HERSHEYPARK® is proud to support the education of students through our theme park laboratory. For years, HERSHEYPARK has utilized this unique opportunity for students to apply their knowledge in a hands-on environment.
HERSHEYPARK serves as an excellent destination for those groups seeking a day filled with eductional opportunities, while simultaneously offering the exciting surroundings of a theme park.
We have designed our educational guides as a resource for all ages, grade levels, and curriculums. We encourage you to use this guide as a resource to plan your own adventure within HERSHEYPARK. Feel free to use the activities which you feel are most appropriate for your students and reproduce the worksheets as needed.
HERSHEYPARK would like to recognize several individuals who have contributed their time and energy to make each educational guide beneficial. These individuals have been the success behind the HERSHEYPARK laboratory and make it possible to enhance the educational enrichment within HERSHEYPARK.
• Dr. Geno Torri, Chambersburg • Mr. Jeffery Fuhrman, Donegal • Mr. Roy DeRemer, Warwick • Mr. Tom Ritter, Annville Cleona • Mr. Jeffery Way, Hempfield • Mr. Bill Irwin • Mr. Jim Delaney, Manheim Township
An additional Thank You is necessary to the following individuals who are working with HERSHEYPARK in our commitment of excellence by helping to improve all educational prorams. We greatly value thier time and efforts.
• Ms. Kara Czernik-Hines, Ridley • Mr. Mark Elicker, Elizabethtown • Mr. Paul Hine, Ridley • Ms. Karen Muckenthaler, Elizabethtown • Ms. Kelly Miller, Elizabethtown • Mr. Justin Brohl, Ridley • Mr. Geno Torri, Chambersburg • Ms. Monika Hager, Homeschool Program Supervisor
HERSHEYPARK will gladly accept any additional problems, experiments, or corrections to our educational guides. Please feel free to email HERSHEYPARK Group Sales, with your comments or questions to [email protected].
300 Park Boulevard, Hershey, PA 17033
1 Acknowledgments
HERSHEYPARK would like to recognize and thank Dr. Geno Torri for researching and writing this Discovery Guide.
Dr. Torri’s dedication to children and commitment to developing an environment that enhances a child’s natural discovery process has produced a Discovery Guide that is truly “teacher- friendly”. The activities encourage a thematic approach to learning. Your students can participate in a variety of learning activities, while enjoying all the fun and excitement of HERSHEYPARK and surrounding attractions.
Also, thanks to the ZOOAMERICA® North American Wildlife Park and HERSHEYPARK Aquatheatre staffs who have provided excellent activities to enhance this educational destination.
PASCO Scientific is a proud sponsor of HERSHEYPARK educational programs. Call PASCO at 1-800-722-8700 for your science laboratory needs.
2 Table of Contents
Equipment for HERSHEYPARK Science...... 4 National Science Contact Standards ...... 5 HERSHEYPARK has the Formula...... 6 Terminology for Science Day ...... 7 PASCO and HERSHEYPARK ...... 8 Everyone’s Sweet at HERSHEYPARK ...... 10 Ready, Set, Internet with HERSHEYPARK ...... 11 Hello from HERSHEYPARK...... 12 Start at the Carrousel...... 13 Newton’s Fender Bender...... 14 Coal Cracker ...... 15 The Pirate at HERSHEYPARK ...... 16 Simply Hershey...... 17 Speed at Hershey...... 18 How About a Big Kiss?...... 19 Arboretum at HERSHEYPARK ...... 20 Weather Conditions at the Park...... 22 ZOOAMERICA Map...... 23 ZOOAMERICA...... 24 Who Are They? ...... 25 HERSHEY’S CHOCOLATE WORLD®...... 26 HERSHEY Factory Tour...... 27 Important Statistics ...... 28 Graph It ...... 29 Data Conversion Page...... 30
3 Equipment for HERSHEYPARK Science For our experience to be the most it can be, you will want to bring the right materials. Following are some recommended items to bring with you for your experience.
Use the following as a checklist: ______Acceleration data gathering device ______Calculators ______Clipboard ______Activity sheets ______Laptop computer ______Pencils ______Plastic bags (to carry items) ______Stopwatch ______Talk about (communication radio)
4 National Science Content Standards
Grades K-4 Grades 5-8 Meets National Standard Concepts Meets National Standard Concepts Unifying Concept and Process Unifying Concept and Process Systems, order, and organization Systems, order, and organization HERSHEYPARK evidence, models, and explanation change, HERSHEYPARK eviedence, models, and explanation change, consistency, and measurement consistency, and measurement Evolution and Equilibrium Evolution and Equilibrium Form and Function Form and Function
Science and Inquiry Science and Inquiry Ability necessary to do Scientific Inquiry Ability necessary to do Scientific Inquiry Understanding about Scientific Inquiry Understanding about Scientific Inquiry Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism
Physical Science Physical Science Properties of Objects and Materials HERSHEYPARK Properties and changes of properties in matter HERSHEYPARK Position and Motion on objects Motion and Forces Light, Heat, Electricity, and Magnetism Transfer of Energy
Life Science HERSHEYPARK Characteristics of organisms Life Science Life Cycles of organisms Structure and function in living systems HERSHEYPARK organism and environment Reproduction and heredity Regulation and behavior Earth and Space Science Properties of Earth Materials Earth and Space Science HERSHEYPARK Objects in the sky Structure of the Earth system Changes in Earth and Sky Earth’s History Earth in the Solar System Science and Technology Ability of Technological Design Science and Technology HERSHEYPARK Understanding about Science & Technology Abilities of technical design Ability to distinguish between natural objects Understanding about Science and Technology
Science in Personal & Social Perspectives Science in Personal & Social Perspectives Personal Health Personal Health Types of Resources Natural Hazards Changes in Environments Science and Technology in society HERSHEYPARK History and Nature of Science HERSHEYPARK Science as a human endeavor History and Nature of Science Science as a human endeavor HERSHEYPARK Nature of Science History of Science 5 HERSHEYPARK has the Formulas
Use the following formulas for activities in this manual or activities of your own design.
Force F = M A
Work W = F D
Speed V = d / t
Acceleration A = V2 – V1 t
Circumference of a circle C = � d or C = � r
Potential Energy PE = MGH
Kinetic Energy KE = MV2 2
Key Terms
A = acceleration M= mass H= height d = distance V= speed (velocity) t = time r = radius C = circumference � = 3.14 G = 32 ft./sec2 or 9.8 m / sec 2
6 Terminology at HERSHEYPARK
The following are terms associated with your Science at HERSHEYPARK experience.
Science • Acceleration • Altitude • Circumference • Force • Inertia • Kinetic Energy • Mass • Potential Energy • Velocity • Work
Weather Terms • Clouds • Cumulus • Circle • Dew Point • Fronts • Humidity • Precipitation • Psychrometer Stratus
7 On Physics and Science Days visit at HERSHEYPARK
Data collection equipment will enhance your HERSHEYPARK experience and your curriculum. When you join us at the park, bring your data gathering equipment.
The PASCO xplorer provides an easy collection system.
The vest provides a secure way of controlling the sensor and getting accurate data collection. To make you data collection easy, PASCO will have vests available for you to sign out on Physics and Science Days.
The TENT, located in the MIDWAY, will have tables and outlets for you to set up your laptops. So use this location as your base of operations. Have students put on a vest, take a ride on one of the 10 great coasters and collect some data. You can download it in the tent and take it with you for follow-up study in the classroom.
8 Great Sensors make data gathering easy, informative and fun.
Use the 3 axis accelerometer and altimeter to measure acceleration changes in magnitude and direction. This device measures acceleration in each axis, calculates the resultant, and measures the change in altitude.
A Weather Watch Station will be set up outside the tent.
Weather Watch sensors will let us incorporate a major factor of park operations into your science experience, the weather. HERSHEYPARK will use the PASCO Weather Watch to set up a weather station outside of the TENT. The data will be real time and available for teachers and students when you return to the classroom.
PASCO and HERSHEYPARK taking science out of the PARK and into your classroom.
9 Everyone’s Sweet at HERSHEYPARK
Each ride at HERSHEYPARK has a minimum height requirement. At the entrance to the Park and at the entrance to each ride there is a height guide. Graph the members of your class or group and see how many are within each candy category.
First make a prediction as to how many are within each category – then tabulate the actual results.
Prediction: Actual Number:
10 Ready, Set, Internet with HERSHEYPARK
Use the HERSHEYPARK web site as an educational tool within your classroom. Students can go to the site and access both HERSHEYPARK and ZOOAMERICA. You can use the sites to complete the following activities or make up your own. The possibilities are endless. You will need to pre-visit the site to develop some specific activities.
Go to: http://www.hersheypark.com/
Click on RIDES
Go to Ride Search:
Select and do the search you desire.
Here are a few inquires to try:
Find out how many rides are considered Adult, Family, or Kiddie rides.
11 Hello from HERSHEYPARK
A post card is a mini-story. The picture gives the reader the setting or theme. The message provides the plot, character clues, and tone of the story. Share the excitement and experience of your day at HERSHEYPARK by giving them a postcard.
12 Start at the Carrousel
The basic process of good science is the ability to observe what is occurring or what is not occurring. The Carrousel, which was the last ride personally selected by Milton Hershey, is an excellent place to start your science experience at HERSHEYPARK and to sharpen your observation skills.
Materials: stop watch Formula: V= distance / time V=d/t Terminology: period of rotation Circumference C= 2 x � x r
Go to the Carrousel and while you are in line answer the following. 1. Which direction does the carrousel turn ? ______2. How many horses are on the carrousel?______3. How many horses go up and down? ______4. How many horses do not go up and down? ______5. What percent of the horses go up and down? ______6. Are there animals other than horses on the ride, if so, what are they? 7. Are all the animals in the outer circle decorated the same as those in the inner circle? ______
Determine the velocity of this ride. 1. Stand near the carrousel (outside ride fence) and locate a horse or bench on the ride. This will be a point of reference. 2. Once the ride is at full speed use your stop watch to measure five rotations. 3. Divide this time by 60 to determine the period of rotation.
Do you experience the same ride on every horse? Use the radius measurements to calculate the velocities on different horses. Radius for the four circumferences of the horses. Outer most 7.7 meters Second level 6.5 meters Third level 5.3 meters Inner 4.5 meters
Measure the time of one rotation (once the ride is at full speed)
Velocity = ______/ ______m/s Circumference time
13 Newton’s Fender Bender
The Fender Bender is all about Newton and his first law. Observe the action from the viewing area located at either end or experience it for yourself. Don’t forget that half the fun is in the experience.
Prediction: Before making your observations – make your prediction. Draw an arrow to indicate your prediction as to what will happen in the situations below.
You may want to use colors to illustrate your prediction and observation.
14 Coal Cracker
This ride travels at an average speed of 8 ft./sec. This makes it slow by coaster standards, but it provides some of the best examples of Newton’s first law and the concept of inertia.
Inertia is the tendency of matter to remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line.
If you have ever stopped suddenly in a car or bus and continued to move forward – then you have experience inertia. This activity asks you to ride the Coal Cracker and locate the inertial impact spot – place the letter “I” at the location.
Hint: Be careful in your observation – there are many “I” spots.
15 The Pirate at HERSHEYPARK
The Pirate is a very simple looking ride but it is one of the best for providing a zero-g feeling. Zero-g stands for a condition where there is no gravitational force upon your body. This can never exist, even when an astronaut is in space they experience microgravity or a feeling of zero-g due to the limited pull upon their body.
Observe the motion.
Describe the motion of the Pirate. ______
______
______
Which rider travels the greatest distance? A or B
Take the accelerometer on the ride and measure the g’s.
Indicate where you experienced the greatest 1 g and greater than 1 g.
16 Simply Hershey
HERSHEYPARK is about motion and force and it is the machines at HERSHEYPARK performing these concepts are what makes this an exciting place.
Some of the common types of machines within HERSHEYPARK are levers, block and tackle, and gears.
As you go through the Park match the simple machine with the ride or event.
L for lever T for block and tackle G for gear
_____ lemonade stand ____ monorail _____ midway street sweeper ____ frog leaping game _____ ice cream machine
List some events, rides or items that use the three types of simple machines Levers Block and Tackle Gear ______
17 Speed at HERSHEYPARK
HERSHEYPARK is all about speed. Use the track length in the important statistics section (pages 3-34) and your stop watch to calculate the speed of the following rides.
Material for this activity: Stop Watch, Calculator Formula: V = d / t
Comet
SOOPERDOOPERLOOPER
GREAT BEAR
Trailblazer
Wildcat
STORM RUNNER
LIGHTNING RACER
Use the Data Conversion Table on page 36 to find the speed in mile/hr or m/ h
18 How About a Big Kiss
Milton Hershey was born in 1857 and began manufacturing caramels in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1886. But it was not until 1907 that the now world-famous HERSHEY’S KISSES was manufactured.
The classic shape and geometric proportions of this chocolate treat is just the right subject for an integrated art and math activity.
Use the grid to transfer the drawing.
Use the grid to transfer the drawing.
19 Arboretum at HERSHEYPARK
As you enjoy your day at the park observe the plants that make HERSHEYPARK at study in plant architecture. Identify the area that you located the plants below.
Weeping Willow (Salix babylonica) ______
Dawn Redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) ______
Northern Catalpa (Catalpa speciosa) ______
Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica) ______
Ginkgo ______(Ginkgo biloba)
Eastern Hemlock ______(Tsuga Canadensis)
20 Sycamore (Plantanus occidentalis) ______
Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus) ______
Consider making your own classroom HERSHEYPARK species collection using plants within your neighborhoods.
21 Weather Conditions at HERSHEYPARK
Weather impacts our daily lives and at HERSHEYPARK weather is monitored throughout the day.
Why not monitor the weather with the meteorologist at HERSHEYPARK and then stop by the TENT and use the PASCO Weather Watcher to complete the weather chart below? (Available on Physics and Science Days only.)
Time Temperature Barometric Relative Dew Point Altitude Pressure Humidity
Next Step: Graph the different measurements over the period of the day
22 23 ZOOAMERICA
Color and label the map to represent the five areas represented within the zoo.
Explore the Zoo and complete the following.
Eastern Woodlands Number of species found in this area______
What is the human influence that has impacted this area?______
______
North Woods Number of species found in this area______
How is the habitat of this area described?______
What is the uniqueness of this area?______
Big Sky Number of species found in this area______
What geographic feature impacts the organisms in this area?______
______
Grassy Waters Number of species found in this area______
What is the origin of this name?______
24 Who Are They?
ZOOAMERICA has an excellent collection of animals from North America but just who are they. In this activity you are to select three animals from each of the areas represented and classify them.
Area Animal Mammal Fish Reptile Amphibian Bird Woodland
North Woods
Grassy Waters
Cactus Community
Big Sky Country
25 HERSHEY’S CHOCOLATE WORLD
Tropical Plants of HERSHEY’S CHOCOLATE WORLD Jungle
Take a tour of the Jungle and see how many of the rian forest plants you can located.
____Greek Vase Plant Acehmea Fasciata ____Silver Queen Aglaonema ____Shell Ginger Alpha zerumbete ____Golden Rocket Ananas comosus ____Gian SchiffleraBrassia actinophyta ____Variegated ScheffleraBrassaia arbicola ____Fishtail Palm Caryota urens ____Erupean Fan Palm Chamerops humilis ____Kafir LilyClivia miniata ____Croton Codiaeum pictum ____Coffee Tree Coffea arabica ____Ti Plant Cordyline terminalis ____Fan Plant Coryph ____Princess Palm Dichtyosperma album ____Striped Dracaena Dracaena deremensis ____Weeping Fig Ficus benjamina ____Fiddle Leaf Fig Ficus Lyatra ____Scarlet Star Guzmania magnifica ____Chinese Hibiscus Hibiscus roas-sinensis ____Ceriman Monstera deliciosa ____Banana Tree Musa xparadisica ____Blood Banana Musa zebrine ____Three Sided Palm Neodypsis decaryl ____Golden Candle Pachstachys lutea ____Alligator Pear Persea Americana ____Lacy Tree Philodendron selloum ____Malaysian Dracaenea Pleomele gracillis ____Hares Foot Fern Polypodium aureum ____Travelers Tree Ravenala cariensis ____Peace Lily Spathaphyllum ____Giant Bird of Paradise Strelitzia reginiae ____Cocao Tree Theobroma cocao ____Flaming Sward Vriesea splendens
26 HERSHEY’S CHOCOLATE WORLD
While visiting HERSHEYPARK, stop at HERSHEY’S CHOCOLATE WORLD visitors center located next to the HERSHEYPARK entrance.
Inside you will find wonderful chocolate treats, souvenirs, and best of all an informative tour ride that tells “The Story of Making Chocolate.” This riding tour will take you through the entire process from the harvesting of the cocoa bean to the wrapping of the finished product.
So sit back and enjoy the ride. Afterwards, see how many of the questions you and your friends can answer.
1. Which of the major biomes produce the cocoa bean?
2. Name the three countries where cocoa beans are produced?
3. How are the almonds harvested from the tree?
4. Name the three basic ingredients in chocolate.
5. What is the name of the mixing process that is essential to the development of the chocolate flavor?
6. How hot is the bean roaster?
7. In the making of a HERSHEY’S bar, when is the candy handled by a human?
8. What substance is pressed out of the chocolate in making cocoa powder?
9. List the forms of transportation that are required to get the beans to the HERSHEY’S factory.
10. Name as many HERSHEY’S chocolate products as you can.
You can pre-visit the ride at http://hersheys.com/chocolateworld/chocolate_tour.shtml
27 Important Statistics Carrousel English Metric Radii 25’ 7.62m Inner horse 17.5’ 5.31m Middle horse 20.5’ 6.22m Outer 23.6’ 7.16m Total ride time 2 minutes 2 minutes Single rotation time 11 seconds 11 seconds
Coal Cracker English Metric Length of flume 1529.239’ 466.1m Height of splash hill 44’ 13.41m Roundtrip time 3 minl 11 sec. 3 min. 11 sec.
Comet English Metric Height of first hill 84.2’ 25.65m Ride trip distance 2950’ 899.1m Roundtrip time 1 min 49 sec 1 min. 49 sec. Length of Train 40.0’ 12.19m
Pirate English Metric Maximum swing angle 75 degrees 75 degrees Radius swing 44.6’ 13.6m Maximum height of center of boat 44.6’ 13.6m
Sidewinder English Metric Height of hill 121.1 lift 1 36.9m 116.5 lift 2 35.48m Length of train 60’ 18.29m Total ride time 1 min. 40 sec. 1 min. 40 sec.
28 Important Statistics Trailblazer English Metric Height of hill 52’ 15.85m Average speed 175 ft./sec. 53.34m/sec. Roundtrip distance 1890’ 576m Length of Coaster 48’ 14.63m
SOOPERDOOPERLOOPER English Metric Height of hill 81’ 24.69m Height of loop 53’ 16.15m Length of train 42.6’ 1295m Average speed 22.34 ft./sec. 6.81m /s Round trip distance 2614.8’ 797m
TIDAL FORCE English Metric Height of lift 100’ 30.5m Vertical drop 100’ 30.5m
WILDCAT English Metric Length of Train 42.6’ 12.95m Round trip distance 3100’ 944.8m Vertical drop of first hill 85’ 2591m
Tilt-A-Whirl English Metric Radius 16’ 4.88m Single rotation time 11 sec. 11 sec.
GREAT BEAR English Metric Distance of track 2800’ 853.44m
29 Graph It
Use the data sheets in the back of this guide to provide your students with an opportunity to practice their graphing skills
Sample titles: Length of Coaster Train Coaster Vertical Heights Average Speeds Round Trip Distance.
30 Data conversion page.
Once you have calculated the ft/sec or the m/sec. Use the conversion chart for a quick reference to other units. ft/sec mi/hr m /sec 40 27.3 12.2 41 27.5 12.5 42 28.6 12.8 43 29.3 13.1 44 30 13.4 45 30.7 13.7 46 31.4 14 47 32.1 14.3 48 32.7 14.6 49 33.4 14.9 50 34.1 15.2 51 34.8 15.5 52 35.5 15.8 53 36.1 16.2 54 36.8 16.5 55 37.5 16.8 56 38.2 17.1 57 38.9 17.4 58 39.5 17.7 59 40.2 18 60 40.9 18.3 61 41.6 18.6 62 42.3 18.9 63 43 19.2 64 43.6 19.5 65 44.3 19.8 66 45 20.1 67 45.7 20.4 68 46.4 20.7 69 47 21 70 47.7 21.3
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