June 30, 2010 Water Quality Report & Data Summary

BAYLES LAKE June 30, 2010 Water Quality Report & Data Summary

Prepared For: Bayles Lake Homeowners Association Rodney Cardinal 424 Wolfe Dr. Loda, IL 60948

Prepared By: Sandy Kubillus Integrated Lakes Management 120 Le Baron St. Waukegan, IL 60085

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 1 BAYLES LAKE

June 30, 2010 Water Quality Report & Data Summary

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………. ….. 3

II WATER QUALITY SUMMARY…………………..…………………………. 7 Nutrients – phosphorus ………………………………………………….……… 9 Nutrients – nitrogen……………………………………………………………… 11 Fecal coliform…………………………………………………………………….. 13 Water clarity, chlorophyll a & suspended solids……………………………….14 Trophic State Index……………………………………………………………… 15 Chloride and conductivity ………………………………………………………. 16 Dissolved oxygen ……………………………………………………………….. 17 Algae analysis …………………………………………………………………… 19 Sediment analysis and sediment quality …………………………………….. 20 Atrazine………………………………………………………………………….. 22

III FISHERIES SUMMARY ……………………………………………………….. 23 Fisheries recommendations ………………………………………………….. 29

IV CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………. 30

V RECOMMENDATION ………………………………………………………… 31

APPENDIX Technical Report Field methods for water quality testing Chemical testing Bayles Lake water quality summary Bayles Lake fisheries summary Lab reports Historic bathymetric information Lake Notes Home and yard Shoreline buffer strips Fertilizers and pesticides Canada geese and your lake Artificial structures for fish cover Common lake water quality parameters Lake aeration and circulation Lake dredging

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 2

120 LeBaron St. Waukegan, IL 60085 847-244-6662 847-244-0261 fax www.lakesmanagement.com

BAYLES LAKE Water Quality Testing & Data Summary June 30, 2010

I INTRODUCTION: Integrated Lakes Management (ILM) was invited to Bayles Lake to perform water quality testing for one visit in 2010. This was ILM’s first visit to Bayles Lake so it involved a more detailed analysis of the lake as well as reviewing historic water quality and fisheries data. Specifically, this site visit and report includes the following: • Review all available data provided by the Bayles Lake Homeowners Association which included PDC Lab reports from 2003 – 2010 and IDNR fisheries surveys from 2002 & 2009. • General sediment probing of the lake to get some sense of sediment depth in areas less than 20 ft deep – included approximately 25 points. • Two sediment samples were collected and analyzed for nutrients. • Performed dissolved oxygen / temperature / pH / conductivity profiles at six locations within the lake. • Performed water quality monitoring for nutrients at two sites. • A general evaluation of the shoreline type and condition in terms of vegetation types and erosion. • A general evaluation of all influences on the lake’s water quality. • An evaluation of the algae and aquatic plant growth at the time of the site visit. • An evaluation as to the eutrophication of the lake. • Discuss environmental issues that affect the lake (lawn care, agricultural influences, watershed/drainage area). • Address continuing education information for the Bayles Lake residents.

Monitoring water quality at Bayles Lake is useful since lake related activities are the cornerstone of the community and water quality is very important. Agricultural practices and human activities increase nutrient accumulation in the lake and lake sediment. Nutrients are an integral part of aquatic and terrestrial life, but large amounts of Spring Creek diversion channel nutrients can overwhelm natural ecosystem processes and produce negative effects, such as algae growth, low dissolved oxygen concentrations, and degrade the lake’s overall condition. The quality of life and property values will decrease due to these negative effects. Monitoring water quality throughout the year as well as from year to year will determine the causes of the degradation and allow for appropriate response.

Bayles Lake is a man-made reservoir constructed in the late 1940s. The lake is 125 acres and has a maximum depth of 22 ft and an average depth of 9.2 ft according to the IDNR

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 3 120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 4 Lake Iroquois

Bayles Lake

Aerial Photo of Bayles Lake watershed.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 5 Division of Fisheries 1974 survey. The watershed is approximately 6,938 acres according to Thad Eshleman, Resource Conservationist for Iroquois County Soil and Water Conservation District. Most of the watershed consists of agricultural land, which drains into Bayles Lake, then into Spring Creek. Spring Creek has been diverted so that it no longer flows into Bayles Lake, and the diversion channel is located east of the lake. A golf course is located immediately south of the lake and owns part of the shoreline.

Narrow channel separating the north Some blue-green algae near the channel and south basins

Historically the lake was dominated by aquatic weeds but currently the lake is dominated by planktonic algae and has little, if any weed growth. The lake has a greenish hue due to this algae growth. Filamentous algae have not been a problem and no algae treatments have been made. Some blue green algae have occurred, but it has not become dominant, although at times it may collect in the bays depending on the wind direction. The Homeowners Association has written a short report on blue-green algae scum to inform the residents of its potential hazards.

Bayles Lake is used primarily for fishing and has been stocked almost yearly since 2002, mostly with bass. The lake has experienced numerous fish kills that the IDNR has investigated. These include 1964, 1966, 1968, 1978, 2002, 2005 and 2008. In the 60’s or 70’s a lake rehabilitation project was performed in which the lake was lowered 7 – 12 feet and the undesirable fish and weeds were chemically treated. More recently the fish kills typically involve shad due to Columnaris bacteria.

The lake is divided into two basins by a narrow bridge. The north basin is deeper and frequented more by swimmers than the south basin.

The shoreline is well manicured with mowed lawns and riprap along the entire shoreline, except for a buffer strip along the golf course. Very little shoreline

Typical lake shorelines

erosion was noted and most shorelines contained some rock along the shoreline. Natural shoreline area on the south lake basin The HOA has developed a brochure encouraging residents to limit phosphorus use in lawn fertilizers and have encouraged residents to stop fertilizing at least three feet from the lake shoreline.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 6

Area homes are on septic systems and are in the process of upgrading this system. It may take 3 – 5 years to complete. A pipe carries the water from the septic systems to the diversion channel for Spring Creek. In the future the water will be run through a filtration system prior to discharging into the creek.

Geese have also been a problem with thousands being observed during the fall. The lake usually does not freeze completely allowing the geese to remain throughout the winter.

II WATER QUALITY SUMMARY 6/30/10 Site visit and comparisons to historic water quality data:

ILM’s Certified Lake Manager Sandy Kubillus visited Bayles Lake on June 30th. A tour of the lake and assistance with field data collection was made with Rod Cardinal. During this visit the lake was probed in 23 locations to estimate sediment thickness, 6 dissolved oxygen profiles were conducted, and two sites had water quality and sediment testing performed. A tour of the area surrounding the lake was also made.

The June 30th results are compared to historic samples made by PDC Laboratories from 2003 – 2010 when possible for similar parameters. ILM tested the center of the south basin and the deep section of the north basin. This sampling focused primarily on nutrients. PDC tested seven locations throughout the lake, primarily inlet areas, where they tested for nutrients and pesticides. For comparison purposes the north basin sampling site was compared to the PDC spillway site (Site 7) and the south basin site was compared to the golf course inlet (Site 2). These sites were closest to the ILM test sites. The data for the PDC and the ILM tests are in the appendix.

North Basin

South Basin

ILM sampling locations at Bayles Lake on 6/30/10

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 7 Spillway site PDC site 7

Golf course inlet PDC sampling sites 2003 - 2010 PDC site 2

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 8

ILM Analytic Report for June 30th, 2010: Highlighted areas indicate exceedences. IL General Use South basin North basin State Standard/ Recommended Conc. Total Depth (feet) NA 4.0 15 Water Clarity (feet) 1.5 / 4 1.6 1.2 Water Temperature (ºC) NA 26.4 28.6 Dissolved Oxygen > 5.0 5.2 9.1 (surface/mg/l) Dissolved Oxygen > 5.0 2.2 2.2 (bottom/mg/l) Depth Dissolved Oxygen NA 4 8 below 5 mg/l (ft) pH 6.5 – 9 7.0 8.3 Orthophosphate (mg/l – field) 0.010 0.15 0.11 Alkalinity (mg/l) 90 - 250 97 88 Chloride (mg/l) 500 / 100 10 15 Conductivity (µmho@25ºC) NA 273 247 Chlorophyll a (ug/l) 20 13 39 Nitrogen, NH3 (mg/l) 15 / 0.1* 0.52 0.18 Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3 (mg/l) NA 0.33 ND Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (mg/l) NA 1.3 1.7 Orthophosphorus (mg/l) 0.010 0.11 0.11 Phosphorous, Total (mg/l) 0.050 0.26 0.29 Solids, Total Suspended 15** 20 25 (TSS) (mg/l) Fecal coliform (mfc/100 ml 200/400 20 10

ND = Not Detected, NA = Not Available, * Ammonia nitrogen is dependent on pH and temperature. At pH 9 and temp 80oC, STD = 0.1 mg/l. At pH 7 and 65o temp and below, STD = 15 mg/l. ** Dredging standard for return water [IL State Standards (Title 35, Subtitle C Water Pollution, IEPA 1998) or typical limnological recommended concentrations (in italics).

Nutrients - Phosphorus One of the primary nutrients that lead to algae blooms is phosphorus. Phosphorus occurs in two forms: total phosphorus, which binds to particles and may eventually settle into the sediment; and orthophosphorus, which occurs in the water and is readily available for algae use. Total phosphorus includes orthophosphorus.

• PDC and ILM both measured total phosphorus at multiple locations. All of the samples have been well above the IL General Use Water Quality Standard of 0.05 mg/l (Title 35, Subtitle C Water Pollution, IEPA). “Phosphorus as P shall not exceed 0.05 mg/l in any reservoir or lake with a surface area of 8.1 hectares (20 acres) or more, or in any stream at the point where it enters any such reservoir or lake.”

• An average of the available data indicates that the south basin has a higher concentration of phosphorus with an average of 0.27 mg/l (includes PDC sites 1 – 3) and the north basin has an average of 0.18 mg/l (includes PDC sites 4 – 7). This means that the south basin is over 5X the state standard and the north basin is over 3X. High phosphorus levels are frequently found in lakes adjacent to lawns and golf courses that receive regular fertilization. The agricultural fields within the watershed also contribute to phosphorus loading, as well as do goose droppings.

• Several very high phosphorus levels were recorded by PDC Labs. These included results of 18.0 mg/l and 3.3 mg/l (see data tables in appendix). These appeared to be decimal point errors made by the lab since the other nearby sites had much lower phosphorus concentrations. These “outliers” were removed from the average calculations discussed above. It is interesting to note

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 9 that the PDC reports mentioned that phosphorus was “either less than or detected at very small levels”. Most labs are set up to test for nutrients in wastewater and have fairly high detection limits. The lab reports do not state what their detection limits are, but in order to determine phosphorus level in lakes, they need to have a detection level of at least 0.01 mg/l.

• Orthophosphorus was tested by ILM both as a field test kit and as samples sent in for laboratory analysis. Orthophosphorus concentrations as low as 0.01 mg/l can cause algae blooms. The lab reports indicate that both basins had 0.11 mg/l. ILM’s field kits had measured 0.15 mg/l in the south basin and 0.11 mg/l in the north basin.

North and south basin results were tested by ILM on 6/30; the remaining results were tested by PDC Labs.

Average Phosphorus Data by Basin PDC data South Basin North Basin Site 10.26Site 4 0.19 Site 20.27Site 50.18 Site 30.29Site 60.19 Average =0.27mg/lSite 70.18 Average =0.18mg/l

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 10 Nutrients - Nitrogen

High levels of nitrogen are found in runoff from agricultural areas where fertilizer and animal waste occur and from lawns that have been fertilized. Waterfowl waste products also contribute nitrogen to the lake. Nitrogen also enters the water naturally from atmospheric deposition during thunderstorms.

• Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) is generally found in trace quantities in surface water. There are no General Use Water Quality Standards in Illinois for nitrate concentrations in surface water, but there is a Lake Michigan standard and a public water supply standard for nitrate-nitrogen of 10 mg/l (IEPA, IL Pollution Control Board; Title 35, Subtitle C). Excessive nitrate concentrations may indicate the presence of heavy fertilizer runoff or excessive discharge from a sewage treatment facility. An excess of nitrate can cause algal blooms in water bodies and in drinking water it can cause blue baby syndrome (infant Methemoglobinemia). Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) can also be used as an indicator of bacterial or organic pollution. It occurs naturally at concentrations less than 0.1 mg/l (Blue Valley Laboratories – explanation of test results). There is the potential for an algal bloom when the inorganic nitrogen (nitrate/nitrite + ammonia) is above 0.3 mg/l (as N), which it has been frequently.

• PDC and ILM both measured nitrate / nitrite. The average of all the data for the south basin is 1.1 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l for the north basin. Nitrate /nitrite concentrations varied widely from below detection levels to 5 mg/l. Since high nitrate / nitrite values occurred in nearby sites, these higher concentrations could not be attributable to lab error. Nitrate / nitrite concentrations tend to be elevated in agricultural areas after fertilizers have been applied and rainfall has occurred.

• Although none of the nitrate / nitrite concentrations exceeded the 10 mg/l state standard, many exceeded the recommended concentration of 0.3 mg/l that can cause algae blooms.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 11 Average Nitrate / nitrite by Basin PDC data South Basin North Basin Site 11.22Site 4 0.08 Site 21.13Site 5 0.03 Site 30.87Site 60.02 Average =1.07mg/lSite 70.05 0.05 mg/l

• Ammonia nitrogen was not charted since most of the data were below detection limits. ILM measured 0.52 mg/l in the south basin and 0.18 mg/l in the north basin. These are within acceptable limits. The Illinois State Standard (IEPA, IL Pollution Control Board; Title 35, Subtitle C) for ammonia nitrogen varies depending on pH, temperature of the water, and if early life stages are present (young-of-year). Ammonia nitrogen should never exceed 15 mg/l, which is the maximum standard. However, the standard can be less than 1 mg/l in warm water and high pH levels. High concentrations of ammonia are potentially toxic to fish life. PDC Labs reported one fairly high concentration of 2.1 mg/l at Site 4 at 1216 Sunset on 6/6/09. Since the pH and water temperature were not recorded, it is not known if this was above the state standard. It could also be attributed to lab error since nearby sites were below detection limits.

• By comparing the amount of total nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite + Kjeldahl nitrogen) to total phosphorus an N:P ratio can be calculated, which will determine the limiting nutrient for the formation of algae. Typically, most ponds and lakes in the Midwest have phosphorus as the limiting nutrient. Bayles Lake has nitrogen as the limiting nutrient with an average N:P ratio of 6 (6.3 in the south basin and 5.8 in the north basin). This indicates that phosphorus concentrations are very high relative to the nitrogen level. The nitrogen concentrations are within the typical concentrations encountered by ILM and well below the state standard. N:P ratios above 15:1 have phosphorus as the limiting nutrient. Ratios below 10:1 have nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. Ratios between 10:1 and 15:1 vary between nitrogen and phosphorus as the limiting nutrient.

Bayles Lake Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus Averages

South North Avg. Basin Basin Total P (mg/l) 0.26 0.29 0.28 Ortho P (mg/l) 0.11 0.11 0.11 Nitrate + nitrite (mg/l) 0.33 ND 0.17 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen 1.3 1.7 1.5 (mg/L Total N (mg/l) 1.63 1.7 1.7 N:P Ratio 6.3 5.8 6.1

• Total Kjeldahl nitrogen was also tested and was within the normal values found for Midwestern lakes at 1.3 mg/l for the south basin and 1.7 mg/l for the north basin. Kjeldahl nitrogen is the organic form of nitrogen. There are no state standards or recommended concentrations for Kjeldahl nitrogen.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 12 Fecal Coliform

Fecal Coliform is a measure of the bacteria in the water. Fecal coliform bacteria can enter streams through direct discharge of waste from mammals and birds, agricultural and stormwater runoff and from human sewage. Failing septic systems, dog droppings and animal manure from agricultural areas are the main sources of high fecal coliform levels. The Illinois State Standard for fecal coliform is as follows: During the months May through October, based on a minimum of five samples taken over not more than a 30 day period, fecal coliform shall not exceed a geometric mean of 200 per 100 ml, nor shall more than 10% of the samples during any 30 day period exceed 400 per 100 ml in protected waters. Protected waters are defined as waters which, due to natural characteristics, aesthetic value or environmental significance are deserving of protection from pathogenic organisms. Protected waters will meet one or both of the following conditions: 1) presently support or have the physical characteristics to support primary contact; 2 flow through or adjacent to parks or residential areas (IEPA, IL Pollution Control Board; Title 35, Subtitle C).

• Bayles Lake is considered protected waters based on the above definition, so the samples should not on average exceed 200 per 100 ml or more than 400 per 100 ml for more than 10% of the samples collected within a month.

• Fecal coliform has been annually measured by PDC at multiple locations. On June 9th of this year extremely high concentrations were measured in the south basin with up to 3,000 counts per 100 ml, which clearly exceeded the IL State Standards. This was due to testing fecal coliform the day after a 1.12 inch rain event had occurred (Champaign gage). According to Rod Cardinal approximately 10 inches of rain had fallen in the area for the month of June, which is much higher than normal. Rain events wash in animal waste and bacterial flourish for a few days afterwards, then coliform counts drop back down to normal levels. PDC resampled on 6/28 and encountered normal levels, although these were still higher than what was encountered by ILM on 6/30. ILM’s test sites were in the middle of the lake, which typically have lower concentrations than inlet areas.

• The average fecal coliform measured in the south basin was 246 cfu/100 ml, but dropped own to 53 cfu/100 ml if the 6/9 sample was removed. The north basin averaged 44 cfu/100 ml and did not have excessively high bacteria counts on 6/9. Clearly there is a source of fecal coliform that drains into the south basin.

• Future testing should include E. coli which is a direct measurement of bacteria that can affect people, although there is not a state standard for E. coli. Swimming beaches are closed when E. coli concentrations are above 235 counts/100 ml.

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Water Clarity • The average water clarity for June 30, 2010 was 1 foot. This clarity agrees with the higher algae (chlorophyll a) concentrations observed as well.

Chlorophyll a and suspended solids Chlorophyll a is a green pigment present in all plant life and is necessary for photosynthesis. The amount present in the water column is directly dependent on the amount of algae present. Chlorophyll a concentrations above 20 µg/l indicate an algal bloom.

• The southern basin had a lower chlorophyll a concentration at 13 µg/l than the northern basin, which was at 39 µg/l. More detail regarding the types of algae observed occur under the algae analysis section. Chlorophyll a also helps determine the trophic state index (TSI) for the lake (see below).

Total suspended solids (TSS) measures the particles suspended in the water, which correlates with the amount of planktonic algae (organic matter) or suspended solids (inorganic matter) in the water. • Comparing the TSS to chlorophyll a shows that much of the suspended material was planktonic algae. Suspended solids were quite high in the north basin, which also corresponds to the low water clarity observed.

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Trophic State Index Trophic state refers to the amount of nutrient enrichment within a lake. TSI is based on total phosphorous concentration, chlorophyll a and water clarity. A natural aging process occurs in all lakes, causing them to change from oligotrophic to eutrophic over time, and eventually fill in. Hypereutrophic ponds are very high in nutrients and support a large biomass of plants and animals. People can accelerate the eutrophication process by allowing nutrients from agriculture, lawn fertilizers, streets, septic systems, and storm drains to enter lakes. Most lakes in the area are either eutrophic or hypereutrophic in nature. The trophic state can be reversed or altered by removing sediment and rehabilitation.

Bayles Lake Chlorophyll a (PPB) Total Phosphorus Secchi depth (m) TSI estimate (PPB) North Basin 39 290 0.49 80 hypereutrophic South Basin 13 260 0.36 70 hypereutrophic Average 26 280 0.43 75 hypereutrophic

According to the TSI, Bayles Lake, especially the north basin is at the high end of the chart for being hypereutrophic. TSI is best calculated if the data is averaged for multiple visits within a season since algae blooms, phosphorus levels and water clarity will vary throughout the season depending on rain events, warm weather, and fertilization regimes.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 15 Chloride and conductivity Natural waters away from human influence usually have chloride measurements below 20 mg/l. Sources of chloride include agricultural chemicals, human and animal wastes, and road salt. The Illinois State Standard for general use water quality is 500 mg/l for chloride, although natural waters are usually less than 100 mg/l in urban areas, except in the early spring.

• Chloride concentration was tested with a field test kit. In the south basin it was only 10 mg/l and 15 mg/l in the north basin. This indicates that Bayles Lake receives very little road salt.

Conductivity measures the water’s ability to conduct an electrical current, and is influenced by the amount of dissolved ions in the water, which typically include chloride. Distilled water has essentially no conductivity, while seawater is about 50,000 μmhos/l. Typical urban lakes have a conductivity ranging from 100 to 1,500 μmhos/l. Conductivity also changes with depth since saline water is heavier.

• Conductivity concentrations were quite low which indicates low loading rates for salts. Conductivity changes with depth since fresh water is lighter than more saline water. Conductivity was tested in six locations (see map next page). Most of the conductivities measured were around 250 µmhos/cm, with the exception of deep section of the north basin, where it rose to 410 µmhos/cm near the sediment.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 16 Profiles of Bayles Lake were performed at six locations. The profile consisted of dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and temperature.

Dissolved oxygen sampling sites

Dissolved oxygen • A dissolved oxygen profile was performed at six testing sites throughout the lake (see above). All of the profiles are included in the appendix. The lake had a fairly uniform temperature except for the upper foot or two of water where it was warmer.

• Dissolved oxygen decreased throughout the water column but did not show a stratified layer where the oxygen levels dropped sharply. This lake is shallow enough that most of the lake does not appear to stratify, or becomes loosely stratified in the deeper sections. About 1 – 2 feet above the bottom the dissolved oxygen concentration dropped significantly, which is normal for most lakes during the summer. For most of the depths the dissolved oxygen was well above the 5 mg/l needed at all times for fish survival.

• In addition to summer stratification, oxygen levels are generally lowest in the morning and continue to rise to the highest level before sunset. Many variables such as water temperature, time of day, amount of sunlight, and amount of aquatic plants present can affect the amount of dissolved oxygen present in the water.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 17

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 18 Algae analysis • ILM collected plankton tows and sent algae samples to Northern Lakes Services for the water quality test sites in the north and south basins. It is interesting to note how different the two basins are in regards to their algae species composition. Microcystin is a blue-green algal form that can release toxins at times. Chemical treatment of this algae is not recommended since then it will release the toxin all at one time. Other “green” methods of blue-green algae control are available, including certain types of aeration systems. ILM can research these alternative solutions. The HOA produced a very helpful document for the residents regarding this particular algae.

June 30, 2010 Dominant Algae Observed South North Northern Lake Service basin basin Genus Common Name Division Relative (%) Abundance Cryptomonas sp. Cryptomonad Cryptophycophyta 39.7% 1.3% Cyclotella sp. Diatom Bacillariophyta 6.7% 10.5% Merismopedia sp. Blue-green algae Cyanophycota 0.8% 10.9% Microcystis sp. Blue-green algae Cyanophycota NA 32.1% Monoraphidium sp. Green algae Chlorophycota 26.2% 4.4% Oscillatoria sp. Blue-green algae Cyanophycota NA 8.4% other species 26.6% 32.4% Can produce toxins

• Zooplankton observed from the plankton tows consisted of copepods, nauplii and rotifers. These zooplankton are typically found in most waterbodies and represent food for young fish.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 19 Sediment Analysis: Sediment quality was tested at the two water quality test sites. Please note that sediment samples are discrete samples and may vary depending on the location, unlike water, which is usually well mixed.

Below Normal Normal Elevated Highly Elevated Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (mg/kg) < 1650 1,650 – 5,775 – 7,850 >7,850 5,775 Total Phosphorous (mg/kg) <225 225 – 1,175 1,175 – 1,650 >1,650

South Basin North Basin Results

Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (mg/kg DWB) 3,400 2,400 Normal range Phosphorous, Total (mg/kg 830 650 Normal range DWB)

• Total amounts of Kjeldahl nitrogen and total phosphorus were in the normal range for Illinois lakes in both basins..

Sediment Quantity Sediment probing was performed at 23 sampling sites (S sites below). The majority of the sediment encountered was on the north shore of the north basin. Most of the rest of the lake had less than 1 ft of sedimet. The maximum sediment thickness was 2.3 ft and the average was 0.8 ft.

Sediment probing sites

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 20 Bayles Lake GPS Points

Sediment Water Total Sediment probe point GPS depth depth thickness probe Point Date / time GPS location (ft) (ft) (ft) Activity 11330‐JUN‐10 10:26:19AM N40 31.452 W88 05.387 4.8 5.2 0.4 probe site 21430‐JUN‐10 10:29:01AM N40 31.502 W88 05.512 5.5 5.8 0.3 probe site 31530‐JUN‐10 10:32:09AM N40 31.520 W88 05.627 9.0 10.0 1.0 probe site 41630‐JUN‐10 10:39:12AM N40 31.817 W88 05.460 4.8 4.8 0.0 probe site near dam 51730‐JUN‐10 10:44:01AM N40 31.845 W88 05.656 14.0 16.3 2.3 probe site 61830‐JUN‐10 10:49:48AM N40 31.622 W88 05.732 9.0 9.4 0.4 probe site 71930‐JUN‐10 11:04:48AM N40 30.848 W88 05.882 2.9 3.2 0.3 probe site 82030‐JUN‐10 11:09:11AM N40 30.895 W88 05.737 6.0 8.0 2.0 probe site 92130‐JUN‐10 11:12:36AM N40 30.899 W88 05.599 4.0 4.6 0.6 probe site 10 22 30‐JUN‐10 11:16:54AM N40 30.963 W88 05.390 5.0 6.5 1.5 probe site 23 30‐JUN‐10 11:54:22AM N40 30.903 W88 05.609 water quality site & oxygen profile 11 24 30‐JUN‐10 12:05:16PM N40 30.981 W88 05.739 4.5 5.5 1.0 oxygen profile 12 25 30‐JUN‐10 12:13:37PM N40 31.244 W88 05.801 7.5 8.0 0.5 probe site 13 26 30‐JUN‐10 12:24:28PM N40 31.251 W88 05.835 8.0 8.5 0.5 oxygen profile 14 27 30‐JUN‐10 12:26:59PM N40 31.350 W88 05.703 10.6 11.0 0.4 oxygen profile 15 28 30‐JUN‐10 12:37:09PM N40 31.427 W88 05.624 5.0 5.5 0.5 probe site 16 29 30‐JUN‐10 12:52:50PM N40 31.518 W88 05.691 12.3 13.0 0.7 oxygen profile 30 30‐JUN‐10 12:57:55PM N40 31.767 W88 05.626 water quality site & oxygen profile 17 31 30‐JUN‐10 1:42:39PM N40 31.780 W88 05.441 8.0 10.0 2.0 probe site 18 34 30‐JUN‐10 1:46:20PM N40 31.690 W88 05.416 5.0 5.1 0.1 probe site 19 35 30‐JUN‐10 1:48:17PM N40 31.647 W88 05.471 5.0 5.1 0.1 probe site 20 36 30‐JUN‐10 1:50:29PM N40 31.645 W88 05.413 7.2 7.8 0.6 probe site 21 37 30‐JUN‐10 1:54:23PM N40 31.838 W88 05.589 13.0 14.7 1.7 probe site 22 38 30‐JUN‐10 1:58:06PM N40 31.797 W88 05.772 13.5 15.0 1.5 probe site 23 39 30‐JUN‐10 2:01:54PM N40 31.558 W88 05.764 5.0 5.0 0.0 probe site Average sediment thickness =0.8

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 21 Atrazine

Atrazine is one of the most commonly used pesticides used in agricultural fields in Illinois. PDC Labs has routinely tested Atrazine other pesticides including Alachlor, Butachlor, Metolachlor, Metribuzin and Simazine. The drinking water standard for Atrazine is 3 µg/l, which has been exceeded at Bayles Lake. The south basin appears to have much higher atrazine concentrations than the north basin. The other pesticides were below detection limits during all of the sampling sessions.

Atrazine Concentrations as measured by PDC Labs Site 1Site 2Site 3Site 4Site 5Site 6Site 7 West inlet Golf Course Golf Course 1216 Sunset West Inlet - Pacey East Inlet - Buoy Spillway IL St. Std. 6/9/2003 7.10 6.70 8.00 2.10 1.10 1.90 2.00 3.00 8/26/2003 0.36 0.32 0.34 0.98 0.78 0.98 0.67 3.00 6/3/2004 4.40 3.80 3.10 0.86 0.76 0.65 0.73 3.00 5/24/2005 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 3.00 6/5/2006 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 3.00 6/6/2007 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 3.00 6/18/2008 1.40 1.40 1.40 0.56 0.54 0.55 0.45 3.00 6/6/2009 4.00 4.10 3.30 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 3.00 6/9/2010 0.62 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 < 0.3 3.00

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 22 III FISHERIES SUMMARY

The IDNR has been involved with Bayles Lake almost since its creation and had been called in to investigate numerous fish kills occurring in 1964, 1966, 1968, 1978, 1998, 2002, 2005, and 2008. They also performed fish surveys in 1960, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1975, 1988, 2002, and 2009. In the 1960s or 70s a lake rehabilitation project occurred where the lake was partially drained, the fish were killed with chemicals and the lake was stocked with new species. Since that time the lake has changed from an aquatic plant (macrophyte) based community to a planktonic algae based community.

The lake is also routinely stocked with fish. Information was provided from 2002 – 2009. The lake has been primarily stocked with largemouth bass. The size classification and amounts are in the appendix.

Fish Stocking at Bayles Lake 2002 ‐ 2009

Black Crappie Bluegills Channel Catfish Hybrid Striped Bass Largemouth Bass Walleye

Bayles Lake Fish Stocking 1,400

1,200

1,000 Black Crappie

800 Bluegills Channel Catfish 600 Hybrid Striped Bass Largemouth Bass 400 Walleye

200

0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 23 Data was provided from the last two fish surveys performed in 2002 and 2009. In the 2009 report the IDNR noted that the lake has improved and that they no longer recommend renovating the lake.

Bayles Lake Fish Survey Summary from IDNR fish sampling

2009 2002 Number % of total Number % of total Black Bullhead 2 0% 0 0% Bluegill 69 17% 188 44% Brown Bullhead 22 5% 3 1% Carp 9 2% 4 1% Channel Catfish 67 16% 31 7% Gizzard Shad 29 7% 98 23% Golden Shiner 0 0% 2 0% Green Sunfish 4 1% 4 1% Largemouth Bass 54 13% 69 16% Longear Sunfish 2 0% 6 1% Orange spotted 00%31% Sunfish Walleye 5 1% 1 0% White Crappie 32 8% 11 3% Yellow Bass 99 24% 4 1% Yellow Bullhead 13 3% 0 0% Total collected 407 424

Bayles Lake Fish survey summary 200 180 Fish 160 of 140 120 100

Number 80 60 40 20 2009 0 2002 Carp Bass Shad

Shiner Black Sunfish Sunfish Catfish Bluegill Brown Yellow Longear Crappie Walleye Bass Channel

Bullhead Bullhead Bullhead Sunfish Largemouth Yellow Gizzard Green Golden White Orangespotted

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 24

During both surveys approximately the same number of fish were caught by electroshocking, however their species distribution and size classification vary dramatically. In 2002 the lake was predominantly bluegill, while in 2009 a more diverse population was found. The number of channel catfish had increased and the amount of gizzard shad had decreased – probably due to the 2008 fish kill. Walleye had also increased, although only 5 were found. Individual size distribution graphs are located in the appendix.

Bayles Lake Fish Survey 2009

Bluegill

Brown Bullhead

Carp

Channel Catfish

Gizzard Shad

Green Sunfish

Largemouth Bass

Longear Sunfish

Walleye

White Crappie

Yellow Bass

Yellow Bullhead

Bayles Lake Fish Survey 2002

Bluegill

Brown Bullhead

Carp

Channel Catfish

Gizzard Shad

Green Sunfish

Largemouth Bass

Longear Sunfish

White Crappie

Yellow Bass

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 25 Largemouth bass: According to the 2009 report the bass population is doing well but the lake needs more fish habitat for young fry to hide from predators such as bluegill, shad and yellow bass. They also recommend stocking other predators to predate on the bluegills and yellow bass. Note that in 2009 the majority of the largemouth bass population is very young and are probably due to stocking.

Largemouth Bass at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 8

7 Avg. length (in.) 2009 = 12.9 6 2002 = 10.4

Frequency 6/16/2009 Both Lakes 3 8/28/2002 Both lakes 2

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Length (inches)

Bluegill: The bluegill population was adequate but the IDNR recommended more predators to improve the size structure of the species.

Bluegill at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 30

25 Avg. length (in.) 2009 = 5.8 20 2002 = 4.9

Frequency 6/16/2009 10 8/28/2002

0 246810 Length (inches)

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 26

Walleye: The IDNR was satisfied with the walleye stocking and felt that it was producing a good fishery. They recommend additional walleye stocking.

Walleye at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 5

4 Avg. length (in.) 2009 = 21.9 2002 = 23.2 (1 found) 3

Frequency 6/16/2009 2 8/28/2002

0 19 20 21 22 23 24 Length (inches)

Channel Catfish: The IDNR felt that Bayles Lake provided a great channel catfish fishery and that the frequency of catfish stocking should be reduced.

Channel Catfish at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 8 Avg. length (in.) 7 2009 = 14.3 2002 = 12.0 6

Frequency 6/16/2009 3 8/28/2002

0 8 1012141618202224 Length (inches)

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 27 White Crappie: The size distribution was poor and the numbers of crappie found were high. The IDNR recommended that anglers remove crappie to reduce their numbers. White Crappie at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 14

12 Avg. length (in.) 2009 = 7.6 2002 = 6.4 10

Frequency 6 6/16/2009 North 8/28/2002 Both lakes 4

0 46810 Length (inches)

Gizzard Shad: Shad numbers have been high even with several fish kills due to Columnaris disease. Shad are also very sensitive to sharp temperature changes. The IDNR recommend installing hybrid striped bass to predate on the young shad to try to limit their number.

Gizzard Shad at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 35 Avg. length (in.) 30 2009 = 8.3 2002 = 5.6 25

Frequency 15 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 10

0 3467891011 Length (inches)

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 28

Yellow bass: Their numbers are very high compared to the 2002 survey. It is recommended that walleye and hybrid striped bass may help predate upon them.

Yellow Bass at Bayles Lake Fish survey summary ‐ both basins 2002 & 2009 60

50 Avg. length (in.) 2009 = 7.0 40 2002 = 8.5

Frequency 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 20

0 57911 Length (inches)

Fisheries Recommendations: • Stock more predator fish to feed upon bluegills, shad and yellow bass. Stocking of more walleye and hybrid striped bass are recommended. • Stocking of more predators should also help control young green sunfish, carp, and bullhead species. These nuisance species were found in low numbers in the 2009 survey.

• Install fish structures to provide hiding areas for young fish or plant aquatic vegetation to provide natural hiding areas. • ILM recommends planting white water lilies in shallow areas and / or installation of artificial bass spawning structures. We do not recommend using Christmas trees in the lake since their degradation will contribute to nutrient loading.

• The IDNR also recommended keeping bass harvesting to a minimum so that the bass population can continue to improve.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 29 IV CONCLUSIONS:

Bayles Lake is a hypereutrophic lake with very high phosphorus concentrations. It typically has a planktonic algae bloom and has few, if any rooted aquatic plants. The lake is fairly shallow and could easily become plant dominated if it were not for the turbidity caused by the planktonic algae, which it had been in the 1960s. Although boaters prefer a weed-free lake, it does not represent a healthy aquatic ecosystem. Fishermen prefer some aquatic plants so that the fry can hide from predation. This was one of the concerns raised by the IDNR. The challenge is to have a lake with some aquatic plants, but not so many as to hinder swimming and boat traffic. If lakes are deep enough so that sunlight will not reach the sediment, then this balance can be achieved, but on shallow lakes (like Bayles Lake), either the lake becomes dominated by macrophytes, or is very turbid due to planktonic algae or suspended sediment. Suspended sediment turbidity is usually caused by a large population of common carp which disturb the bottom sediment.

The sources of nutrients to the lake need to be identified and reduced. If it is not, the lake may start experiencing blue-green algae blooms that can potentially produce toxins. This stage represents a very disturbed ecosystem and is not safe for swimming due to the potential for ingestion. Animals, especially dogs, have been known to drink large quantities of lake water during a blue-green algae bloom which proved to be fatal. It is critical to determine the source of the high nutrients entering the lake and / or implement a program.

lt is interesting to note the differences encountered between the north and south basins in terms of water quality. The south basin clearly has shown higher atrazine, fecal coliform, and nitrate / nitrite concentrations. The south basin has the influence of the golf course, and other inlets. The north basin is deeper, but had (at least at the time of ILM’s visit) more planktonic algae and with undesirable blue-green algae species (Microcystis).

Nutrients are probably entering the lake from multiple sources including lawn fertilizers from the lake shore properties; fertilizers applied to nearby agricultural fields; fertilizers applied to the golf course; goose droppings; and leaking septic systems.

Protection of the lake should be a high priority and usually starts with development of a watershed plan and education of the watershed residents. A watershed plan researches the watershed characteristics and assesses the watershed problems, a prioritized action plan is then developed and a report generated. It is best if the community is involved with this process by attending meetings and helping to prioritize areas of concern. The meetings also provide an educational opportunity. Having a watershed plan can help in obtaining grant funding for various projects, especially streambank stabilization using native plants.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 30 V RECOMMENDATIONS:

• A Nutrient Budget should be developed to determine the major sources of nutrients to Bayles Lake and the amount of nutrient loading. Reduction of nutrient loading, particularly of phosphorus, should be of primary concern to the Bayles Lake residents. Much of this information can then be used to develop a watershed plan based on the sources of these nutrients.

• A Watershed Plan should be developed to help determine the influences to the lake within the watershed. A plan would also determine estimated costs for various needs to improve and protect the lake. A Watershed Plan will help with budgeting by developing a 5 year or more cost estimate.

• Nutrients from fertilizers applied to the nearby lawns and / or agricultural fields may enter the lake and contribute to algae growth. The community has produced a brochure encouraging no phosphorus lawn fertilizers near the lake, but homeowners need to be continually educated regarding the use of phosphorus fertilizers and how they can negatively impact the lake. Lawn fertilizers are available that contain little or no phosphorus. The states of Minnesota and Wisconsin and some communities in Illinois, have determined that fertilizers are so harmful to lakes that they have banned the use of phosphorus in their communities. It is recommended that phosphorus-free fertilizers be used within the Bayles Lake watershed.

• Occasional high levels of nitrate + nitrite that have been observed, suggesting that much of the nutrient loading comes from nearby agricultural activities. Atrazine concentrations also suggest this. The lake residents need to work with the agricultural community to try to reduce runoff of pesticides and nutrients into the lake.

• Nutrients may also be entering the lake from failing or problematic septic systems, which was evident from the high fecal coliform levels observed this June. The community should encourage residents to maintain good working septic systems. Dye tracing for leaking septics can be performed to identify problem areas.

• If blue-green algae (green scum) have been observed, we strongly suggest getting the water tested for toxins, especially at swimming areas. You can collect the samples and overnight ship them to a lab set up to perform this analysis. ILM charges $250 per sample for a one day turn-around.

• The bathymetric map that was provided by the IDNR is 35 years old and does not easily show the depths. An updated bathymetric map is highly recommended, not only for fishing purposes, but also to determine sediment loading over time. ILM did not encounter the 22 ft deep sections of the lake, although only limited probing was conducted.

• Fisheries surveys should continue on a regular basis and the data charted to determine trends.

• More predator fish species should be stocked and bass spawning structures installed. Installation of some aquatic plants, such as water lilies may help provide habitat for young fish.

• Monitoring of water quality, especially for fecal coliform or E. coli should occur on a more regular basis. More frequent testing is recommended since the lake is used for swimming. Typically swimming areas are tested about every two weeks from Memorial Day to Labor Day. The source of the extremely high fecal coliform should be determined. The high levels found this June may suggest a point source, such as a leaking septic system or manure application on the agricultural fields.

• The source of atrazine should be determined to reduce its runoff into Bayles Lake. Perhaps encouraging farmers to plant a buffer zone around the fields near streams will reduce atrazine loading. Buffer zones would also reduce nutrient loading by filtration and absorption.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 31 • Homeowners should be encouraged to not have mowed lawns up to the edge of the water. Native plant buffer zones help filter nutrients, discourage geese, and decrease shoreline erosion. Native plantings can consist of wildflowers which will help beautify the shorelines.

• Bass harvesting should be kept to a minimum to allow them to allow the population to improve.

• Establish aquatic plants and / or artificial fish structures to provide fish habitat. Water lilies provide good habitat and grow in localized areas.

• Homeowners near the lake should be encouraged to plant rain gardens to filter and retain rainwater from their houses. This would also help protect the lake from nutrients and other pollutants.

ILM is available to assist Bayles Lake with any of the recommendations listed above with the upmost quality and efficiency.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 32

APPENDIX

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 33 TECHNICAL REPORT

Physical Analysis

Dissolved oxygen (D.O.) is needed for aquatic life to survive. A healthy environment for fish has D.O. concentration above 5 mg/l. Below 5 mg/l, fish become stressed. When the D.O. reaches 3 mg/l, fish may begin to die. Dissolved oxygen varies depending on day/night cycles, the amount of direct sunlight, and the temperature. D.O. drops at night and is highest on sunny days. D.O. is also much higher in cool water in the spring and fall, than during the summer. The Illinois State standard for D.O. is 5 mg/l at all times, and should not fall below 6 mg/l during at least 16 hours out of any 24 hour period (IEPA Title 35: Environmental Protection, Subtitle C: Water Pollution, Chapter 1: Pollution Control Board, State of Illinois Rules and Regulations, 1993). pH Some changes in pH occur naturally and are related to the amount of algal growth in the lake. Most lakes in this area have a pH of greater than 7 and often in the 8 range. The median is a pH of 8.35. pH measures the acidity and alkalinity of the water. A pH of 7.0 is neutral, below 7 is acidic and above 7 is alkaline. The pH scale is logarithmic, so a pH change of 1 unit is very significant.

Alkalinity measures the buffering capacity of a pond which is the ability to “buffer” the water from significant changes in acidity. Normal alkalinity for this region is about 90-250 mg/L.

Secchi depth indicates the clarity of the lake water. A high secchi depth indicates that the water is quite clear and free of algae and/or suspended sediments. A low secchi depth of less than 3 feet indicates that the water is very turbid. Turbidity could be due to either planktonic algae or suspended sediments.

Chemical Analysis

Chloride is usually tested in lake waters as an indicator of human activity. Natural waters away from human influence usually have chloride measurements below 20 mg/l. Sources of chloride include agricultural chemicals, human and animal wastes, and road salt.

Conductivity measures the water’s ability to conduct an electrical current, and is influenced by the amount of dissolved ions in the water. Conductivity levels vary dramatically from site to site. Distilled water has essentially no conductivity, while seawater is about 50,000 μmhos/l. Typical streams have a conductivity ranging from 150 to 3000 μmhos/l.

Nitrogen in a lake usually depends on local land use. High levels of nitrogen are found in runoff from agricultural areas where fertilizer and animal waste occur and from lawns that have been fertilized. Waterfowl waste products also contribute nitrogen to the lake. Nitrogen also enters the water naturally from atmospheric deposition during thunderstorms.

Nitrogen has several different forms that are important for lake studies. Ammonium (NH4+) occurs from human and animal waste products and decomposing organic matter. Kjeldahl nitrogen includes organic nitrogen plus ammonium. Organic nitrogen is nitrogen that occurs in living organisms. All inorganic forms of nitrogen, nitrate (NO3-) nitrite (NO2-), and ammonium (NH4+) can be used as food for aquatic plants and algae. Total nitrogen is the sum of nitrate, nitrite, and Kjeldahl nitrogen (Shaw et al., 2000 “Understanding Lake Data”, University of Wisconsin Extension). Although nitrogen may enter the lake in one form, microorganisms in the sediment and water can change nitrogen to a different form. Some of the nitrogen within the lake may eventually leave the lake by entering the atmosphere as nitrogen gas, flowing out the outlet, or becoming part of the sediments (Wetzel, 1983, Limnology, 2nd ed. Saunders College Publishing: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).

The general use water quality standard for ammonia nitrogen in Illinois is based on the temperature and pH of the water. The maximum allowable ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.5 mg/l when the water is

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 34 warm and the pH is at least 8.0 (IEPA, Title 35: Environmental Protection, Subtitle C: Water Pollution, Chapter 1: Pollution Control Board, State of Illinois Rules and Regulations, 1993). Higher levels of ammonia nitrogen are acceptable when the water has a lower pH and/or when it is cooler. High concentrations of ammonia are potentially toxic to fish life. Lake water concentrations of inorganic nitrogen above 0.3 mg/l can be sufficient to promote algae blooms (Forest Preserve District of DuPage County, 1993, “Phase I Diagnostic - Feasibility study of Herrick Lake, DuPage County, Illinois”).

Nitrogen levels change throughout the season depending on plant uptake. Typically nitrogen is higher in the spring and fall when plants are not actively taking up nutrients, and the lake is thoroughly mixed. Also, nitrogen re-enters the upper reaches of the water column during the spring and fall turnover, when the nitrogen rich bottom layer of water is mixed with the surface layer.

Total nitrogen is the sum of Kjeldahl nitrogen plus nitrate/nitrite. N: P ratio is helpful to determine if the lake is nitrogen or phosphorous limited. Lakes that have a ratio above 10:1 have phosphorous as the limiting nutrient, which controls the amount of plant growth. Lakes below the 10:1 ratio have nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. Lakes with ratios between 10:1 and 15:1 are variable having both phosphorus and nitrogen as the limiting nutrient. There is the potential for an algal bloom when the inorganic nitrogen (nitrate/nitrite + ammonia) is above 0.3 mg/l (as N).

Total phosphorous (P) has been the nutrient most often measured in lakes. Phosphorus is the nutrient that stimulates plant growth in most lakes. Total phosphorus represents a sum of all of the different forms of phosphorus in the water column, both dissolved and particulate. Total P includes orthophosphorous, phosphorous contained within organisms and, phosphorous attached to sediments. Orthophosphorous is the dissolved inorganic form of phosphorous that can be used easily by plants. Organisms such as algae contain small amounts of phosphorous that are released when the organism dies. Only very small amounts of phosphorous are needed to stimulate aquatic plant growth.

Orthophosphorous is the dissolved inorganic form of phosphorous that can be immediately used by plants. Levels of ortho P above 0.01 mg/l frequently cause algae blooms. Wastewater, agricultural and urban runoff are major sources of orthophosphorous and particulate phosphorous to lakes and streams. Orthophosphorous is the main form of phosphorous found in domestic wastewater (Garmen, G. D., G. B. Good, and L. M. Hinsman, 1986, Phosphorus: a summary of information regarding lake water quality, IEPA/WPC/86-010, Planning Section Division of Water Pollution Control, Illinois Environmental Protection Agency: Springfield, Illinois.)

Total suspended solids (TSS) consist of all “filterable” solids present in the water column, and include both inorganic and organic solids. It is determined from the amount of material collected on a filter. High levels of TSS can result from algae blooms, sediments resuspension, and/or the inflow of turbid waters. High levels of TSS are typically associated with low water clarity, high phosphorous levels and a lack of plant diversity. The average TSS value for the Lake county region is 5.0 mg/l and ranged from 0.6 mg/l to 61.0 mg/l (Interpreting Your Lake’s Water Quality Data, Lake County Health Department, August 2001).

Chlorophyll a, which is present in plants and algae, is the primary green pigment necessary for photosynthesis to occur. Measuring the amount of chlorophyll a in the water gives a rough indication of the amount of algae present in the lake. The pheophytin a, and trichromomatic chlorophyll a, b, and c represent different pigments that occur in algae. Pheophytin a, in particular, is a degradation product of chlorophyll a that interferes with its analysis. Therefore, corrected chlorophyll a represents the amount of algae present in the lake after adjusting for the presence of pheophytin a.

The trophic state index (TSI) is another indicator of water quality. Trophic state refers to the amount of nutrient enrichment within a lake/pond. To determine the TSI the total phosphorous concentration, the total chlorophyll a concentration and the secchi disk reading are plotted on a table. This index essentially determines how old the pond is. A natural aging process occurs in all lakes/ponds, causing them to change from oligotrophic to eutrophic over time, and eventually fill in. People can accelerate the eutrophication process by allowing nutrients from agriculture, lawn fertilizers, streets, septic systems, and urban storm drains to enter lakes/ponds.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 35 FIELD METHODS FOR WATER QUALITY TESTING

PHYSICAL TESTING:

Water clarity is measured using a 20-cm secchi disk; a black-and-white plastic disk attached to a cord that is marked at one-foot intervals. The disk is lowered into the water to the point at which the black- and-white divisions are no longer visible. This depth is recorded as the secchi depth, which is an indicator of the amount of water clarity. At least two readings are taken at every sample site.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is measured using a DO HACH kit (model OX-2P). A water sample is taken and placed in a glass bottle. Two different reagents are added to the water sample and a stopper is quickly placed on the bottle, with care taken to avoid trapping air bubbles. The mixture is shaken thoroughly and the precipitate is allowed to settle, twice. Then a third reagent is added to the mixture which turns the precipitate to a clear yellow color if oxygen is present. A measuring tube is filled with the yellow water sample and poured into a mixing bottle. Sodium Thiosulfate solution is added drop by drop to the mixing bottle until the sample changes from yellow to colorless. Each drop used to bring about the color change is equal to 1 mg/L of dissolved oxygen.

Water temperature is recorded using a non-mercury thermometer (ºC). pH measurements are taken using a pH HACH test kit (Model 17-N). One test tube is filled to the 5-mL line with a water sample and placed in the top left opening of the color comparator. Another tube is filled to 5-mL with a water sample and six drops of the pH indicator solution is added. Swirl to mix. This tube is placed in the top right opening of the color comparator. The color comparator is held up to an available light source and the color disc is rotated until the two colors match. The pH is read in the scale window.

Alkalinity is measured using a HACH model AL-DT with digital titration. A sulfuric acid titration cartridge is attached to the titration body. A 100-ml water sample is collected and placed in a glass flask. Phenolphthalein indicator is added to the sample and swirled to mix. Bromcresol green-methyl red indicator is then added to the sample and mixed. Using the digital titration, the sample is titrated with the sulfuric acid standard solution to a light pink color, and the concentration of alkalinity recorded from the digital reading. Periodically the kit results are graded against a known standard solution provided by the manufacturer.

Dissolved oxygen and temperature were also measured using an YSI 550 water quality monitoring system manufactured by Hydrolab. The digital meter is calibrated before field use and displays two parameters of water quality. The HACH test kits are used to test the data against the YSI 550 for complete accuracy.

A plankton tow from Wildlife Supply Company, Wildco 48 C60, is used for specimen collection. The plankton tow is comprised of mesh netting with a weighted chamber and rope attachment. The plankton tow is thrown several feet from the boat and pulled through the water at a depth of one to two feet. The clamp attachment on the outlet hose is released and the water poured from the collection chamber into the specimen bottle. The tow is cleaned between sampling sites with a solution of Chlorox. Chlorox residual is rinsed off with distilled water.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 36 CHEMICAL TESTING:

All samples are placed on ice in the field immediately after collection. Several tests can be conducted from each sample bottle. Bottles used for collection are clean bottles provided by Northern Lakes Service. A 1-liter unpreserved bottle is collected and tested for total suspended solids and conductivity. A 250-ml bottle preserved with sulfuric acid is collected from the lake and tested for the nitrogen series and total phosphorus. A separate 1-liter unpreserved bottle is collected for chlorophyll a testing. Following any additional preparation required for each sample, the samples are placed on ice and shipped overnight to Northern Lakes Service in Crandon, Wisconsin for laboratory analysis.

Ammonia nitrogen samples are placed in 1-liter plastic containers with sulfuric acid preservative. The samples are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4 ° C upon collection and during shipment.

Chlorophyll a samples are composites taken from several water depths. The samples are placed in 1- liter plastic bottles with no preservatives. The samples are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4 ° C upon collection and during shipment.

Nitrate and nitrite samples are placed in 250-ml plastic containers with sulfuric acid preservative and are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4 ° C upon collection and during shipment.

Total Kjeldahl nitrogen samples are placed in 1-liter plastic containers with sulfuric acid preservative. The samples, both water and sediment, are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4 ° C upon collection and during shipment.

Orthophosphorus samples are filtered using glass fiber filters and then placed into 1-liter plastic containers with no preservative agent. The samples are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4° C upon collection and during shipment.

Total phosphorus samples are placed into 250-ml plastic containers with sulfuric acid preservative. The samples, both water and sediment, are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4 ºC upon collection and during shipment.

TSS (total suspended solids) and TSVS (total suspended volatile solids) samples are placed in 250-ml plastic containers with no preservatives. The samples are maintained at a temperature of approximately 4° C upon collection and during shipment.

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 37 Bayles Lake Water Quality Summary PDC Laboratories, Inc. 2003 ‐ 2010 Integrated Lakes Management 2010 Alachlor (µg/l) Atrazine (µg/l) Butachlor (µg/l) Metolachlor (µg/l) Metribuzin (µg/l) Simazine (µg/l) Nitrogen,Ammonia as (mg/l) N Nitrate/Nitrite as (mg/l) N Phosphorus, Total as P (mg/l) Fecal Coliform (cfu/100 ml) ILL State Standards 2* 3* NA NA NA 4* 0.1 - 15** 10* 0.05*** 200*** Site 1: Buoy - West Inlet 6/9/2003 < 0.2 7.10 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 1.5 0.11 0 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.36 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.38 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 4.40 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.280 4.4 18.00 110 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.17 20 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.40 20 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.40 400 6/18/2008 < 0.2 1.40 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 1.6 0.21 40 6/6/2009 < 0.2 4.00 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 1.2 0.24 60 6/9/2010 < 0.2 0.62 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 2.3 0.18 1,600 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 150 Average < 0.2 1.99 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.03 1.22 2.23 241 Adjusted average without extremes: 0.26 83

Site 2: Golf Course Inlet 6/9/2003 < 0.2 6.70 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 1.2 0.16 0 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.32 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.27 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 3.80 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.280 5 0.18 120 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.25 10 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.32 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.40 160 6/18/2008 < 0.2 1.40 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 1.6 0.24 60 6/6/2009 < 0.2 4.10 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 1.2 0.25 30 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 2 0.37 3,000 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 160 6/30/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.52 0.33 0.26 20 Average < 0.2 1.81 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.08 1.13 0.27 325 Adjusted average without extremes: 50

Site 3: Golf Course Road S Lake 6/9/2003 < 0.2 8.00 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 1.3 0.15 0 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.34 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.31 < 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 3.10 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.450 4.1 0.19 120 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.36 < 10 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.35 < 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.40 50 6/18/2008 < 0.2 1.40 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 1.4 0.26 10 6/6/2009 < 0.2 3.30 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.45 0.29 40 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.55 0.31 1,500 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 130 Average < 0.2 1.79 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.05 0.87 0.29 172 Adjusted average without extremes: 28

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 38 Bayles Lake Water Quality Summary (continued) Alachlor (µg/l) Atrazine (µg/l) Butachlor (µg/l) (µg/l) Metolachlor (µg/l) Metribuzin Simazine (µg/l) Nitrogen, Ammonia as (mg/l) N Nitrate/Nitriteas (mg/l) N Phosphorus, Total as P (mg/l) ml) (cfu/100 Coliform Fecal ILL State Standards 2* 3* NA NA NA 4* 0.1 - 15** 10* 0.05*** 200*** Site 4: Dockside 1216 Sunset Ct. 6/9/2003 < 0.2 2.10 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 < 0.02 0.11 10 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.98 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.23 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 0.86 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.050 0.61 0.15 20 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.16 10 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.20 < 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.25 20 6/18/2008 < 0.2 0.56 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.16 10 6/6/2009 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 2.100 0.07 0.24 10 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.17 260 Average < 0.2 0.50 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.24 0.08 0.19 39

Site 5: West Inlet - Pacey 6/9/2003 < 0.2 1.10 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 < 0.02 0.15 0 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.78 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.18 30 6/3/2004 < 0.2 0.76 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.050 0.27 0.11 40 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.16 10 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.17 < 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.27 12 6/18/2008 < 0.2 0.54 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.18 10 6/6/2009 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.033 0.19 200 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.20 300 Average < 0.2 0.35 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.01 0.03 0.18 67

Site 6: East Inlet - Buoy 6/9/2003 < 0.2 1.90 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 < 0.02 0.10 20 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.98 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.16 < 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 0.65 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.050 0.14 0.20 30 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.24 20 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.17 < 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.18 100 6/18/2008 < 0.2 0.55 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.051 0.19 < 10 6/6/2009 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.03 0.18 10 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.30 330 Average < 0.2 0.45 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.01 0.02 0.19 57

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 39 Bayles Lake Water Quality Summary (continued) Alachlor (µg/l) Atrazine (µg/l) Butachlor (µg/l) (µg/l) Metolachlor (µg/l) Metribuzin Simazine (µg/l) Nitrogen, Ammonia as (mg/l) N Nitrate/Nitriteas (mg/l) N Phosphorus, Total as P (mg/l) ml) (cfu/100 Coliform Fecal ILL State Standards 2* 3* NA NA NA 4* 0.1 - 15** 10* 0.05*** 200*** Site 7: Mouth of Spillway 6/9/2003 < 0.2 2.00 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.20 < 0.02 0.09 20 8/26/2003 < 0.2 0.67 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.05 < 0.02 0.16 < 10 6/3/2004 < 0.2 0.73 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 0.060 0.26 0.12 10 5/24/2005 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 3.30 < 10 6/5/2006 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.4 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.16 < 10 6/6/2007 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 < 0.02 0.22 20 6/18/2008 < 0.2 0.45 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.15 0.15 < 10 6/6/2009 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.025 < 0.1 10 6/9/2010 < 0.2 < 0.3 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 < 0.1 0.049 0.41 54 6/30/10 (ILM) NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.180 ND 0.29 10 Average < 0.2 0.43 < 0.4 < 0.8 < 0.2 < 0.35 0.02 0.05 0.54 14 Adjusted average without extremes: 0.18

Site 8: End Large East Inlet 8/26/2003 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA < 10

Site 9: TWP Road 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 230

Site 10: Golf Course Pond 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 270

Site 11: Bayles House 6/28/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 45

Site 12: North Lake North End 6/30/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.18 < 0.025 0.29 10

Site 13: South Lake Center 6/30/2010 NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.52 0.33 0.26 20

* Drinking water standard ‐ Title 35 Environmental Protection Subtitle F: Public Water Supplies Primary drinking water standards, section 611.301 & 611.311 **General Use Water Quality Standard for Ammonia Nitrogen depends on pH and temperature *** General Use Water Quality Standards ‐Title 35, Subtitle C Water Pollution, IEPA

NA = Not Available Above standards

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 40 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Largemouth bass

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 2.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2.8 0 0.0 1 1 2.8 3.1 0 0.0 3 2 5 15.5 3.5 0 0.0 6 1 7 24.5 3.9 0 0.0 6 6 23.4 4.3 0 0.0 3 3 12.9 4.7 0 0.0 2 2 9.4 5.1 0 0.0 1 1 5.1 5.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 5.9 0 0.0 1 1 5.9 6.3 0 0.0 1 1 6.3 6.7 0 0.0 1 1 6.7 7.1 2 2 14.2 0 0.0 7.5 2 1 3 22.5 1 1 7.5 7.9 0 0.0 2 2 15.8 8.3 1 1 8.3 2 2 16.6 8.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 9.1 3 3 27.3 0 0.0 9.4 2 2 18.8 1 1 2 18.8 9.8 2 2 19.6 0 0.0 10.2 2 1 3 30.6 0 0.0 10.6 1 3 4 42.4 0 0.0 11 0 0.0 1 1 11.0 11.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 11.8 3 3 35.4 1 1 11.8 12.2 2 1 3 36.6 2 2 24.4 12.6 1 1 12.6 0 0.0 13 1 4 5 65.0 1 1 13.0 13.4 2 1 3 40.2 0 0.0 13.8 2 2 27.6 1 1 2 27.6 14.2 1 1 14.2 3 3 42.6 14.6 1 1 14.6 1 1 14.6 15 1 1 15.0 3 3 45.0 15.4 1 1 15.4 2 2 30.8 15.7 0 0.0 1 1 15.7 16.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 16.5 2 2 33.0 1 1 16.5 16.9 1 1 16.9 3 3 50.7 17.321351.911234.6 17.7 1 1 17.7 0 0.0 18.1 1 1 18.1 3 3 54.3 18.5 1 1 18.5 1 3 4 74.0 18.9 0 0.0 2 2 37.8 19.3 1 1 19.3 1 1 19.3 19.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 20.1 1 1 20.1 1 1 20.1 20.5 2 2 41.0 0 0.0 20.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 21.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 21.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 22 0 0.0 0 0.0 Total 30 24 54 42 27 69 Average 12.9 10.4

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 41

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 42 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Bluegill

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes total length North South Both Lakes total length 1.6 2 2 3.2 1 1 1.6 2 0 0.0 3 4 7 14.0 2.4 0 0.0 1 1 2.4 2.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 3.1 1 1 3.1 2 2 4 12.4 3.5 0 0.0 5 8 13 45.5 3.9 0 0.0 15 6 21 81.9 4.31 1 4.36 142086.0 4.7 2 3 5 23.5 7 10 17 79.9 5.1 4 4 20.4 16 10 26 132.6 5.5 13 1 14 77.0 8 15 23 126.5 5.9 7 2 9 53.1 14 13 27 159.3 6.3 21 3 24 151.2 7 14 21 132.3 6.7 6 6 40.2 1 6 7 46.9 7.1 2 1 3 21.3 0 0.0 7.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 7.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 8.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 8.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 9.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 9.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 Total 56 13 69 86 102 188 Average 5.8 4.9

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 43 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Walleye

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 18.5 1 1 18.5 18.9 0 0 19.3 0 0 19.7 0 0 20.1 0 0 20.5 0 0 20.9 0 0 21.3 0 0 21.7 1 1 21.7 22 0 0 22.4 1 1 22.4 22.8 1 1 22.8 23.2 0 0 1 23.2 23.6 0 0 24 1 1 24 24.4 0 0 24.8 0 0 Total 5 5 1 Average 21.9 23.2

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 44 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Channel Catfish

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 7.9 1 1 7.9 0 0.0 8.2 1 1 8.2 0 0.0 8.6 2 2 17.2 0 0.0 9119.0119.0 9.4 1 1 9.4 7 7 65.8 9.82 219.6 4 439.2 10.2 0 0.0 4 4 40.8 10.6 1 1 10.6 1 1 10.6 11 2 2 22.0 1 1 11.0 11.4 5 1 6 68.4 1 1 11.4 11.8 1 1 2 23.6 1 1 11.8 12.2 3 1 4 48.8 0 0.0 12.6 1 3 4 50.4 0 0.0 13 2 4 6 78.0 1 1 13.0 13.4 1 2 3 40.2 0 0.0 13.8 1 4 5 69.0 2 2 27.6 14.2 3 3 42.6 2 2 28.4 14.6 3 3 43.8 1 1 14.6 15 2 1 3 45.0 0 0.0 15.4 3 3 46.2 0 0.0 15.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 16.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 16.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 16.9 1 1 16.9 1 1 2 33.8 17.3 1 1 17.3 1 1 17.3 17.7 0 0.0 1 1 17.7 18.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 18.5 1 1 18.5 0 0.0 18.9 0 0.0 1 1 18.9 19.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 19.7 1 1 2 39.4 0 0.0 20.1 1 1 20.1 0 0.0 20.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 20.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 21.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 21.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 22 3 2 5 110.0 0 0.0 22.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 22.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 23.2 1 1 23.2 0 0.0 23.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 24 0 0.0 0 0.0 24.4 1 1 24.4 0 0.0 25.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 25.6 1 1 25.6 0 0.0 Total 35 32 67 2 29 31 Average 14.3 12.0

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 45

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 46 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

White Crappie

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 4.3 0.0 0 0.0 4.7 0.0 0 0.0 5.1 0.0 0 0.0 5.5 0.0 0 0.0 5.9 0.0 1 2 3 17.7 6.3 0.0 1 3 4 25.2 6.7 1 6.7 1 2 3 20.1 7.1 7 49.7 1 1 7.1 7.5 12 90.0 0 0.0 7.9 8 63.2 0 0.0 8.3 2 16.6 0 0.0 8.7 2 17.4 0 0.0 9.1 0.0 0 0.0 9.4 0.0 0 0.0 9.8 0.0 0 0.0 10.2 0.0 0 0.0 10.6 0.0 0 0.0 11 0.0 0 0.0 11.4 0.0 0 0.0 11.8 0.0 0 0.0 Total 32 4 7 11 Average 7.6 6.4

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 47 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Yellow Bass

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 5.1 1 1.0 5.1 0 0.0 5.5 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 5.9 1 1.0 5.9 1 1 5.9 6.3 5 5.0 31.5 1 1 6.3 6.7 20 1 21.0 140.7 0 0.0 7.1 55 1 56.0 397.6 0 0.0 7.5 12 1 13.0 97.5 0 0.0 7.9 1 1.0 7.9 0 0.0 8.3 1 1.0 8.3 0 0.0 8.7 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 9.1 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 9.4 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 9.8 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 10.2 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 10.6 0.0 0.0 1 1 10.6 11 0.0 0.0 1 1 11.0 11.4 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 11.8 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 12.2 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 Total95499 224 Average 7.0 8.5

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 48

Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Gizzard Shad

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 3 0 0.0 0 0.0 3.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 3.9 0 0.0 10 10 39.0 4.3 0 0.0 10 21 31 133.3 4.7 0 0.0 10 4 14 65.8 5.1 0 0.0 6 5 11 56.1 5.5 0 0.0 4 5 9 49.5 5.9 0 0.0 2 4 6 35.4 6.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 6.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 7.1 4 4 28.4 0 0.0 7.5 4 4 30.0 0 0.0 7.9 4 4 31.6 0 0.0 8.3 7 7 58.1 0 0.0 8.7 3 3 26.1 1 1 8.7 9.131436.4119.1 9.4 1 1 9.4 0 0.0 9.8 1 1 9.8 1 1 2 19.6 10.2 1 1 10.2 6 1 7 71.4 10.6 0 0.0 3 3 31.8 11 0 0.0 2 1 3 33.0 11.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 11.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 12.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 12.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 Total 28 1 29 54 44 98 Average 8.3 5.6

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 49

Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Green sunfish

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 2 0 0.0 0 0.0 2.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 2.8 1 1 2.8 0 0.0 3.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 3.5 1 1 2 7.0 0 0.0 3.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 4.3 0 0.0 1 1 4.3 4.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 5.1 0 0.0 1 1 5.1 5.5 0 0.0 1 1 5.5 5.9 1 1 5.9 1 1 5.9 6.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 6.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 7.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 7.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 7.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 Total 2 2 4 4 Average 3.9 5.2

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 50

Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Yellow Bullhead

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 6.3 1 1 6.3 6.7 0 0 7.1 0 0 7.5 1 1 7.5 7.9 1 1 2 15.8 8.3 1 1 8.3 8.7 1 1 8.7 9.1 3 3 27.3 9.5 1 1 9.5 9.9 2 2 19.8 10.7 1 1 10.7 Total 3 10 13 Average 8.8

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 51 Bayles Lake Fisheries Summary

Brown Bullhead

Length 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 6/16/2009 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 8/28/2002 inches North South Both Lakes Avg length North South Both lakes Avg length 8.6 1 1 8.6 0 0.0 9 0 0.0 0 0.0 9.4 2 2 18.8 0 0.0 9.8 0 0.0 1 1 9.8 10.2 1 1 10.2 0 0.0 10.6 4 4 42.4 0 0.0 11 1 1 11.0 1 1 11.0 11.4 1 3 4 45.6 0 0.0 11.8 3 3 35.4 1 1 11.8 12.2 2 2 24.4 0 0.0 12.6 1 1 2 25.2 0 0.0 13 1 1 13.0 0 0.0 13.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 13.8 1 1 13.8 0 0.0 14.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 Total 5 17 22 3 Average 11.3 10.9

120 LeBaron St., Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-244-6662; 847-244-0261 (fax); www.lakesmanagement.com 52