Evaluation of Flushing Flows in the Fraser River and Its Tributaries
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Flow Regime Transition in Countercurrent Packed Column Monitored by ECT
Flow Regime Transition in Countercurrent Packed Column Monitored by ECT Zhigang Li, Yuan Chen, Yunjie Yang, Chang Liu, Mathieu Lucquiaud and Jiabin Jia* School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, EH9 3JL [email protected] Abstract Vertical packed columns are widely used in absorption, stripping and distillation processes. Flooding will occur in the vertical packed columns as a result of excessive liquid accumulation, which reduces mass transfer efficiency and causes a large pressure drop. Pressure drop measurements are typically used as the hydrodynamic parameter for predicting flooding. They are, however, only indicative of the occurrence of transition of the flow regime across the packed column. They offer limited spatial information to mass transfer packed column operators and designers. In this work, a new method using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is implemented for the first time so that real-time flow regime monitoring at different vertical positions is achieved in a countercurrent packed bed column using ECT. Two normalisation methods are implemented to monitor the transition from pre-loading to flooding in a column of 200 mm diameter, 1200 mm height filled with plastic structured packing. Liquid distribution in the column can be qualitatively visualised via reconstructed ECT images. A flooding index is implemented to quantitatively indicate the progression of local flooding. In experiments, the degree of local flooding is quantified at various gas flow rates and locations of ECT sensor. ECT images were compared with pressure drop and visual observation. The experimental results demonstrate that ECT is capable of monitoring liquid distribution, identifying flow regime transitions and predicting local flooding. -
By Mary Katherine Matella a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Satisfaction of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philo
Floodplain restoration planning for a changing climate: Coupling flow dynamics with ecosystem benefits by Mary Katherine Matella A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Adina M. Merenlender, Chair Professor Maggi Kelly Professor G. Mathias Kondolf Spring 2013 Floodplain restoration planning for a changing climate: Coupling flow dynamics with ecosystem benefits Copyright 2013 by Mary Katherine Matella ABSTRACT Floodplain restoration planning for a changing climate: Coupling flow dynamics with ecosystem benefits by Mary Katherine Matella Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management University of California, Berkeley Professor Adina M. Merenlender, Chair This dissertation addresses the role that dynamic flow characteristics play in shaping the potential for significant ecosystem benefits from floodplain restoration. Mediterranean-climate river systems present challenges for restoring healthy floodplains because of the inter and intra- annual variability in stream flow, which has been dramatically reduced in an effort to control flooding and to provide a more consistent year-round water supply for human use. Habitat restoration efforts require that this reduced stream flow be altered in order to recover more naturally dynamic flow patterns and reconnect floodplains. This thesis defines and takes advantage of an eco-hydrology modeling framework to reveal how the ecological returns of different hydrologic alterations or restoration scenarios—including changes to the physical landscape and flow dynamics—influence habitat connectivity for freshwater biota. A method for quantifying benefits of expanding floodplain connectivity can highlight actions that might simultaneously reduce flood risk and restore ecological functions, such as supporting fish habitat benefits, food web productivity, and riparian vegetation establishment. -
Comprehensive Drainage Study of the Upper Reach of College Branch in Fayetteville, Arkansas Kathryn Lea Mccoy University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 12-2012 Comprehensive Drainage Study of the Upper Reach of College Branch in Fayetteville, Arkansas Kathryn Lea McCoy University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Hydraulic Engineering Commons Recommended Citation McCoy, Kathryn Lea, "Comprehensive Drainage Study of the Upper Reach of College Branch in Fayetteville, Arkansas" (2012). Theses and Dissertations. 650. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/650 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. COMPREHENSIVE DRAINAGE STUDY OF THE UPPER REACH OF COLLEGE BRANCH IN FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS COMPREHENSIVE DRAINAGE STUDY OF THE UPPER REACH OF COLLEGE BRANCH IN FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering By Kathryn Lea McCoy University of Arkansas Bachelor of Science in Biological Engineering, 2009 December 2012 University of Arkansas ABSTRACT College Branch is a stream with headwaters located on the University of Arkansas campus. The stream flows through much of the west side of campus, gaining discharge and enlarging its channel as it meanders to the south. College Branch has experienced erosion and flooding issues in recent years due to increased urbanization of its watershed and increased runoff volume. The purpose of this project was to develop a comprehensive drainage study of College Branch on the University of Arkansas campus. -
Image Analysis Techniques to Estimate River Discharge Using Time-Lapse Cameras in Remote Locations
Image analysis techniques to estimate river discharge using time-lapse cameras in remote locations David S. Young1, Jane K. Hart2, Kirk Martinez1 1 – Electronics and Computer Science, 2 – Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] NOTICE: This is the authors’ version of a work that was accepted for publication in Computers & Geosciences. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Computers & Geosciences, 76, 1-10 (2015) doi: 10.1016/j.cageo.2014.11.008 Abstract Cameras have the potential to provide new data streams for environmental science. Improvements in image quality, power consumption and image processing algorithms mean that it is now possible to test camera-based sensing in real-world scenarios. This paper presents an 8-month trial of a camera to monitor discharge in a glacial river, in a situation where this would be difficult to achieve using methods requiring sensors in or close to the river, or human intervention during the measurement period. The results indicate diurnal changes in discharge throughout the year, the importance of subglacial winter water storage, and rapid switching from a “distributed” winter system to a “channelised” summer drainage system in May. They show that discharge changes can be measured with an accuracy that is useful for understanding the relationship between glacier dynamics and flow rates. -
FIXING the UPPER COLORADO RIVER Paul Bruchez, Reeder
FIXING THE UPPER COLORADO RIVER Paul Bruchez, Reeder Creek Ranch Mely Whiting, Colorado Counsel, Trout Unlimited Lurline Curran, former Grand County manager Grand County’s most famous tourist was President Dwight Eisenhower, who in the 1950s spent summer vacations snagging trout from the Fraser River. That river even then was significantly depleted by diversion to Denver. Nearby, at Grand Lake, the Colorado-Big Thompson (C-BT) had begun a massive withdrawal of water from the Colorado River. Later, in the 1980s, came another major disruption to the local water-dependent ecosystems, a dam on the Colorado River near Windy Gap, where it is joined by the Fraser. It all adds up to what rancher and fishing guide Paul Bruchez described as death by a thousand cuts. The full extent of the problems became apparent in the 2002 drought and its aftermath. In old days, before all the diversions began, ranchers in the Kremmling area had just relied upon springtime snowmelt flooding by the river to deliver water to their hay fields. Because of the C-BT diversions, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation had installed pumps along the river, to ensure ranchers could get water into the fields. As river flows receded in the 21st century, those pumps had become inadequate even as Denver Water and Northern Water (beneficiary of the C-BT) pushed long-standing plans for further diversions. The net result: 80 percent of native flows in the Colorado River would be diverted across the Continental Divide. This could have gotten ugly, but Grand County instead chose a different approach. -
STP Volumetric Gas Flow
5/25/2019 Conversion of Standard Volumetric Flow Rates of Gas – Neutrium f Neutrium ARTICLES PODCAST CONTACT DONATE CONVERSION OF STANDARD VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATES OF GAS SUMMARY Standard volumetric flow rates of a fluid are the equivalent of actual volumetric flow rates in the sense that they have an equal mass flow rate. This identity makes standard volumetric flow appropriate providing a common baseline for comparison of volumetric gas flow rate measurements at different conditions. This article outlines how to convert between standard and actual volumetric flow rates. 1. DEFINITIONS ρ : Density of a specific fluid denoted by a subscript (kg/m3) MW : Molecular Weight P : Pressure (Pa) Q : Volumetric flow rate (m3/s) T : Temperature (K) Z : Compressibility Factor https://neutrium.net/general_engineering/conversion-of-standard-volumetric-flow-rates-of-gas/ 1/4 5/25/2019 Conversion of Standard Volumetric Flow Rates of Gas – Neutrium 2. INTRODUCTION Standard volumetric flow rates denote volumetric flow rates of gas corrected to standardised properties of temperature, pressure and relative humidity. Its use is common across engineering and allows a direct comparison to be made between gaseous flows in a manner identical to comparing their mass flow rates. Standard volumetric flow is also commonly used by vendors when describing the capacity of vents or pressure relief devices, however for capacity checks at different conditions a comparison on a pressure loss basis is more appropriate. The most common units to describe standard volumetric flows are standard cubic meters per hour (SCMH) in metric units and standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM) in imperial units. -
Forecasting the Colorado River Discharge Using an Artificial Neural Network
Forecasting the Colorado River Discharge Using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach Amirhossein Mehrkesh, Maryam Ahmadi University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80005 Abstract Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model is a computational approach commonly used for modeling the complex relationships between input and output parameters. Prediction of the flow rate of a river is a requisite for any successful water resource management and river basin planning. In the current survey, the effectiveness of an Artificial Neural Network was examined to predict the Colorado River discharge. In this modeling process, an ANN model was used to relate the discharge of the Colorado River to such parameters as the amount of precipitation, ambient temperature and snowpack level at a specific time of the year. The model was able to precisely study the impact of climatic parameters on the flow rate of the Colorado River. Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Discharge, Colorado River, River basin planning 1. Introduction The volumetric flow rate of a river, also called its discharge, at a particular point, is the volume of water passing through the cross section of the river at that point in a unit of time. As aforementioned, forecasting the flow rate of a river could be very useful in water resources management. Any seasonal river basin planning for designation of water between different consumers can not succeed without knowing/predicting the amount of water (i.e. flow rate) passes through the river at that time. 1.1. Colorado River The Colorado River is one of the main surface water streams in the southwestern United States. -
Source Water Protection Plan Grand County, Colorado
TOWN OF FRASER RESOLUTION 2018-05-03 A RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE FRASER RIVER PARTNERSHIP SOURCE WATER PROTECTION PLAN WHEREAS, A Source Water Protection Plan identifies a Source Water Protection Area (SWPA), lists potential contaminant sources, and outlines best management practices (BMPs) to reduce risks to the water source. WHEREAS, The Fraser River Source Water Protection Partnership (FRSWPP) was established to provide a framework for public water systems in the Fraser River Valley to collaborate on the protection of their drinking water sources from all potential sources of contamination. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TOWN OF FRASER, COLORADO THAT: The Town Board hereby adopts the attached Fraser River Partnership Source Water Protection Plan. DULY MOVED, SECONDED AND ADOPTED THIS 2ND DAY OF MAY 2018. Votes in favor: ___ BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE Votes opposed: ___ TOWN OF FRASER, COLORADO Abstained: ___ Absent: ___ BY: Mayor ATTEST: (S E A L) Town Clerk Fraser River Source Water Protection Partnership Source Water Protection Plan Grand County, Colorado June 28, 2017 Written by: Ryan Lokteff Fraser River Source Water Protection Partnership Fraser River Source Water Protection Partnership Source Water Protection Plan Contents WATER SYSTEM CONTACT LIST ..................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. -
Classifications and Numeric Standards for Upper Colorado River Basin and North Platte River
Presented below are water quality standards that are in effect for Clean Water Act purposes. EPA is posting these standards as a convenience to users and has made a reasonable effort to assure their accuracy. Additionally, EPA has made a reasonable effort to identify parts of the standards that are not approved, disapproved, or are otherwise not in effect for Clean Water Act purposes. November 12, 2020 Regulation No. 33 - Classifications and Numeric Standards for Upper Colorado River Basin and North Platte River Effective March 12, 2020 The following provisions are in effect for Clean Water Act purposes with these few exceptions: EPA has taken no action on: • All segment-specific total phosphorus (TP) numeric standards based on the interim value for river/stream segments with a cold water aquatic life classification (0.11 mg/L TP) or a warm water aquatic life classification (0.17 mg/L TP) • All segment-specific TP numeric standards based on the interim value for lake/reservoir segments with a warm water aquatic life classification (0.083 mg/L TP) Code of Colorado Regulations Secretary of State State of Colorado DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Water Quality Control Commission REGULATION NO. 33 - CLASSIFICATIONS AND NUMERIC STANDARDS FOR UPPER COLORADO RIVER BASIN AND NORTH PLATTE RIVER (PLANNING REGION 12) 5 CCR 1002-33 [Editor’s Notes follow the text of the rules at the end of this CCR Document.] 33.1 AUTHORITY These regulations are promulgated pursuant to section 25-8-101 et seq. C.R.S., as amended, and in particular, 25-8-203 and 25-8-204. -
Obtaining High Accuracy Flow Measurement Which Flowmeter Technology Is Best for Your Specific Application?
~rr,;LUID COMPONENTS INTL a limited liability company Obtaining high accuracy flow measurement Which flowmeter technology is best for your specific application? temperature may also be provided by thermal technology. Coriolis mass flow measurement ,requires fluid flowing through a vibrat ing flow tube that causes a deflection of the flow tube proportional to mass flow rate. Coriolis flowmeters Coriolis can be used to measure the mass flow flowmeters rate of11quids, slurries, gases, or vapors. They provide can be used ccurate flow measurement impacts process safety, excellent measurement accuracy. Measurement of fluid to measure the Athro,1ghput, n :- cip c:, qu,i.liry and cost, affecting bot density or concentration is also provided by Coriolis mass flow of .tom line profit or loss. Obtaining accurate flow technology. They are not affected by pressure, tempera liquids, slurries, measurement begins with selecting the best flowmeter ture or viscosity and offer accuracy exceeding 0.10% of gases or vapors. technology for your specific application media. There are actual flow. three basic types of flowmeters: mass, volumetric and velocity. For each type of flowmeter, there are multiple Volumetric sensing technologies; Coriolis and thermal sensing are Differential Pressure (DP) flowmeter technology includes orifice plates, venturis, and sonic nozzles. DP flowmeters can be used to measure volumetric flow rate Obtaining accurate flow measurement of most liquids, gases, and vapors, including steam. DP begins with selecting the best flowmeters have no moving parts and, because they are so well known, are easy to use. They create a non-recov flowmeter for your application. erable pressure loss and lose accuracy when fouled. -
Wetland Hydrodynamics Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, Remote Sensing, and Modeling
WETLAND HYDRODYNAMICS USING INTERFEROMETRIC SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR, REMOTE SENSING, AND MODELING DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hahn Chul Jung, M. S. Graduate Program in Geological Sciences The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Douglas Alsdorf, Advisor Dr. Ralph R.B. von Frese Dr. Kenneth C. Jezek Dr. C.K. Shum Copyright by Hahn Chul Jung 2011 ABSTRACT The wetlands of low-land rivers and lakes are massive in size and in volumetric fluxes, which greatly limits a thorough understanding of their flow dynamics. The complexity of floodwater flows has not been well captured because flood waters move laterally across wetlands and this movement is not bounded like that of typical channel flow. The importance of these issues is exemplified by wetland loss in the Lake Chad Basin, which has been accelerated due primarily to natural and anthropogenic processes. This loss makes an impact on the magnitude of flooding in the basin and threatens the ecosystems. In my research, I study three wetlands: the Amazon, Congo, and Logone wetlands. The three wetlands are different in size and location, but all are associated with rivers. These are representative of riparian tropical, swamp tropical and inland Saharan wetlands, respectively. First, interferometric coherence variations in JERS-1 (Japanese Earth Resources Satellite) L-band SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data are analyzed at three central Amazon sites. Lake Balbina consists mostly of upland forests and inundated trunks of dead, leafless trees as opposed to Cabaliana and Solimões-Purús which are dominated by flooded forests. -
Characterization and Erosion Modeling of a Nozzle-Based Inflow-Control Device
DC186090 DOI: 10.2118/186090-PA Date: 8-May-17 Stage: Page: 1 Total Pages: 10 Characterization and Erosion Modeling of a Nozzle-Based Inflow-Control Device Jo´gvan J. Olsen and Casper S. Hemmingsen, Technical University of Denmark; Line Bergmann, Welltec; Kenny K. Nielsen and Stefan L. Glimberg, Lloyd’s Register Consulting—Energy; and Jens H. Walther, Technical University of Denmark Summary sure drop, and two experiments showed no change. No previous In the petroleum industry, water-and-gas breakthrough in hydro- research was found that showed erosion in ICDs analyzed by use carbon reservoirs is a common issue that eventually leads to of numerically simulated particles. uneconomic production. To extend the economic production life- To prevent erosion from occurring in the ICDs, large particles time, inflow-control devices (ICDs) are designed to delay the are filtered upstream from the flow with sand screens. When water-and-gas breakthrough. Because the lifetime of a hydrocar- investigating erosion, the primary erosion factors are particle size, bon reservoir commonly exceeds 20 years and it is a harsh envi- particle concentration, particle shape, particle velocity, angle of ronment, the reliability of the ICDs is vital. impact, and wall material (Coronado et al. 2009; Oka et al. 2009). With computational fluid dynamics (CFD), an inclined nozzle- For the present case, sand-particle sizes 100 to 1000 mm in diame- based ICD is characterized in terms of the Reynolds number, dis- ter are investigated. The larger particles can penetrate the sand charge coefficient, and geometric variations. The analysis shows screen initially, whereas only the smaller particles will pass that especially the nozzle edges affect the ICD flow characteris- through after a natural sandpack has built up on the sand screen tics.