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South England ROAD BOOK Dimanche 17 juillet Rendez-vous au local 10h00 N184 CONFLANS STE HONORINE 0 D30 D30 X N184 1 D153 POISSY 10 A13 ORGEVAL 14 A13 ROUEN 88 A131 A131 X A13 124 A131 PONT DE TANCARVILLE 139 LE HAVRE 168 Embarquement 12h45 Départ Ferry 14h15 Arrivée PORTHSMOUTH 16h30 M275 PORTHSMOUTH 0 168 A27 COSHAM 4 174,5 A27 CHICHESTER 14 197 A27 WORTHING 24 235,5 A27 BRIGHTON 10 251,5 A26 LEWES 8 264,5 A26 A26 X A22 9 279 A26 UCKFIELD 3 284 B2100 CROWBOROUGH 6 293,5 ROTHERFIELD B2100 B2100 X A267 4 300 B2100 WADHORST 3,5 305 LAMBERHURST 5 313 MOUNT PLEASANT MOUNTAIN SOUS-TOTAL JOUR MILES et KMS 90,5 313 Diner au gite – achat à faire en France Lundi 18 Juillet MOUNT PLEASANT MOUNTAIN 0 0 A262 LAMBERHURST B2079 GOUDHURST 1 1,5 B2079 MARDEN 2 4,5 A229 A229 X B2079 1 6 A229 MAIDSTONE 2 9 A230 CHATHAM 5 17 ROCHESTER 3 22 Château de ROCHESTER Le site a été fortifié dès l’époque romaine. Le château normand que l’on peut voir date du XII e siècle, le donjon de 34 mètres ayant été achevé en 1127 ; il est l'un des châteaux de ce type les mieux conservés d’Angleterre. L’invention de la poudre l’a rendu obsolète. Le château est maintenant entretenu par l’ English Heritage et est ouvert au public. Le parquet dans le centre du donjon a disparu, mais beaucoup de passages et des escaliers en spirale dans l’épaisseur des murs sont encore utilisables. Des chevrons décoratifs ornent les arcades et sont encore bien visibles. Depuis l'époque victorienne, les jardins du château ont été un espace de loisirs important. Ils étaient et sont toujours lieu de promenade populaire, ils sont devenus un point central pour les festivals et concerts d'été. Cathédrale de ROCHESTER Elle fut fondée par Juste de Cantorbéry , un des missionnaires qui accompagnait Augustin de Cantorbéry pour convertir les païens anglais vers le christianisme au début du VII e siècle . Comme le premier évêque de Rochester, Juste de Cantorbéry a reçu l'autorisation par le roi Æthelbert de Kent de créer une église dédiée à saint André l’Apôtre . La cathédrale a été servie par un collège de prêtres séculiers et a été dotée en terres près de la ville appelée Priestfield. En 1130 la cathédrale fut consacrée par l' archevêque de Canterbury , assistée par treize évêques, en présence de Henri Ier d'Angleterre , mais l'occasion a été marquée par un grand incendie qui a presque détruit toute la ville et a endommagé la nouvelle cathédrale. Elle a de nouveau été gravement endommagée par les incendies en 1137 et 1179 . Elle a été pillée en 1215 par les forces du roi Jean d'Angleterre et de nouveau en 1264 par Simon de Montfort , au cours des sièges de la ville et de son château. Outre la châsse de saint Paulin d'York , la cathédrale contient les reliques de saint Ithamar de Rochester , le premier Saxon à être consacré évêque, et de saint Guillaume de Perth, un pèlerin écossais assassiné. En 1201 , les offrandes au tombeau de saint Guillaume ont été si grandes, que par leur ampleur, le chœur a été reconstruit et la tour centrale a été ajouté (1343), complétant ainsi la cathédrale. La cathédrale a subi une forte baisse d'influence après la Dissolution des monastères au XVI e siècle , période pendant laquelle ses biens ont été confisqués par la Couronne. Elle est devenue vétuste et mal famés. Samuel Pepys , le chroniqueur, l'a décrite comme un lieu "médiocre". Elle a subi plusieurs restaurations au XIX e siècle les principaux ouvrages ont été réalisés par Lewis Nockalls Cottingham 1824 à 1830 suivie par Sir George Gilbert Scott, qui a assumé la tâche en 1872. La rénovation de la cathédrale l'a ramenée à un fac-similé raisonnable de son état lors du XI e siècle . Le bâtiment actuel, construit en pierre de Caen , est largement considéré comme l'une des plus belles cathédrales normandes du pays, avec une porte particulièrement fine à son entrée occidentale. Le tympan représente le Christ assis dans la gloire dans le centre, avec Juste de Cantorbéry et Æthelbert de Kent qui l'accompagnent sur chaque côté de la porte. CHATHAM Dockyard 15,5£ Chatham Dockyard est l'exemple suprême d'un arsenal Royal largement inchangé depuis l'âge de la voile, à une époque où la Royal Navy était joué un rôle déterminant dans l'influence internationale de la Grande-Bretagne, et lorsque, avant le plein impact de la révolution industrielle, chantiers navals étaient les plus grands centres industriels en Europe. L'arsenal contenait toutes les installations nécessaires pour construire, réparer, entretenir et équiper les navires de la flotte et a été complété par les installations pour l'Ordnance Board, responsable de la fourniture d'armes à feu, de munitions et de poudre de la marine et l'armée. A proximité étaient casernes pour l'armée et les marines et autour de l'arsenal a grandi le village de Brompton, desservant cette concentration majeure du personnel militaire. Installations telles que les chantiers étaient considérées comme vulnérables à une attaque par terre ou par mer. C'est pourquoi à diverses périodes Chatham a fourni des fortifications permanentes. Sur les hauteurs à l'est de l'artillerie continu de l'arsenal fortifications ont été fournies dans le milieu du 1er siècle, appelé les lignes de Brompton, avec une concentration de canons et de troupes à Fort Amherst, surplombant la ville de Chatham et de contrôler l'accès à la zone militaire de l'arsenal, caserne et ordonnance quai. Le Site de patrimoine mondial proposé se concentre sur le 1xth et le début du XIXe siècle à l'arsenal et exclut l'extension du XIXe siècle plus tard pour la marine à vapeur. Il comprend le site du quai Ordnance Board, de qui restent quelques bâtiments et, comme une valeur aberrante, le château de Upnor, construit en la 559-67 pour défendre l'arsenal et utilisé au 1er siècle comme le principal magazine de poudre à Chatham. Il inclut également le site de la caserne d'infanterie (maintenant appelé caserne de Kitchener) de c 1750-80 et le site de la caserne des Royal Marines de c 1780. Cependant, la plus importante caserne survivante à Chatham est celles construites par l'Ordnance Board comme le Brompton casernes d'artillerie, achevé à grande échelle en 1806 et faisant maintenant le Royal QG d'ingénieurs comme l'école du génie militaire. Le village de Brompton a servi à la caserne et est inclus dans le Site de patrimoine mondial proposé pour sa fine 1er siècle maisons et autres bâtiments historiques qui dessert une fonction sociale pour le grand nombre de militaires. Tous ces sites, à l'exception de Upnor, ont été défendus par les lignes de Brompton, dont la construction fut le premier a commencé ses c 1756 par Royal Engineers, comme les fortifications de la terre et plus tard construit en brique. Ces continuent à développer dans le XIXe siècle jusqu'en 1870 quand un anneau de périmètre de forts fut construit pour les remplacer. Le Site de patrimoine mondial proposé comprend non seulement les lignes eux-mêmes, mais également l'ancien ouvre les champs de tir à l'est, connu comme les grandes lignes. L'extrémité nord des lignes a été érodée par la construction de l'extension du XIXe siècle à l'arsenal, mais elles sont continues par le biais de la caserne de Brompton et s'étend vers le sud pour rejoindre la rivière Medway au site du quai ordnance ancien. Cette extrémité sud est collectivement appelée Fort Amherst, un complexe majeur des positions des armes à feu, des magazines, des casernes et des tunnels contrôlé l'accès dans la zone militaire de gates gardés à ponts au-dessus un fossé profond barrière. Limites la limite ouest suit la rive ouest du fleuve Medway, face à l'arsenal appropriée. Il s'ensuit alors la ligne de la paroi de l'arsenal maintenant perdus du XVIIIe siècle sur une ligne divisant l'arsenal au début du milieu du XIXe siècle l'extension de l'île de St Mary. La frontière prend alors dans le HMS Pembroke (caserne du début du XXe siècle navale) avant de rejoindre l'extrémité nord des lignes de Brompton. Il coule alors environ due au sud suite à la division entre la zone urbanisée et le terrain ouvert qui représente le champ de tir des moyens de défense. À l'hôpital de Medway la limite tourne vers le Nord Ouest exécutant le long du bord de l'espace libre des grandes lignes comme il surplombe Chatham approprié et y compris le Mémorial de guerre navale. Puis, il prend dans les jardins de hôtel de ville et traverse la route militaire d'embrasser l'espace largement ouvert adjacent à l'ancien Yard Ordnance à l'extrémité sud des lignes de Brompton. La limite rejoint ensuite la rivière. Cette frontière reflète l'importance historique de la présence militaire à Chatham délimitée par les lignes de Brompton. La majorité des terres englobait donc est reprise avec sites directement liés à la présence de l'arsenal, mais comprend également des zones importantes de réaménagement, tels que le quartier général de la Lloyds et du logement modern, tels qu'entourant le cœur historique de Brompton. Les zones-du nouveau développement ne sont pas eux-mêmes méritants du statut de Site du patrimoine mondial et sont inclus uniquement pour l'exhaustivité. À Upnor, la frontière est dessinée pour inclure le château approprié et le bloc de la caserne de 1719 mais pas le reste du village historique.
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