of and his guests in the region of Atholl in 1532. in Atholl of region the in guests his and Scotland of from 1528 onwards meant that English foreign policy was driven by his domestic concerns. domestic his by driven was policy foreign English that meant onwards 1528 from century, and his marriage to Anne Boleyn was planned in order to achieve this. The king’s desire for his divorce previous the of wars civil the of repetition a of fear a by part in driven was own his of son a by succeeded be to 9 11 10 Cameron (seenote5),p.60. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Tournai. of city the attacking France, of invasion an in engaged time the at Europe. dynastic occasions is a well-recognised feature of medieval and renaissance culture in Scotland, as elsewhere in The erection of structures of a temporary nature related to royal palaces and designed for specific diplomatic and Marilyn Brown Atholl in1532 A PalaceDesignedforDiplomacy: opposed by Charles V who, to a large extent, controlled the Papacy following the Sack of Rome five years earlier. was a particular problem in the area of the Scottish Borders with England. with Borders Scottish the of area the in problem particular a was degree successful in re-establishing the authority of the Crown and respect for law across Scotland, where there reign following his emancipation from the regency of the earl of Angus in 1528 James had been to a considerable centuries had maintained this link. this maintained had centuries of Scotland, son of his elder sister Margaret who had been married to James IV. James to married been had who Margaret sister elder his of son Scotland, of V James nephew, his was throne English the to heir male next The Tudor. Mary Queen later daughter, only an had he whom by V, Charles of aunt and Spain of Isabella and Ferdinand of daughter youngest Catherine, wife, English forces of Henry VIII, his brother-in-law, in support of the King of France, Louis XII. the against fought been had This Flodden. of battle the at IV, James father, his of death the following one of age VIII, king of England. It has been written that ‘throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the chief the centuries Henry seventeenth and for sixteenth all international the events either above are, or ‘throughout flow from, marriages’. and, that written I, been Francis has France, It of England. king of king the VIII, for V, Charles Emperor, Roman Holy the for family, powers, particularlyEngland,anxioustosupportdissidentmagnatesinthemoreremote regionsofthecountry. in the domestic sphere cannot be separated from the position of Scotland on the international stage with foreign of FrancoisI,anddespitevariousotherproposals,thiswasalwayshispreferredchoice. Scottish Treaty of Rouen in 1517 had included a provision that James would marry a French princess, a daughter James V was looking for a bride who would provide him with an heir and preferably a large dowry. The Franco-

W Loades, David C. Patric John R.Seeley Cameron, Jamie Cruikshank, Charles Macdougall, Norman , Edinburgh1899 andtranslatedbyJohnBellenden Hector Boece acontinuationofthechronicles writtenby LindsayofPitscottie.Being zeir/writtenandcollectedbyRobert thousande fyvehundreiththriescoirfyftein Robert Linds Edinburgh2005,pp.184−194. 1528–1542, ofJamesVScotland, Majestie: thecourt 1,pp.1–21–Andrea Thomas,Mary’s Princelie 1990, HistoricalReview69, Triumph: Scottish CelebrationsatStirlinginDecember 1566, theBaptismal 202 –LouiseO.Fradenburg,City, Marriage,Tournament: Wisconsin pp.172–191 ofRuleinLateMedievalScotland, 1991, Arts –Michael Lynch, Queen ai-hrs Flanagan, Marie-Therese 143,2014, (340−341). ofAntiquaries ofScotland the Society pp.339–362  Elizabeth B illiam S.Maltby, –NewYork The reignofCharlesV,Basingstoke 2002,pp.36−37; Loades(seenote8),pp.196−197. Scotland and France were traditional allies against England, and various treaties over the previous two previous the over treaties various and England, against allies traditional were France and Scotland 1532 was a very active year for European diplomacy, for the Pope, Clement VII, a member of the Medici the of member a VII, Clement Pope, the for diplomacy, European for year active very a was 1532 1 Few were as temporary or as individual as the palace of green timber which was erected for James V James for erected was which timber green of palace the as individual as or temporary as were Few , Lanham – London 1996, p.23. , Lanham–London1996, andJamesV, 1528−1542 HenryVIII k Hotle,Thorns andThistles: DiplomacyBetween onner, war andantiquarianism:SirAlan StewartofDarnley, Inheritance, 2 ay ofPitscottie,editedbyAe.J.G.Mackay, fromtheslauchter The ofKingJamestheFirsttoane historieandcroniclesofScotland , The ofBritishPolicy. Growth I,p.32. AnHistoricalEssay,Cambridge1895, , Stroud2013, pp.196−210;Henry VIII Hotle(see note 7),p.14. 1990, pp.50–52. Edinburgh1990, pp.70−92 JamesV-VII, –Gordon Donaldson,Scotland: James V:thepersonalrule,EastLinton1998, The English Occupation ofTournaiThe EnglishOccupation , Oxford1971, pp.6−12. Edinburgh 1989, pp.248–276.James IV, Edinburgh1989, Irish society Oxford 1989, pp. 194, pp.194, century,, Anglo-Normansettlers,AngevinkingshipinteractionsinIreland inthelatetwelfth Oxford1989, 11 The interests of the Empire were frequently opposed to those of France in France of those to opposed frequently were Empire the of interests The . 6 Henry was making his final attempts to divorce his first 2 [Fig. 1] James had become king of Scots in 1513 at the at 1513 in Scots of king become had James 1] [Fig. nd seigneur d’Aubigny et de Concressault 1429−37, seigneurd’Aubigny etdeConcressault Proceedingsof 5 The maintenance of royal authority royal of maintenance The 4 During the years of his personal his of years the During 7 Henry’s overwhelming desire overwhelming Henry’s 10 3 Henry himself was 8 The divorce was divorce The 9

62 Looking for Leissure which were taking place in England. changes ecclesiastical of kind the avert to desire strong a from also but Justice, of College instituted newly the in April 1532. The Pope granted James extensive rights of taxation over the Scottish church ostensibly to pay for the EnglishandpromisesofdespatchmunitionscausedconcernonBorders andinLondon. 1532. May in Scotland to came and 1522, since England in nuncio as served having experience, diplomatic extensive which may have been attended by both papal and imperial envoys. The papal ambassador, Sylvester Darius, had Madeleine, the elder daughter of Francois I, in 1537. Emperor, while preserving his links with France, where he wished to find a bride, andhis wheredivorce Henry hewas maintaining eventuallyclose relations married with France and James was growing closer to the Pope and the trying to apply pressure by encouraging rebels in outlying parts of his kingdom. his of parts outlying more the in rebels encouraging by pressure apply to trying fine words until English affairs, that is the progress or otherwise of Henry VIII’s divorce, were more clearly more were divorce, VIII’s Henry of understood. otherwise or progress with the him is entertaining that Scotland, affairs, English of until Protector words Ravenna, fine of Cardinal the to that written negotiators be imperial should the letter by gracious given a instructions example, for with, alliances, other of state current the on was a considerable amount of pretence in all these discussions about marriages and they were always dependent of Albany. de Medici, the niece of both Pope Clement VII and, by marriage, of James’ nearest male heir, John Stewart, Duke V’s Charles Hungary, of Mary VIII; sister; Christiana or Henry Dorothea, daughters of of the deposed king of daughter Denmark and nieces Tudor, of Charles V; and Mary Catherine including James, for proposed been had princesses Various Burgundy. of Good the Philip of relative female marriageable nearest the Gueldres, of Mary was grandmother great his and Denmark of I Christian of daughter elder the grandmother, his 3], [Fig. England of VII Henry of daughter elder the was mother James’ Europe. in kings other the of equal the descent royal long their with themselves considered The and Europe 2] Northern [Fig. of houses light. royal impressive the across and married individual had kings an Scottish in Scotland, off show to decided he prestige his establishing 15 24 22 21 20 19 18 16 14 12 23 17 13 close. been always had Countries Low the and Burgundy with relations Scotland’s but century, sixteenth the was rejected, one, with the elder daughter of Christian of Denmark, was encouraged by the Emperor. James’ Emperor. the by encouraged envoy, was the herald and poet, Denmark, David Lindsay, brought back of portraits of both Danish Christian princesses to Scotland. of daughter elder the with one, rejected, was the Regents of the Netherlands were rapidly concluded and, while a proposal of marriage with Mary of Hungary of his status provided by the award of knighthood in prestigious chivalric orders. chivalric prestigious in knighthood of award the by provided status his of rule and the alliance with France by sending raiders and encouraging disorder in the Borders and the west of west Scotland. the and Borders the in disorder encouraging and raiders sending by France with alliance the and rule James’ destabilise to attempts to and policy, in changes short-term various to led divorce the for desire Henry’s to the Order of the Golden Fleece in April 1532. April in Fleece Golden the of Order the to to conciliate him. wished and conciliate nephew to his with meeting personal a arrange to trying was monarch that when 1535 in VIII Henry

  Donaldson (seenote5),pp.5 oet Knecht, Robert Hotle (seenote 7),pp.8 Cameron Andrea T L Calendar ofStatePapersSpanish Hadley W Cameron (seenote5),pp.6 (125). Leuven 2000,pp.125–140 , – A.MacDonaldS.L.Mapstone(eds.),Apalaceinthewild:essaysonvernacularcultureandhumanism inlate-medievalandRenaissanceScotland Hotle (seenote7),pp.42−43;JanetHadleyW Hotle (seenote7),p.4 nrw Godfrey, Andrew Ferguson, William Richard Vaughan, London1970, pp. 111,243. , V, no.443. editedbyJamesGairdner,, HenryVIII London 1880, etters andPapersForeign Domestic 16 James, at twenty years old, found himself courted by France, the Emperor and the Pope with Henry VIII Henry with Pope the and Emperor the France, by courted himself found old, years twenty at James, In common with other European monarchs with their desire for honour, James welcomed the recognition the welcomed James honour, for desire their with monarchs European other with common In

13 18 illiams (seenote14),131−132. There was intense diplomatic activity between the different monarchs. In the interests of forwarding In 1531 negotiations for the renewal of the Hundred Years Mercantile Treaty with Charles V through 20 Letters to the Scottish king carrying word that the treaty had been concluded were intercepted by The RiseandFall ofRenaissanceFrance 1483−1610, Oxford2001, –Loades (seenote8),pp.61−62 –Maltby(seenote9),p.29. p.90 Brill 2009, pp. 126, 130, 131; Hotle(seenote7),pp.47. pp.126,130, Brill2009, Court, theoriginsofaCentral Civil JusticeinRenaissanceScotland: Scotland’s Relations with England: a Survey to1707, RelationswithEngland:aSurvey Scotland’s p.57. Edinburgh1994, , Edinburgh2005, pp.205−210. 1528−1542 ofJamesVScotland, homas, PrincelieMajestie: The Court 24 Francois I made James a member of the Order of St Michael in 1536 as an element in the in element an as 1536 in Michael St of Order the of member a James made I Francois 8. 4−85 –Cameron (seenote5),p.287. 0, 151. 0−52. , edited by Pascual de Gayingos, London 1882, Volume, editedbyPascualdeGayingos, London1882, 4,Part2,no.115. 15 illiams, Ofofficarisservingthysenyeorie:’s diplomaticletterof1531,in:L.A.J.R.Houwen James presided over the inauguration of the College in May 1532, an event 23 He was subsequently admitted to the by Garter the of Order the to admitted subsequently was He 14 Charles V admitted James to the Order of the Golden Fleece 22 Charles V admitted James admitted V Charles 17 As an element in element an As 21 19 There 12

63 Looking for Leissure built forJameswhenanewceremonialapproachtothepalacewasconstructed. Palace to gateway outer the forms which arch triumphal the above carvings the in celebrated were of arranging a marriage with one of their daughters. The king was understandably annoyed at the deception. gardens. in envoys receiving the as recorded is at daughter, V’s James Scots, annoyed of Queen Mary understandably was king The daughters. their of one with intention marriage serious a no arranging had of Monarchs Catholic the that indicating Scotland reached had despatches and France the EarlofArranwhowasgovernororregentScotlandforinfantMaryQueen Scots: is a vivid description by the English ambassador from Henry VIII, , of his reception in March 1543 by There problems. their had also meetings Such meetings. terminating for excuse useful a provide could weather the said; was what hear and necessarily not but court envoys, foreign the with monarch the of of meeting the members see could council secrecy; without privacy of degree a provided gardens practice: this for advanced 28 33 32 31 30 29 homas (seenote1),p.207. 27 26 25 negotiations for a French marriage. in Scotland in which the Catholic Monarchs regretted their treatment by the king during an interview in the in interview an during 1496. of winter the king in garden the by treatment their regretted Monarchs Catholic the which in Scotland in Isabella of Spain. The tenor of this meeting emerges in a letter from Ferdinand and Isabella to their ambassadors and Ferdinand of envoys the met had IV James that Stirling at garden this in was It castle. the within garden the At purposes. specific serve could gardens to adjacent immediately lay which IV, palace James father, his for built House, King’s in the inhabit would James Stirling meetings outdoor of use the resident, was James where still tocome. the east wing of Falkland where the royal apartments were situated. Major works at Linlithgow and Stirling were on made progress considerable and Holyrood at king the for tower residential the on completed been had work 1532 late By Edinburgh. in Holyrood and Palace , Falkland to made were additions major and ground. The event derived its name from the magnificence of the materials used for the tents, pavilions and pavilions tents, the for used materials the of magnificence the from name its derived event The ground. such as the blessed cap and sword awarded to the king in 1536. in king the to awarded sword and cap blessed the as such monarchy in Scotland and Europe, including the remaking of the crown jewels and symbolic gifts from the Pope, and extending his four major palaces and introducing Renaissance elements into their decoration. around his residences were also maintained and developed. and maintained also were residences his around for competitive display. It took place near Guisnes to the south of Calais between the seventh and twentieth and seventh 1520. in the June between of Calais of south the to Guisnes near place took It display. competitive for occasion the become have to seems but treaty, non-aggression a repair to designed was It 5] [Fig. Gold. of Cloth the of Field the as known became which France of Francois and VIII Henry between meeting the probably was often took place on the borders of two countries or territories. The most relevant precedent for the hunt in Atholl alliance withFranceandthemarriageofMary totheDauphin.

 

on Dunbar, John L nra Thomas, Andrea K Calendar ofState Papers,ForeignS Brown, Marilyn T T Macdougall (seenote3),pp.121−122. etters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII, ed.byJamesGairdner andR.H.Brodie,London 1901, Volume 18,Part1,no.305. ofthe reignofHenryVIII, etters andPapers, ForeignandDomestic, homas (seenote1),pp.207−209. 90 –Loades(see note8),pp.112−114. −90 necht (seenote 22),pp.89 hl te oml eetos f masdr wud ae lc i te rsne hmes f h palace the of Chambers Presence the in place take would ambassadors of receptions formal the While James V had a considerable interest in other forms of ceremonial which would enhance the status of the of status the enhance would which ceremonial of forms other in interest considerable a had V James eprr bidns o dpoai meig o atmt t arne tet wr nt nomn and uncommon not were treaty a arrange to attempts or meetings diplomatic for buildings Temporary an towards moving were Scots the while VI, Edward future the son, his to Mary marry to wanted Henry with me,orelsetotakecounselbeforeheentredfurtherme.’ communed have secretly might he where place, another in me had have [wanted] fain would he either that me, to seemed it as him, near so pressed which him, about gentlemen and noblemen of company great a was There letters… majesty’s your him unto delivered and Holyrood-house ‘Upon my arrival I repaired forthwith to the govenour whom I found in a garden at the palace of The Scottish RoyalThe Palaces:The Scottish Architecture oftheRoyal ResidencesintheLateMedieval andEarlyRenaissancePeriods,Edinburgh1999. LostScotland’s Palaces,Edinburgh2012, Gardens:From theGardenofEdentoStewart pp.76−83. , Edinburgh2013,Glory andHonour:The RenaissanceinScotland p.186. 33 Calais was an English possession before 1558, so the meeting was on the margins of English of margins the on was meeting the so 1558, before possession English an was Calais 30 ed. by Joseph Stevenson, London 1866, Volume ed.byJosephStevenson, London1866, 4,no.777.eries, ofthereign ofElizabeth1561−2, Ferdinand and Isabella had been trying to detach James IV from his alliance with alliance his from IV James detach to trying been had Isabella and Ferdinand 25 These honours, along with the armorial of James’ own , 29 In his reign the palace in was built was Castle Stirling in palace the reign his In 27 He was an extremely active builder, altering builder, active extremely an was He 32

26 [Fig.4] 31 Various reasons can be can reasons Various 28 The gardens

64 Looking for Leissure ay (seenote2), pp.335−338. 35 34 event. the after years forty was given by the not always accurate chronicler, Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie, probably writing in the 1570s, some great great grandmother, Jane Beaufort, a member of the English royal family. The detailed account of the event until the following May. James’ host in Atholl was his cousin, John Stewart, Earl of Atholl; they shared a common would have become more obvious, although Henry did not have his daughter, Mary Tudor, declared illegitimate when Henry had ended his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, Margaret’s position as a presumptive heir to England provided an occasion for display. James was accompanied by his mother, Henry VIII’s sister. At this point companion, in his 1532, and Darius Sylvester envoys, papal by visit the of occasion The it. over control his and country his of characters different the demonstrate to opportunity the took James clothes. different wore who speakers country was divided in two parts, the south inhabited by English speaking civil Scots and the north by wild Gaelic other rulers’ spectacles, such as the entry of Charles V into Brussels in 1549. It was generally recognised that the in celebrated was this and kings independent of line long its for honoured was Scotland different. and distinct the European stage. The events of 1532 gave him an opportunity to present his country and himself as something France, particularly after the mismanagement of his minority. At the age of twenty, he wished to make his mark on a commonRenaissanceculture,renownedacrossEurope. in participation their demonstrated monarchs two the that is event the of assessment positive more a but years, two within war at were they monarchs: the of meeting the from emerged value practical of Little monarch. a of attribute important an magnificence, of spectacle a provided tournaments and feasting its with Gold of Cloth of formal meeting between Henry VIII and Francois I took place in the rich tent at the centre background. The Field palace were the King’s golden dining tent and the ovens and tents in which the King’s meals were prepared. The was decorated with sculpture. Two fountains in front of the palace provided wine and beer. Behind the temporary Netherlands, presumablyare-exportfromsomewherefurthernorth.Thewindowswereofglassandthefacade the from imported timber of was framework The structure. solid a like look to painted canvas of made roof and thousand six by walls the with foundations brick on occasion set was It party. royal the the of ahead on sent Flanders and for England from men erected specially palace, a foreground hand right the in shows It kings. two the of meeting the during place took that festivities various the for setting the of picture visual accurate fairly a provide to believed are 405794) (RCIN Collections Royal the in painting a and records the and magnificence other furnishings which the kings brought with them to form temporary palaces. It was a spectacle of the greatest for two carriage horses to transport the king’s bed and other possessions to the hunt in Atholl. wardrobe king’s the of Crichton David to payment a of 1532 September of day fifth the for Accounts Treasurers’ palace asafairmeadow.Hewrites: provided accommodation for the royal party if it had been wanted. Pitscottie describes the site of the temporary the north-west of the Earl of Atholl’s castle at Blair. The earl had enlarged his castle about 1530 and it could have to valley narrow impressive an Tilt, Glen in location a suggests place took hunt the where Chruinn-bhalgeinn, Coire Beinn and Mhor Iutharn Beinn Ghlo, Beinn mountains, the of names The Highlands. the in Atholl in hunt went from Perth, where there was a royal lodging, with his mother and the papal ambassador to 

A Linds ccounts oftheLord High Treasurer (=TA ofScotland James V was neither geographically or financially in a position to compete with the kings of England and England of kings the with compete to position a in financially or geographically neither was V James cherittis, witht prattis, medwartis and flouris. Then no man knew quhairon he zeid bot as he as bot zeid he quhairon knew man no Then flouris. and medwartis prattis, witht cherittis, greine witht laid fluir the ; hight house thrie of space the iestit and loftit was quhilk blokhouse was quhilk abone, ane bene had it as round greit ane and thairof nuike and quarter everie and quarteris foure wnder in fesnitt batht grein war that birkis witht wond tymmer greine of palice Spaine ffor thair and huntting and Itallie pastyme quhilk France, was buildit Ingland in the in midis of ben ane fair had medow ane they faire as ludgit honourabill war they quhair ambassadour the to and mother his to and king the to palice curieous ane mak gart Atholl of Earle nobill this say hard I ffor thing no wantit He Edinburgh. in palice awin his in bene had he as estaitt his to pertening to ane prince, that he was as weill servitt and eassit witht all thingis necessar pertening ‘The Earle of Atholl heirand of the kingis coming maid ane great provisioun ffor him in all thingis 34 The existence of the hunting party is confirmed by the contemporary entry in the in entry contemporary the by confirmed is party hunting the of existence The ) VI,ed.byThomas Paul,Edinburgh1877, Dickson andSirJames Balfour p.103. 35 [Fig. 6] The king

65 Looking for Leissure or those unfamiliarwith Scottishorthography, Language (www.dsl.ac.uk) theonline Dictionary oftheScottish maybe consulted. 36 tosn pud a a. h dtie lss f h fo ad ie poie mgt ugs smtig about something suggest might provided wines and food the Lindsay’s source for the of account. Much information is lists given about the numbers detailed and kinds of The animals slain during day. a pounds thousand a been have to supposed was Atholl of Earl the to cost the and lacking was nothing town, any from miles twenty than more was site the Although banquet. the prepare to confectioners and bakers cooks, stewards, were There palace. own king’s the in been have might it as order proper the in was everything that so linen and ware table green turf and with rushes, meadowsweet and flowers, so with that it laid seemed was like afloor garden.The There wassilk. costlyof bedding, arrases and tapestries with hung was palace the Inside, glass. of were windows There werefourrangeswitharoundtower ateachcornerlikeablockhouse.Itstoodthreestoreyshighandthe timber. of portcullis great a and drawbridge a with towers round two by flanked was entrance The banquet. the (5 foot for ready sixteen eels and pikes and perch, trout, salmon, metres) as such fish (10 freshwater keeping for across used was which deep foot metres) thirty moat a by the surrounded of was castles It Highlands. green the the of of folk fairy reminiscent or perhaps castle, green a creating green, also were that branches

F In readiness for the royal visit the earl had constructed a palace of green timber, wound around with birch with around wound timber, green of palace a constructed had earl the visit royal the for readiness In wolf andfox,wyldcattis,3.’ 2 rebuke, and re as beistis small wther witht hyndis and heartis of [600] scoir xxx slew forsaidis Stretherne, that is to say Benglow, Benewrne and Bencrwine, betuix the hillis and in the boundis Johnstoun. How money I hard say the king at that tyme in the boundis of wyld beistis Atholl and quhene they depairt’ This being done, the king turnit to Dunkell that night and on the morne to S. said, ‘ It is the wse of our hielandmen thocht thay be newer so weill ludgit, to burne thair ludging be brunt that zour grace hes ben so weill ludgit into.’ Than the king ansuerit the ambassador and to palice fair zone tholl sould ze that merwell I ‘ king, the to said ambassadour the Then thame. sie might ambassadouris his and king the that fyre ane in palice fair this all sett men hieland the leif, thair tuike men his all and depairtit king the quhene merwellit ambassador this all of maist honestie and polliecie in it and spetiall in the hieland, quhair their is bot wode and wildernes. Bot wilderland considerandthatitwasbottheerseofwarldbewthercontries,thairsould besic pound. thowsand This ambassadour theearieof of the paipis seand expenssis ane this great bancat and treumph expenssis being maid in ane in Atholl of Earle the was day ewerie that say men the space of thrie dayis and thrie nightis, and his companie as I haue schawin to zow affoir. I hard he had bene at hame in his awin palice. The king remanit in this present wildernes at the huntting beding, weschell and naiperie according for ane king, nathing deminischit of his ordour more nor costlie witht and chameris hallis, schawin, haue I as prepairit and order in beand thingis thir All baxteris and also excellent cuikis and potiseris witht confectiounis and drogis ffor thair desairtis. cuning and stewartis proper thair was Syne bancat. the for prepairit be to redy all was watteris fresche in gottin be could that fisches deliecat of kynd wther all and eilis and pykis perches, and tankis that was round about the palice was sowmond full of all deliecat fisches, asduke, sallmond,Brissill troutis cok and powins togither witht blak cok and murefoull and cappercallzes and also the gingebreid, and witht flesches,breid beif,maine muttun, lambes,breid cuning,quhyte cran, suan,breid wile guse,of pertrickmeittis, and plever, of was thair Ffarder accqquitie. and inchethrist allacant, and musticat mallvesie clairit, and wyne quhyte batht wyne, beir, aill, as drink, of kynd all say, to is that money; for gottin be might that land in or burght in either Scottland all in tyme that at gottin be to was that deliecattis drinkis, meittis, of maner all had thai that ambassadour theearieof gart mak sic provitioun ffor the king and his mother ane bankitto and that stranger the all witht decoirit pleisantlie allis was necessaris pertenand to palice ane prince as it had this bene his awin palice royall at that hame. Farder this earle [so] airttis all in wondowis glassin fyne withtin was weill syllit and hung witht fyne tapistrie and arrasis of silk, and sett and lightit witht palice this also and watter of braid futte xxx and deipe foot sextene of watter of strak and owsie greit ane and zeit portculis of trie the falland doune the of maner of ane syde barrace witht ane ilk greit draw brege, in and ane roundis great great tua was thair Farder gardin. ane in bene had 36 sidhe

66 Looking for Leissure seventeenth-century publication of his biography by one of his descendants. his of one by biography his of publication seventeenth-century the until unknown affair the of aspect an servants, his by retrieved afterwards was that silver Rome, in Farnesina Villa the at College Sacred the of cardinals the for banquet a following Tiber River the into thrown plate silver his a be to seem would this had he when 1518 palace, in Chigi Agostino of banquet the green recalls it extravagance its In impress. the to designed performance of construction the with as and, Scotland the in in elsewhere customary being or destruction Highlands such any of accounts no are There depart.’ they when lodging men highland their our burn of to custom the was ‘It that, answered king the And burnt.’ be to lodged well so been has grace your where palace fair that allow should you that marvel ‘I the king, the set to said ambassador men papal The highland fire. on palace the and leaving was party royal a the for when designed came and event the unique of be climax to The audience. seem foreign would V James for constructed building the and Mary for lodge hunting extravagance of food and drink and an even greater quantity of game. of quantity greater even an and drink and food of extravagance similar a with Atholl of Earl later a by Tilt Glen in hunt a at days fourteen for entertained also was Scots of Queen subsequently recovered by fishermen. Doria who, following a banquet for Charles V at Genoa in 1533, threw his silverware into the sea, from where it was 43 42 41 40 39 Wealth, inScotland: Family andCulturefromReformationtoRevolution,Edinburgh2000,pp.210−215;eith M.Brown, NobleSociety Thomas (see 38 37 of huntingwithwhichJamesandhisnobilitywouldbeveryfamiliar. nets into a gradually smaller area in which they could be shot by the noble participants from fixed stands, a type and barriers with dogs and men by around area wide a from driven be would These hunt. the of days three the make the cardinal understand that there was an abundance of glassware in Scotland (and by extension) further further extension) by wealth, hehadanothercupboardbroughtoutwithevenmorecrystal. (and Scotland in glassware of abundance an was there that understand cardinal the make to and, broken were vessels the all that so negligence by if as cupboard the covering cloth the on pull to servant a for arranged and crystal finest the of glasses of sorts all cupboard his on out set earl The Scots. of Queen Mary of birth the and 1542 of end the at V James of death the following Empire the and France England, Scotland, between who wasvisitingScotlandduringanotherperiodwhentherepotentialforachange inthetraditionalalliances conspicuous waste in 1543 when the Earl of Moray entertained the Venetian patriarch of Aquileia, Marino Grimani, out behind a smokescreen provided by the burning of green timber. Pitscottie provides another Scottish example of and galleries, which would be built of seasoned timber probably at this date brought in from Norway. from in brought date this at probably timber seasoned of built be would which galleries, and staircases external and structures lean-to many were there although 1530s, the in Scotland in buildings timber tower residential the of plan the James had on completed at Holyrood which be was more like a blockhouse. might [Fig. 8] There are no it records of large scale Alternatively 7] [Fig. Linlithgow. of palace James’ of plan the miniature, in resembling, angles, internal the and corners the at towers with courtyard a round set ranges four Usually participants would be lodged in tents as James V was on later hunts. later on was V James as tents in lodged be would participants Usually timber palaceseemstohavebeenoneofakind. the casualwayinwhichhecoulddestroyit. by and wilderness a in set palace the of creation the in both power and wealth his demonstrating was V James overtones of a fantastic magical its with castle and, variant in extreme the an as wilderness, seen be outdoing can the Atholl in costly palace the meeting which of of meeting Henry diplomatic a VIII for and model a Francois I. a spectacle which would be novel to the ambassador and unique to Scotland. The Field of Cloth of Gold provides had a more serious point. He and his cousin were setting out to impress the wider European world by producing

 note 1),pp.52−54. K on Leslie, John Masson, Georgina Rembrandt Duits,  Art,ClassandW John, seventhDukeofAtholl, TA Dunbar (seenote28);Charles McK The description of the building of green timber might indicate a square or rectangular structure probably structure rectangular or square a indicate might timber green of building the of description The Hunts in the Highlands were held over several days and were occasions for displays of hospitality and power. James’ purpose in exhibiting his amicable relations with the Highlands and his control of the ‘hieland men’ ‘hieland the of control his and Highlands the with relations amicable his exhibiting in purpose James’ , 6(seenote3 Edinburgh 1838, pp.178−180. fromthedeathofKingJames IintheyearMccccxxxvito theyearMdlxi,Edinburgh1838, The Historieof Scotland 4), p.192. , London 1961, p.243. Italian Gardens , London1961, Chronicles oftheAthollandTullibardine Volume families1,Edinburgh1908, 1,p.36. ealth, in:KimWoods –CarolRichardson, London2007, –Angeliki Limberopoulou(eds.), Viewing Renaissance Art p.21. The Scottish Château,Stroud2001,ean, The Scottish pp.67, 275. 42 It is easy to imagine the contents of the Earl of Atholl’s palace being carried 43 37

40 There is no record of the building of a a of building the of record no is There 41 39 A similar story is told of Andrea Andrea of told is story similar A Thirty years later, in 1562 Mary Mary 1562 in later, years Thirty 38 The

67 Looking for Leissure Photo: D.Gallagher in relationtoJamesV’smajorresidences. 1. ReliefmapofScotlandshowingthelocation ofBlairAtholl

68 Looking for Leissure Photo: NationalGalleriesofScotland.Licensorwww.scran.ac.uk by anunknownartist. 2. JamesV,sixteenth-centuryoilpainting

69 Looking for Leissure Photo: NationalLibraryofScotland.Licensorwww.scran.ac.uk Armorial, 1591. 3. JamesIVandQueenMargaretfromtheSeton

70 Looking for Leissure Photo: RoyalCollectionTrust: 2014 ©Her MajestyQueenElizabethII at HamptonCourt. 5. TheFieldofCloth Gold,circa1545,RoyalCollection Photo: D.Gallagher of theorderswhichJamesVwasamember. 4. TheoutergateofLinlithgowPalaceshowingthebadges

71 Looking for Leissure Photo: RoyalCommissionontheAncientandHistoricalMonuments ofScotland 6. GlenTilt:AerialView.

72 Looking for Leissure Photo: RoyalCommissionontheAncientandHistoricalMonuments ofScotland 7. LinlithgowPalace:AerialView.

73 Looking for Leissure Photo: D.Gallagher 8. HolyroodPalace:JamesVTower.

74 Looking for Leissure