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Practical Astronomy with Your Calculator Or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More Information Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet Fourth Edition Now in its fourth edition, this highly regarded book is ideal for those who wish to solve a variety of prac- tical and recreational problems in astronomy using a scientific calculator or spreadsheet. Updated and extended, this new edition shows you how to use spreadsheets to predict, with greater accuracy, solar and lunar eclipses, the positions of the planets, and the times of sunrise and sunset. With clear, easy-to-follow instructions, shown along- side worked examples, this handbook is essential for anyone wanting to make astronomical calculations for themselves. It can be enjoyed by anyone inter- ested in astronomy, and will be a useful tool for software writers and students studying introductory astronomy. • Gives easy-to-understand, simplified methods for use with a pocket calculator. • Covers orbits, transformations and general celes- tial phenomena, for use anywhere, worldwide. • High-precision spreadsheet methods for greater accuracy are available at www.cambridge.org/practicalastronomy. Peter Duffett-Smith is a physicist by training and a radio astronomer by trade. He is a Reader in Experimen- tal Radio Physics at the Cavendish Laboratory, Uni- versity of Cambridge, and is a Fellow of Downing College, Cambridge and of the Royal Astronomical Society. Jonathan Zwart is a Postdoctoral Research Scientist at the Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory in New York, and a co-founder and former editor of Cambridge’s science magazine, BlueSci. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith Downing College, Cambridge Jonathan Zwart Columbia University in the City of New York © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521146548 © Cambridge University Press 1979, 1982, 1989 © Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart 2011 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1979 Second edition 1982 Third edition 1989 Fourth edition 2011 4th printing 2015 Printed in the United Kingdom by Clays, St Ives plc. A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Duffett-Smith, Peter. Practical astronomy with your calculator or spreadsheet / Peter Duffett-Smith, Jonathan Zwart. – 4th ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: Practical astronomy with your calculator / Peter Duffett-Smith. 3rd ed. 1988. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-521-14654-8 (pbk.) 1. Astronomy – Problems, exercises, etc. 2. Calculators – Problems, exercises, etc. 3. Electronic spreadsheets in education. I. Zwart, Jonathan. II. Duffett-Smith, Peter. Practical astronomy with your calculator. III. Title. QB62.5.D83 2011 520.76 – dc22 2010041671 ISBN 978-0-521-14654-8 Paperback Additional resources for this publication at www.cambridge.org/practicalastronomy Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information To our friends and colleagues at MRAO © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information Contents Preface to the fourth edition page xi About this book and how to use it xiii A word about spreadsheets – what are they? xv The layout of spreadsheets in this book xviii Calculations involving multiple sheets xix Using our own functions xxi Time 1 1 Calendars 2 2 The date of Easter 3 3 Converting the date to the day number 6 4 Julian dates 8 5 Converting the Julian date to the Greenwich calendar date 11 6 Finding the name of the day of the week 12 7 Converting hours, minutes and seconds to decimal hours 14 8 Converting decimal hours to hours, minutes and seconds 15 9 Converting the local time to universal time (UT) 16 10 Converting UT and Greenwich calendar date to local time and date 20 11 Sidereal time (ST) 22 12 Conversion of UT to Greenwich sidereal time (GST) 23 13 Conversion of GST to UT 24 14 Local sidereal time (LST) 27 15 Converting LST to GST 28 16 Ephemeris time (ET) and terrestrial time (TT) 30 Coordinate systems 33 17 Horizon coordinates 34 18 Equatorial coordinates 35 19 Ecliptic coordinates 37 20 Galactic coordinates 38 21 Converting between decimal degrees and degrees, minutes and seconds 39 22 Converting between angles expressed in degrees and angles expressed in hours 41 23 Converting between one coordinate system and another 42 vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information viii Contents 24 Converting between right ascension and hour angle 43 25 Equatorial to horizon coordinate conversion 47 26 Horizon to equatorial coordinate conversion 49 27 Ecliptic to equatorial coordinate conversion 51 28 Equatorial to ecliptic coordinate conversion 55 29 Equatorial to galactic coordinate conversion 56 30 Galactic to equatorial coordinate conversion 58 31 Generalised coordinate transformations 60 32 The angle between two celestial objects 66 33 Rising and setting 67 34 Precession 71 35 Nutation 76 36 Aberration 78 37 Refraction 80 38 Geocentric parallax and the figure of the Earth 83 39 Calculating corrections for parallax 85 40 Heliographic coordinates 88 41 Carrington rotation numbers 94 42 Selenographic coordinates 95 43 Atmospheric extinction 99 The Sun 101 44 Orbits 102 45 The apparent orbit of the Sun 103 46 Calculating the position of the Sun 103 47 Calculating orbits more precisely 107 48 Calculating the Sun’s distance and angular size 110 49 Sunrise and sunset 112 50 Twilight 114 51 The equation of time 116 52 Solar elongations 118 The planets, comets and binary stars 119 53 The planetary orbits 120 54 Calculating the coordinates of a planet 121 55 Finding the approximate positions of the planets 131 56 Perturbations in a planet’s orbit 132 57 The distance, light-travel time and angular size of a planet 136 58 The phases of the planets 137 59 The position-angle of the bright limb 138 60 The apparent brightness of a planet 140 61 Comets 143 62 Parabolic orbits 151 63 Binary-star orbits 155 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information Contents ix The Moon and eclipses 161 64 The Moon’s orbit 162 65 Calculating the Moon’s position 164 66 The Moon’s hourly motions 170 67 The phases of the Moon 171 68 The position-angle of the Moon’s bright limb 175 69 The Moon’s distance, angular size and horizontal parallax 176 70 Moonrise and moonset 178 71 Eclipses 181 72 The ‘rules’ of eclipses 183 73 Calculating a lunar eclipse 184 74 Calculating a solar eclipse 190 75 The Astronomical Calendar 194 Glossary of terms 197 Symbols and abbreviations 205 Bibliography 208 A useful website 209 Index 210 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-14654-8 - Practical Astronomy with your Calculator or Spreadsheet: Fourth Edition Peter Duffett-Smith and Jonathan Zwart Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge
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