there are several limitations and the final amount of tax credit is never over 9%, according to Deloitte 2012 Global Survey of R&D Tax Incentives. A report by the Information technology and innovation Foundation, July 2012, complains that the US is only 42nd in a long list of countries providing tax incentives for R&D, with a low level of incentives. On the other hand, state governments provide additional tax incentives to attract corporations. For example, a new tax break deal ( approved in 2005) became active in 2010. It will exempt Intel from $579 million in property taxes over 15 years. Intel must invest at least $25 billion in Oregon to receive the full benefit.

Cluster Coordination

There is no real formal structure regarding the cluster organisation; largely Intel and Microsoft operate in a cooperative but separate basis. With two strong "cluster captains" in Microsoft and Intel, there is a lot of coordination in the region. However, the rules of engagement are dictated by these masters that can stifle innovation. However both of these companies are highly supportive once they trust the suppliers which can mean opportunities for growth as well.

4 SHORT EU CLUSTERS PROFILES

4.1 ARCSIS - SCS SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS, FRANCE

Name ARCSIS - SCS Sophia Antipolis Country France Region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Created in July 2005 on the initiative of the Government supported by local and regional Origins governments IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Position in the Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) industrial Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) value chain Assembly & Test Other Social economics NA status Active in the fields of secured communicating solutions covering the entire value chain of ICT careers, to Silicon Uses: Microelectronics, Telecommunications, Software, Multimedia. Goal For the following applications: Traceability, connectivity, identity, mobility and cross- section, Security. Field Industry, Health, Transport / Logistics, Food, Sustainability, etc

Members The World Competitiveness Cluster SCS unites over 260 members International Consortium TIC Tunisiens, Cluster "El Ghazala", EICT Labs, Matimop Israel, MIT Media Lab Partners Boston (shared experience), Torino Wireless Sponsor & Région PACA, Languedoc-Roussillon, des Alpes-maritime; département du Var, FEDER, etc relation

Place Sophie Laffitte BP217 Contact 06904 Sophia Antipolis France Tél. : +33 (0)4 42 53 82 85

Web site http://www.arcsis.org

4.2 BAYERN PHOTONICS OBERPFAFFENHOFEN, GERMANY

Name Bayern Photonics Oberpfaffenhofen Country Germany Region Oberbayern Origins 2001 Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Other value chain Social economics Association status

Bayern photonics has been founded to promote science, research and education in optical technologies and to coordinate cooperation with science and industry. The main objective of Bayern photonics is to cluster the well-known sources of competence and resources in the range of optical technologies. Bayern photonics competence network acts as a connecting link between municipalities, companies, universities and other research facilities. Bayern photonics aims at: Fostering synergy between industry players Goal Promoting industry needs Organizing workshops and other events Offering marketing and public relations opportunities Promoting dialog in the network Supporting start-ups Fostering development of education and further training Providing advisory service for government subsidies Bayern photonics develops project related to national and international cooperation opportunities.

Material processing of and for optical components; Micro-optical systems; Optical information- and communication techniques; Field Optical measurement; BioPhotonik — Life Science. Bayern Photonics intends to increase the economic efficiency of its members and forward the entire optical technologies at the same time.

Members 94 members (57 companies and 37 Universities and Research Facilities) International Cooperation agreement already exists with the optic cluster of Québec Photonic Network, Partners Canada. Sponsor & OptecNet Deutschland e.V. is the association of the German regional Competence Networks relation for Optical Technologies Bayern photonics Argelsrieder Feld 22 D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen Phone.: +49 (0) 8153 / 9536 87 Contact www.bayern-photonics.de [email protected] Dr. Horst Sickinger CEO email : [email protected]

Web site www.bayern-photonics.de

4.3 BCS (BUSINESS CLUSTER SEMICONDUCTORS EAST NETHERLANDS), NETHERLANDS

Name BCS (Business Cluster Semiconductors East Netherlands) Country Netherland Region East Netherlands Origins It began in 2008 launched by the development agency Oost NV

IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The governance of the cluster is as follows: RMM Fonville Chairman of the cluster, Th.NM Föllings (Oost NV), HBM Diepenmaat (Bruco Integrated Circuits), FG J Boschman Social (Boschman Technologies BV), G. Beenker (NXP Netherlands BV), J. Ramaekers Counselor economics and A. Janssens (SolMates) . status The cluster is managed by: H. Gerards Director, WHC Flute Senior Advisor, J. Lion Program Secretariat, M. Hoekstra Program Manager Improved Competitiveness through cooperation for companies active in the whole value Goal chain of development, production and application of Advanced IC's, MEMS, Sensors and Wireless Systems. Development, production and application of Advanced IC's, MEMS, Sensors and Wireless Field Systems. 89 members 31 (IC, Mems,& sensor design), 13 front end (production process & Members equipment) 8 back end (packaging & Equipment), 5 (Assembly and test), 13 systems & design, 17 Shared EDA, 2 other members International Point.one, Health Valley Netherland, Innovatieplateformtwente Partners Sponsor & The province of Gelderland, the Province of Overijssel, The Ministry of Economic Affairs, relation Agriculture and Innovation Henk Gerards Contact Meander 601 Postbus 5215 6802 EE Arnhem Phone +31 (0)26 711 20 00

Web site http://www.bcsemi.nl

4.4 BIRMINGHAM SCIENCE PARK ASTON'S, OPTICAL PERFORMANCE CENTRE (OPC), UK

Name Birmingham Science Park Aston's, Optical Performance Centre (OPC) Country United Kingdom Region West Midlands Birmingham Science Park Aston's, Optical Performance Centre (OPC) was founded in 2000 Origins under the previous name of Photonics Cluster (UK) Position in the industrial IC, MEMS & Sensor Design value chain Social economics NA status OPC has been specifically designed to be a technical resource, supporting the development Goal of new products and processes; offering photonics expertise and equipment across multiple sectors.

Photonic technologies are helping many industries overcome complex technical challenges and improve manufacturing processes. As a result photonic techniques have become key tools in offering alternative pathways to help achieve technical and commercial goals. The OPC attracts science and technology projects and brings academics and industry Field professionals together in mutually beneficial collaborations. The OPC currently operates in the following industries; Automotive and Aerospace manufacturing, Lighting Manufacturing, Energy and Waste Reduction, Construction and the Food Industry.

Members Over 100 technology businesses Membership with Cisco's "Global Exchange for Growth" Network and the British Innovation Gateway and the associated UK network of Virtual Innovation Centres. OPC is a full member of European Business & innovation Centre Network, which is a International leading pan-European network bringing together 200+ Business & Innovation Centres Partners (BICs), the International Association of Science Parks (IASP), which is a global forum through to a delivery partner for UK Trade & Investment (UKTI). OPC also has partnerships with UKSPA, UKBI and UKBIF. Sponsor & NA relation Dr David Hardman MBE, CEO of Birmingham Science Park Aston Faraday Wharf, Holt Street Contact Birmingham Science Park Aston Birmingham B7 4BB — UK T: 0121 260 6020

Web site http://bsp-a.com/business-support/photonics-rd/

4.5 CENTER FOR MICROSYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY BERLIN, GERMANY

Name Center for Microsystems Technology Berlin / Zentrum für Mikrosystemtechnik Berlin (ZEMI) Country Germany Region Berlin The ZEMI network started in November 2001. This project was founded by the Berlin Origins government and the European Union.

Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Assembly & Test

Social Since 2004 ZEMI has acted on his own initiative and the operation is financed by the ZEMI economics associates. status The Center for Microsystems Technology in Berlin (ZEMI) is an association of research institutes which focuses on the regional research and development potential in Goal microsystems technology. As a one-stop agency, ZEMI is the central contact for industry cooperation and supports SMEs, in particular, via technology transfer.

Their competences cover the whole value chain, from the design of a microsystems technology product via the development of production technologies and the manufacturing of prototypes to the testing of the products. Some examples of services in the ZEMI competence fields are: Field Design and simulation: system design, VR applications, simulation. Production technologies: material development, micro-technological processes, laser structuring, microforming, microassembly, system integration, packaging. Test and analysis: process analysis, function and reliability tests, damage analysis.

7 research organisations are associated to ZEMI: BAM, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (Division Advanced Technical Ceramics and Division Nanomaterial Technologies); Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz, Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik - Microwave Technology and Optoelectronics Research; Members Fraunhofer IPK - Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology; Fraunhofer IZM - Institute for Reliability and Microintegration; Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB) Institute for Nanometre Optics and Technology; TUB, Technical University Berlin , Departments of Machine Tools and Factory Management, Precision Engineering and Microtechnology. Contact Phone: +49 30 6392 3390 / email: [email protected] Web site www.zemi-berlin.de

4.6 CLUSTER MICROTEC SÜDWEST/ MST BW ASSOCIATION, GERMANY

Name MicroTEC Südwest/ MST BW (Mikrosystemtechnik Baden-Württemberg e.V) Association Country Germany Region Freiburg (State of Baden-Württemberg, Southwest of Germany) Origins NA Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain

The association MST BW is responsible for the management of the Spitzencluster. MicroTEC Social Südwest, one of the largest technology clusters in Europe, is situated in Southwest of economics Germany, which is one of the most attractive business and research regions worldwide. status About 30% of the total number of MEMS enterprises and users in Germany are located in the cluster region.

The professional association MST BW has been commissioned by the State of Baden- Württemberg to act as the central contact party for microsystems engineering and as Goal coordinator of the Spitzencluster (leading edge cluster) MicroTEC Südwest. In the field of microsystem technology, MST BW represents the interests of industry, research facilities, and universities in Baden-Württemberg. In the field of microsystems technology, MST BW represents the interests of industry, research facilities, and Universities in Baden-Württemberg. The association therefore represents the interests of its members vis-à-vis politics and institutions. It serves as a Field connective link between research and the economy to sustainably promote and secure knowledge and technology transfer in the region as well as collaboration at international level. It unites more than 350 companies, institutions, universities, and research facilities with more than 1,200 scientists and is thus one of the largest technology networks in Europe. Members The association MST BW is responsible for the management of the Spitzencluster. Global players such as Bosch, Roche Diagnostics, Festo, Daimler, Zeiss, Endress+Hauser, Sick, and Testo, are members of the cluster. International MST BW accompanies the strategy process of the Spitzencluster and coordinates all Partners activities within the scope of MicroTEC Südwest. Sponsor & NA relation Dr. Christine Neuy Contact Cluster management Phone: +49 761 386909-12 email:[email protected] Web site http://www.microtec-suedwest.de/

4.7 DISTRETTO DELLA MECCATRONICA, ITALY

Name Distretto della meccatronica Country Italy Region Veneto Origins 2004 Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Social Metadistretto Mechatronics companies account for a total of 33,000 persons employed and economics more than €6 billion in revenue status Metadistretto Mechatronics is an evolution of mechanics that incorporates the potential of IT, electronics and new materials to create products and systems, "smart", capable, to change the performance in relation to the changing conditions of use and operational Goal constraints. In the North East, and particularly in the province of Vicenza, the mechanical sector turns out to be a long time among the most important of all manufacturing industry, both in terms of exports, both for those in work amount and value added. The strategic lines of the District for the period 2007 — 2010 can be summarized as follows: spread and consolidate the culture mechatronics and mechanical innovation and promote higher education in the field, provide information, tools and strategic services for innovation and competitiveness, encourage partnerships and business networks for the Field development of joint projects, promote the internationalization of enterprises. The strategies identified in the Development Agreement for the period 2007-2010, (Covenant Development District Mechatronics 2007-2010) are built on four pillars: research, innovation, internationalization, and training. In Metadistretto Mechatronics 25 large companies, 114 medium-sized enterprises, 272 Members small businesses are active

Secretariat c / o Confindustria Vicenza Fridge Angelo, Contact Piazza Castello, 3 — 36100 Vicenza (Italy) tel.0039 0444232500 -email: [email protected]

Web site www.distrettomeccatronica.it

4.8 DISTRETTO TECNOLOGICO ETNA VALLEY, ITALY

Name Distretto Tecnologico Etna Valley Country Italy Region Sicily Etna Valley created in 1997 consists of a network of relationships between high-tech industries, research centres and educational institutions of universities, local authorities and the service industry. The synergy between these actors as partners in the economic Origins development of the area has encouraged the establishment of new businesses; by that time, sixty high-tech companies had been established in the area. STMicroelectronics (ST) in Catania has a long-standing collaboration with the excellent surrounding universities, combining the world of industry with that of academic research. Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain The silicon in the Etna Valley employs around 4,000 people. Social The most obvious example is the one created by ST: many companies provide gas and economics equipment to manufacture microchips that previously came from Milan or from Germany. status It is estimated that more than a thousand are micro-enterprises that are working in this field.

Goal NA Field Advanced Technologies Members 136 companies with some large player such ST Microelectronics, Nokia, IBM, Alcatel International NA Partners Sponsor & InvestiaCatania SpA, HITEC, relation

Vazzana, Salvatore Via Leucatia,76b Catania, CT Contact Telephone: +39.095338701 Fax: +39.095338701 Email: [email protected]

Web site www.etnavalley.com

4.9 DSP VALLEY, BELGIUM

Name DSP Valley Country Belgium Region Vlaams Gewest Started in 1996 as a private initiative co-founded by Philips (International Technology Origins Centre Leuven), Imec and K.U.Leuven. IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other

DSP Valley is not only a networking organisation, but also a cluster of densely linked Social businesses and research institutes. DSP Valley is headquartered in Leuven, Belgium and economics has a branch office in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. The DSP Valley has put in place a status coordination office and a platform for the exchange of information about the latest developments in the specific domain.

To promote the region as a centre of excellence in DSP and embedded design and to promote the expertise of the member companies; to stimulate the growth of the companies by exploiting synergy and complementarities and by cooperating in joint R&D Goal projects and cross fertilization; to provide training and education; in order to enlarge the available knowledge, expertise, talent and manpower; to stimulate the growth of the region of excellence by attracting new players. DSP Valley is an independent technology cluster focusing on the design of hardware and embedded software for (digital) signal processing systems, including image & sound processing, communication & navigation technologies, Systems-on-Chip (SoC) and any Field other ambient intelligence technology and all enabling design methodologies and tools. Application domains range from consumer and automotive electronics, to medical devices, communication networks and high tech machine construction. DSP Valley groups 60+ members: universities, research institutes and companies from small start-ups, over SMEs to large international groups with a local R&D activity. Three Members kind of members: the full members companies, the full members Research centres and Academics institutes, and the associated members. International ARCSIS, BICC-Net, ESP KTN, Minalogic, National Microelectronics Institute, Silicon Saxony, Partners Silicon south west, SYSTEM@TIC DSP Valley receives funding from several regional agencies, local provinces and from EU to promote its objectives. The organisations supporting DSP Valley financially are: IWT Vlaanderen, Flanders Investment and Trade, Interreg Vlaanderen-Nederland, Interreg Sponsor & Euregio Maas-Rijn, Province of Vlaams-Brabant, Province of Noord-Brabant, Point.One. relation They provide financial support, advice, co-ordination and networking, policy support. A key goal is to stimulate the international entrepreneurship of Flemish companies and attract FDI. Contact PETER SIMKENS Tel. +32 16 24 14 40 Web site www.dspvalley.com

4.10 ELECTRONICS SENSORS PHOTONICS KTN, UK

Name Electronics Sensors Photonics KTN Country United Kingdom Region West Sussex Origins NA Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Other value chain Social economics The ESP KTN is not a trade association, nor is it a generator of content and IP status The ESP KTN is committed to reaching into new networks to make the best use of the knowledge in the sector, and find fresh contacts and routes for partnerships; they provide Goal extensive reach to academics that will be increasingly required to show the potential impact of their research, and thus the ESP KTN will be improving its connections to the universities and Research Councils. Electronics, Sensors, Photonics, plastic electronics, embedded systems, displays, lighting, Field instrumentation, control systems Members 5,043 individual members, 42 groups, (18 shared) International NA Partners Sponsor & NA relation General ESP KTN enquires, Contact Anna Field, [email protected], Tel 01403 251354 Web site www.connect.innovateuk.org/Web/espktn

4.11 ELIKO TECHNOLOGY COMPETENCE CENTRE IN ELECTRONICS, ESTONIA

Name ELIKO Technology Competence Centre in Electronics Country Estonia Region Eesti ELIKO was established in 2004 as an independent state supported research organisation focusing on industrial and applied research in the area of smart environment systems. It has spun off from Tallinn University of Technology and its Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics and Department of Computer Science who in collaboration with Origins private companies have formed its consortia. Together with government aid and access to top Estonian scientific know-how, it enables to reduce the risks of ICT technology development and validation for its partner companies. Since 2004 ELIKO has also participated in various FP6, FP7, Marie Curie, Eurostars and other international projects.

Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Other

Social economics NA status The mission of ELIKO is to improve the competitiveness of Estonian ICT industry through Goal the collaboration of top research institutions and businesses in the fields of electronics and communication technologies. ELIKO has mainly focused its R&D activities into the following sub-fields: Sensing and signal processing Field Wireless communication in smart environment Software applications for smart environment Software and hardware testing

13 associates members and 15 consortium members: Regio AS, East-Tallinn Central Members Hospital, Elvior OÜ, Girf OÜ, North Estonia Medical Centre etc. International NA Partners Sponsor & ELIKO Technology Competence Center together with seven other competence centers is relation part of the Competence Center Program financed by Enterprise Estonia.

Business Reg Nr: 11054022 Address: Mäealuse 2/1, 3nd floor Contact Tallinn 12618, Estonia Phone: +372 6599 881 E-mail: [email protected]

Web site http://www.eliko.ee/

4.12 ELOPSYS LIMOGES, FRANCE

Name ELOPSYS Limoges Country France Region Limousin Competitive cluster of High Technology in field of microwaves, photonics, secure networks, Origins images and digital interfaces was founded in 2006. Position in the Industrial products and systems solutions industrial Other value chain The cluster governance is ensured by the Board of directors, representative of companies, education and research sectors made up of 14 members: 8 representatives of the founder members: Anovo, Legrand, Photonis, CEA Gramat (ex CEG), Cisteme, XLIM, Limousin Expansion and the University of Limoges. Social 3 representatives of SMEs having less than 250 persons reserved to the active members economics representing the 3 fields of excellence of the cluster: microwave, photonics, secure status networks and/or digital design 2 representatives of the Business category having more than 250 persons reserved to the active members 1 representative of the associate members category Elopsys has been set-up to support, federate and anticipate ideas and projects, research, Goal teaching and application development for the telecommunications, defence, health and building communication.

Applications developed by Elopsys' partner companies' position themselves in the following Field markets: Telecommunications, Defence, Health and Building communication. 81 members 65 Entreprises (Legrand, Thales, Photonis, Direction Générale de l'Armement Members (DGA)), 5 Research (Laboratoire XLIM), 4 Education and 7 other members.

Participation in technology missions initiated by the DG for Enterprise: Ontario, Ottawa. Participation in the French Technology Days in Saudi Arabia. Home of the symposium on International the internationalization of clusters in June 2008 in Limoges. Participation in EU research Partners programs (Esprit, "Human Capital and Mobility", Greco "Silicon Integrated Circuits", Brite- Euram, MAE "Alliance", "Sunflower", "Picasso", Eureka "Euripides"). Strengthening partnership with the American University and Laboratory GeorgiaTech XLIM.

Elopsys financial sponsors are : The Région Limousin, The DIRECCTE (Direction Régionale des Entreprises, de la Concurrence, de la Consommation, du Travail et de l'Emploi), the Sponsor & FEDER (Fonds Européen de Développement Régional), the Conseil Général de la Haute- relation Vienne, the Communauté d'agglomération de Limoges Metropole, the Communauté d'agglomération de Brive.

Immeuble Cassiopée-Parc d'Ester Contact 26 rue Atlantis 87069 Limoges Cedex mail : [email protected] TEL : +33 5 87 21 21 60

Web site www.elopsys.fr

4.13 FLANDERS MECHATRONICS TECHNOLOGY CENTRE, BELGIUM

Name Flanders Mechatronics Technology Centre (FMTC) Country Belgium Region Vlaams Gewest FMTC was founded by AGORIA, the Belgian technology industry federation, and 14 leading Origins mechatronic companies in Flanders in 2006 Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain FMTC offers a team of highly skilled project managers and researchers to perform the research projects, and has a number of strategic alliances with knowledge institutes. Social FMTC has also created a professional environment where companies can share research economics results in confidence. status FMTC members jointly develop and improve generic mechatronic competences and technologies to improve the competitive edge of its member companies.

FMTC bridges the research gap between academia and industry. Goal Mechatronics combines mechanics, electronics, and software in an optimal way to make products more modular, more intelligent, and more productive. Monitoring solutions, Control design, Control software engineering, Fault diagnostics, Field Electrical actuation, Industrial communication, Mechatronic system engineering, Physical modelling

30 employees Budget around €5 million Members 19 member companies 3 associate members (Universities or associations)

To achieve its mission, the centre conducts industry-driven joint projects and contract International projects in the following research clusters: Modelling & Control, Communications & Partners Software and Monitoring & Diagnostics. For its operation, the centre is supported by the Flemish government and also receives Sponsor & 64% of its income from subsidies of the Flemish region (26% comes from revenue from relation the industry and 10% from other income). Contact Tel.: +32 16 32 80 50

Web site www.fmtc.be

4.14 GAIA, SPAIN

Name GAIA Country Spain Region País Vasco (Basque Country) Origins The association was founded in 1983 Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Social economics Private status Gaia's goal is to: Promote all the aspects of development and growth related to the Electronics, IT and Telecommunications. Defend the legitimate interests of member companies. Favour the assimilation and efficient usage of advanced technologies by the Basque Goal Country as a region, with the aim of collaborating with the development of an Information and Knowledge Society. Be recognised as the most committed private and independent institution to the development of the electronics and ICTs that it represents with a rational and efficient usage of products and services based on those technologies, in the Basque Country.

GAIA provides a wide range of services and programmes to member companies in fields of technology, management improvement, training, and marketing and internationalisation. Field It also provides other general services (representation, coordination of committees and business groups, consultancy, promotion of business collaboration between member companies and with third parties, etc.), typical of an Industrial Association.

Members 260 International NA Partners Sponsor & NA relation

GAIA's Main Offices in Donostia — San Sebastián C/ Portuetxe, 14 — 1º. Edificio Ibaeta Contact 20.018 — Donostia — San Sebastián (Gipuzkoa) Spain Tel: 902 54 03 21

Web site www.gaia.es

4.15 HIGHTECH ITZEHOE, GERMANY

Name Hightech Itzehoe Country Germany Region Schleswig-Holstein Origins The association was founded in 2004

IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Position in the Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) industrial Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) value chain Assembly & Test Hightech Itzehoe is the local concentration of enterprises of a value chain centring on Social microtechnologies in Schleswig-Holstein. Next to enterprises, the closely interconnected economics cluster partners are research institutes, universities, education networks, financing status institutions, public authorities, and a far-reaching portfolio of services for companies and start-ups This cluster aims at achieving its goals through positioning Hightech Itzehoe among the worldwide top regions in R&D, and marketing of new technologies, promotion of Goal innovation and investment through the State of Schleswig-Holstein; promoting an efficient education system in new technologies an infrastructure that satisfies modern demands an entrepreneurial investment economy. Microsystem technology, IC-Technology, Applied plasma-technology, Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (CMP), Technology of lithographic processes, Biotechnical microsystems, Design Field of integrated circuits and microsystems, Assembly and packaging technology for microsystems and sensors, Quality and reliability of microelectronic assemblies, Lithium storage batteries with solid-state electrolytes. Within the framework of its industrial research ISIT has a stable customer base of over 350 Members companies, 50 of which are based in Schleswig-Holstein Sponsor & Utilisation of state and national funding programmes, European programmes (INTERREG relation for the Baltic and North Sea Regions, European FP6, technology transfer programmes) Director: Prof. Dr. Ralf Thiericke, Technologieförderung Itzehoe mbH, 49-(0)4821-778 0, Contact [email protected] Web site www.hightech-itzehoe.de

4.16 HESSEN-NANOTECH, WIESBADEN, GERMANY

Name Hessen-Nanotech, Wiesbaden Country Germany Region Darmstadt Origins 2004 Position in the Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) industrial Other value chain Social Public cluster. Hessen Nanotech cluster is managed by the HA Hessen Agentur GmbH, an economics agency set up by the regional government of Hessen. status Hessen-Nanotech coordinates the activities of the Hessian Ministry of Economics for the Goal funding of materials technology and nanotechnology enterprises. It is the platform for information, communication and cooperation in technology and nanotechnology. Presentation of competence, e. g. by surveys, presentations at trade fairs and exhibitions Dissemination of information on current knowledge and technological trends, e. g. via events, newsletter and internet portal for nano safety in matters of project and company development, e. g. by bringing nano technology suppliers and users from industry and Field science together or financing and promoting companies or projects. It also acts as a "pilot" to various competence centres in Hessen, e. g. for: - technology transfer between universities and companies; - technology transfer with European partners; - funding and location advisory services. Members NA International NA Partners

The Ministry of Economics, Transport, Urban and Regional Development in Hessen initiated Sponsor & the Aktionslinie Hessen-Nanotech as one of a series of measures taken by the regional relation government to promote nanotechnology in Hessen.

Alexander Bracht Head of Hessen-Nanotech HA Hessen Agentur GmbH Contact Abraham-Lincoln-Str. 38-42 D-65189 Wiesbaden Tel.: +49 611 95017-8614 E-Mail: [email protected]

Web site http://www.hessen-nanotech.de/

4.17 INNOVATIONLAB — FORUM ORGANIC ELECTRONICS, GERMANY

Name InnovationLab — Forum Organic Electronics Country Germany Region Karlsruhe Based on the initiative of Prof. Dr. Claus E. Heinrich, former member of the Executive Board of SAP AG and former chairman of the board of the group Zukunft Metropolregion Rhein-Neckar (ZMRN e.V.), the Academic Council of the Rhine-Neckar metropolitan region was set up in May 2007. The aim of this committee, with many outstanding members, is to drive the networking of Origins science and business in the region and to promote joint research activities. In order to make these goals a reality, the Academic Council has actively supported the foundation of InnovationLab GmbH and the successful entry of the Forum Organic Electronics cluster into the excellence cluster competition held by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research. Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain InnovationLab GmbH is owned by science and business in equal part. The University of Social Heidelberg, with 40%, and the University of Mannheim, with 10%, hold half of the shares, economics while the other half is held by the companies BASF SE, Merck KGaA, Freudenberg & Co., status Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG, Roche Diagnostics GmbH and SAP AG, each with 8.33% of the shares. The objectives of the leading-edge cluster Forum Organic Electronics, formulated jointly by the cluster partners, underpin the aim of securing the role as the world leader in the development of new technologies: To adopt the position of international leader as a location for research, development and production in organic electronics To establish the world's leading innovation centre for knowledge transfer and company Goal start-ups To create one of the most attractive locations for young researchers, specialists and managers In order to achieve these objectives and to be able to turn the research results into new products and services more quickly, the main cluster partners have joined together to form the application-oriented research and knowledge transfer organisation InnovationLab. The activities of Innovation Lab are divided into several business areas. In the area of applied research, the partners work together on specific projects, initially focused on the Organic Electronics area of research. In the business area Transfer and Incubator, inventions which are not commercialized by the partners are to be subjected to marketing Field in the form of a virtual company. To ensure that enough well-qualified researchers are available in the next generation, attractive teaching structures are created together with the partners from universities in the Promotion of Young Researchers area. The main role of the Services business area is the management of the Forum Organic Electronics cluster. Members Cooperative network of 25 companies, universities and research institutes The Opera project aims to coordinate work in science and industry in Europe in the field of organic and large area electronics (OLAE). Its partners include the Holst Centre (Netherlands), the Institute of Applied Photo Physics (Germany) and the VTT (Finland) International (www.opera-project.eu). Partners The Organic Electronics Association is a working group in the VDMA and represents the entire value chain of organic electronics, such as plastic chips, organic displays, organic photovoltaics and sensors. Its members include leading international companies and research institutions (www.vdma.org/oe-a). Sponsor & NA relation

InnovationLab GmbH Speyerer Straße 4 Contact 69115 Heidelberg, Germany T +49 6221 — 54 19 100 / E [email protected]

Web site www.innovationlab.de/en/forschung/uebersicht/

4.18 INETS MICROELECTRONICS SOUTH WEST, UK

Name iNets Microelectronics South West Country United Kingdom South West (Gloucestershire, South Gloucestershire, Wiltshire, Dorset, Devon, Bath and Region North East Somerset, North Somerset, Bristol) Origins 2010 Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) Position in the Assembly & Test industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Other

iNets Microelectronics Southwest is led by The University of the West of England - Director of the South West Microelectronics iNet -Rick Chapman Social - Microelectronics iNet Lead- Prof. Janice Kiely economics - Microelectronics iNet Business Specialist — Riley Sims status - Marketing Officer — Gemma Baldwin - Project Administrator- Joanna Portis - Operations Director — Amanda Richardson

Goal Strengthen the Microelectronics sector in the South West. iNets team provides an effective arena for innovation by providing networking activities, Field supporting new company and new product development, and assisting with transitional phases during company growth. 2 universities (University of the West of England, University of Bristol), 1 Knowledge Members transfer Network (Electronics, Sensors, Photonics KTN), 1 association (NMI), 1 company (Stmicroelectronics) International NA Partners Sponsor & UK Department of Business, Innovation and Skills relation European Regional Development Fund (£2.3 million)

Microelectronics iNet (2P50/51) Faculty of Environment and Technology University of the West of England Contact Frenchay Campus Coldharbour Lane Bristol BS16 1QY — UK Web site www.inets-sw.co.uk/microelectronics

4.19 KOMPETENZNETZWERK MECHATRONIK GÖPPINGEN, GERMANY

Name Kompetenznetzwerk Mechatronik Göppingen Country Germany Region Stuttgart

The trigger for establishing the Mechatronics Competence Network BW eV was the decline of the textile industry in the region to Göppingen. Origins With an initial funding, the Mechatronics Competence Network Göppingen eV was founded in 2001 with 28 members. Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Social economics NA status Identify and leverage synergies through professional cluster management Manufacturing technology "Made in Germany" to secure exports Goal Collaboration to achieve excellent results Building Innovation Alliance (Manufuture, Enova, ...) Knowledge and technology transfer, Industrial and research collaborations, Events, Field workshops, trade shows, Press and PR. Members 82 International NA Partners Sponsor & The Federal Ministry for Economics and Technology (BMWi) relation Mechatronics Competence Network BW eV Manfred Wörner Strasse 115 Contact 73037 Göppingen Tel (07161) 965950-0 Email: [email protected]

Web site www.mechatronik-ev.de

4.20 MECHATRONICS CLUSTER BULGARIA BLAGOEVGRAD, BULGARIA

Name Mechatronics Cluster Bulgaria Blagoevgrad Country Bulgaria Region Yugozapaden The Mechatronics and Automation Cluster was established in 2006. Its members are high- Origins tech companies and scientific bodies in the field of instrument-building, hardware and software Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Social Its members are high-tech companies and scientific bodies in the field of instrument- economics building, hardware and software status The Cluster gives good opportunities for future cooperation between basic local industrial Goal units focusing increasing regional competitiveness in electronics, informatics and mechatronics, software and hardware products and services in the period 2008-2013. Field Instrument-building, hardware and software 20 companies, research organisations and NGOs in the field of mechatronics and automation. Spesima Ltd, Vaniko Ltd, Kristian-Deni Ltd, Robotika JSC, Intelligent Security Members Systems Ltd, Semis Ltd, EN Marvel Engineering Ltd, Saturn Engineering Ltd, Stratex Ltd, Samel-90 JSC, Spesima Engineering Ltd, Pixeye Ltd, SD Partners Ltd, Systems Automation Technologies — SAT Ltd + 3 scientific bodies and 3 NGOs International NA Partners Sponsor & The projects are implemented with financial support of the European Union and Republic of relation Bulgaria Contact Phone: +359 2 973 87 62 — [email protected] Web site www.cluster-mechatronics.eu

4.21 MECHATRONIK CLUSTER, AUSTRIA

Name Mechatronik Cluster (MC) Country Austria Region Oberösterreich Origins NA Position in the industrial Industrial product and systems solutions value chain Social economics The Cluster Upper Austria GmbH lead the Mechatronik Cluster status The MC sees itself as a cross-industry network of companies in the machinery and equipment as well as related industries, such as the equipment, technology, component suppliers, research and development as well as educational institutions. The mechatronics as a transversal of the individual disciplines of mechanics, electronics and computer science is an essential part of the economic and daily life in Upper Austria and has field strength with a variety of relevant business and R&D and educational institutions. Goal The overall objective of the MC is to increase the competitiveness by increasing innovation and development of key competencies of partner companies. Plays the intensification of cooperation with partner companies and R & D institutions play a central role. Companies learn early through active partnership in the network determines the competitive developments and trends in cooperative form can increase their competitiveness. This enhanced cooperation between enterprises in particular SMEs, opportunities for the use of synergy and innovation potential.

Advising on project ideas (alternative funding opportunities, conditions to be observed) Search for suitable partners (personal research, project tender for MC-media and initiation of round tables for project-interested); Preparation of the grant application; Settlement of Field filing; Support during the project implementation; Possibility of holding project meetings in the premises of MC; Project related PR (MC-media and trade press)

Members 341 partners Sponsor & Sponsoring organisations are the Cluster Upper Austria GmbH and ecoplus. Lower Austrian relation Business Agency Ltd. Cluster Upper Austria GmbH Mechatronics Cluster Contact Hafenstraße 47-51 4020 Linz eMail: [email protected] / Tel: +43-732-79810-5172

Web site www.mechatronik-cluster.at

4.22 MICROTECHNIQUES BESANÇON, FRANCE

Name Microtechniques Besançon Country France Region Franche-Comté Origins 2004

Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Other

Social economics Major economic player in micro-technology at national and European level. status Pole micro-technology promotes business competitiveness through support of R&D and Goal innovation

Cooperation projects for innovation-technology products Projects "Products-Markets" Field Projects' developments and technological innovations "4 priority target markets: Biomedical, Transport and Energy, Measurement & Controls, Luxury (watches, jewellery / jewellery and eyewear).

Members 145 members, 65 Large enterprises, 61 SMEs, 12 Research, 7 Education. International Micro-technique Besancon has some international partnerships in place with German and Partners Swiss centres. Conseil General de Franche-Comté, de Haute Saone, du territoire de Belfort; crédit agricole de Franche-Comté, UE. Sponsor & The Micro-techniques Centre works in partnership with centres like Plastipolis, Véhicule du relation Futur, Alsace Biovalley, Materalia and Arve Industries to develop common research areas and boost the drive for co-certification of joint projects. Contact Tel +33 3 81 25 53 65 Web site www.polemicrotechniques.fr

4.23 MIKRO-NANO-THÜRINGEN, GERMANY

Name Mikro-Nano-Thüringen (MNT) Country Germany Region Thüringern Origins NA

Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Social economics Association status The goal of the cluster is to establish a wide representation of interests for micro-systems technology and nanotechnology in Thuringia, especially representing interests of the midmarket. The intention of the MNT e.V. is to strengthen the competitiveness of its Goal members and the entire sector in terms of professional, staff and organisational support and hence to push the broad and long-term connection of these key technologies with a variety of economical sectors in the future. The MNT bundles competences of research institutes and technology companies ranging from raw materials, new materials, ultra high precision processing as well as design and Field manufacturing of microsystem technology products in the meaning of smart systems integration. MNT e.V., is a cluster initiative of currently 46 members (including 14 scientific and Members educational institutions) International MINAM Micro-and Nano Manufacturing, Micronano Broker.EU, Enterprise Europe Network, Partners Sponsor & OptoNet eV, Bildungsportal Thüringen, IVAM eV, AMEC eV, relation Karsten Seifert, Cluster Executive Director Leutragraben 1 (JenTower) Contact 07743 Jena Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 3641 573 3900 email :[email protected] Web site www.mikronanotechnik.de

4.24 MINALOGIC GRENOBLE, FRANCE

Name Minalogic Grenoble Country France Region Rhône-Alpes Origins Created in July 2005 by the initiative of the French Government IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other

The cluster channels in a single physical location a range of highly-specialized skills and resources from knowledge creation to the development and production of intelligent miniaturized services for industry. The microelectronics sector in the Grenoble area is extremely dynamic. In the field of circuit miniaturization, SOITEC, set the goal of achieving Social 0.17-micron etching on 300 mm wafers and making energy-efficient components. Leti has economics made advances in fluorescent micropoint screens. Local component manufacturers status contribute additional expertise to the industry and provide key support for the technological advances made in and around Grenoble. Created at the initiative of CEA-Leti and Grenoble Institute of Technology, the Minatec centre for innovation in micro- and nano-technologies is at the top of its field in Europe.

Minalogic fosters research-led innovation in intelligent miniaturized products and solutions Goal for industry, the Micro-Nano workgroup (micro- and nano-technologies) and EmSoC workgroup (Embedded System on Chip). Energy Efficiency, Connectivity Mobility, Biology Health, Image Chain, Traditional Field Industries 203 members (156 enterprises (83% of SME), 12 research centres and universities, 15 local public sector organisations, 16 Economic development organisations, 4 private investors. Leading corporations and SMEs, including Schneider Electric, STMicroelectronics, NXP Semiconductors (Philips), Freescale, CapGemini, France Telecom, Bull, Soitec, Atmel, Members Trixell, Sofradir, Sofileta, Ulis, Silicomp, and Teamlog. Highly-innovative start-ups and SMEs and industrial firms (including Polyspace, Tronic's, and Scalagent.) Several leading research laboratories (including CEA-Leti, INRIA, CNRS, and Verimag.) In 2002, Freescale (Motorola) linked up with the R&D division of NXP Semiconductors (Philips) and STMicroelectronics. International Silicon Saxony Dresden Partners Région PACA, Languedoc-Roussillon, des Alpes-maritime; département du Var, ville de Sponsor & Marseille, 4 private investors to support its partnership with the Rhône-Alpes optics and relation photonics cluster (Optique Rhône-Alpes), Minalogic hired a dedicated person to lead the joint initiatives between Minalogic and Optique Rhône-Alpes. Contact 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38054 Grenoble, Tél. +33 (0)4 91 05 59 69

Web site www.minalogic.org

4.25 MINATECH-RO, ROMANIA

Name Minatech-RO Country Romania Region Bucharest -Ilfov

Minatech-RO was created and received institutional funding during 2004-2005 through the national INFRATECH Programme, administered by the Ministry of Education and Research. The financing from INFRATECH and IMT-Bucharest served for new clean room facilities, Origins state-of-the-art equipment acquisitions and fitting out spaces for the participating companies active in the micro- and nanotechnologies field. In 2006, the park was officially launched as a prominent Infrastructure for Technology Transfer and Innovation. IMT- Bucharest offers the main spaces, with a secondary location in PUB. Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Social The initiative of the establishment belonged to a national consortium, coordinated by the economics National Institute for R&D in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), and including the status Politehnica University of Bucharest (PUB) and the private company S.C. ROMES S.A. Goal The essential function of MinatechH-RO is incubation The activities of Mincatech-RO are complementary to the technology transfer projects developed by CTT-Baneasa and mostly focused on business incubation: Technological transfer: realization of prototypes, demonstrators or experimental models; small scale/pilot production after realizing the prototype; technological services, micro-physical characterization, simulation and computer aided design; Learning/training by preparation of courses and stages (with practical training) in the micro-systems, micro- and nano- Field technologies and micro-engineering domains; Assistance and consultancy activities for SMEs and small innovative enterprises: information in micro-engineering, micro-systems, micro- and nanotechnologies, access to databases, documentation, etc. Other tasks include facilitating the access of Romanian innovative SMEs to European networks and partnerships; dissemination of information (organizing conferences, workshops, editing publications, etc.). 6 members (Sitex 45 srl, European business innovation & research center s.a., dds Members diagnostic srl, Telemedica sa, rom-quartz s.a, optotech srl.) Contact [email protected] Web site www.minatech.ro

4.26 MST-NETZWERK RHEIN-MAIN E.V., GERMANY

Name mst-Netzwerk Rhein-Main e.V. Country Germany Region Rhine Main Neckar Founded in 2004 by 14 members (arteos GmbH, Creative Chips GmbH, Heimann Sensor GmbH, HTV GmbH, FH Aschaffenburg, FH Frankfurt, FH Wiesbaden, Institute for Origins Microtechnology Mainz GmbH, microSD part GmbH + Co.KG, n-sigma microsystems GmbH, Neutron Microelectronics GmbH, SENSITEC GmbH, Technical University of Darmstadt, Technology Hessen GmbH).

Position in the IC, MEMS & Sensor Design industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Industrial products and systems solutions

The aim is to promote science and research, to intensify basic research and support projects involving knowledge transfer to industry. The cluster offers to the members information and contacts in the fields of research and development production marketing and sales The additional benefits for the members are the personal contacts, low search efforts, a broad range, the regional proximity as well as company and institution visits. Research and development: Traditionally, industry, universities and technical colleges work very closely. This cooperation is enforced by mst-Netzwerk. Thus, common research applications have been scripted leading to projects in a total amount of over 3 million € Goal during last year. Further applications are in evaluation. Measurements of new materials and components were executed at the universities, and feasibility studies elaborated. Production: Normally, high-tech products need specialised cooperation and comprehensive division of work. Participating in mst-Netzwerk, this cooperation can actively be formed. Within the Rhine-Main area, there are numbers of highly specialised companies providing: manufacturing of sensors and microsystems foundry service of micro mechanical components construction and joining technology new materials, nano materials- manufacturing, characterisation optics and micro optics MST service. The application of highly specialised micro components can be supported via mst-Netzwerk.

The Cluster is organized into the following subject specializations in the form of working groups: Micro Machining and Micro Assembly, Measurement and Sensor Technology / Field Micro-optics, Semiconductor Technology, Bio-MEMS (fluidics), Micro-nano-integration, Sensor systems Mittelhessen

More than 30 members in the Rhine-Main area. It comprises manufacturers, users and Members suppliers of micro system technological products, research organisations and universities. Sponsor & Funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) relation

Dipl.-Ing. Richard Jordan, TechnologieTransfer Netzwerk Hessen und IHK- Contact Arbeitsgemenschaft Hessen c/oIHK Darmstadt, Rheinstraße 8964295 Darmstadt Tel: 06151 871-284 E-mail: [email protected]

Web site http://www.mst-rhein-main.de/

4.27 NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY PROJECT CLUSTER, AUSTRIA

Name Nanoimprint Lithography Project Cluster (NILaustria) Country Austria Region Oberösterreich Origins NA Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Social NILaustria is a project cluster within the Austrian Nanoinitiative. It consists of a part economics dedicated to project management (called NILaustria) and 8 RTD projects (3 BI and 5 BII) status projects which are directly application driven. The Goal of the NIL project is to generate excellence in NIL in Austria, improve NIL in an Goal application-driven approach, generate business opportunities, and make this visible at an European and worldwide level Large area nanostructuring is one of the main problems in nanotechnology. Within the Field NILaustria project cluster the consortium uses Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) to provide a versatile and cost efficient solution to achieve ultra high quality, large area nanostructures. 15 partner (AIT, Bionic ST, Broell, FHOÖ, JKU HLPHYS, Joanneum, Kolibri, MB Members Technologies, OnkoTec, PROFACTOR, TIGER, TU Wien FKE, TU Wien IAP, TU Wien IfP, ZFE) International NA Partners

Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Sponsor & Die Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft FFG relation The Austrian NANO Initiative

DI Dr. Michael Mühlberger PROFACTOR GmbH Functional Surfaces and Nanostructures Contact Im Stadtgut A2 A-4407 Steyr-Gleink Tel.: +43 7252 885 253

Web site www.nilaustria.at

4.28 NANOP BERLIN, GERMANY

Name NanOp Berlin Country Germany Region Berlin NanOp Berlin is the German national network for the application of lateral nanostructures, Origins nanoanalytical techniques and optoelectronics Position in the industrial IC, MEMS & Sensor Design value chain Social The present activities of practically all partners of NanOp are supported by the German economics government and research foundations. Sub-groups of the partners are already closely status cooperating within existing centres of excellence or research consortia. The aim of NanOp Berlin is to speed up research and development in the field of Goal nanotechnologies for Optoelectronics and to transfer the results to production. Consumer products (laser TV, illumination, displays), computers and communications (data Field storage, data links, optical interconnects, telecommunication) and measurement and environmental monitoring techniques (gas sensing, contamination control). NanOp Berlin unites 44 nationally and internationally leading research and development Members groups, technical and venture capital companies from Germany and the A. F. Ioffe Institute from St. Petersburg, Russia. International NA Partners The present activities of practically all partners of NanOp are supported by the German Sponsor & government and research foundations. Sub-groups of the partners are already closely relation cooperating within existing centres of excellence or research consortia. Matthias Kuntz Institut für Festkörperphysik Technische Universität Berlin Phone: + 49 — Contact 30 — 314 79 605/ [email protected] Web site www.zemi-berlin.de

4.29 NANOTECHNOLOGY CLUSTER PROGRAMME JYVÄSKYLÄ — OULU REGION, FINLAND

Name The Nanotechnology Cluster Programme Jyväskylä — Oulu Region Country Finland Region Länsi-Suomi Origins Created in 2006, Nanotechnology Cluster Programme is publicly funded Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Social The Cluster Programme combines technology companies, world class expertise in economics universities and research institutes all over Finland. status The cluster aims at applications in industries like ICT, electronics, mechanical engineering, Goal construction, forest, energy, environment, chemical, health and well-being.

Field OSKE Promotions, OSKE Partnering, OSKE Projects, OSKE Business skills

Members 24 companies and 13 research institutes International NA Partners Sponsor & Suomen Akatemia — Academy of Finland, Finnvera plc, Tekes, the Finnish Funding Agency relation for Technology and Innovation, Veraventure Ltd,

Dr. Eeva Viinikka, Programme Director of National Nanotechnology Cluster Programme Contact [email protected], tel +358 40 580 4982

Web site http://www.businessoulu.com/

4.30 NANOTECHNOLOGY COMPETENCE CENTRE UPOB BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY

Name Nanotechnology competence centre UPOB Braunschweig Country Germany Region Niedersachsen Origins 1998 Position in the Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) industrial Other value chain Social economics Association status

The purpose is achieved in particular through action in the field of precision machining to promote: National and international collaborations Exchange of information, Goal Training, Technology transfer from research institutions, Measures for the standardization and development Related standards, PR

Field Ultra-precision surface machining Members 31 Members International NA Partners Sponsor & Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Nanotechnologie- relation Kompetenzzentren Deutschlands (AGeNT-D), Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology

Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig. Heiko Klawitter (Management office / organisation) Contact email : [email protected]/ Phone: 0531 — 592 5131 Dr.-Ing. Rudolf Meeß (Manager) E-mail: [email protected] / Phone :0531 — 592 5560

Web site www.upob.de

4.31 NANOVALLEYEU EGGENSTEIN-LEOPOLDSHWAFWEN, GERMANY

Name NanoValleyeu Eggenstein-Leopoldshwafwen Country Germany Region Karlsruhe Emanation of the cluster NANOMAT to improve the international competitiveness of the German economy and of the SMEs in particular, the NanoMat partners launched the "NanoMat for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises" initiative. This initiative formed the Origins conceptual core of the nanoValley.eu project in the Rhein-Neckar metropolitan region. In this project, which was originally formulated in 2007 together with NanoMat partner BASF, the members draw upon professional skills, personal contacts and other sources of impetus from research and science Position in the Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) industrial Other value chain The nanoValley.eu initiative aspires to win protagonists from science and enterprises with overlapping innovative interests for a common approach. Transfer partners are actively Social sought after by way of a contact office, are motivated for collaborations and made mutually economics productive in transfer forums. The principle is that all transfer forum parties benefit from status the collaboration. Research contracts are to be granted or funds generated for the sciences. In return, enterprises must be able to derive modified or new products from the transfer forum work. The major goal of nanoValley.eu is the transfer of research results into products and new businesses. Additionally, nanoValley.eu is engaged in developing a European Technology Goal Region (D/F/CH), represented internationally with placement within the global competition of the technology regions Printed electronics: Karlsruhe — Eggenstein / Leopoldshafen Within the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, several working groups at the north and south campus are involved with diverse aspects of electrical and/or optical properties of nanostructured materials. The aim is to print conducting paths, electronic components and optical elements on flexible Field substrates in a cost-effective manner to facilitate novel product manufacturing. Relevant for future applications of printed electronics is the physical-chemical interaction of electrical materials and the backing materials that are to be printed. In the transfer forum "Printed Electronics", young researchers and enterprises from the region have set an exchange of knowledge and experience in the field of printed electronics in motion 102 members, 67 enterprises, 12 R&D service providers, 10 research Universities, 13 Members Fraunhofer Institute International NA Partners

NanoValley.eu received an award in 2008 as part of a cluster competition of the Ministry of Economics Baden-Württemberg. The project work of nanoValley.eu and maintenance of Sponsor & contact offices are therefore supported financially with 50% by the European Union, 46% relation by project partners (BASF SE, KIT program Nano-and Micro Systems, KIT Institute for Nanotechnology, IHK Karlsruhe, IHK Rhein-Neckar, IHK-Pfalz) and 4% with a direct grant from the State of Baden-Württemberg.

Dr. Norman Mechau KIT — Lichttechnisches Institut Contact Engessertraße 13 76131 Karlsruhe Tel. +49-176-23352173

Web site www.nanovalley.eu

4.32 OPTITEC /PHOTONIQUE MARSEILLE, FRANCE

Name OPTITEC /Photonique Marseille Country France Region South East of France POPsud Association, founded in 2000, provides governance of cluster OPTITEC. During the initial phase (2000-2004), POPsud's aims were to set up a network of members, to provide Origins technology-focused activities and tools and to give its label and support to shared facilities. From 2003, POPsud undertook the project of developing a Competency Cluster, with the name OPTITEC, awarded the CIACT label in December 2003. Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain POPsud is managed by a Board of Administration consisting of 20 members, elected by a general assembly for a term of 3 years. The members of the Board of Administration are equally divided between academics and representatives of industry. The Strategic Council has a consultative role in relation to the Board of Administration. It includes twenty one members with the addition of representatives of organisations which have provided or which plan to provide funding. The Strategic Council plays a direct role in the awarding of Social the label to projects, in giving expert opinions on projects, in counselling project leaders economics and in making recommendations to the Steering Committee with regard to the labelling of status projects. The Strategic Council is chaired by Didier RABAUD (Shaktiware). Catherine NARY MAN (OCA) is the Vice-Chair.The role of the Steering Committee is to approve the strategic decisions for the management of the cluster. The Committee gives a mandate to the Strategic Council for the assessment of projects and takes the final decision regarding the award of the label. It is made up of members of the Board of Administration and institutional partners who steer the OPTITEC cluster's strategy for economic development at regional and national level.

Its mission is to lead and promote the optics and photonics in the southeast of France and Goal to enhance synergies and partnerships between Research, Industry and Higher Education.

Field optics-photonics POPsud has 183 members, including: 112 companies, 30 laboratories, 14 higher education organisations and 27 partners. Of the 183 members, 81 % are located in the Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur and Languedoc- Members Roussillon Regions. The fact that POPSud is also active in other regions reflects by the strong power of attraction of the POPsud photonics cluster, in particular for companies in Rhône-Alpes and Ile-de-France.

US Partners: The OPTITEC Cluster is at present focusing on the Boston area, which represents one of the major photonics R&D centres in North America, in particular with regard to specialisations such as adaptive optics, micro- and nanophotonics, sensors and detectors and medical imaging. South America Partners: POPsud has developed a strong partnership with Brazil, and more specifically with the State of Sao Paulo which possesses a potential that is complementary to that of the PACA Region, in particular in the fields of astronomy and space, telecoms, optical materials and medical imaging. As part of the region-to-region partnership between International the PACA Region and the State of Sao Paulo, POPsud has organised a series of meetings Partners and contacts. European partners: POPsud, in partnership with Opticsvalley and Rhenaphotonics (Alsace), is running a photonics-related programme to give better access to European R&D programmes (aid in prospection for partners and in setting up technological partnerships.) The INNET Programme is the continuation of actions undertaken by the OPTITEC Cluster in Europe with the aim of providing a service dedicated to SMEs. A particular feature of the POPsud member SMEs is that they possess solid technological competencies while having difficulty developing projects at European level because of their small size.

Sponsor & Région PACA, Languedoc-Roussillon, des Alpes-maritime; département du Var, ville de relation Marseille, etc

c/o OAMP 38, avenue Joliot Curie Contact 13 388 — Marseille Cedex 13 Tél. +33 (0)4 91 05 59 69

Web site www.popsud.org

4.33 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS SAXONY, GERMANY

Name Organic Electronics Saxony Country Germany Region Saxony Dresden Region This network was founded by seven companies and three research institutes from the Origins organic sector in 2008 Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Cluster management Team is led by Dr. Dominik Gronarz Business manager of the Organic Electronics Saxony Management GmbH Social A board of director with 4 chairmen : Gildas Sorin CEO of the Novaled AG, Jens Hänel CTO economics of 3D-Micromac AG, Prof. Dr. Lutz Engisch Professorship for Material Science and Testing, status HTWK Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Jörg Amelung CEO of LEDON OLED Lighting GmbH & Co. KG Goal The goal of the cluster is to strengthen the organic center in Saxony and globally. The business activities of the cluster are: application and coordination of regional, national and European projects, management of conferences, workshops, and support of new start Field ups and placement of financial support, representation of the regional organic community, lobbying within the regional, national and European government, training and education of the co-workers.

26 members: 11 Research institutes /Universities and 15 companies examples :3D- Micromac AG, bubbles and beyond GmbH, Contronix GmbH, CreaPhys GmbH, DTF Technology GmbH, Dresden Thin Film Technology, Fraunhofer (COMEDD), Fraunhofer Members (ENAS), Fraunhofer (FEP), Fraunhofer IWMH, The Fraunhofer IWS, Heliatek GmbH, HTWK Leipzig, Institut für Angewandte Photophysik (IAPP), Institut für Aufbau- und Verbindungstechnik der Elektronik (IAVT), Institute for Semiconductor Technology and Microsystems (IHM)...

Dr. Dominik Gronarz Contact Würzburger Str. 51 D-01187 Dresden Germany Phone: +49 (0) 351 46677-180 E-mail: [email protected]

Web site http://www.oes-net.de

4.34 PANNON MECHATRONICS CLUSTER (PANEL), HUNGARY

Name Pannon Mechatronics Cluster (PANEL) Country Hungary Region Nyugatgat-Dunantul (Zala and Vas counties)

The Pannon Electronics Cluster (PANEL) was founded in 2002 by the Declaration of cooperation of 12 founders (Műszertechnika Holding Plc., Euroregional Co-ordination Agency, West Pannon Regional Development Council and Agency, West Pannon Regional Origins Development Plc. County Vas and Szombathely Town Regional Business Development Foundation, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, EPCOS Ltd., Phycomp Hungary Ltd., Flextronics International Ltd., Videoton Holding, IBM Storage Product Ltd., Siemens Plc. ) supported by the Ministry of Economic for undefined period. Position in the industrial Industrial products and systems solutions value chain Social The Pannon Cluster management is co-ordinated with the Pannon development foundation economics which assigned the cluster leader status The aim of the cluster is supporting economical development of the area of Western Goal Hungary through improvement of R&D activities, intensifying of knowledge and information sharing among economic players and strengthening of cooperation within networks. PANEL targets industrial sectors of the foundation. PANEL is built on the mechatronics knowledge base (machine, equipment and component Field production combined with electronics and informatics). PANEL is an innovation-oriented cluster, but also supporting market developments of the partner enterprises. 29 members. R&D organisations (Budapest University of Technology and Economics), Members Services providers, SME, and large comppanies such as Flextronics International Ltd. Or EPCOS Ltd. International Mechatronik Cluster (Linz Autria), Microelectronics Cluster — (Villach Austria) Partners

Euroregional Co-ordination Agency, West Pannon Regional Development Council and Agency, West Pannon Regional Development Plc. Sponsor & County Vas and Szombathely Town Regional Business Development Foundation. relation The project is funded by the EU and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund and the National Development Plan, the National Office for Research and Technology

Gasparich M. u. 18/A , Zalaegerszeg H-8900 Contact Tel/fax: +36 92 596 971 - e-mail: [email protected]

Web site www.pfa.org.hu/panel

4.35 PEC4, SPAIN

Name PEC4 Country Spain Region Barcelona Origins 2009 Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain PEC4 for printed electronics was founded by 4 research centres located in the Barcelona area. Social The cluster is structured with a Board Coordinator Jordi Carabina from CAIAC and Head of economics Cephis. Board members are: Ferran Martin Head of CIMITEC, Lluis Teres Group leader of status electronic circuits & systems design at the IMB-CNM Barcelona, Ferran Soldevila Research Manager CETEMMSA, Eloi Ramon CAIAC and David Marin PEC4 Being the leading cluster for printed electronics in Spain. Goal Promoting and developing printed electronics and help our partners in applying printed electronics for their solutions.

The PEC4 cluster aims especially to develop printed sensors for packaging and biomedical Field applications, and embedded solutions in RFID and WSN domains. The main drivers are the development of body area networks and ambient intelligence.

4 members: CIMITEC (a leading research centre in the innovative field of meta-materials), Members Fundación cetemmsa, imb-cnm, and Caiac. International OE-A organics electronics association, ACC10 Catalan agency for innovation and technology Partners transfer, COLAE Commercialising Organic and Large Area Electronics David Marin Edifici Q. Contact ETSE Escola Técnica Superior d'Enginyers 2ª planta 08193 Bellaterra Spain Tel. +34 93 581 4964 email: [email protected]

Web site http://www.pec4.net/

4.36 PRINTED ELECTRONICS AREA (PEA), SWEDEN

Name Printed Electronics Area (PEA) Country Sweden Region Norrköping Origins Created in 2006 Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Social economics Association of universities research departments. status The goal is, through the PEA Network, to offer participating companies the opportunity to exchange experiences and draw upon research and development results. These results, in Goal areas such as product development, production and marketing activities have been achieved in collaboration between the research institute Acreo and Linköping University. New electronic materials such as electrical conductors and semiconductors in the form of plastics (polymers), has made it possible to produce electronic "ink". These inks can then be used to draw electronic components and circuits on to paper or plastic. The process Field involved can be automated by using printers (e.g. inkjet printers) or printing presses, providing a process for mass production of electronics called Printed Electronics. Research and development is carried out in Norrköping by Linköping University and the research company Acreo. 5 Members. The main participants in the PEA Network are Linköping University, Acreo and Members Norrköping Science Park. The municipalities of Norrköping and Katrineholm are also committed to the project. International NA Partners Sponsor & Tillväxtverket (Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth), VINNOVA (the relation Sweden's innovation agency.) European Regional development Fund

Administered by Norrköping Science Park acting as host SE- 601 86 Norrköping Contact Visiting address: Laxholmstorget 3 Phone +46 11-36 31 28 E-mail: tommy.hoglund[at]nosp.se

Web site www.printedelectronicsarena.com

4.37 SILICON SAXONY, GERMANY

Name Silicon Saxony Management GmbH (Silicon Saxony) Country Germany Region Dresden Origins Started as a private initiative from 20 members in 2000 IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The vocational task of the Silicon Saxony corporation is to intensify the cooperation between commercial enterprises and research institutions. The 5 divisions and 14 working groups are currently the backbone and driving force of the network, which is dependent on Social the cooperation of members and sponsors. economics The Silicon Saxony manages networks and cooperation in the high-tech industry; this status includes above all the branches microelectronics, photovoltaics as well as ICT. The key competences are to develop and realize different types of cooperation between the scientific and business communities as well as public authorities. The cluster aims at creating a unique concentration of commercial enterprises providing extensive knowledge and expertise in the sectors of: microelectronics and nanoelectronics, Goal photovoltaics, organic & printed electronics, energy-efficient systems, telecommunications technology, and integrated sensor technology. The competence of the microelectronics/ IT cluster ranges from wafer production, mask Field development and mask production to memory and processor development and production as well as all related supplies. It now links 290 commercial enterprises, research institutes, universities and colleges. Members Silicon Saxony’s associated members employ more than 30,000 people and generate over €4 billion per year. International Grenoble Cluster Minalogic Partners These organisations support Silicon Saxony financially: Commerzbank AG, Ernst & Young AG, Global Business Travel GmbH, Hilton Hotel Dresden, NNSIDE by Meliá Dresden, KPMG Sponsor & Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft, Mercuri Urval GmbH, MLP Finanzdienstleistungen AG, NXP relation Semiconductors Germany GmbH, Ostsächsische Sparkasse Dresden, Sachsen Bank, Schloss Wackerbarth, Schneider + Partner GmbH, Steigenberger Hotel de Saxe, tyclipso.net. President & CEO, Heinz Martin Esser _ Contact : Reith, Armin — Strategy, Industry Contact Sectors, Marketing (Phone +49 (351) 2138-134) Web site www.silicon-saxony.net

4.38 SILICON SOUTHWEST, UK

Name Silicon SouthWest Country United Kingdom Region South West (Bath, Bristol, Swindon, Exeter, Plymouth and Southampton) The Silicon Southwest network is the organisation that provides regular networking events, Origins news and national and international promotion for the South West of England's microelectronics sector. Silicon South West is managed by Bath Ventures. IC, MEMS & Sensor Design Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other Social Founded by Simon Bond, the Director of Innovation and Networks at Bath Ventures and economics the University of Bath's IP commercialisation group status The organisation provides regular networking events, news and national and international promotion for the region's microelectronics cluster. Examples of topics covered: Funding Goal opportunities, creating a successful business model, marketing your product or service, Recent market updates and trends, Innovations in technology and materials.

Silicon design companies located here enjoy the advantage of a supportive ecosystem and, importantly, a highly skilled and experienced workforce. This skills pool owes its origins to Inmos in Bristol and GEC-Plessey Semiconductor in Swindon. These two organisations effectively trained a generation of silicon designers and while the enterprises themselves Field have since changed beyond recognition, the individual designers have remained at the forefront of developments, particularly in the key areas of RF, video, multicore processor and reconfigurable components as well as wireless, telecoms and networking system design.

200 members. The cluster has attracted high levels of inward investment from HP Labs, Motorola, Panasonic, ST Microelectronics and Toshiba Telecoms Research Europe all of which have Members substantial R&D sites in the region. Additionally other international electronics companies such as Intel, Broadcom and Infineon each have a significant presence in the region, while semiconductor design companies such as Wolfson and Dialog Semiconductors have set-up design centres in the South West in order to tap into the local skills.

International iNets Microelectronics South West, Cambridge Wireless Partners

Sponsor & SETsquared, The Bath Ventures Innovation Centre relation Bath Ventures Innovation Centre, Broad Quay, Bath, BA1 1UD Contact Tel: +44 (0) 1225 388639 [email protected]

Web site http://siliconsouthwest.co.uk

4.39 UFS - CC ULTRATHIN FUNCTIONAL FILMS, DRESDEN, GERMANY

Name UFS — CC Ultrathin Functional Films, Dresden (Ultradünne funktionale Schichten) Country Germany Region Dresden Origins 1998 Position in the industrial Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) value chain Social economics Competence centre status The network has been established in order to thoroughly exploit application potential of Goal nano-technology by pooling the know-how Ultrathin films are among the main elements of nano-technology with widely varying applications in micro-electronics, optics, medical equipment, and wear protection. Research and development work on ultrathin films by the Competence Centre is focused on Field the following areas: advanced CMOS, novel components, bio-molecular films for medicine and engineering, nanoscale protective coatings, ultrathin films for optics and photonics, nanosensor / nanoactuator / nanoreactor technology. 88 members: 51 enterprises, 10 university institutes, 22 research institutes, and 5 Members corporations into a common network. International University of South Australia Ian Wark Research Institute Materials Science and Partners Nanotechnology Competence Centre for Ultrathin Functional Films is funded by the Federal Ministry of Sponsor & Education and Research. The competence centre is coordinated by Fraunhofer-Institute relation IWS Dresden.

Office of Center of Competence "Ultrathin Functional Films" at Fraunhofer IWS Dresden Contact Dr. Ralf Jäckel Mail: [email protected] /Phone +49 (0) 351 / 83391-3444,

Web site www.nanotechnology.de/eng/

4.40 ZENTRUM FÜR MIKROPRODUKTION BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY

Name Zentrum für Mikroproduktion Braunschweig Country Germany Region Braunschweig Origins Created in 2005

The cluster offer research and development and the transfer into industrial application. All cluster partners have extensive expertise in the field of production metrology. They offer extensive capabilities in the field of micro-technology. The cluster offers the Sub-precision engineering features in addition to traditional Field microtechnology various process technologies for micro-structuring of various materials. The cluster has competencies in Micro archetypes for the primary shaping responsible production of microstructures. Surface treatment, Microassembly and micromanipulation, Construction and connection technology are also competencies of the cluster.

10 members (eck*cellent IT, The Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films bundles, The Institute for Microtechnology at the Technical University of Members Braunschweig, IWF, The Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering (PuK), OFFIS eV, The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, The project Region Brunswick GMBH, The Stieler Kunststoff GmbH ) International NA Partners Sponsor & NA relation Centre for Micro Production Association c / o University of Braunschweig - Institute of Microtechnology Contact Old Salzdahlumer Str 203, 38124 Braunschweig Management: Dr.-Ing. Monika Leester Skull Tel: +49 531-391 9781 Email: m.leester @ tu-braunschweig.de Web site www.mst-niedersachsen.de

5 SWITZERLAND CLUSTERS PROFILES

5.1 MICRO CENTER CENTRAL-SWITZERLAND POSTFACH, SWITZERLAND

Name Micro Center Central-Switzerland Postfach Country Switzerland Region Central Switzerland Origins Founded in the year 2000 Position in the industrial IC, MEMS & Sensor Design value chain Social The Micro Centre Central-Switzerland AG is supported by leading central Swiss technology economics companies. status Direct access to R&D competence for Central Swiss companies and in doing so promoting Goal the sustainable success of companies. This strengthens the economic area of Central Switzerland and creates high value-added jobs. Field Microsystems technology 22 partners, engaged ideally and financially in the micro-technology-network, which is Members open to future oriented companies International NA Partners Sponsor & NA relation Contact Bruno R. Waser, Delegate VR MCCS AG [[email protected]] Web site www.mccs.ch

5.2 MICRONARC, SWITZERLAND

Name Micronarc Country Switzerland Region Espace Mittlelland Micronarc is a communication platform created by the governments of the seven cantons Origins that constitute Western Switzerland (Berne, Fribourg, Geneva, Jura, Neuchâtel, Valais and Vaud). Position in the industrial IC, MEMS & Sensor Design value chain Social Micronarc's annual activities are approved by its governing body, the Ministries of economic economics affairs of Western Switzerland (CDEP-SO) status Micronarc goal is to develop and promote the regional scientific, industrial and economic base in the sectors of micro and nanotechnology, as well as its educational structures, R&D Goal facilities, technology transfer; and encouraging seamless interaction between all participants.

Microtechnologies, MEMS technologies, Nanotechnologies Micronarc activities are: - Audit, Expertise, Consulting - Communication, marketing - Training - Strategy, Development, Organisation Field - Business incubator - Continuing education institute - Research institute - Research laboratory - Competitiveness cluster - Business promotion More than 900 companies, specialized laboratories and business enablers are currently Members indexed by company name, key word and domain. International NA Partners Sponsor & Cluster Partner: Lake Geneva ICT Cluster, Lake Geneva Life Science Cluster, Western relation Switzerland Cleantech Cluster

c/o FSRM Contact Ruelle DuPeyrou 4 2000 Neuchâtel, Suisse

Web site www.micronarc.ch

6 SHORT INTERNATIONAL CLUSTERS PROFILES

6.1 ARIZONA ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER, US

Name Arizona ICT Components Cluster Country USA Arizona, south-western part of the United States. The largest metropolitan area, greater Region Phoenix, is where the cluster is centred. Avnet, a leading global electronics distributor of electronic parts, enterprise computing and storage products and embedded subsystems, has its roots in the area; it grew by supporting West Coast electronics manufacturing from a labour cost favourable Arizona base. Today its proximity helps it serves Asia and also the robust electronics manufacturing Origins being done by Japanese and Korean OEMs in Mexico, especially consumer electronics. The area is most important as a logistics hub, centred on Avnet's reach as a distributor and the presence of logistics providers such as DHL, UPS, APL, and FedEx. However, the Intel capacity in the region makes it also an important area for electronics manufacturing as it relates to the PC and volume server markets. IC Design Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) Position in the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other Intel maintains a large fabrication capability in the area, announcing in February of 2011 that it will make a $5B investment in a new high volume fab in Chandler, a Phoenix Social suburb. This fab, known as fab 42, will join fab 12 and fab 32 which are already operating economics in the area. The area also has a long history in the manufacture of application specific status integrated circuits (ASICs) going back to the VLSI factory in Tempe which produced chip sets for the IBM PC. Freescale semiconductor (formerly the semiconductor arm of Motorola) and ON Semiconductor are also based here.

Goal There is no formal cluster organization with development goals.

Field IC, ASICs

Members Intel, Freescale, ASML, AVNET, ON Semiconductor

There are obvious links between the component manufacture and distribution activities. Avnet has a number of specialized programs for Intel and others to establish global distribution. A considerable amount of electronics supply chain thought leadership International originates in this area thanks to this collaboration. The logistics connection also creates a Partners link to other clusters as those best practices are promulgated throughout the industry. One other interesting coordination example and evidence of an emerging trend in the industry was Intel's investment in European based semiconductor equipment company ASML whose US headquarters is in the Phoenix area. Most of the investment comes from established companies wishing to take advantage of the area's unique characteristics — most notably climate and inexpensive labour. The feeder effect from local universities is modest compared to other regions although Sponsor & Arizona State University has historically done work around wireless technologies (a big relation reason for Motorola, now Freescale, locating there). Government investment has been modest although there has been some benefit from large government research facilities such as Los Alamos in neighbouring New Mexico.

6.2 AUSTIN TEXAS ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER, US

Name Austin Texas ICT Components Cluster Country USA Region Texas State Texas Instruments was an early success in the state and underwrote much research in the university system. Thanks largely to the TI connection (although TI has become essentially fabless), a specialization around digital signal processing and analogue chips has sprung up with Freescale (formerly Motorola) and Samsung (formerly Austin Semiconductor) manufacturing product. The other specialization revolves around personal computing and volume servers. Although there is not a lot of manufacture, PC component companies have Origins large inventory hubs in the area thanks to the presence of Dell in nearby Round Rock. Intel maintains a sizable presence in the region, not just to support Dell but also as a chip design centre. A tremendous amount of industry supply chain innovation has come from the region due to Dell's business model. The state of Texas has a long history in personal computing including Radio Shack in Dallas in the 1970's and 1980's and Compaq (now part of HP) in Houston in the 1980's and 1990's.

IC Design Position in Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other

Austin is the capital of the state of Texas and home of its largest university, the University of Texas. The University is central to the region's development as a cluster. More recently the Social state's large presence in military aircraft has pulled research funds through the university economics system. status Texas is one of the country's most populous states with tremendous political influence at the federal level. This fact should assure that research dollars continue to flow into the region and help maintain its status as an electronics hub.

Goal There is no formal cluster organization with development goals.

Field Chip design, digital signal processing, analogue chips, PC, Server

Members TI, Dell, Samsung (formerly Austin Semiconductor), Freescale (formerly Motorola),

Federal research grants are a major source of seed funding for ongoing developments in the electronics industry. Industry also supplies grants. For example, the University of Texas established the Institute of Computational Engineering and Science in 2003 to support new work in spatial computing (important to the oil industry). There is also an active venture capital community. The best known VC would be Austin Ventures whose portfolio is very high tech centric. Sponsor & Activity around Dell's order fulfilment has created a culture of collaboration in the area. relation Every major supplier to Dell maintains inventory close to Dell's assembly facilities so that customer orders can be delivered quickly. The suppliers give Dell visibility to the inventory available and Dell integrates this to its Web site which can shape consumer demand based on what is available. This structure and approach may be the best example of trusted supply chain coordination in the industry. Other than some design partnerships and connections to the university, the DSP and analogue companies in the region are not very collaborative.

6.3 NORTHEAST ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER, US

Name Northeast ICT Components Cluster Country USA The Northeast region encompasses New England, New York, New Jersey and Northern Region Pennsylvania From the invention of the transistor at Bell Labs to the rise of IBM and all of the computing markets that have come and gone, this region has been at the centre of activity as much any other save Northern California. The constant through it all has been a steady stream of funding from the US Military to put advanced technologies to uses in warfare and protecting national security. This has created a steady source of technology for commercial use at both start ups and established companies, but has created the specialization in defence Origins electronics. The industry is important to the region, but there is an assumption that the region's universities will continue to supply new business and employment opportunities — which it has. However, the region is less actively engaged in funding businesses when compared to other regions. Also, there is very good economic diversity in the region — pharmaceutical, medical device, biotech, and financial services to name a few. IC Design Position in Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The area is the location of some of the most prestigious universities in the country, Social collectively referred to as the Ivy League. Central as a feeder to the cluster is the economics Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), perhaps the premier engineering college in the status US. The region is burdened by very high labour and energy costs as well as large swings in climate conditions.

Goal There is no formal cluster organization with development goals.

The one area of specialization that remains is low volume, specific use components that are required for military electronics. General Dynamics, Raytheon, BAE, and L3 Communications among others all have a long history in the region and many operate captive microelectronics centers to develop the chip sets needed in these applications. There is also Field a healthy ecosystem of supporting component manufacturers for this industry. The State University of New York (SUNY) at Albany has created the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CSNE) including their own fabs to develop a cluster around this emerging set of technologies (nano scale). The hope is to create a specialization in this area but it is very early stages.

Members IBM, Intel, Analogue Design, General Dynamics, Raytheon, BAE, L3 Communications

The secretive nature of defence electronics means there is little coordination. An exception occurs when the government buyers themselves force the companies to participate in International development partnerships; usually at the early stages of technology development. The one Partners beneficial coordination is the underpinning standards, particularly around quality, that are specified and enforced by the Department of Defence. Typically, the changes to the manufacturing processes and the approaches to quality itself are shared. In addition to the government money the region benefits from, there is an established and well funded set venture capital firms headquartered in Boston and New York. There is a long Sponsor & tradition of entrepreneurs putting money back into the system through these vehicles after relation they have cashed out on their own companies. Some of the money has migrated to biotech and green technology, but there is a sense that the region could be at the centre of new wave of "additive" technologies such as 3D printing which was invented at MIT.

6.4 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ICT COMPONENTS CLUSTER, US

Name Southern California ICT Components Cluster Country USA Region Southern California includes Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego counties. The area has become best known for components related to communications thanks largely to two companies. Rockwell International in early to mid 1990's was the dominant provider of signal processing chips for modems (which it had originally created for military Origins applications) and was based in southern California. In 1999, Rockwell, primarily known for industrial equipment, spun off the business unit as Conexant. In turn, Conexant spun off a number of new integrated circuit companies including Jazz semiconductor which is now part of the Israel based TowerJazz Semiconductor. IC Design Position in Front-End (Production, Process & Equipment) the Back-End (Packaging & Equipment) industrial Assembly & Test value chain Industrial products and systems solutions Other The region hosts a robust aerospace and defence industry and a small but important high tech cluster. The California university system provides talent and research particularly campuses in San Diego and Irvine. The area itself has a fairly diverse set of industries from Social entertainment to aerospace. As such, the electronics component industry is important but economics not critical to the success of the region. The region itself is expensive to operate within and status regular seismic events are not conducive to component manufacturing. That said, the industry represents steady and rewarding employment and enjoys considerable political support at both the state and federal level. Goal There is no formal cluster organization with development goals. TowerJazz Semiconductor is the only company still operating a fab of any size in the region. Conexant has shrunk with modem demand and is currently owned by Golden Gate capital. Qualcomm, on the other hand, has continued to grow. Based in San Diego, this company has its roots in providing radios for commercial truck drivers, but has become the largest supplier of chip sets for mobile phones and tablets. They are the largest fabless Field semiconductor company in the world. In addition to the communication specialization, there is another small cluster based in the area that specializes in the design, sourcing, and distribution of consumer video products, largely flat screen televisions. Led by Vizio and innovative retailers like Costco, this specialization leverages local design talent and the capacity at the port of Long Beach.

Members TowerJazz Semiconductor, Qualcomm, Vizio

Qualcomm is at the centre of creating a rich ecosystem of companies building products that take advantage of wireless technology. They are also the largest fabless semiconductor company in the world which makes them a feeder for local start ups wishing to design International integrated circuits and coordinate the long supply chain. This expertise in Asia sourcing and Partners supply chain coordination extends to the consumer video cluster as well. Additionally, the cluster has become quite adept at coordinating consumer need (thanks to innovative retailers in the area like Costco) with rapid specification and sourcing at companies like Vizio which now has become the number one provider of LCD HDTVs in the United States. Most of the large established businesses have grown organically from modest roots or have been spun out of larger companies. The universities, especially Irvine for hardware and San Diego for software, get their share of grants and this does help to seed new endeavours. Sponsor & Qualcomm has been active with its own venture capital group, funding companies that can relation apply Qualcomm proprietary technologies to solve problems. For example, they funded a company started by a local surgeon that uses Qualcomm technology to monitor patient health. The consumer video business does not require traditional funding, more working capital and brand development support.

European Commission

Strategies for innovative and effective ICT components & systems manufacturing in Europe – Annex

Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union

2013 – 85 pages

ISBN:978-92-79-30927-4 DOI:10.2759/24160

K K 0- 2 1- 3 2- 1 7 E- C N A N- T A L O G U E N U M B E R

DOI: 10.2759/24160 ISBN 978-92-79-30927-4