Appendix: Lawrence’s Sexuality and his Supposed ‘Fascism’

The vexed question of Lawrence’s sexuality is exacerbated by the fact that in his lifetime any published evidence was likely to be affected by the need to avoid hostile legislation. It is clear that he was sometimes attracted by other men, this being evident from the chapter in where Cyril expresses his delight in George Saxton’s ath- letic body and reflects

our love was perfect for a moment, more perfect than any love I have known since, either for man or woman.1

The sentiment is echoed in the unpublished ‘Prologue’ that formed the opening chapter to . In this he noted the fact that he was rarely attracted by women, but often by men—who in such cases belonged mainly to two groups: on the one hand some who were fair, Northern, blue-eyed, crystalline, on the other, dark and viscous. In spite of this, however, there was no admission of active homo- sexuality.2 Previously, his remarks on homosexuality were extremely hostile, as witnessed by his remarks concerning the young men who gathered round John Maynard Keynes at Cambridge and the soldiers he witnessed on the sea-front in Worthing in 1915.3 Knud Merrild, who lived close to Lawrence for the winter of 1922–3, was adamant that Lawrence showed no signs of homosexuality whatever.4 In the novel Women in Love, Birkin engages in the well-known incident of wrestling with Gerald Crich, but this appears to be the closest they get to the formation of a physical relationship. When it comes to the matter of anal intercourse, on the other hand, the evidence is different—and is often concerned with sexual activity between men and women. In the sequence initiated by ,

1 L WPA (cf. L WPC 223). ‘George’ was based on his friend Alan Chambers (though he thought George Saxton had a ‘far finer soul’ than Alan (ibid. xx). 2 In his biography of the years 1912–22, Mark Kinkead-Weekes argues against the theory that Lawrence had a homosexual relationship with William Henry Hocking in Cornwall: the whole discussion (TE 378–81) repays attention. 3 L CL II 331. 4 L Merrild 257–8.

233 234 Appendix

Ursula Brangwen, who is repelled by the lesbian approaches of her teacher, is apparently introduced to anal intercourse by her lover Rupert Birkin in Women in Love, the point being repeated when Constance Chatterley indulges in her night of passion with Oliver Mellors. When Rupert mourns the death of Gerald it seems that he is bewail- ing the loss not of a homosexual partner but of a man who might in some way have complemented what his wife was able to give him, compensating for her inability to provide him with intellectual stimu- lus. One of the problems in reading Women in Love, however, is to know exactly what Lawrence means by certain terms. It is evident that Gudrun tires of Gerald’s obtuseness and tediousness, for instance, but what is it she is gaining from encouraging Loerke’s indulgence in ‘per- versity’? Homosexuality does not come into it, it seems, but her delight in him seems to spring from participating in various games, largely of his devising, which she is enabled to regard as ‘corrupt’. The argument seems to be that in a degenerate civilization the best one can do is to play along with its corruption.5 , who may well have shown opposition to Lawrence’s advocacy of anal intercourse, as indicated by her threat to tell Lawrence’s friends about ‘your things’ in the course of one of their quarrels,6 may have talked about Lawrence to Murry during the journey they took together in 1923, in the course of which she proposed that they become lovers. If it is to be supposed that she revealed to him both Lawrence’s cultivation of anal intercourse and his current impotence, much that Murry put in his later book Son of Woman is explained, including Murry’s statement that Lawrence hated women and the suggestion that he had always suffered from impotence—an idea that Frieda vigorously denied, saying ‘I should know!’ Questions about Lawrence’s private life extended to his political sym- pathies and those of his wife. The fact that he had married a German woman related to a well-known German flying ace helped to fuel the suspicion that covertly he had strong Nazi sympathies. Such suspicions gained support when it was discovered that Frieda had copied into a notebook a passage describing how when German soldiers confronted

5 Middleton Murry, who was puzzled when Lawrence indicated that he and Katharine Mansfield were the originals of Gerald Crich and Gudrun Brangwen, was probably unaware of the ‘Prologue’ to the novel, which might have clarified matters by suggesting that his friend’s emotions towards him were affectionate rather than physical. 6 See Luhan 79. Appendix 235 their first encounter with death in the First World War their initial fear had been overcome by hearing a neighbouring company singing words with the refrain ‘Deutschland, Deutschland uber alles’. Since the passage in question was from Hitler’s Mein Kampf in an English transla- tion, and since Frieda defended that book, arguing that it was, despite assumptions to the contrary, lucid and forceful, it was not difficult to go on to accuse her of having nursed Nazi sympathies throughout the period. It was a charge that she indignantly rejected when contemporar- ies raised it; she denied even more emphatically that such views could be ascribed to her husband, though it was voiced by contemporaries such as Bertrand Russell, who claimed that Lawrence had ‘developed the whole philosophy of Fascism before the politicians thought of it’. In response to such assertions Frieda’s defence was firm:

[Lawrence] was neither a Fascist nor a Communist nor any other ‘ist’. His belief in the blood was a very different affair from the Nazi ‘Aryan’ theory for instance. It was the very opposite. It was not a theory but a living experience with Lawrence—an experience that made him love, not hate.7

7 See Frieda’s article in the Virginia Quarterly Review xvi (1940) pp. 127–9. The extract quoted, along with other relevant material, are discussed by Janet Byrne in her life of Frieda Lawrence, A Genius for Living: N.Y. Harper Collins 1995 pp. 388–90. Select Bibliography

Works by D. H. Lawrence

Aaron’s Rod, London: Secker, 1922 Apocalypse, London: Heinemann, 1931 , London: Secker, 1924 Complete Short Stories, London: Heinemann, 1955 Fantasia of the Unconscious, London: Secker, 1920 , London: Secker, 1923 Lady Chatterley’s Lover, Florence: Orioli, 1928 (first issue) Letters, ed. J. T. Boulton et al., 8 vols., Cambridge, 1979–2001 , London: Secker, 1920 , London: Secker, 1927 ‘Paul Morel’ (Cambridge Edition, first version of ) Phoenix: The Posthumous Papers, ed E. D. McDonald, London: Heinemann, 1936 Phoenix II: Uncollected, Unpublished and Other Prose Works by D. H. Lawrence, eds. Warren Roberts and Harry T. Moore, London: Heinemann, 1968 , London: Secker, 1926 The Poems, ed. Christopher Pollnitz (Cambridge Edition) 2 vols out of 3, Cambridge, 2013 Psychoanalysis and the Unconscious, London: Heinemann, 1923 ‘Quetzalcoatl’ (Cambridge Edition, first version of The Plumed Serpent) The Rainbow, London: Methuen, 1915 Sea and Sardinia, London: Secker, 1921 Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth, 1913 Studies in Classic American Literature, London: Secker, 1923 Study of and Other Essays (Cambridge Edition, ed. Bruce Steele), Cambridge, 1985 , London: Duckworth, 1912 Twilight in Italy, London: Duckworth, 1916 The White Peacock, London: Secker, 1911 Women in Love, London: Secker, 1921

D. H. Lawrence, further critical and biographical studies

Aldington, Richard, Portrait of a Genius, But . . . , London: Heinemann, 1950 Bell, Michael, D. H. Lawrence: Language and Being, Cambridge University Press, 1991 Black, Michael, D. H. Lawrence: The Early Fiction, Cambridge University Press, 1966 Brett, Dorothy, Lawrence and Brett: A Friendship (with introduction, prologue and epilogue by William Manchester) Santa Fe, New Mexico: Sunstone Press 2006

236 Select Bibliography 237

Carswell, Catherine, The Savage Pilgrimage: a Narrative of D. H. Lawrence, London: Secker, 1932 Clarke, Colin, River of Dissolution: D. H. Lawrence and English Romanticism London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1969 Daleski, H. M., The Forked Flame: A Study of D. H. Lawrence, Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987 Delavenay, Emile, D. H. Lawrence: The Man and his Work, The Formative Years, 1885–1919, London: William Heinemann, 1972 D. H. Lawrence: A Composite Biography, ed. Edward Nehls, Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 3 Volumes, 1957 A D. H. Lawrence Handbook (ed. Keith Sagar) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982 Ellis, David, D. H. Lawrence: Dying Game, 1922–1930 (The Cambridge Biography of D. H. Lawrence Volume III), Cambridge, 1998 ‘E.T.’ [Jessie Chambers], D. H. Lawrence: A Personal Record, London: Jonathan Cape, 1935 Fernihough, Anne, D. H. Lawrence: Aesthetics and Ideology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993 Hough, Graham, The Dark Sun: A Study of D. H. Lawrence, London: Duckworth, 1956 Kinkead-Weekes, Mark, D. H. Lawrence: Triumph to Exile, 1912–1922 (The Cambridge Biography of D. H. Lawrence Volume II) Cambridge, 1996 Lawrence, Frieda, (ed. E. W. Tedlock) The Memoirs and Correspondence, London: Heinemann, 1936 Leavis, F. R., D. H. Lawrence: Novelist, London: Chatto and Windus, 1955 Littlewood, J. C. F. (ed. William Sherwood), D. H. Lawrence: the Major Phase, Studies in Tradition and Renewal, Denton, Harleston: Brynmill, 2002 Luhan, Mabel Dodge, Lorenzo in Taos, London: Secker, 1933 Merrild, Knud, With D. H. Lawrence in New Mexico, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1964. (A reissue of A Poet and Two Painters, 1938) Millett, Kate, Sexual Politics, London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1971 (subsequently Virago Press 1977 etc.) Moore, Harry T., (Ed.) A D. H. Lawrence Miscellany, Carbondale, Ill., Southern Illinois University Press, 1959 Moore, Harry T., The Intelligent Heart, London: Heinemann, 1955 Moore, Harry T. The , London: Heinemann, 1974 Murry, John Middleton, Son of Woman: D. H. Lawrence, London: Jonathan Cape, 1931. Neville, George, A Memoir of D. H. Lawrence (The Betrayal) Cambridge University Press, 1981 Sagar, Keith, The Art of D. H. Lawrence, Cambridge University Press, 1966 Sagar, Keith, Life into Art, Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1985 John, Worthen, D. H. Lawrence: The Life of an Outsider, London: Allen Lane, 2005 Worthen, John, D. H. Lawrence: The Early Years, 1885–1912 (The Cambridge Biography of D. H. Lawrence Volume I) Cambridge, 1991 Index

Aaron’s Rod, 120–30 passim, 135, Boer War, 10 161n, 167 Bolton, Mrs Ivy, 190, 192, 197 Absalom, 194 Book of Revelation, 201, 202 Adelphi magazine, 220 Borrow, George, 19, 140 Albert, Prince, 14 Brangwen, Anna, (The Rainbow), 75, Alcorn (critic), 121 80, 85, 86 Alderwasley Hall, 184 Brangwen, Gudrun (Women in Love), analytic, 90 90, 95–101 passim animalism, activity, 16 Brangwen, Ursula (The Rainbow, 76, Apocalypse, 201, 202, 228 80–6 passim and Women in Arkwright, William, 184 Love, 90–101 passim) Arlen, Michael, 196 Brangwen, Will (The Rainbow), 75, 79, Arnold, Thomas, 52 80, 85, 86, 88 Asquith, Lady, 183 Brecht, Bertholt, 77 Austen, Jane, 219 Brett, Dorothy, 224 Sense and Sensibility, 92 Brewster, Achsah 132–3, 206 Australia, Chapter 10, passim Earl Henry, 132–3, 206 Brontë, Charlotte, Jane Eyre, 11 Bachofen, Jakob, 68 Buddhists, 10 Balzac, Honoré de, 11 Burgess, Anthony, 24 Barber family, 97, 184 burning bush, 43 Baudelaire, Charles Pierre, 78 Burrows, Louie, 30, 75, 78, 150 Baynes (née Thorneycroft), Rosalind, Butterfield, Sir Herbert, 219 155 Joy Marc, 219 Beardsall, Cyril (The White Peacock), Bynner, Witter, 167, 179–80, 182 204 Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 185 Beardsall, Lettie (sister), 204, 205 Beardsall, Marie, 205 Calcott, Jack (Kangaroo), 140–3 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 52 Cambridge, 2 being, 82 Canada, 4, 7 Bell, Clive, 115–17 Carlyle, Thomas, 11 Bell, Michael, 17, 35, 76, 77, 82, 85, Carswell, Catharine, 160, 218 91, 95, 97n Carter, Frederick, 202 Bernhardt, Sarah, 33 Catholicism, 67 Bible, the, 201, 202 Ceylon, 132–3 Bircumshaw, Steve, 72 n.17 Chambers family, 4, 25 Birkin, Rupert, 91, 176 Alan, 21, 232n Bismarck, Otto von, 67 ‘Cowfold’, 19 Black, Michael, 52 father, 4 Blackmur, R.P., 210 Jessica (Jessie), 4, 7, 10, 17, 18, 19, blood-consciousness, 82, 87, 85, 21, 24, 27, 29, 35–7, 140, 150, 93, 235 206, 220, 223, 229–32 Blot, A, 27 Personal Record, 229

238 Index 239

Jonathan, 37, 230 Fall of the House of Usher, 109 May, 4, 5, 7, 12, 17, 184 Fascism 129, see also Appendix Chatterley, Sir Clifford (Lady Fernihough, Anne, 115, 116 Chatterley’s Lover) 185–94 passim First World War, 106, 118 Chatterley, Constance, 185–99 passim Fitzgerald, Edward, Omar Khayyam, Chesterfield, 184, 185 8, 11 Christianity, 172, 201 Flaubert, Gustave, 9 Clarke, Colin, 91 Madame Bovary, 11 Cohen, Baruch (Rutherford), 92 fl eurs du mal (flowers of mud), 97 Coleridge, S.T., 209 Flood, the, 79 ‘This Lime-Tree Bower my Prison’, Forbes, Duncan, 188, 197 209 Ford Madox Ford, 9, 152n Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 211 Forster, E.M., 106, 118 Collings, Ernest Henry Roberts, 87, Howards End, 92 171, 173 Obituary for D.H. Lawrence, 216 ‘Connie’ see Constance Chatterley A Passage to India, 118, 219 Cooley, Ben (Kangaroo) Frankstein, Dr., 15 Corke, Helen, Chapter 4 passim Freud, Sigmund, 71 ‘Freshwater Diary’, 52, 60, 216 Cornwall, 58 Gall, Alice, 205 Cossall, 78 gambling, 69 Croydon, 48 gamekeepers, 18 Crich, Gerald (Women in Love), 91 Gardiner, Rolf, 225 Cyril (The White Peacock), 17 Garnett, Edward, 45 Garsington, 196 Dante, Alghieri, La Vita Nuova, 210 Gerard, David, 2 Darroch, Robert, 140, 146, 147 Germany, 67, 106 Darwin, Charles, 9, 11, 77 German nationalism, 14 Dawes, Baxter (Sons and Lovers) 32 Gill, Eric, Art Nonsense and Other Dawes, Clara (Sons and Lovers) 32 Essays, 193n Dax, Alice, 9, 16, 31, 34 Gladstone, W.E., 14 Dax, Henry Richard, 31, 32 Goethe, Johann von, 33 de Crèvecour, John Wilhelm Meister 74 de Sola Pinto, Vivian, 210 Golding, William, 88 Delavenay, Emile, 31 Gotzsche, K., 227 docks strike, 1889, 14 Greatham, 150 Douglas, James, 76 Great War, see First World War Dowson, William Enfield, 70 Green Hat, The, 196 Green, Martin, 69, 73, 74, 219 Eastwood, 8, 30, 185 ‘Gypsy’ Western, 34 Eden, 25 Eliot, George, 11 Haggs, the Chambers family farm, 4, Eliot, T.S., 132, 216–17, 218–19 12, 16, 25, 178 After Strange Gods, 218 Hale White, William, see also Mark The Waste Land, 132 Rutherford, 18, 92, 153 Ellis, David, 2, 160, 162, 225 Hardy, Thomas, 27 Else (sister of Frieda), 74, 222 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 112 Emily (The White Peacock), 2, 21 Heller, Gottfried, 74 English Review, 106–8, 111 Hill, Roland, 193n 240 Index

Hilton, Enid, 9 Lawrence, D.H., poems: Hinterland der Seele, 45 ‘Bavarian Gentians’ poem, 213–14 Hitler, Adolf, Mein Kampf, 235 ‘The Bride’, 207 Hocking, William Henry, 233 Collected Poems, 220, preface, 210 Holbrook, William, 7 ‘The End’, 207 Holt, Agnes, 31, 48 ‘Endless Anxiety’, 207 Hopgood, Clara, 18, 92, 106 ‘Forget’, 215 Hopkin, Willie, 31, 183, 231 ‘Hymn to Priapus’, 206–7 Hucknall, 185 ‘Hymns in a Man’s Life’, 226; Huitzilopochtli, 173 ‘Look! We Have Come Through’ Huxley, Aldous, 220, 221 poems, 210 Point Counterpoint, 220n New Poems, 208 Huxley, T.H.,11, 37 ‘Pansies’, 208 ‘Hymn to Priapus’, 206–7 ‘[The] Piano’, poem, 210–11 Purple Anemonies’ poem, 205; Ibsen, Henrik, 11 ‘Shadows’, 215 Ilkeston, 30 ‘Sleep’, 215 impersonality, 83 The Snake, 212 inner radiance, 93 ‘Song of Death’, 214 Ireland, 14, 106 Spirits summoned West’, 213 Italy, Italian, 92, 167 ‘Suspense’, 207 ‘The Virgin Mother’, 207 James, William, 11 ‘Wild Common’, poem, 210 Jefferies, Richard, 16, 17, 18, 44, 78 prose works: Jennings, Blanche, 16, 17, 205 ‘A Propos of Lady Chatterley’s Jesus, 201, 217 Lover’, 130 Jobson, Sandra, 148–9 Aaron’s Rod 120–30 passim; 135, John of Patmos, 202 161, 167 Johnson, Willard, 167 Apocalypse, 201, 202, 228 Birds, Beasts and Flowers, 209 ‘Kate Burns’, ‘Quetzalcoatl’, 172 ‘[The] Border Line’, 160, 162 ‘Kate Leslie’, Plumed Serpent, 172, 173, ‘[The] Captain’s Doll’, 153 174, 176, 177, 179, 195 ‘England, My England’, 15 Keats, John, ‘Lines to Autumn’ 207 ‘First Lady Chatterley, The’, 182 Keynes, John Maynard, 233 ‘[The] Fox’, 151, Banford and March Kinkead-Weekes, Mark, 2, 131, 172, 232 (Fox), 151 Koteliansky, S.S., 144 ‘Insurrection of Miss Houghton, Kouyoumijan, see Michael Arlen, 196 The’, 119 Krenkov, Hannah, 67 ‘Jimmy and the Desperate Woman’, Krenkow, Fritz, 67 160, 162 ‘John Thomas and Lady Jane’, 180, laboratory, University of 182 Nottingham, 44 Kangaroo, 135 and Chapter 10 pas- ‘Laetitia’, 25 sim, 167 Lahr, Charles, 220 Lady Chatterley’s Lover, 180, 182, Lavengro (Borrow), 140 183n, 203, 217, 219, 220, 221 Lawrence, Ada (Lettice Ada Lawrence, ‘[The] Ladybird’, 155–8 sister), 7, 10, 72n, 111 ‘[The] Last Laugh’, 157, 160, 162 Lawrence, Arthur John, father, 4–7, 13 Lost Girl, The, 119, 135, 219 Index 241

‘[The] Man Who Died’, 201, 203 Leivers, Miriam and her mother, 42, ‘[The] Man Who Loved Islands’, 163 see also Jessica Chambers Mornings in Mexico, 166 Lensky, Lydia (The Rainbow), 81 ‘On Coming Home’, 191 Leopardi, Giacomo, 9 Plumed Serpent, The, 158, 167, 176, Lessing, Doris, 190 179, 180 (Ramón, 169–75, Lettie (The White Peacock), 21 178, 180) Liberal Government, 77 Prussian Offi cer, The, 97 liberty, 99 Quetzalcoatl, 168–170: (Cipriano, Littlewood, J.C.F., 35 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, Lloyd Thomas, 9 175, 176, 176 Loerke (Women in Love), 104, 105 cf. The Plumed Serpent, qv 169–71 Lohengrin, Wagner, 52 Rainbow, The, 15, 74, 75, 87, 90, 97, Lost Girl, The, 119, 135 108, 118, 132, 135, 217 Lowell, Amy, 210 Reality of Peace, 106–8 Lucas, Percy, 151 ‘Reflections on the Death of a Luhan, Mabel Dodge, 165, 225 Porcupine’, 178 Lutheranism, 67 Sea and Sardinia, 135, 160 Lynd, Robert, 76 Sons and Lovers, 1, 32, 75, 76, 83 Studies in Classic American Literature, Mablethorpe, 13 205, 209 Macartney, Herbert Baldwin, 48, 49, St Maur, 158 see also Siegfried ‘Tenderness’, 182 Man and Superman (Shaw), 33 Twilight in Italy, 165 Mann, Thomas, 58 ‘[The] Virgin and the Gipsy’, 163 Mansfield, 2, 31, 185 The White Peaock, The, 9, 21, 24 Mansfield, Katherine, 98, 106, 159, 204, 205, 233 162 ‘[The] Woman Who Rode Away’ Marsh, Edward, 209, 211 158, 181 Maupassant, Guy de, 11 Women in Love, 91, 97, 106, 132, Mazzini, Giuseppi, 92 135, 158, 234–5 McLeod, A.W, 18–19 Lawrence, Emily (sister), 5 Mellors, see also Parkin, 192m 195, Lawrence family, 48 198 Lawrence, Frieda (wife), 172–3, 221–2, Meredith, George, Rhoda Fleming, 22 234, see also von Richthov, Merrild, Knud, 178, 183, 227–8, 233 Weekley Meynells, Wilfrid & Viola (‘England, Lawrence, George (brother), 5 My England’) 151 Lawrence, Lydia (mother), 34, 72 Michaelis, 196 Lawrence, Walter (uncle), 29 Michelangelesque, 210 Lawrence, Walter (cousin), 29 Millett, Kate, 158, 223 Lawrence, William Ernest Milton, John, 96 (brother), 34 Miriam, Sons and Lovers, 37, see also La Dame aux Camelias (Dumas), 33 Jessica Chambers Lea, F.A., Life of , Miriam’s Schooling (Rutherford), 161n 19, 29 ‘Lead Kindly Light’, hymn, 226 Miss May, 29 Leavis, F.R., 24, 88, 116, 129–30, Moffat, James, 201 151–2, 154–5, 158, 167, 171, Morrell, Ottoline, 183 172, 219, 220 Moses, 79 242 Index

Murry, John Middleton, 98, 106, 120, Quetzalcoatl, Chapter 12 passim 159, 160–2, 174, 217, 218 Son of Woman, 218 Radford, Frances, 31 rainbow, 86, 146 Nazism, 217, 220n, see also Fascism Rainbow, The, 15, 74, 75, 87, 90, 97, Nethermere, 25 108, 118, 132, 135, 217 Neville, George, 27, 31, 69, 71 rationalism, 89 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 9, 11, 160 Reid, Reverend Robert, 223–4 Noah, 79 religious beliefs, 67 Nonconformism, 8, 11, 17, 18, 49, 88 Renishaw, 183n Nottingham, 1, 3, 25, 30, 82 Revolution in Tanner’s Lane Nottingham Guardian, 150 (Rutherford), 19 University, 1 Robin Hood, 3 University College, 15 ‘Robin Hood’s Well’, 185 Nottinghamshire , 17, 48 Roddice, Hermione, 98, 99 coalfield, 9 Roman Catholicism, 77 Rosenthal, General Sir Charles, 140 Oedipus complex, 8 Ruskin, John, 11 ‘On Coming Home’, 191 Russell, Bertrand, 235 Orchard, Mrs, 3, 13 Russell, Dorothy, 82 organic, 1, 16, 39, 59 Russians, 11 organic form, 33 Rutherford, Mark, see also William organic life, 62 Hale White, 18 outward sight, 93 Clara Hopgood, 92 Owen, Wilfred, ‘Anthem for Doomed Rylance, Rick, 36 Youth’, 208 Ozenfant, Amédée, 228 Saga of Siegmund, The, 4 Sagar, Keith, 70 pagans, 72 n.17, 205 Sardinia, 167 Pallas Athene, 74 Sassoon, Siegfried, 208 Pankhurst family, 24 Saxton, Emily (The White Peacock), Parkin, Oliver, 186, 188, 191, 192, 37, 205 196, 198, see also Mellors Saxton, George (The White Peacock), passion, 47 21, 26, 233 ‘Paul Morel’, 28, 30, 49, 50 Scartlin Books, 184 Persephone, 194, 206 Schlegel, Margaret and Helen Personal Record (Jessie Chambers), 38 (Howards End ) 92 picaresque, 120 Schopenhauer, Arthur, 10, 11 Platonism, 90, 186, 194, 196 Shaw, George Bernard, Man and play, 105 Superman, 33 Pluto, 206 Sheffield, 25, 185, 192, 196 Poe, Edgar Alan, 112 Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 109, 130 Fall of the House of Usher, 109 Sherwood Forest, 3 Proserpine, 26, 206 shipbuilding, 67 Prussia, 67 ‘Siegmund’ and ‘Sieglinde’, 49 Prussian aristocrat, 74 Sitwell family, 183 Prussian Offi cer, The, 97 Sitwell, Osbert, 183 and n. Punch, 221 Sitwell, Sir George, 183n Puritan, 18 Skrebensky, Baron (The Rainbow) 82–4 Index 243

Somers, Harriet (Kangaroo), 142, 143, vegetative, 16, 54 145, 146, 224 Victoria, Queen, 14 Somers, Richard (Kangaroo), 136, 137, Victorianism, 86 138, 140–3, 145–6, 224 Vivas, Elias,121 Sons and Lovers, 1, 32, 75, 76, 83 von Richthofen, Frieda, 32, 70, 75, South London, 49 Virginia Quarterly Review, 234, Stacks Gate, 184 see also Lawrence, Weekley, Staveley, 184 Friedrich, father, 68, 70 Steel, Bruce, 140, 143 von Stein, 33 Steynes, Mrs, 29 Strife (Galsworthy), 52 Wagner, Richard, 9, 51 Studies in Classic American Wagnerian, 49 Literature, 205 The Ring, 51 Struthers, Willie (Kangaroo) 137 Tristan and Isolde, 51, 52, 58 Sutton Scarsdale, 184 Waldbrol, 67 Swedenborg, Emanuel, 78 ‘Warren’, the, 184 symbolism, symbolic, 77, 90 Weber, Max, 69 Weekley, Ernest, 221 Tantamount, Lucy (Aldous Huxley), 199 Weekley, Montague (Monty), 221, 222 Tempest, Leslie (The White Peacock), 205 Welbeck Abbey, 1, 3, 13 Ten Commandments, 79 White Peacock, The, 9, 21, 24, 205, 233 Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 52, 207, 228 Whitehead, A.N., 193 and n.25 Tevershall, 184 Whitman, Walt, 113–14, 208 Tewson, Bill (Lady Chatterley’s Willey, Basil, 20 Lover), 192 Williamson, Leslie, 183, 184 Thorneycroft, Rosalind (see also Women in Love, 91, 97, 106, 118 and Baynes, Godwin) Chapter 7 Trespasser, The, 50 Wordsworth, William, 86, 209 Turnell, Martin, 113 Worthen, John, 1, 2, 30, 70, 71, 121, 233n Ulster, 14, 15 Worthing, 233 Uthwaite, 184 Wragby Hall, 183n, 184