Chapter 1: Introduction

Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 38272-033 November 2016

IND: Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program - Project 2

Subproject : Roorkee Sewerage

Submitted by:

Urban Development Department, Government of Uttarakhand, Dehradun

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Urban Development Department, Government of Uttarakhand, Dehradun ublic communications and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s p policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. This is an updated version of the report originally posted in July 2011 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/uttarakhand-urban- sector-investment-program-tranche-2-roorkee-sewerage-subproject. This Initial Environment Examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area

Initial Environmental Examination

October 2016

IND: Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program- Roorkee Sewerage Subproject Tranche II

Prepared by Government of Uttarakhand for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of October 2016) Currency Unit = ndIndian rupee/s (Re/Rs) Rs1.00 = 015 $1.00 = 68.57

Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank BOD Bio Chemical Oxygen Demand CO Carbon Mono Oxide CFE Consent for Establishment CH4 Methane CFO Consent for Operation DO Dissolve Oxygen dB Decibel DDN Roorkee Nagar Nigam IEE Initial Environmental Examination EA Executing Agency EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EC Environmental Clearance GoI Government of India GoU Government of Uttarakhand Ha Hectare H2S Hydrogen sulphide HDPE High Density Poly Ethylene HFL High Flood level Km Kilometer Leq Sound level Mg Milligram MFF Multitranche Financing Facility MoEFCC Ministry of Environment & Forests&Climate Change MLD Million Litter Per day Mn Million MDD Maximum Dry Density M Meter mm Millimeter mg/l Milligram per Liter m3 Cubic meter NAAQM National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring NOx Oxides of Nitrogen NA Not Applicable OUR oxygen uptake rate O & M Operation and maintenance OMC Optimum Moisture Content PMU Project Management Unit PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride PWD Public works Division

i PIU Project Implementation Units RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete RoW Right of Way RSPM Respirable suspended particulate matter RP Rehabilitation Plan SEIAA State Environment Impact Assessment Authority SPCB State Pollution Control Board UEPPCB Uttaranchal Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board SS Suspended Solids SBR Sequential Batch Reactor SPM Suspended Particulate Matter SO2 Sulphur dioxides ST Scheduled Tribes SC Scheduled Castes SOP Standard Operational Procedures UDD Urban Development Department UPJN Uttaranchal Peya Jal Nigam UJS Uttaranchal Jal Sansthan U.P Uttar Pradesh UPCL Uttaranchal Power Corporation Limited g/m3 Micro Gram Per Cubic Meter % Percentage

NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of India ends on 31 March. FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY2008 ends on 31 March 2008. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Develop- ment Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Contents Executive Summary ...... v-vii

I. Introduction ...... 1

A. Overview ...... 1

B. Environmental Compliance Requirement...... 1

II. Description of Sub-project ...... 10

A. Need for the Sub-project ...... 10

B. Subproject Description ...... 10

C. Energy Efficiency Measures ...... 13

D. Implementation Schedule ...... 13

III. Description of the Environment ...... 18

A. Physical Features ...... 18

B. Ecological Resources ...... 25

C. Economic Development ...... 25

IV. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 27

A. Pre-construction - Location & Design ...... 27

B. Construction Impacts ...... 31

C. Operational and Maintenance (O& M) Impacts ...... 36

D. Cumulative Impact Assessment ...... 37

V. Institutional Arrangements ...... 41

VI. Grevances Redress Mechanism ...... 41

VII. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure...... 43

A. Public Consultation Conducted ...... 43

B. Future consultation and disclosure ...... 45

VIII. Environmental Management Plan ...... 46

A. Environment Mitigation and Monitoring Program ...... 46

B. Safeguards Items Having Penalty Provision for Roorkee sewerage system.60

C. Environmental Management and Monitoring Costs ...... 61

IX Findings and Recommendations ...... 62

X. Conclusions ...... 65

ii List of Tables

Table 1 : Applicable Environmental National and State Requirements for UUSDIP ...... 6

Table 2 : Roorkee Sewerage Subproject Components ...... 10

Table 3 : Description of Contract Sub-Package of Sewerage System of Roorkee...... 11

Table 4 : Proposed length of distribution network package ...... 11

Table 5 : Design Parameters of Sewage Treatment Plant ...... 12

Table 6 : Implemntation schedule for 33MLD-STP and splitted contract Packages...... 13

Table 7 : Classification test results of soil samples collected from STP site...... 19

Table 8 : Laboratory Proctor’s Compaction Test Results of Soil Samples ...... 19

Table 9 : Organic and Inorganic constituents of soil at two locations of STP site...... 19

Table 10 : Monthly and Annual Normal Rainfall in District Hardwar (mm) ...... 20

Table 11 : Baseline of Ambient Air Quality of Sewerage Sub-Project at Roorkee ...... 20

Table 12 : Baseline of Ambient Noise level of Sewerage Sub-Project in Roorkee ...... 21

Table 13 : Water quality characterstics of 500m upstream and 500m downstream from the discharge point of treated sewage into Solani River...... 22

Table 14 : Influent Characterstics of Rampur Chungi drain at Roorkee ...... 22

Table 15 : Quality of Ground Water of Roorkee ...... 23

Table 16 : Ground water quality at 33 MLD-STP site at Saliyar- Ibrahimpur...... 24

Table 17 : Detail of Focus Group Discussions with General Public Group at Roorkee ...... 44

Table 18 : Details of public consultation by IPMU/IPIU for 33MLD-STP at Roorkee ...... 45

Table 19 : Issues and action plan discussed during public consultation ...... 45

Table 20 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Pre-construction Environmental Mitigation Plan...... 47

Table 21 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Construction Environmental Mitigation Plan ...... 48

Table 22 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Operations and Maintenance Environmental Mitigation Plan ...... 54

Table 23 : Pre-construction Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 55

Table 24 : Construction Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 56

Table 25 : Operation and Maintenance Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 59

Table 26 : Preventive Measures of non-compliance of Safeguards ...... 60

Table 27 : Environmental management and monitoring cost...... 62

iii

List of Appendices

Appendix 1 : Central Pollution Control Board Applicable Environmental Standards ...... 66

Appendix 2 : Rapid Environmental Assessment(REA) Checklist ...... 72

Appendix 3 : Deatil of Public Conultation and focussed group discussion...... 75

Appendix 4 :Recomeneded Construction Contractors Contract Clauses...... 83

Appendix 5 : Photographs of Public Consultation in Roorkee ...... 87

Appendix 6 : Photographs of Public Consultation ...... 88

Appendix 7 : Land Transfer Certificate for 33MLD-STP at Roorkee ...... 90

List of Figures

Figure 1 :Map Showing Proposed Roorkee Sewerage System ...... 14

Figure 2 : Layout Plan of proposed Roorkee STP ...... 15

Figure 3 : Location and Layout Plan of proposed Ganeshpur SPS ...... 16

Figure 4 : Location Plan of STP and Two SPS along with Trunk Sewer Main ...... 17

Figure 5 : Wind Rose Diagram of Roorkee Town ...... 39

Figure 6 : STP Location and Nearby Settlement on Google Image ...... 40

iv Executive Summary

1. Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program (UUSDIP) is intended to support the Government of India and Government of Uttarakhand in their policy of balanced regional socio-economic development and poverty reduction throughout the urban sector in Uttarakhand. This is being achieved through investments in the areas of infrastructure and service provision, institutional development and capacity building. Directly the UUSDIP will result in improved living conditions in the urban areas of Uttarakhand as a result of rehabilitation, upgrading and extension of key infrastructure, strengthened operation and maintenance, and improved local governance practices and locally-led pro-poor planning and project identification. The program will also improve the prospects for accelerated economic growth from the tourism and manufacturing industries and help create conditions for improved long-term service sustainability and greater private sector investment in infrastructure and service provision.

2. The UUSDIP is funded by ADB through Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) and also by the central-sponsored Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) of the Government of India. This Program is being under implementation over a period of 10 years. The Executing Agency (EA) is the Urban Development Department (UDD) of Government of Uttarakhand (GoU), which has set up a state-level urban sector Project Management Unit (PMU) to execute the UUSDIP. Implementation Agencies (IA) are the respective urban local bodies, UPJN, UJS and PWD, which in collaboration with PMU will set-up 13 Project Implemen- tation Units (PIU) for implementing the Program. Dehradun, Roorkee, Ramnagar, Nainital, Almora, Pithoragarh and Haldwani are the towns chosen for investment under Tranche-II of UUSDIP.

3. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for Environmental Assessment are described in ADB’s SPS (2009). This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans.

4. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report has been updated for the following components of Roorkee Sewerage Subproject to be undertaken in Tranche II: (i) Sewerage system of Roorkee (Contract Package No. WMM01RK) (ii) Construction of 33 MLD STP and two Sewage Pumping stations (Contract Package No. WMM02RK).Contractor for construction of STP and SPS has already been mobilized. While this IEE is being updated due to change in location of STP from Sati Mohalla to Saliyar-Ibrahimpur in Roorkee and further splitting of WWM01RK into, WWM03RK and WWM04 RK due to poor response from bidders side and timely completion of Project. Construction of 33MLD-STP is likely to commence after the rainy season and will completed by the end of 2017.

5. The subproject sites are located in existing Right of Way. There are no protected areas, wetlands, mangroves, or estuaries. Trees, vegetation (mostly shrubs and grasses), and animals in the subproject site are those commonly found in built-up areas.

6. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the infrastructure proposed under the Roorkee Sewerage Subproject. Potential negative impacts were identified in relation to both construction and operation of the improved infrastructure, but no impacts were identified as being due to either the project design or location. Mitigation measures have been developed in generic way to reduce all negative impacts to

v acceptable levels. These were discussed with specialists responsible for the engineering aspects, and as a result some measures have already been included in the outline designs for the infrastructure.

7. Locations and siting of the proposed infrastructures were considered to further reduce impacts. These include:

(i) The STP site is selected at Saliar Ibrahimpur village belongs to Nagar Nigam of Roorkee and owned by Government of Uttarakhand. This avoids impacts of land acquisition, rehabilitation and resettlement of PAPs.

(ii) Locating the sewerage network in the ROW alongside a main road, to reduce impacts on livelihoods of public. The route of rising main is changed due to change in STP location. This change does instigate change of nature of environmental impact. The length of rising main has increased from 1200 meter to 3800 meters resulting change in quantum of work consequently increase in construction time and impact related to excavation for pipe laying along road side. There is change in social impact of temporary in nature due to temporary blockage of access to the shops. These impacts are taken care in Resettlement Plan separately.

8. Regardless of these and various other actions taken during the IEE process and in developing the project, there will still be impacts on the environment when the infrastructure is built and when it is operating. This is mainly because of the invasive nature of trenching and other excavation; and because the sewerage network is located in an inhabited town where there are densely populated areas. Because of these factors the significant impacts are on the physical environment and the human environment.

9. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to dispose of large quantities of waste soil and import a similar amount of sand to support the pipes in the trenches; and from the disturbance of residents, businesses, traffic and important buildings by the construction work. These are common impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well developed methods for their mitigation. These include: (i) Finding beneficial uses for waste material; (ii) Covering soil and sand during transportation and when stored on site; (iii) Planning work to minimize disruption of traffic and communities; (iv) Providing temporary structures to maintain access across trenches where required. 10. Specific impacts due to construction of STP adjacent to Solani river have been identified and measures such as the following are suggested: (i) No downstream impact (ii) No construction material storage/ancillary works nearby river bank (iii) No labour camps to be set up nearby river bank (iv) Protection bunds around construction area (v) Conducting awareness programs to workers (vi) Proper arrangement to arrest silt runoff from construction site to nearby river during monsoon (vii) Use excavated soil for strengthening bunds; no waste shall be disposed in or near river bank

vi (viii) The treated sewage effluent will be disposed to Solani River which will meet the CPCB standards (ix) Site planning and design should consider the HFL; provided appropriate bunding around the facility. 11. There were limited opportunities to provide environmental enhancements, but certain measures were included. For example it is proposed that the project will:

(i) Employ in the workforce to the extent possible, people who live in the vicinity of construction sites to provide them with a short-term economic gain;

(ii) Ensure that people employed in the longer term to maintain and operate the new facilities are residents of nearby communities.

12. Once the sewerage system is operating, most facilities will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. Leaks in the network will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. It will also be conducted in areas that have already been excavated, so there will be no need to protect archaeological material. During operation of STP, there are chances of odor nuisance. The proper selection of treatment process as well as regular O & M of STP will take care of this problem. There can be deterioration of quality of nearby river water due to disposal of treated sewage. Howev- er, regular quality monitoring of water will help in identifying the problem in earlier stage and re- mediation measures. There is occupational health and safety risk involved while working in STP however all the necessary precautionary measures are included. Necessary provisions for green buffer zone within STP premises as well as surrounding sewage pumping stations are considered in design.

13. The major impacts of the implementation of sewerage subproject will be beneficial to the citizens of Roorkee as it will provide proper collection network and treatment of sewage, which will serve a greater proportion of the population, including slum-dwellers. This will improve the quality of life of people as well as benefiting both individual and public health as the improvements in hygiene should reduce the incidence of disease associated with poor sanitation. This should lead to economic gains as people will be away from work less and will spend less on healthcare, so their incomes should increase.

14. Mitigation will be assured by a program of environmental monitoring to be conducted during construction stages. The environmental monitoring program will ensure that all measures are implemented, and will determine whether the environment is protected as intended. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and bene- ficiaries. Any requirements for remedial action will be reported to the IPMU.

15. The stakeholders were involved in developing the updated IEE through discussions on site and public consultation after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and the planning and development of the project. The updated IEE report will be made available at public locations in the city and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB website. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation.

vii 16. Therefore the components proposed under Tranche-II of this sewerage subproject in Roorkee are unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential adverse impacts that are associated with design, construction, and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without much difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures.

17. Based on the findings of the IEE, the classification of the Project as Category “B” is confirmed, and no further special study or detailed EIA needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) or GoI EIA Notification (2006). One component however requires consent/permission of regulatory agencies for implementation. The construction and operation of Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) requires consent for establishment (CFE) and consent for operation (CFO) from the UEPPCB under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. However Consent to establish has been obtained from Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board and the detail of which has been furnished in Table no-1.

viii

I. Introduction

A. Overview 1. Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program (UUSDIP) is intended to support the Government of India and Government of Uttarakhand in their policy of balanced regional socio-economic development and poverty reduction throughout the urban sector in Uttarakhand. This is being achieved through investments in the areas of infrastructure and service provision, institutional development and capacity building. Directly the UUSDIP will result in improved living conditions in the urban areas of Uttarakhand as a result of rehabilitation, upgrading and extension of key infrastructure, strengthened operation and maintenance, and improved local governance practices and locally-led pro-poor planning and project identification. The program will also improve the prospects for accelerated economic growth from the tourism and manufacturing industries and help create conditions for improved long-term service sustainability and greater private sector investment in infrastructure and service provision. 2. The UUSDIP is funded by ADB through Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) and also by the central-sponsored Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) of the Government of India. This Program is being under implementation over a period of 10 years. The Executing Agency (EA) is the Urban Development Department (UDD) of Govern- ment of Uttarakhand (GoU), which has set up a state-level urban sector Project Management Unit (PMU) to execute the UUSDIP. Implementation Agencies (IA) are the respective urban local bodies, UPJN, UJS and PWD, which in collaboration with PMU will set-up 13 Project Implementation Units (PIU) for implementing the Program. Dehradun, Roorkee, Ramnagar, Nainital, Almora, Pithoragarh and Haldwani are the towns chosen for investment under Tranche-II of the UUSDIP. 3. ADB classified the investment program as environment Category B and accordingly initial environmental examination (IEE) is required for all subprojects. This IEE has been prepared for Roorkee Sewerage Subproject which covers: (i) provision of sewerage network; (ii) construction of STP and two sewage pumping stations. B. Environmental Compliance Requirement

1. ADB Policy 4. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for Environmental Assessment are described in ADB SPS 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans. 5. Screening and Categorization. The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project, the sensitivity, scale, nature and magnitude of its potential impacts, and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts are assigned to one of the following four categories: (i) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report.

(iii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed.

(iv) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all Projects will result in insignificant impacts. 6. Environmental Management Plan. An EMP which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the Project’s impact and risks. 7. Public Disclosure. ADB will post the following safeguard documents on its website so affected people, other stakeholders, and the general public can provide meaningful inputs into the project design and implementation: (i) For environmental category A projects, draft EIA report at least 120 days before Board consideration; (ii) Final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) Environmental Monitoring Reports submitted by IPMIU during project implementation upon receipt. 2. Applicable Legislations 8. The implementation of the subprojects will be governed by the national government and state of Uttarakhand environmental acts, rules, regulations, and standards. These regulations impose restrictions on the activities to minimize and/or mitigate likely impacts on the environment. It is the responsibility of the project executing and implementing agencies to ensure subprojects are consistent with the legal framework, whether national, state or municipal and/or local. In addition, subprojects shall also be consistent with ADB SPS. The following legislations are applicable to the subproject: (i) Environmental (Protection) Act of 1986 as amended in 1991; (ii) Environmental (Protection) Rules of 1986 and amendments; (iii) Environmental Impact Assessment Notification of 2006; (iv) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974, Rules of 1975, and amendments; (v) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981, Rules of 1982 and amendments; (vi) Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules of 2000; (vii) Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, Rules of 1995 and amendments; (viii) Indian Forest Act of 1927; (ix) Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980, Rules of 1981 and amendments; (x) Guidelines for Diversion of Forest Lands for Non-Forest Purpose under the Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980; (xi) Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Environmental Standards; (xii) Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules of 1959; and (xiii) The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013. 9. Key standards include those related to drinking water quality, air quality, effluent discharge, and protected areas. Compliance is required in all stages of the project including design, construction, and O&M.

3. Environmental Assessment Requirements 10. The new EIA Notification of 2006 of GoI (superseding the EIA Notification of 1994), requires environmental clearance for certain defined activities/projects. This Notification clas- sifies the projects/activities that require environmental clearance (EC) into ‘A’ and ‘B’ categories depending on the impact potential and/or scale of the project. For both category projects, prior environmental clearance is mandatory before any construction work, or preparation of land except for securing the land, is started on such project or activity. Clearance provisions are as follows. (i) The project/activities falling under Category ‘A’ require prior environmental clearance from the MoEFCC, Government of India1. (ii) Category ‘B’ projects require prior environmental clearance from the State level the State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)2. 11. This notification provides that, any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 kilometers (km) from the boundary of:(i) protected areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) critically pol- luted areas as notified by the CPCB from time to time, (iii) notified eco-sensitive areas, and (iv) inter-state boundaries and international boundaries. Also, in the case where a SEIAA does not exist, Category B project will be reviewed by the MoEFCC and reclassified as Category A. 12. Consequently, the proposed Roorkee Sewerage Subproject is not listed in the EIA Notification of 2006 “Schedule of Projects Requiring Prior Environmental Clearance.” Thus, environmental clearance for this subproject is not required. 4. National Legal Requirements 13. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1974): Any component of urban infrastructure project under UUSDIP having potential to generate sewage or trade effluent will come under the purview of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. Such projects have to obtain Consent for Establishment (CFE) under Section 25 of the Act from Uttaranchal Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board before starting implementation and Consent to Operate (CTO) before commissioning. The Water Act also requires the occupier of such subprojects to take measures for abating the possible pollution of receiving water bodies. CFE is required to be obtained for establishment of Roorkee Sewage Treatment Plant. 14. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981, Rules of 1982 and amendments. The subprojects having potential to emit air pollutants into the atmosphere have to obtain CFE under Section 21 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 from SPCB before starting implementation and CTO before commissioning the project. The occupier of the project/facility has the responsibility to adopt necessary air pollution control measures for abating air pollution. The following require CFE and CTO from SPCB: (i) Diesel generators; and (ii) Hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers, etc., if installed for construction. 15. Emissions and discharges shall comply with standards notified by the CPCB. Appen- dix 1 provides applicable standards for effluents, receiving water bodies, air quality, water quality and noise levels.

1 For Category A projects, based on the preliminary details provided by the project proponent as per Notification, the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of MoEFCC, determine comprehensive TOR for EIA studies. This TOR will be finalized within 60 days. On the recommendation of the EAC based on EIA studies, MoEF provides the EC. 2 The B category projects will be further divided by State Level EAC into B1 – that require EIA studies and B2 – no EIA studies. The Sate Level EAC will determine TOR for EIA studies for B1 projects with in 60 days. On the recommendation of the State level EAC based on EIA studies, SEIAA provides the EC. 3

16. Forest Legislations. The government’s forest legislation dates back to enactment of the Indian Forest Act of 1927. This Act empowers State of Uttarakhand to declare “any forest land or waste-land, which is the property of government or over which the government has proprietary rights or to the whole or any part of the forest-produced of which the government is entitled,” a reserved forest or protected forest. The Act also allows government control over forest and lands not being the property of the government. 17. For reserved forests and village-forests, activities like clearing or breaking up of any land for cultivation or for any other purpose, damage to vegetation and/or trees and quarrying or removing any forest produce are prohibited. For protected forests, with the provision of the Act, State of Uttarakhand makes rules to regulate activities like cutting of trees and removal of forest produce; clearing or breaking up of land for cultivation or any other purpose; and for protection and management of any portion of protected forest. 18. According to the Act, State of Uttarakhand requires prior approval of MoEFCC for the use of forest land for non-forest purposes (means the breaking up or clearing of any forest land) or for assigning lease to any private person or agency not controlled by government. The Forest (Conservation) Rules of 2003 issued under this Act provide specific procedures to be followed for conversion of forest land for non-forest purposes. 19. Conversion of forest lands that are part of National Parks and/or Sanctuaries and Tiger Reserve areas (notified under Indian Wildlife [Protection] Act of 1972) is not permitted. In exceptional case, State of Uttarakhand requires consent of the Indian Board of Wildlife for obtaining approval of the State Legislature for de-notification of the area as a sanctuary. The State or National Wildlife Board under MoEFCC is the authority which will grant a “No Objec- tion Certificate” for any construction within a sensitive area. Every user agency, who proposes to use any forest land for non-forest purposes and use buffer zone of the wildlife protected areas for other purposes, must apply for forest and/or wildlife clearance. 20. Cutting of trees in non-forest land, irrespective of land ownership, also require permission from the State Forest and Environment Department. Afforestation to the extent of two trees per each tree felled is mandatory. Cutting of three numbers of trees is required for laying of sewer lines and permission has been obtained from the forest department and the detail of which is furnished in Table no.1. 21. Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules, of 1959. The Rules designate areas within a radius of 100 meters (m) and 300 m from the “protected property” as “protected area” and “controlled area” respectively. No development activity (including mining operations and construction) is permitted in the “protected area” and all development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the “controlled area” without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Protected property includes the site, remains, and monuments protected by ASI or the State Department of Ar- chaeology. 22. For the subproject, activities within Archaeologically Protected Areas will be avoided. If activities are to be done in the controlled area of protected properties, then the executing and implementing agencies and the line department will take the necessary No Objection Certificates from ASI. 23. Land Acquisition Act of 1894 (amended in 1985). Private land acquisition is guided by the provisions and procedures in this Act. The District Collector or any other officer designated will function as the Land Acquisition Officer on behalf of the government. There is a provision for consent award to reduce the time for processing if the land owners are willing to agree on the price fixed by the Land Acquisition Officer. The option of acquiring lands through private negotiations is also available. 24. For the subproject, permanent land acquisition is not required as all sites are government-owned land and/or within existing right-of-ways (ROWs).

5. Applicable International Environmental Agreements 25. In addition, international conventions such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance are applicable for selection and screening of subprojects under restricted and/or sensitive areas. India is a party to these conventions. 26. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1963, is a comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. The IUCN is an authority on the conservation status of species. A series of Regional Red Lists are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit. The IUCN Red List is set upon pre- cise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. The aim is to convey the urgen- cy of conservation issues to the public and policy makers, as well as help the international community to try to reduce species extinction. 27. Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). CMS was adopted in 1979 and entered into force on 1 November 1983. CMS, also known as the Bonn Convention, recognizes that states must be the protectors of migratory species that live within or pass through their national jurisdictions, and aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their ranges. 28. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). It is an international agreement between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. CITES were first formed, in the 1960s. Annually, international wildlife trade is estimated to be worth billions of dollars and to include hundreds of millions of plant and animal specimens. The trade is diverse, ranging from live animals and plants to a vast array of wildlife products derived from them, including food products, exotic leather goods, wooden musical instru- ments, timber, tourist curios and medicines. Levels of exploitation of some animal and plant species are high and the trade in them, together with other factors, such as habitat loss, is capable of heavily depleting their populations and even bringing some species close to extinction. Many wildlife species in trade are not endangered, but the existence of an agreement to ensure the sustainability of the trade is important in order to safeguard these resources for the future. Because the trade in wild animals and plants crosses borders between countries, the effort to regulate it requires international cooperation to safeguard certain species from over- exploitation. 29. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, 1971. The Conven- tion on Wetlands of International Importance, called the Ramsar Convention, is an intergov- ernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands The Ramsar Convention is the only global environmental treaty that deals with a particular ecosystem. According to the Ramsar list of Wetlands of International Importance, there are 25 designated wetlands in India which are required to be protected. Activities undertaken in the proximity of Ramsar wetlands shall follow the guidelines of the convention. 30. The legal framework of the country consists of several acts, notifications, rules and regulations to protect environment and wildlife. In 1976, the 42nd Constitutional Amendment created article 48A and 51A, placing an obligation on every citizen of the country to attempt to conserve the environment. Specifically for the UUSDIP (Uttarakhand Urban Sector Develop- 5

ment Investment Program), the following environmental laws and regulations are applicable for sub-projects and require clearances or permissions as applicable and the details are given in Table no.1: Table 1 : Applicable Environmental National and State Requirements for UUSDIP Acts/ Concerned Applicable to Re- Status S. No. Clearances Rules/Notifications/Guide Agency Contract sponsibility of Compliance lines and Application to package proposed project A. Pre-construction Stage 1 Environmen- EIA Notification, 2006 State Environ- No the sub- IPMU / IPU Not required tal Clearance amended till date, promul- mental Impact project is not gated under Environment Assessment included in (Protection) Act 1986 Authority schedule of This states that Environ- (SEIAA). environmental mental Clearance (EC) is If not constitut- impact as- required for specified ac- ed then sessment tivities/projects, and this MoEFCC. notification must be obtained before 2006 and its any construction work or subsequent land preparation (except amendments land acquisition) may till date, so it is commence. Projects are not categories categorized as A or B de- as either Cate- pending on the scale of the gory A or Cat- project and the nature of its egory B. As a impacts. Categories A pro- result, envi- jects require Environmental ronmental Clearance from the Na- clearance is tional Ministry of Environ- not required, ment and Forests either from the (MoEFCC). Category B state or the projects require environ- central Gov- mental clearance from the ernment. State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). 2. Ground Wa- For withdrawal of ground Central Ground Extraction of IPMU / IPIU Not required ter (Regula- water Water Board ground water tion, Devel- is not re- opment and quired Management) Rules, 2007 3 Forest Clear- Forest Conservation Act District Level Permission IPMU / IPIU Permission for ance for (1980) and Rules 2003 & Committee for cutting of cutting of three felling of trees 2004: constituted by tree is re- numbers of and acquisi- This act provides guide- the State Govt. quired from trees has been tion of forest lines for conservation of Forest De- obtained from land for wid- forests and diversion of partment forest depart- ening. forest land for non-forest ment vide their use. The law also states letter guidelines on de- no.4373/2-3 on reservation of various cat- dated egories of forests for diver- 17/06/2015. sion of forest land. This law describes the penalty for contravention of the provisions of the Act. Restriction on the de-reservation of forests or use of forest land for non-forest purpose. i) If the forest land exceeds 20 hectare then prior permission of Central Gov- ernment is required; ii) if the forest land is between 5 to 20 hectare, then permission from the Regional

Acts/ Concerned Applicable to Re- Status S. No. Clearances Rules/Notifications/Guide Agency Contract sponsibility of Compliance lines and Application to package proposed project Office of Chief Conservator is required; iii) If the forest land is below or equal to 5 hectare the State Govern- ment can give permission. If the construction area is more than 40% forest, permission to undertake any work is needed from the Central Government, irrespective of the size of the area. MoEFCC issued specific guidelines in July 2013 for state of Uttarakhand for expediting forest clearances to carry out the emergency work in forest areas (excluding works in national parks and sanctuaries) vide no 11-298/2013-FC Dated 24.07.2013 . 4 Wildlife de- The Indian Wildlife (Pro- National Board Not Applica- IPMU / IPIU Not required partment tection) for Wildlife ble to contract clearances Act, 1972, as amended till package (The 2006 wildlife pro- This Act provides guide- tection act is lines for protection of [Wild not applicable animals, birds and plants] to the pro- and for matters connected posed sub- therewith or ancillary or project. All incidental thereto. It also activities of states the norms for hunt- project are ing of wild animals, prohibi- well outside tion of picking, uprooting, from the etc., of specified plants. boundary The Act deals with the dec- fence of the laration of area as Sanctu- wildlife sanc- ary, National Park, and tuary. closed area and also states the restriction of entries in the sanctuary. The 2002 Amendment Act which came into force in January, 2003 have made punishment and penalty for offences under the Act more stringent. 5 Clearances Biodiversity Act 2002 and Uttarakhand Not Applica- IPMU / IPIU Not required required for Biodiversity Rules 2004: Biodiversity ble for the using biologi- The Act essentially controls Board. subproject cal resources access to indigenous biodiversity resources. No agency/person shall, without previous approval of the National Bio-diversity Authority, obtain any biological resource occurring in India or knowledge associated thereto for research or for commercial utilization or for bio-survey and bio-utilization. 6 Permission to The Ancient Monuments State Level Not Applica- IPMU / IPIU Not required carry out con- and Committee ble for the

Acts/ Concerned Applicable to Re- Status S. No. Clearances Rules/Notifications/Guide Agency Contract sponsibility of Compliance lines and Application to package proposed project struction ac- Archaeological Sites and constituted by subproject tivities in the Remains Act, 1958, and the Central sites of Ar- the rules, 1959: Govt. chaeological The Act provides guidance Importance for carrying out activities, including conservation, construction and reuse in and around the protected monuments Permission from the Ar- chaeological Survey of India for carrying out any construction activities within the prohibited and regu- lated areas of the ancient monuments and archaeologically protected sites. B. Construction Stage 7 Permission Mines and Minerals River Board Yes Contractor - for Sand Min- (Regulation and Devel- Authorities/ ing from river opment) Act, 1957 as Department of bed amended in 1972 Mining Govt. of Uttarakhand 8 Consent to Water (Prevention and UEPPCB Yes, it is ap- IPMU/ IPIU Consent to es- Establish control of pollution) Act, plicable for tablish has (CTE) and 1974, as amended sewerage been obtained Consent to Air (prevention and con- Treatment from UEPPCB Operate trol of pollution) Act, Plant of which is valid till (CTO) from 1981, as amended Roorkee. December the UEPPCB 2017. is required for setting up STP Consent to Establish (CTE) and Consent to Operate (CTO) from the UEPPCB for setting up, stone crushers, quarries and diesel generators (if installed for construction) 9 Authorization Hazardous Wastes (Man- Uttarakhand No Contractor - for Disposal agement, Handling and Environmental of Hazardous Trans boundary move- Protection and Waste ment) Rules, 2008 and Pollution Con- Hazardous Waste (Man- trol Board – agement, Handling and Dehradun Trans boundary Move- ment) Fourth Amend- ments Rules, 2010 10 Pollution Un- Central Motor and Vehicle Department of Yes Contractor der Control Act 1988 and Central Mo- Transport, Certificate for tor and Vehicle Govt. of construction Rules,1989 amended till Uttarakhand vehicles 2013 11 Employing The Building and Other District Labour Yes Contractor Contractor to Labour/ Construction Workers Commissioner obtain labor workers - La- (Regulation of Employment license and bour license and Conditions of Service) workmen com- 8

Acts/ Concerned Applicable to Re- Status S. No. Clearances Rules/Notifications/Guide Agency Contract sponsibility of Compliance lines and Application to package proposed project and Work- Act, 1996 & The Building pensation in- men’s Insur- and Other Construction surance. ance and la- Workers Related Laws bour permits (Amendment) Bill, 2013 12 License for Petroleum Rules, 2011. Commissioner No Contractor Storing Diesel Hazardous Wastes (Man- of Explosives and other agement, Handling and and explosives Trans boundary move- Uttarakhand ment) Rules, 2008 and Environmental Hazardous Waste (Man- Protection and agement, Handling and Pollution Con- Trans boundary Move- trol Board – ment) Fourth Amendments Dehradun Rules, 2010 13 Child Labour Child Labour Act 1986 - Applicable Contractor No child below 18 years age shall be employed or permitted to work in any of the scheduled oc- cupations

6. Extent of the IEE Study 31. This IEE report has been updated on the basis of detailed screening and analysis of all environmental parameters, field investigations and stakeholder consultations to meet the requirements for environmental assessment process and documentation per ADB’s Safe- guard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and Government of India Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification of 2006.

7. Scope of IEE 32. This is the updated IEE for the Sewerage system including Change of location of STP from Satti Mohalla to Saliyar Ibrahimpur and capacity enhancement from 28 MLD STP to 33MLD STP and further splitting of Contract Packages WWM01RK in WWM03K and WWM04RK due non response of bidders and timely completion of project. It discusses the environmental impacts and mitigation measures relating to the location, design, construction and operation of all physical works proposed under this sub-project. The IEE is based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of updated IEE.

8. Report Structure 33. This IEE report is prepared in accordance with the ADB SPS, 2009 and is documented accordingly. This Report contains eight (8) sections including this introductory section: (i) Introduction; (ii) Description of the subproject; (iii) Description of the environment;(iv) Anticipated impacts and mitigation measures; (v) Institutional arrangements; (vi) Grievance redress mechanism; (vii) Public consultation and information disclosure; (viii) Environmental management plan (ix) Finding and recommendation; and(x) Conclusion.

II. Description of Sub-project

A. Need for the Sub-project 34. The Uttarakhand Urban Sector Development Investment Program (UUSDIP) is proposed in 18 towns of Garhwal Region with financial assistance from ADB. The major infrastructure development works include augmentation and improvement of water supply system, sewerage system, solid waste management, traffic management and road works, slum development works. Roorkee is one of the towns included under UUSDIP for augmentation and improvement of Sewerage system and establishment of STP. Figure 1 shows the proposed sewerage subproject of Roorkee. Figure 2 shows the location plan of STP. Figure 3 & 4 shows the location and layout plan of SPS. B. Subproject Description 35. This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) has been updated for the following components of Roorkee Sewerage Subproject to be undertaken in Tranche II which are (i) Sewer- age system of Roorkee (Contract Package No. WMM01RK) (ii) Construction of 33 MLD STP and two SPS (Contract Package No. WMM02RK). The detail of each component is given in Table no.2.WWM01RK has been splitted into three separate contract packages of WWM01RK, WWM03RK and WWM04RK due to non-response of bidders and timely completion of sub-project and the description of Contract sub packages is given in Table no. 3

Table 2 : Roorkee Sewerage Subproject Components S No. Subproject Description Location Component 1. Sewage - Proposed sewer network covering lateral, - Proposed sewer network Network branch, main and trunk sewer will be laid hav- will be laid in zone B covering total length 95 km. The material of pipe ing municipal area (western proposed is HDPE up to 300 mm diameter part) of Roorkee town, i.e., and RCC pipe for more than 300 mm diame- 4.53 sq. km, and peri-urban ter. The pipe line for pumping mains from area. Ganeshpur (SPS) to BSM Chowk is DI-K9 of - Pipelines will be laid on or 400 mm diameter in the length of 1300m and along the roads (within 700 mm pumping main from Mahigram (SPS) ROW) to STP in the length of 3800 m. - Proposed manholes shall be constructed in the material of RCC, Brick masonry and Pre- cast about 5,000 nos. - Property chambers (Precast and Brick masonry) will be connected with the nearest manhole using uPVC pipes of 110 & 160 mm dia. OD. 2. House ser- House service connections will be given House service connections vice con- from nearest property chamber to the con- will be laid from the property nections sumer house. Total 30,256 house connec- chamber to the household tions will be provided. premises. 3. Sewage For the entire sewerage system proposed 74 MLD SPS at Mahigram Pumping under this subproject, two pumping stations and 25 MLD SPS at Station are proposed. One SPS having capacity 74 Ganeshpur area of Roorkee MLD is proposed to replace existing defunct town SPS. One new SPS having capacity 25 MLD is proposed. 4. Sewage It is proposed to construct the STP of ca- Proposed STP location is Treatment pacity 33 MLD. The SBR technology for the adjacent to Solani river in Plant sewage treatment plant is proposed. Saliar- Ibrahimpur.

Table 3 : Description of Contract Sub-Package of Sewerage System of Roorkee. S. No Package Description of work 1 Supplying, Laying, testing and commissioning of sewer network covers Ramnagar WWM01RK area, Krishna Nagar, Awas Vikas, Maqtool Puri, MathuraVihar, Prem Nagar and adjoining areas (Zone 2 &3) 2 Procurement of 33 MLD capacity sewage treatment plant based on sequential batch reactor technology and sewage pumping station at Mahigram and Ganeshpur on De- WWM02RK sign, Supply, Installation, O&M basis, trail run, testing and commissioning and operation and maintenance for 5 years and necessary rising main, trunk main and gravity main at Roorkee. 3 Providing, Laying, testing and commissioning of sewer network in Ganeshpur (Zone 04) WWM03RK of Roorkee. 4 Providing, Laying, Jointing, testing and commissioning of Sewer Network including WWM04RK replacement of existing sewers in Amber Talab, Purani tehsil, Matawala Bagh, Anaaj Mandi, purvi Deendayal, Old Railway Road, Chaw Mandi Sainik Colony of Roorkee.

36. Sewerage system in Roorkee (Package No. WMM01RK, WMM03K, and WMM04RK): Total length of distribution network proposed is 105 km. Salient features of this package are given in Table no. 4.

Table 4 : Proposed length of distribution network package Total coverage area of city in this package 5.76 sq.km

Population to be benefited (by 2013) 129845 Population to be benefited (by 2043) 51413 Total length of sewer network (approximately) 105 kms Pipe material RCC- NP3 and NP4 Manhole material Brick, RCC Approximate cost estimate Rs. 6837 lacs

37. Construction of 33 MLD STP (Package No. WMM02RK): The strategy for wastewater treatment is adopted to provide appropriate cost treatment with a robust process that takes into account local conditions. Apart from construction and running costs, factors that need to be taken into account in selecting appropriate processes for Roorkee STP include: (i) Con- sistent Effluent Quality in compliance to regulatory and statutory requirements; (ii) Less Area Requirement; (iii) Process flexibility; (iv) Easy operation and maintenance; (IV) Economic Via- bility; (v) Aesthetics with Surroundings and (vi) Odor and Nuisance 38. The merits and demerits of various available treatment technologies were evaluated with respect to their economic viability and effectiveness in the local conditions. Based on the comparison, it was found out that Extended Aeration SBR Activated Sludge process was found to be more suitable for the present conditions. The most important reasons for selecting Extended Aeration SBR Activated Sludge process are: (i) Area requirement for SBR is less than the conventional extended aeration process, and the complete SBR plant can be accommodated in the available land area. (ii) No secondary settling tanks in SBR, no return sludge pumping, hence lesser operation & maintenance (iii) The SBR is a time-oriented, periodic process that can be designed and operated to simulate virtually all conventional continuous-flow extended aeration activated sludge systems. (iv) Improved sludge settling: due to pre-react zone (biological selectors). Increased settling area without sludge scrapers provide perfectly quiescent settling environment. (v) Expansion potential; Simplified expansion- Each unit forms a modular treatment unit. (vi) Because of the flexibility of working in time rather than space, the operating policy can be modified to meet new effluent limits, handle changes in wastewater character-

istics, and accommodate the fluctuations in seasonal flow rate, all without increasing the sizes of the physical plant. (vii) As the SBR process is fully automatic, it constantly measures and monitors the “ oxygen uptake rate” (OUR) in the basin based on DO profiling, and ensures that optimum power is used by the process with respect to variation in flow variation and input BOD variation. This results in substantial savings in power consumption. (viii) The process has inbuilt capability to remove Nitrogen and phosphorous (N, P) via process of nitrification and de nitrification. This results in far superior process treatment and ensures protection of water bodies and rivers against growth of algae, water hyacinths and other weeds which reduce DO level in the river bodies. 39. Proposed SBR based treatment plant comprises following major units: (i) Receiving Chamber; (ii) Mechanical Coarse Screen Channels; (iii) Mechanical Fine Screen Channels; (iv) Mechanical Grit removal facility; (v) SBR Process Units; (vi) Chlorination Unit; and (vii) Centrifuge for Sludge Dewatering 40. The proposed sewage treatment plant will have design capacity to treat 33 MLD sewerage. The treatment starts with the collection of sewage at Inlet chamber, and then flows to coarse and fine screen chambers for the effective removal of solid particles from the plant Influent. Sewage from screen chamber flows to Mechanical grit chamber to remove grit particles. The biological treatment section comprises of SBR for the effectively removal of BOD and SS as per the discharged regulatory norms. Chlorination has been provided to the Sew- age from SBR process. Centrifuge shall be provided for dewatering the Sludge generated from the SBR. Plant Layout for the proposed treatment plant is given in Table no- 5.

Table 5 : Design Parameters of Sewage Treatment Plant Sewage Treatment Plant Design Formula : Manning’s Formula Min. & Max. Vel. in : Min. : 0.6 m/s Sewers Max. : 3.0 m/s Max. d/D ratio : 80% Min. & Max. Pipe : Min. : 200 mm Size Max. : as per design Clear Cover over : 1m. Pipe Crest In case min. cover is not available, pipe shall be encased with RCC. Manhole Spacing : Lateral & Branch : 30 m Trunk : 45 m Outfall : 60 m STP Design Horizon : Intermediate Design Year (2024) STP Design Capacity : 33 MLD Peak Flow : 33,000 m3/day Per capita BOD : 45 gpcd (Table 19.1, CPHEEO Manual, Page 304) Per capita SS : 70 gpcd (Table 19.1, CPHEEO Manual, Page 304) Incoming BOD : 45x103 mg * 1/112.4 * 0.5 = 200.1 mg/l (assuming 50% BOD degradation in sewers), say, 200 mg/l Incoming SS : 70 x 103 mg * 1/112.4 * 0.5 = 311 mg/l (assuming 50% SS degradation in sewers), say, 350 mg/l Treated Sewage : Parameter Influent Effluent Removal Ratio Quality BOD (mg/l) 200 10 85% SS (mg/l) 350 50 Approx. 85% Coliforms Influent 5x106 MPN/100ml, Effluent < 104 MPN / 100ml Design period

Sewer network : 30 years Pumping station (civil : 30 years work) Pumping machinery : 15 years Sewage treatment : 30 years plant Effluent disposal and : 30 years utilization BOD-biochemical oxygen demand; CPHEEO-Central public Health and environmental engineering organization; gpcd-gallons per capita per day; mg/l-milligram per litre;MPN-most probable numbers; SS-suspended solids. C. Energy Efficiency Measures 41. The Sewerage subproject components have been designed with utmost consideration of energy efficiency in the whole system. The sewage through sewerage network will be conveyed by gravity. Sewage collected through gravity in western side will be pumped through pumping station to convey to STP. The pumping systems proposed for sewage pumping station as well as for STP are energy efficient. The equipment has been designed with the maximum efficiency to optimize the energy consumption. Best pumps with ideal specific speeds have been considered. Attainable efficiency for procuring the pumps and motors are considered as 88 to 92 percent for pumps and 94 percent for motors. D. Implementation Schedule 42. Change of location of STP has caused significant change in schedule of work. This required changing the consent to establish from Uttarakhand State Pollution Control Board and the CTE has been obtained which is valid up to December-2017.Detail design of the work has been completed. The implementation schedule for 33 MLD-STP and splitted contract packages are given below. The sub-projects will be implemented as per the schedule given in Table no-6.

Table 6 : Implementation schedule for 33MLD-STP and splitted contract Packages. Construction Packages Start Completion WWM01RK – Sewer network in Ramnagar, March 2016 January 2018 Krishna Nagar, Awas nagar, Maqtoolpuri, Mathura vihar, Prem Nagar (Zone 2&3) of Roorkee WWM02RK – 33 MLD STP, SPS and rising March 2016 December 2017 main WWM03RK –Providing laying, jointing, March 2016 January 2018 Testing and Commissioning of Sewer Net- work in Ganeshpur Area (Zone-4) of Roorkee WWM04RK – Sewer network including re- March 2016 January 2018 placement of existing sewers in Amber, Talab, Purani Tehsil, Matawala Bagh, Anaaj Mandi, Purvi, Deendayal, Old Railway Road, Chaw mandi Sainik Colony of Roorkee Implementation of the construction of 33MLD-STP shall be commence after the rainy season and will be completed by the end of December-2017.

Figure 1 : Map Showing Proposed Roorkee Sewerage System

Figure 2 : Layout Plan of proposed Roorkee STP

Figure 3 : Location and Layout Plan of proposed Ganeshpur SPS

Figure 4 : Location Plan of STP and Two SPS along with Trunk Sewer Main

III. Description of the Environment A. Physical Features 1. Location 43. Roorkee town is located at 29.87° North Latitude 77.88° East Longitude. It has an average elevation of 268 meters (879 feet). It is situated on National Highway (N.H.) 58 (Del- hi-Haridwar) and N.H. 73 (Haridwar-Panchkula), and is on Amritsar-Howrah main rail route. Roorkee is 175 km north of the Indian capital New Delhi and about 70 km from Dehradun the provisional capital of Uttarakhand and located between the rivers Ganga and Yamuna, close to the foot hills of Himalayas. Location of 33MLD-STP: The site for construction of 33MLD-STP is located adjacent to the bank Solani River on Nagar Nigam Land. It is barren Land and is topographically fit for Con- struction of 33 MLD-STP. 2. Topography and Geology 44. The town has a gently sloping topography, with slope from south to north towards River Solani, However the Ganga Canal slopes towards the southwest. The difference in the highest and lowest ground level of the town is of the order of 18.5 meters. Depth of Subsoil water in this area varies from 6.0 meters to 10.0 meters, with average depth of 8.0 meters. The town lies in the Tarai belt and has tropical climate. 45. Geologically the area may divided into three zones viz. Siwaliks, Bhabar and Gangetic Alluvial Plains from North to South:(1) Siwalik Range: This forms the outermost part of Himalaya and comprises Tertiary Group of rocks. In Bhagwanpur block only Upper and Middle Siwaliks are exposed. The Upper Siwaliks is constituted of boulders, pebbles, sand and clay. The boulders and pebbles are mostly of quartzite. Middle Siwaliks comprises mainly grey micaceous sandstone and siltstone: (ii) Older Alluvium (Piedmont Plains or Bhabar): The Piedmont Plains are formed along the foothills of Siwaliks. It is formed by flooding hill torrents and nallahs (locally termed as ‘Rao’). Alluvial fans in the piedmont zones are wider and longer when formed along mature streams. The Older Alluvium consists of polycyclic sequence of brown to grey silt, clay with boulders and pebbles: Gangetic Alluvial Plains: The region south of the piedmont plains occupied by Gangetic Allu- vial Plains, forms major part of the Bhagwanpur block. Litho logically, the alluvium is formed of unconsolidated to semi-consolidated deposits of sand, silt, clay and kankar. 46. Due to the fragile eco-system and geo-dynamic terrain, Uttarakhand State is highly vulnerable to natural disasters like earthquakes, landslides, forest fires, and cloud burst etc. According to hazard zoning in the Vulnerability Atlas of India, the whole of Uttarakhand falls under “very high” to “high” category earthquake zone. The problems of landslides, subsid- ence, and erosion are quite common in the hilly regions of the State due to combination of several factors like geological movements, structure, lithology, water seepage, soil cover, vegetal cover, weather, and climatic changes. 47. The testing of representative soil samples at two locations of 33 MLD-STP at Saliyar- Ibrahimpur were conducted by Indian Institute of Technology at Roorkee to assess the values of porosity, Soil texture, moisture content, organic and Inorganic constituents of soil and Soil classification. For the following parameters the laboratory test conducted were sieve and hydrometer analysis for soil classification as per IS: 1498-1987, natural moisture content determination, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content determination as per IS- 2720(Part VII)-1980 for the determination of moisture content and dry density. The repre-

18 sentative results at two locations are given in the Table no.7 & Table no.8. Organic and inorganic constituents of soil are given in Table no.9. Table 7 : Classification test results of soil samples collected from STP site. Sam- Loca- Depth Mechanical Analysis (%) Atterberg’s ple No. tion at below GL Limits STP (m) Sand Silt+Clay L,L, P.L. Coarse Medium Fine Finer % % 4.75-2.0 2.0 -4.75 0.425- <0.075 mm mm mm 0.075 mm (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1 Near 0.5 0 1.0 53 46 - - Admin Build 2 Near 0.5 0 3 23 74 24 18 SBR-3

Table 8 : Laboratory Proctor’s Compaction Test Results of Soil Samples Compaction Test Results S.No Sample No. MDD OMC IS : (gm/cm3) (%) Classification

1 1(Near Admin Building) 1.81 12.2 - 2 2 (Near SBR-3) 1.82 14.6 -

Table 9 : Organic and Inorganic constituents of soil at two locations of STP site. S. Parameters/Test Result Result no. Sample no. 1 Sample no. 1 A-Physico-Chemical Value mg/l Value mg/l (Except S.l. no-01) (Except S.l. no-01) 01 pH 7.55 6.10 02 Total Dissolved Solids 227.0 232.0 03 Chlorides as Cl 12.0 28.0 04 Sulphate as SO4-2 33.3 66.3 05 Organic Solids 180.0 175.0

It is evident from the Table no. 7 that the soil present at both the locations is not similar. The soil present at location-1 is SM i.e. silty sand whereas the soil present at site 2 is silt with clay (ML-CL). The maximum dry density varies from 1.81 to 1.82 t/m3 obtained by Proctor compaction test as given in the Table no.-8. The chemical test results indicate that there is no deleterious compound present in the soil collected from both the locations as given in the Table no.9.The porosity of both the samples i.e. at loaction1 is 0.14 and location 2 is 0.16. 3. Climate and Rainfall 48. District Hardwar experiences moderate subtropical to humid climate with three dis- tinct season’s viz. summer followed by rainy and winter seasons. Temperature begins to rise from March (29.10C) and reaches to its maximum in May (39.20C), with the commencement

19 of monsoon season by mid-June, the temperature begins to fall. During the winter season in the month of November to February the temperature ranges between 10.50C and 6.10 49. The relative humidity is highest in monsoon season (85% in the morning and 79% in the evening). The lowest humidity is observed during the month of April and May i.e. 24% (in evening) and 40% in May (in morning). 50. The average normal annual rainfall in Hardwar district is 1174.3 mm, out of which 84% is received during monsoon season and only 16% occurs during non-monsoon period. The district receives heaviest rainfall in northern part. The rainfall gradually decreases towards south. To study the recent trend of rainfall distribution over the district, monthly rainfall during monsoon has been given in Table 2. The monthly distribution of rainfall during the monsoon season over the district shows that July and August are the wettest month in the district having a rainfall 329.3 and 393.8 mm, respectively. The rainfall during the month of July and August is more or less the same. The monsoons retreat in the first fortnight of Octo- ber giving a meager rainfall of about 31 to 34 mm. Maximum rainfall occurs in the foothills of Himalayas and gradually decreases towards south. The detail of average annual rainfall of district Haridwar is given in Table no.10. Table 10 : Monthly and Annual Normal Rainfall in District Hardwar (mm) Month Rainfall in mm Haridwar Roorkee January 48.1 43.3 February 45.8 41.1 March 24.5 26.9 April 9.8 11.4 May 19.9 18.9 June 108.9 99 July 360.1 329.3 August 393.8 299.3 September 192.2 182 October 34.3 31.5 November 5.4 4.7 December 15.4 14.9 Annual rainfall 1256.2 1102

4. Air Quality 51. The proposed subproject does not cover industrialized areas, and hence the air pollution is not significant. The main sources of air pollution at present are due to emissions from mobile sources i.e. from minor vehicular traffic and windblown dust/sand. Thus, the air quality is considered to be good. The results of the baseline data of Ambient Air Quality is given in Table no. 11. Table 11 : Baseline of Ambient Air Quality of Sewerage Sub-Project at Roorkee Parameter Unit STP Mahigram Rampur Ganeshp Limit Site 11.12.2015 Chungi ur 13.12.15 11.12.15 12.12.15

PM2.5 24 Hour in µg/m3 31.1 20.3 38.3 32.8 60 PM10 24 Hour in µg/m3 47.3 40.2 57.8 48.9 100

Parameter Unit STP Mahigram Rampur Ganeshp Limit Site 11.12.2015 Chungi ur 13.12.15 11.12.15 12.12.15 SO2 24 Hour in µg/m3 4.5 5.8 12.8 9.8 80 NO2 24 Hour in µg/m3 6.4 8.5 19.4 17.2 80 2000 (8Hr) mg/m 4000 CO 24 Hour in 3 <.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 (1Hr) 100 (8Hr) Ozone 24 Hour in µg/m3 <10 <10 <10 <10 180 (1Hr) Ammonia NH3 24 Hour in µg/m3 <20 <20 <20 <20 400 Lead( Pb) 24 Hour in ng/m3 <5 <5 <5 <5 1 Nickel 24 Hour in ng/m3 <1 <1 <1 <1 20 Arsenic 24 Hour in ng/m3 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 6 Banzo-a- pyrene(Ba p) 24 Hour in ng/m3 <1 <1 <1 <1 1

5. Noise 52. The subproject area represents mostly urban area of Roorkee city. The ambient noise levels vary from very low to low in the urban, built-up areas. Near some congested areas of, the noise levels are moderate. The overall impact on the ambient noise level is not significant. The baseline data of Ambient Noise Level is given below in Table no.12.

Table 12 : Baseline of Ambient Noise level of Sewerage Sub-Project in Roorkee

STP Location Ganeshpur Rampur Chungi Mahigram Parameter Unit 12.12.2015 12.12.2015 12.12.2015 12.12.2015

Leq 6.00 AM to dB(A) 51.9 56.7 64.8 52.6 10.00 PM

Leq 10.00 PM dB(A) 37.6 37.7 39.7 36.4 to 06.00 AM

6. Surface Water 53. The Roorkee town is situated on the right bank of the Solani River, which is a tribu- tary of the Ganga River. The river flows north – east direction. The river is not being used as water sources because it carries water only during rainy season. Water is sometimes used for irrigation purpose and there are no domestic/industrial water extraction points on the downstream. The Upper Ganga Canal is passing through the center of Roorkee town. This canal although is always full of water however water is allocated for irrigation purpose only. River Ganga is flowing 25 Km away from the city and is towards north-east direction i.e. at Haridwar. The primary source data of Solani River from 500m upstream and 500m downstream from the discharge point of treated sewage into Solani River is given in the Table no.13.

Table 13 : Water quality characteristics of 500m upstream and 500m downstream from the discharge point of treated sewage into Solani River. t Test results from t Test results from S. Parameters 500m upstream 500m downstream Unit No 1 pH 7.63 7.85 -- 2 Total Suspended solids(TSS) 39.0 23.0 mg/l

3 Total Suspended Solid(TDS) 455.0 435.0 mg/l 4 Chlorides as CL 15.7 13.7 mg/l 5 Ca Hardness as CaCO3 173.5 115.0 mg/l 6 Mg Hardness as CaCO3 79.0 80.0 mg/l

7 Nitrates as NO3 19.0 26.3 mg/l 8 Free Ammonia Nil Nil mg/l -3 9 Phosphate as PO4 .023 .015 mg/l 10 Lead,Pb Nil Nil mg/l 11 Mercury,Hg Nil Nil mg/l 12 COD 41 31 mg/l 13 BOD 16 12 mg/l 14 Total Residual Chlorine Nil Nil mg/l B- Bacteriological 16 Total Coliform, MPN/100ml 3300 1400 MPN/100ml 17 Fecal Coliform, MPN/100ml 120 260 MPN/100ml  MPN- Index (coliforms) should be nil in drinking water

7. Influent Characteristics near Rampur Chungi Drain at Roorkee is given in Table no- 14. Table 14 : Influent Characteristics of Rampur Chungi drain at Roorkee

S. Parameter Test methodologies Results Unit No 1 pH APHA 22nd edition,4500H+ B:2012 6.04 -- 2 Total Dissolve Solids APHA 22st edition,2540 B:2012 686 mg/l 3 Total Suspended Solid APHA 22nd edition,2540 D 23.6 mg/l 4 COD IS3025- Part 58, 2006 112.5 mg/l 5 BOD, 27°C 3 days IS3025- Part 44, 1993 Reaffirmed 2003 64.5 mg/l 6 Calcium as Ca APHA 22nd edition,3500 Ca B:2012 64.2 mg/l 7 Magnesium as Mg APHA 22nd edition,3500 Mg B:2012 37.4 mg/l 8 Sodium APHA 22nd edition,3500 Na B:2012 58 mg/l 9 Potassium APHA 22nd edition,3500 K- B:2012 19 mg/l 10 Chloride as Cl APHA 22nd edition,4500 Cl- B:2012 116.5 mg/l 11 Sulphate as SO4 APHA 22nd edition,4500 SO4--E:2012 124.2 mg/l 12 Nitrate as NO3 IS : 3025 (Part-34) 5.2 mg/l

13 Fluoride as F APHA 22nd edition,4500 F- D:2012 1.40 mg/l 14 Cyanide IS : 3025 (Part-27) <0.01 mg/l 15 Aluminum IS : 3025 (Part-55) <0.03 mg/l 16 Arsenic IS : 3025 (Part-37) <0.1 mg/l 17 Cadmium IS : 3025 (Part-41) <0.01 mg/l 18 Chromium as Cr+6 IS : 3025 (Part-52) <0.05 mg/l 19 Iron APHA 22nd edition,3500 Fe- B:2012 0.25 mg/l 20 Copper IS : 3025 (Part-42) <0.5 mg/l 21 Lead IS : 3025 (Part-47) <0.05 mg/l 22 Manganese IS : 3025 (Part-59) <0.1 mg/l 23 Mercury IS : 3025 (Part-48) <0.001 mg/l 24 Zinc IS : 3025 (Part-49) 1.11 mg/l 25 Total Residual Chlorine IS : 3025 (Part-26) 0.48 mg/l 26 Boron IS : 3025 (Part -57) 0.70 mg/l

8. Groundwater 54. Hardwar district comes under Ganga river system. The main tributaries of Ganges like Solani, Ratmau Rao and Banganga and their feeding nallahs drain the area. These tributaries are ephemeral in nature. As far as canal irrigation is concerned, western part of the district is well covered with 300 km length canal network. Bhagwanpur block comes under non-command area. Hence, there is an immense pressure on ground water due to which water levels are declining at faster pace. There are 225 State Government tube wells and 32930 private tube wells. The ground water abstraction for drinking, domestic and agriculture purposes is higher in Bhagwanpur block as compared to other blocks. Most of the tube wells are drilled in central and southern part of the block. The northern part of the block has less number of tube wells.Roorkee area falls in the Gangetic alluvial plain and is underlain by recent to sub-recent fine grained sand, silt, Kankar, clay and occasional gravel and pebbles. This area is also characterized by high rate of infiltration because of being underlain by fine to medium grained sand and occasional unconsolidated and unsorted material of Gravels, having a high degree of porosity and permeability resulting in high rate of aquifer recharge. Ground water occurs in unconfined condition. And a water level generally varies from 6 meters to 10 meters below in pre-monsoon season. The aquifer mainly comprise of sand, silt, Kankar and occasional gravel and Pebbles. The baseline condition of ground water is given in Table no-15. However the ground water quality of 33 MLD-STP sites at Saliyar Ibrahimpur is given in Table no. 16 Source – Ground Water, Date of Sampling: 16 October 2015. Table 15 : Quality of Ground Water of Roorkee Parameter Unit Roorkee Requirement as per IS Test Method (Maqtoolp 10500-2012 uri) Desirable Permissible Limit Limit Color Hazen <5 5 Max 15 Max IS 3025 (P-4)-1983 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (P-5)-1983 Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (P-7)-1984

Parameter Unit Roorkee Requirement as per IS Test Method (Maqtoolp 10500-2012 uri) Desirable Permissible Limit Limit Turbidity NTU <1 1 Max 5 Max IS 3025 (P-10)-1984 pH Value 7.29 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 IS 3025 (P-11)-1983 Total Hard- mg/l 111 200 Max 600 Max IS 3025 (P-21)-2009 ness as CaCO3 Iron as Fe mg/l <0.1 0.3 Max 0.3 Max IS 3025 (P-53)-2003 Chlorides as mg/l 49 250 Max 1000 Max IS 3025 (P-32)-1988 Cl Residual Free mg/l Nil 0.2 Min 1.0 Min (When IS 3025 (P-26)-1986 Chlorine (When Chlorinated) Chlorinat- ed) TDS mg/l 203 500 max 2000 max. IS 3025 (P-16)-1984 Fluoride (as F) mg/l <0.01 1.0 Max 1.5 Max IS 3025 (P-60)-1984 Total Coli- per Absent IS 1622 -1981 forms 100ml

Source- Ground Water Date of sampling: 04.10.2016. Table 16 : Ground water quality at 33 MLD-STP site at Saliyar- Ibrahimpur.

BIS Limit IS 10500: 1991 Parameters/Test Result (Drinking Water) S.No. A- Physico-Chemical Value mg/l Requirement Permissible limit in (Except (Desirable limits) the absence of al- S.no. 1 to 4) ternate Source

1 Appearance Colourless Colourless -----

2 Odour Odourless Unobjectionable NS 3 pH 7.13 6.5-8.5 No relaxation 4 Turbidity(NTU) 0.412 5.0 NS

5 Total Solids 272 NS NS

6 Total Dissolved Solids 237 500.0 2000.0 7 Chlorides as Cl 14.7 250 1000

8 Total Hardness as Ca CO3 133.0 300.0 600.0 9 Sulphate as CaCO3 28.9 200.0 400.0

10 Sodium as Na 10.7 ------

11 Nitrate as NO3 .566 45.0 100.0 12 Total Alkalinity as Ca CO3 265.0 200.0 600.0 B- BACTERIOLOGICAL 1 Total Coliform MPN/100ml Nil * * 2 Fecal Coliform MPN/100ml Nil * * NS= Not specified. MPN index (Coliforms) should be nil in the drinking water.

B. Ecological Resources 55. The hilly State of Uttarakhand has a forest cover of 65 % of its total geographical areas (slightly lower than the stipulated 66.6 % forest cover for hilly states). Roorkee City is an urban area surrounded by hilly forested areas. There is no remaining natural habitat within the developed area of the City. 56. The closet protected area is Rajaji National Park. Designated as National Park in 1964, it spreads over an area of 820 square kilometers (sq. km) and is endowed with pristine beauty and rich bio-diversity. This has over 23 species of mammals, including elephants and tigers, and 315 avifauna species. The other protected areas are: (i) Mussoorie wildlife sanctuary, north of Dehradun, and (ii) Asan wetland conservation reserve, northwest of Dehradun. However, none of the subproject component located in or near these protected areas. C. Economic Development 57. Located close to the national capital Delhi and Haridwar and with its salubrious climate and natural beauty, Roorkee is an educational and institutional Centre. Roorkee finds its importance by being the host of many prominent institutions and organizations. The city has contributed to the national development by producing the finest quality engineers from the renowned University of Roorkee, now called the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. It is also the home of various government research institutes as Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Irrigation Research Institute (IRI) and the National Institute of Hydrology (NIH). It also has an army base of Bengal Engineering Group & Centre (BEG&C). 1. Agriculture 58. Owing to its hilly topography, agricultural development in the state is also limited. Although limited, the State draws advantage from fertile lands availability of abundant water. Dehradun and surroundings were well known for production the famous “Basmati” rice crop. However, of late, the development pressure has conversed many of these agricultural lands. 2. Infrastructure 59. Transportation: Roorkee is located on National Highway (NH) - 58 (Delhi- Haridwar/Dehra Dun-Shri Badrinath-Mana Pass) and NH-73 (Panchkula/Chandigarh- Yamuna Nagar-Roorkee). Roorkee comes under Northern Railway and is well -connected by trains (Shatabdi, Jan-Shatabdi, Mail/Express and Shuttle/Passenger) with a number of important Indian cities including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmadabad, Jaipur, Luckhnow, Bhopal, Gwalior, Agra, Ujjain, Indore, Dhanbad, Patna, Jammu, Puri, Amritsar, Dehra Dun etc. 60. Power supply: Hydro power is the main source of energy in Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (UJVNL) is responsible for power generation and Uttarakhand Power Corporation Limited (UPCL) is responsible for power transmission and distribution in the State. Power is supplied from the central grid by overhead cables carried on metal and concrete poles, mainly located in public areas alongside roads. The power supply is erratic and there are frequent outages in warmer months, and large fluctuations in voltage. D. Social and Cultural Resources 1. Demography 61. Haridwar district is in the western part of Uttaranchal state of India covering an area of about 12,306 sq./km and has 6 blocks, population of which is 17% of the state population. The district is ringed by Saharanpur in the west, Dehradun in the north and east, Pauri

Garhwal in the east, Muzzaffar Nagar and Bijnor in the south. The sex ratio of the district is 852 females per 1000 males which is lower than the state average of 964. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Haridwar has an average literacy rate of 56.7%, lower than the state average of 72.3 %. The male literacy rate is 64.9%, and female literacy rate is only 48.5%. Administratively district Haridwar is divided in 3 Tehsil, 6 Community De- velopment Blocks, 46 Nyaya Panchayats, 359 Grama Sabhas and 299 Gram Panchayats. 62. As of 2001 India census, Roorkee had a population of 2, 52,784. Males constituted 53% of the population and females 47%. Roorkee has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 64%: male literacy is 87%, and female literacy is 81%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. The city has 61% Hindus, 28% Muslims, 9% Punja- bis/Sikhs, 0.3% Christians and 1.7% Jains. With a population of about 2, 52,784 inhabitants, it is the third largest Municipal Council in the state of Uttarakhand, after Haridwar & Haldwani. Languages spoken are Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi. 2. History, Culture and Tourism 63. Roorkee derives its name from Ruri, the wife of a Bargujar Rajput chieftain, and earlier it was even spelled as 'ruri ki'. Vernacular belief amongst villagers around Roorkee is that it got its name from "Roron ki" i.e a dwelling of Rors. 64. The Ganga Canal flowing through Roorkee was the brainchild of Sir Proby Cautley. Its construction began in 1840, and the canal was opened by Governor-General Lord Dal- housie in April 1854. Before 1840s, when the work on the Ganga Canal began under the aegis of Proby Cautley, according to an officer in British Army, Roorkee was a mere mud built village on the banks of the hill torrent, named Solani. Digging work on the Upper Ganga Canal formally began in April 1842, and soon this village started developing into a city. The canal was formally opened in April 8, 1854, irrigating over 767,000 acres (3,100 Sq.Km) in 5,000 villages. 65. Roorkee was the capital of a Moghul Mahal (similar to a present day Pargana) during the time of Akbar, as is referred in Ain-e-Akbari, authored by Abul Fazal. During the 18th century, it came under the rule of Landhaura state, till the death of its Bargujar king, Raja Ramdaval Dev in 1813 and later became a part of the territories of the British East India Company. 66. The municipality of Roorkee was created in 1868, when it was already home to the Bengal Sappers and Miners since 1853, and two artillery units were stationed here. Today, the Roorkee Cantonment has a large army base with headquarters for Bengal Engineering Group and Centre (BEG&C), also known as Bengal Sappers, established in 1803. Later in 1901, when the city had a population of 17,197, it was made headquarters of the Roorkee Tehsil, in Saharanpur district of the United Province of the British Raj; the tehsil included in it 426 villages (of the parganas of Jwalapur, Manglaur and Bhagwanpur) and six towns, most important among them being Haridwar and Manglaur. The Old Cemetery in the city is today a protected monument, by Archaeological Survey of India. 67. Roorkee is also famous for the shrine of 13th century, Sufi saint Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari - the dargah is also known as Sarkar Sabir Pak - situated in Piran Kaliyar village, where an annual 15-day spiritual fair (Urs) is held in his honour. 68. Before the creation of Uttarakhand on November 9, 2000, Roorkee was a part of the state of Uttar Pradesh.

IV. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures 69. This section of the updated IEE reviews possible subproject-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) require that impacts and risks shall be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the subproject’s area of influence. As defined previ- ously, the primary impact areas are (i) distribution network sites; (ii) main routes and/or inter- sections which will be traversed by construction vehicles; and (iii) quarries and borrow pits as sources of construction materials. The secondary impact areas are: (i) entire Roorkee town area outside of the delineated primary impact area; and (ii) entire Haridwar district in terms of over-all environmental improvement. 70. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Sewerage in http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/environmental_assessment/eaguidelines002.asp was used to screen the subproject for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE investigation. The completed Checklist is found in Appendix 2. All the proposed subproject components will interact physically with the environment. 71. In the case of this subproject (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; and (ii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process involves excavation and earth movements (iii) mostly being located in the built-up area of Roorkee town, will not cause direct impact on biodiversity values. The subproject will be in properties owned and acquired by the local government and access to the subproject locations is through public Right of Way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur. A. Pre-construction - Location & Design 72. Site Selection The site selected for establishment of 33 MLD-STP is Saliyar Ibrahimpur village and adjacent to Landfill site. The location is upstream of Roorkee. A site visit and focused group discussion was taken up to identify the downstream impacts of the STP. The potential impacts and its analysis are: (i) Soil erosion due to discharge of STP in excess to the flow capacity of the river. Outlet structure will be constructed for smooth flow of treated water into river. So, soil erosion is not expected. (ii) Any flooding risks downstream of the discharge point. River bed is more than 50 meter width and it remains dry in most part of the year and there is not contraction of river width so flooding is not anticipated. (iii) Impact on riverine ecosystem or sensitive ecosystem if available on the downstream. The downstream is mostly agriculture and there is no sensitive ecosystem. (iv) Impact on sensitive community asset if available on the bank of the river. There is no sensitive community ecosystem. There is a community crematorium in downstream at about 2.5 km from the proposed discharge point in Solani River. So there will not be any impact due to selection of STP site at Ibrahimpur Saliar. (v) Acceptability of discharge of STP by the local people living in the downstream of the discharge point of the STP. Around 5 villages are in the downstream of the discharge point of STP. These are Saliyar, Ibrahimpur, Rampuri, Shankarpur, Brahampuri, and Khanjarpur. The Ibrahimpur is having population of about 3500.

73. Design of the Proposed Components. The Central Public Health and Environment Engineering Organization manual suggests a design period of 15-30 years. The sewerage components were designed following the recommendations of the Central Public Health and Environment Engineering Organization Manual for Waste water. 74. Impacts arise from the design of the project including the technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specification, pollution sources and ancillary services. Since this is only a rehabilitation project, no design impacts envisaged. 75. Impacts associated with the planning mainly depend on the site selection. Location impacts include on-site biophysical array and encroachment / impact either directly or indi- rectly on adjacent environments. It also includes the impacts on the people who might lose their homes or livelihoods due to the development of the proposed site. Impacts due to encroachment into private properties, forest land and cutting of trees and damage to vegetation: 76. Sewerage Network Improvement Most subproject components involve simple construction and low operation and maintenance, so it is unlikely that there will be major impacts. The pipeline replacement works, the only component that involve considerable construction activity, are located in the City area where there are no sensitive natural habitats. The pipelines are aligned in the vacant land adjacent to the roads within the ROW, so there are unlikely to be any location impacts. 77. Sewage Treatment Plant It is estimated that the proposed sewage treatment plant requires about 3 ha of land including that for green buffer areas around the plant. The IPMU has identified a site adjoining the River Solani near the agricultural land at Roorkee. This site is owned by the Nagar Nigam Department and already transferred to Uttarakhand Urban Sector for construction of 33MLD- STP at Saliyar Ibrahimpur. The photographs of construction site are given in Appendix-5. The land transfer certificate from Nagar Nigam Department is given in Appendix-7. Site has been selected based on the availability of that much of land in an isolated area and availability of irrigation land adjacent to that site, which will be irrigated by the treated effluent of the STP’s in future. 78. Due to the following reasons, this site is considered technically most appropriate for STP: (i) Topographically this site is most suitable and allows complete gravity flow system. (ii) There is no vacant government land to the tune of 3 ha is available further downstream of Solani River (iii) In general land availability in Roorkee is very limited 79. The Roorkee town is situated on the right bank of the Solani River, which is a tribu- tary of the Ganga River. The river flows north – east direction. The river is not being used as water sources because it carries water only during rainy season. Water is sometimes used for irrigation purpose and there are no domestic/industrial water extraction points on the downstream. Therefore there will not be any impacts on the River due to disposal of treated water. Actually, the river will be improved due to prevention of raw sewage disposal and since the sewage will be treated to the applicable disposal standards of surface water there will not be any impacts.

80. Sewage Pumping Station One SPS having capacity of 74 MLD is proposed at existing defunct SPS at Mahigram area of Roorkee. The existing SPS will be replaced with new one. This site is considered technically most appropriate as topographically this site is most suitable and allows complete gravity flow system. Site belongs to Uttarakhand Jal sansthan hence only transfer of land is required. Dedicated power line will be provided for operation of SPS. For alternate supply, generator will be provided. Site is located in inhabited area hence green buffer zone is proposed to take care of nuisance. SPS will be equipped with deodorization devices to take care of nearby residential areas by preventing production of odor. Removal of Grit and Plastic in raw sewage will also be taken care at Pumping stations, with their cleaning and safe disposal. The orientation of SPS will be such that to avoid any odor emissions in prevailing wind direction. 81. The second SPS having capacity 25 MLD is proposed at Ganeshpur area of Roorkee. Currently the land is vacant and unused. Site is suitable for gravity flow system. Land belong to Uttarakhand Jal sansthan hence no requirement of private land acquisition. No tree cutting is required. Dedicated power line will be provided for operation of SPS. For alternate supply, generator will be provided. Site is located in inhabited areas hence green buffer zone is proposed to take care of nuisance. SPS will be equipped with deodorization devices to take care of nearby residential areas by preventing production of odor. Removal of Grit and Plastic in raw sewage will also be taken care at Pumping stations, with their cleaning and safe disposal. The orientation of SPS will be such that to avoid any odor emissions in prevailing wind direction. 82. Climatic Change Risk -Potential flooding of STP site: Although seasonal, Solani Riv- er flow is considerable during the rains. River is very shallow and the banks are not well defined. It is possible that the site is flooded during heavy rains. However, discussion with the local people indicates that the site was not flooded recently. Therefore there may not be any flood problem; however, it is important that this factor has been considered by studying the high flood level (HFL) of the river. 83. The STP has been designed considering the high flood level (HFL). However earth- en bund and necessary slope protection measures to be provided for flood protection towards river side. The detailed engineering aspects will be undertaken by Contractor with the competent authority’s approval. 84. Odor nuisance due to STP: STP will be located in the agricultural zone where no settlement is nearby. Figure 5 shows the Wind Rose diagram of Roorkee. As shown, the prominent wind direction is from west for 20.5 % of time, south for 14 % of time and South West for 12 % of time. Calm condition is for 47 % of time. Figure 6 shows the location of STP and nearby settlement on goggle image. As shown, nearby settlements around proposed STP site are located in mostly South and South West direction and more than 500m away. The prominent wind direction is towards East and North. Hence, the proposed STP is most suitable location considering odor nuisance as nearby settlement are unlikely to be affected. 85. The STP has been planned Extended Aeration-SBR process, odor generation will be minimal. In this technology, sludge production is minimal and quality is also not offensive. Only some storage is required and after that the sludge can be utilized as manure in the nearby agricultural fields. 86. Green buffer zone: Sewage Pumping Station units are located in inhabited area hence a green buffer zone has been proposed to be developed around the SPS units to tack- le the all nuisances and aesthetic aspect. The tree species will be local species having thick

29 foliage. Also green buffer zone proposed around STP considering future development around premises. 87. Grit collection and disposal at STP: Mechanical course and fine screen will be provided at STP to prevent the grit from entering into process unit. Scraping of deposited grit at regular interval is designed by providing rotating scrapper on the screen. The collected grit being of inert nature and having small quantity will be disposed at identified site within STP premises. There is no chance of other type of solid waste such as plastic; paper, glass etc. enter into the proposed sewerage system. 88. Impairment of downstream water quality due to inadequate sewage treatment or release of untreated sewage: The disposal of treated sewage will be to Solani River through proper outfall. The disposal of untreated/partially treated sewage may deteriorate the quality of receiving water body, the Solani River. Therefore it is imperative to treat the sewage to acceptable levels. Since the river is seasonal, minimum dilution will be available and therefore requires stringent disposal standards. Further, as the Roorkee experiences large temperature fluctuations from low temperature during winters to high temperature in summers, the treatment efficiency may affect considerably. Malfunction/ overflow of units may cause flooding and nuisance. The following mitigation measures are therefore necessary to incorporate into the design: (i) Selected treatment process is suitable and withstands to large temperature fluctuations (ii) Selected treatment process involves simple operation and maintenance. (iii) STP has been designed to meet prescribed CPCB disposal standards (iv) Continues monitoring system will be developed to check the treatment efficiency. Develop laboratory facility within the STP. (v) Operational manual will be prepared as a reference guide to maintain the discharge standards. (vi) Bye-pass arrangement will be made on unit basis to avoid release of untreated sewage, if any. (vii) Uninterrupted power supply will be through dedicated power line. In case of power failure, provision of alternate power supply through generator is proposed. (viii) System has been designed to provide for high flows/volumes. Bye-pass arrangements have been made to minimize unexpected overflows. 89. Site selection of sources of materials. Extraction of materials can disrupt natural land contours and vegetation resulting in accelerated erosion, disturbance in natural drainage patterns, pounding and water logging, and water pollution. To mitigate the potential environmental impacts, locations of quarry site/s and borrow pit/s (for loose material other than stones) would be included in the design specifications and on plan drawings. Priority would be sites already permitted by Mining Department. If other sites are necessary, these would to be located away from population centers, drinking water intakes and streams, cultivable lands, and natural drainage systems; and in structurally stable areas even if some distance from construction activities. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of the Roorkee Nagar palika. If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, then the Construction Con- tractor shall use the mentioned criteria to select new quarry sites, with written approval of municipal council.

B. Construction Impacts 1. Construction Method 90. Sewerage Network Improvement: The proposed 120 km sewer network, consisting of branch, sub-main and main sewers of 200 mm to 1000 mm diameter RCC pipes, will be laid within the city area including the high density areas of the core city and low density areas in the outskirts. This network will convey sewage to proposed STP near Solani River. As earlier stated, sewers will be laid in the unused area within the ROW. In narrower roads where there is no land available, the trenches will be dug into the edge of the road. Generally in narrow roads only branch sewers of 200 mm – 250 mm will be required and bigger main sewers are located along the main roads, where generally sufficient vacant land along the road will be available. 91. Sewers will be buried in trench of 1 to 5 m deep (average is about 3 m) and width between 400 mm for 200 mm dia sewer to 1000 mm for 600 mm dia sewer. The trenches will be excavated by a backhoe digger substantiated by manual digging. Excavation in CC roads and hard rock surfaces will be carried out by handheld pneumatic drill. Excavated soil will be placed nearby and a bed of sand or gravel - obtained from local quarries, will be prepared at the bottom of the trench. Sewers (brought to site on trucks and stored on unused land nearby) will be placed in the trench over the sand/gravel bed using a small rig or manually. Pipes will be joined by hand, after which excavated soil will be replaced around and on top of the sewers manually and the refilled material will be compacted by a vibrating compressor. In- spection manholes at regular intervals in the network will be constructed in brick masonry and provided with a steel cover for inspection purposes. 92. Sewage Treatment Plant: The STP will be constructed in units of RCC structures. Foundations dug by backhoe, and concrete and aggregate will be tipped in to create the foundations, walls and floor. Large quantities of sand and aggregate will be brought to the site by trucks. Concrete will then be mixed by batch-mixing plant to be installed at the site for construction purpose. The STP equipment and pipelines will be mostly of mild steel, DI pipes which will be arranged by cranes or laid manually. About 50 workers will be employed at the site and therefore temporary labour camp may be required if workers are brought from outside. 93. Sewage Pumping Station: The SPS will be constructed in units of RCC structures. Foundations dug by backhoe, and concrete and aggregate will be tipped in to create the foundations, walls and floor. Large quantities of sand and aggregate will be brought to the site by trucks. Concrete will then be mixed by batch-mixing plant to be installed at the site for construction purpose. The pumping sets and pipelines will be mostly of mild steel, DI pipes which will be arranged by cranes or laid manually. No temporary labor camp is required. 18. Construction Impacts

94. Construction impacts are associated with site cleaning, earth works, physical construction related materials movements and works, machinery, vehicles, and workers. It also includes erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production associated with the construction activities. 95. Sources of Materials: Significant amount of gravel, sand, and cement will be required for this subproject. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Use material sources permitted by government;

(ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of design and supervision consultant (DSC); and (iii) Submit to DSC on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

96. Air Quality: Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipated impacts include dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons) but temporary and during construction activities only. To mitigate the impacts, construction contractors will be required to: (i) Consult with DSC on the designated areas for stockpiling of clay, soils, gravel, and other construction materials; (ii) Excavate the overhead storage reservoirs foundations at the same time as the access roads (if needed) are built so that dug material is used immediately, avoiding the need to stockpile on site; (iii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by spraying with water when necessary during dry weather; (iv) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; and (v) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly.

97. Earthwork involved in STP construction will also be significant. Large quantities of construction materials such as sand, cement, bricks, gravel etc will be transported, unloaded and handled at the site and therefore there is large potential to generate dust. Since the site is located in the outskirts with no major development, impact likely to be minimal. 98. Surface Water Quality: Roorkee receives high intensity rains during monsoons and there are a number of natural and man-made drainage channels criss-crossing the city to carry the runoff safely. Runoff from the excavated areas and material and waste soil stocks likely to contain silt, and this silt runoff will deteriorate the water bodies by silting. Since STP site is located adjacent to the River Solani, the runoff from the construction area likely to affect the water body. Large-scale silting is likely to lead to flooding. This impact will however be considered only during rainy season. These potential impacts are temporary and short- term duration only and to ensure these are mitigated, construction contractor will be required to: (i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; 99. The soil can be utilized for STP construction, where it appears that requires a large quantity of soil raise the level to HFL. (i) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult with DSC on designated disposal areas; (ii) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (iii) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (iv) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (v) Protection of STP site with interception drains

(vi) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). 100. Noise Levels. There are no health facilities, scheduled or unscheduled historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural sites near the construction sites. However, construction works will be on settlements, along and near schools, and areas with small- scale businesses. The sensitive receptors are the general population in these areas. In- crease in noise level may be caused by excavation equipment, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. Impact is negative, short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Plan activities in consultation with DSC so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Require horns not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. 101. Existing Infrastructure and Facilities. Excavation works can damage existing infrastructure located alongside roads, in particular water supply pipes. It will be particularly important to avoid damaging existing water pipes. It is therefore important that construction contractors will be required to: (i) Obtain from DSC the list of affected utilities and operators; and (ii) Prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services 102. Landscape and Aesthetics:The construction works will produce excess excavated, excess construction materials, and solid waste such as removed concrete, wood, trees and plants, packaging materials, empty containers, spoils, oils, lubricants, and other similar items. These impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Prepare and implement Waste Management List; (ii) Avoid stockpiling of excess excavated soils; (iii) Coordinate with UPJN for beneficial uses of excess excavated soils or immediately dispose to designated areas; (iv) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the sites; (v) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and (vii) Request DSC to report in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work. 103. Surface and Groundwater Quality: Another physical impact that is often associated with excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. To ensure that water will not pond in pits and voids near subproject location, the construction contractor will be required to conduct excavation works on non- monsoon season.

104. Roorkee receives high rains during the monsoon, and there are a number of natural and man-made drainage channels criss-crossing the City to carry runoff safely. Runoff from the excavated areas, and material and waste soil stocks likely to contain silt, and this silt runoff will deteriorate the water bodies by silting. Large-scale silting can lead to flooding. Since STP site is located adjacent to the River Solani, the runoff from the construction area likely to affect the water body. Large scale silting may affect the flow any cause flooding. The following measures are suggested to mitigate the impact: (i) Avoid excavation activities during monsoon. Ensure that works complete before onset of monsoon. (ii) Minimize on-site storage of waste soil/material. (iii) Provide interception drains to avoid submergence of trenches, and dispose the runoff quickly. (iv) Protection of STP site with interception drains 105. Accessibility. Hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can cause traffic problems. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (iii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; (iv) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (v) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (vi) Coordinate with government’s traffic department for temporary road diversions and with for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours; and (vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns and/or complaints. 106. Socio-Economic – Income. The subproject components will be located in government land. Construction works will impede the access of residents to specific site in limited cases. The potential impacts are negative and moderate but short-term and temporary. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (ii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access across for people and vehicles; (iii) Increase workforce in front of critical areas such as institutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospitals, and schools; (iv) Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and (v) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns and/or complaints. 107. Socio-Economic – Employment. Manpower will be required during the 18-months construction stage. This can result to generation of contractual employment and increase in local revenue. Thus potential impact is positive and long-term. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Employ majority of the labor force, or to the maximum extent, local persons within the 2-kms immediate area if manpower is available; and

(ii) If available, secure construction materials from local market. 108. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from working in height and excavation works. Potential impacts are negative and long-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Develop and implement site-specific health and safety plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use Personal Protective Equipment; (c) health and safety training for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; (ii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; (iii) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; (iv) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (v) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) Provide health and safety orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (viii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (ix) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 decibels for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

109. Community Health and Safety. Hazards posed to the public, specifically in high- pedestrian areas may include traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians. In most of the cases location of project sites at isolated area, hence health and safety risk to community is minimum. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to: (i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities; (ii) Liaise with DSC in identifying risk areas on route cards and/or maps; (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to mini mize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure; and (iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions, in case of location near the road.

110. Work Camps: Operation of work camps can cause temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. Consultation with DSC revealed that it is unlikely that work camps are required for this subproject. In the case that it will be needed, the construction contractor will be required to: (i) Consult with DSC before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; (ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; (iii) Provide water and sanitation facilities for employees; (iv) Prohibit employees from cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and (ix) Request DSC to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work. 111. Social and Cultural Resources: For this subproject, excavation will occur at specific isolated location, so it could be that there is a low risk of such impacts. Nevertheless, the construction contractor will be required to: (i) Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected (ii) Inform DSC if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring its removal or protection in site; and (iii) Request DSC or any authorized person with archaeological and/or historical field training to observe excavation. C. Operational and Maintenance (O& M) Impacts 112. The main operation and maintenance activity involved in this subproject is sewage treatment to applicable standards and clearance of blockages and leaks in the sewer network in order to allow smooth sewage flow. Blockages in the sewers will be removed using sewer jetting equipment or manually. Sewers will be accessed through manholes. Leak repair work will be similar to the sewer laying work as earlier explained. Trenches will be dug to reveal the leaking area and the faulty sewer will be re-fitted, or the sewer will be removed and replaced if necessary. 113. Recurrence of blockage and leakage problems: Although the impact is likely to be minimal due to new and well design efficient system, it should be ensured that leak detection and restoration time is minimized to the extent possible. 114. Degradation of environmental quality such as surface water and ground water: Deg- radation of treatment efficiency may deteriorate the quality of receiving water body, the Solani River. Therefore it must be ensured that treated water meets the set disposal standards. Mitigation Measures are: (i) Treated water should meet disposal standard for BOD, TSS, Fecal coli forms etc. (ii) Conduct regular (daily) wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and outlet of treatment plant)

(iii) Conduct regular (monthly) quality monitoring of Solani River water on the downstream side of disposal point (iv) Conduct occasional (thrice-a-year) ambient air quality monitoring 115. Occupational Health and Safety of workmen engaged for operation of the plant: STP operation involves handling of large quantities of potentially hazardous sewage and sludge. Therefore workers involved in operation may at health risk, if appropriate precautions are not in place. Mitigation Measures are: (i) Protective appropriate personal protective gear such as boots, gloves, masks at all the workers. (ii) Eliminate manual handling of wastewater/sludge. (iii) Provide training for workers in system operation and maintenance and safety related aspects (iv) Ensure adequate emergency first-aid facilities in the facility. 116. Nuisance to the people living adjacent to the SPS & STP: Improper operation and breakdown will lead to the accumulation of untreated wastewater at the plant site that may cause malodorous conditions and nuisance to the surrounding population. To minimize this impact, Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) detailing the operational procedures, preventive maintenance of equipments etc. will be prepared. Regular training shall be provided to the workmen and staff. Green buffer zone will help in reducing nuisances and will enhance aesthetic condition of area. Dedicated power line will be provided for operation of STP and SPS. For alternate supply, generator will be provided. D. Cumulative Impact Assessment 117. The cumulative impact assessment examined the interaction between the subproject’s residual effects (i.e., those effects that remain after mitigation measures have been applied) and those associated with other past, existing and reasonably foreseeable future projects or activities. The interaction of residual effects associated with multiple projects and/or activities can result in cumulative impacts, both positive and negative. The subproject’s potential cumulative effects were considered with respect to valued components in the categories of environmental, socio-economic, and heritage resources in four areas: (i) Any potential residual project effects that may occur incrementally over time; (ii) Consideration of other known relevant projects or activities within the specified study area boundaries, even if not directly related to the subproject; (iii) Potential overlapping impacts that may occur due to other developments, even if not directly related to the proposed project; and (iv) Future developments that is reasonably foreseeable and sufficiently certain to proceed. 118. In addition, the cumulative impact assessment considered the scope or influence of the subproject. Two boundaries, spatial and temporal, were used. Given there is no sewerage system exists in Roorkee at present and proposed sewer system is designed considering future population growth, there are no significant cumulative impacts expected on the future sewerage management. 119. The subproject updated IEE has identified the valued components as air quality, water (surface and groundwater) quality, noise, geophysical (hydro geological), traffic management, social-economic and socio-community, and human health. There are no foreseeable projects that will overlap with the subproject. The spatial boundary of the subproject is the

37 area along the alignment and the existing ROWs and STP & SPS locations. The temporal boundary can be considered as the whole Roorkee town. 120. Air quality effects will occur during construction. Consequently, although emissions of common air contaminants (CAC) and fugitive dust may be elevated in proximity to active work sites, this impact will be short-term and localized to the immediate vicinity of the alignment. Greenhouse gas emissions may increase as a result of project activities (i.e., vehicle and equipment operation, concrete production, disposal of excavated material, land filling of residual wastes). Given the subproject’s relatively minor contribution to CAC and greenhouse gas emissions during construction, the overall significance rating of both these potential residual effects is considered to be negligible during construction. 121. During construction noise levels in the immediate proximity of most work sites are expected to increase. The duration of this exposure will be relatively brief. This exposure represents a temporary, localized, adverse residual effect of low to moderate significance for affected receptors. While building damage due to ground vibrations is unlikely, there may annoyance to spatially located receptors during construction. Noise levels associated with the project operations will be largely imperceptible as the SPS are located in relatively small sites within the town proper. 122. Land use/traffic management concerns will occur spatially during construction. Dur- ing construction, site-specific mitigation measures will be implemented to address temporary disruptions to land use and access in the vicinity of the alignment such as road and sidewalk closures, traffic delays and detours, parking modifications, and increased volumes of construction–related traffic. There should be improved traffic movement along the alignment once construction is completed. Since the subproject will be built in undeveloped land ear- marked for this purposes, it will not conflict with existing or planned land use. However, following improvement in infrastructures and services, added residential developments, commercial and business facilities and increased densities are expected to develop and enhance the subproject area. This can be considered a long-term cumulative benefit of the subproject. 123. Adverse impacts such as localized disruption of vehicle traffic and pedestrian movements in areas along the alignment, and elevated CAC and fugitive dust emissions in proximity to work sites, elevated noise and vibration levels and visual impacts will occur during construction. These short-term effects will be mitigated by providing alternate travel routes or alternating traffic movements and, where possible, access to businesses, schools and resi- dences. However, upon completion of construction the socio-community will benefit from improved sewerage system. This is considered a long-term cumulative benefit. 124. Development at the pump houses sites and in the vicinity of the subproject may result in similar impacts relative to water quality and soils, but each impact are independent of one another and are mitigated on a site-specific basis. Further, while water quality impacts have the ability to compound when taking into account regional water basins into consideration, the subproject will be required to adhere to the mandatory state and local laws, ordi- nances, regulations, and water quality standards. Regional geologic impacts do not generally compound, and are limited to the site at which they occur. 125. The subproject, when considered with other projects in the same watershed, may result in cumulative impacts to surface and groundwater quality from increased surface im- permeability and resultant runoff. Construction projects could result in increased erosion from exposed soil areas, which could contribute sediments into local drainage courses and other waterways. However, it is reasonably assumed that new construction associated with future projects will be required to meet national, state, and local construction and operation stand-

38 ards at least as rigorous as those required at present. Therefore, the potential for cumulative impacts to water quality and soils is deemed to be less than significant. 126. No adverse residual effects to human health will occur as a result of subproject construction or operation. While exposure to elevated noise levels and fugitive dust and CAC emissions will occur in proximity to subproject work sites during construction, due to their short-term, localized nature, these effects are expected to be minor and insignificant with no measurable effects on human health. The subproject operations will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of sewerage system and community livability in Roorkee.

Figure 5 : Wind Rose Diagram of Roorkee Town

Source: Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board, Dehradun

Figure 6 : STP Location and Nearby Settlement on Google Image

V. Institutional Arrangements 127. The Urban Development Department (UDD) is the Executing Agency (EA) of the In- vestment Program. The EA has set up a state-level Investment Program Management Unit (PMU).The Implementing Agencies (IAs) for the Investment Program are: the Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam (UPJN) for sewerage and sewerage sub-projects, and the Public Works Department (PWD) for roads and traffic management sub-projects. A special cell within the PMU, with assistance from Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), will be the IA for solid waste management and slum improvement sub-projects. The IAs will set-up district-level Investment Program Implementation Units (PIUs) to manage implementation of sub-projects in their districts. The PMU is assisted by Investment Program Management Consultants (PMC) who provides program management support, assure the technical quality of design and construction, and provide advice on policy reforms. PIUs will be assisted by Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC), who design the infrastructure, manage tendering of Contractors and supervise the construction process. Construction Con- tractors (CC) are appointed to build elements of the infrastructure. The CCs are managed by the PIUs, and construction activities are supervised by the DSC. 128. An Environment and Social Management Cell (EMSC) has been set up within the PMU to address environmental and social issues of UUSDIP, and is staffed by an Environmental Spe- cialist and a Social Development Specialist. The EMSC is assisted by the PMC. The DSC through their environment specialists are conducting environmental assessments including the preparation of IEEs or EIAs and other assessments required for clearances. The DSC is also responsible for incorporation of mitigation measures in design and construction and construction-stage environmental monitoring. 129. The PMC reviews and approve IEEs, oversee disclosure and consultations, and will monitor the implementation of environmental monitoring plan and environmental management plan where required. The CC is responsible to implement mitigation measures in construction. Implementation of mitigation and monitoring measures during the operation and maintenance (O&M) is the responsibility of the respective IAs, which are also the O&M agencies. Government regulatory agencies such as the Uttarakhand Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Board (UEPPCB) are also monitor the environmental performance according to government regulations. 130. The Construction of 33MLD-STP and laying of sewer lines at Roorkee will be supervised by DSC and implemented and managed by IPIU and IPMU. VI. Grevances Redress Mechanism 131. As the work is being done in inhabited areas, most of the impacts are construction- related, and therefore it is anticipated that improper or inadequate implementation of EMP may lead to disturbance and inconvenience to local people. In order to provide a direct channel to the affected persons for approaching project authorities and have their grievance recorded and re- dressed in an appropriate time frame, IPMU will establish a Grievance Redress Mechanism, which will be functioned throughout the construction period. 132. A Complaint receiving system will be put in place at each site with the help of CAPP NGO. A Complaint Register and Complaint Forms will be made available at the site office of each contractor, with a display board indicating availability of such facility. This will accept complaints regarding the environment safeguard issues in implementation of the subproject. The grievances received and actions taken will be included into the environmental monitoring reports submitted to ADB. The following 4-stage process will be followed in grievance redress:

133. Stage 1: Complaints received (written or oral communication) will be registered in Com- plaint Register assigning complaint number with date of receipt (i) The DSC/IPIU will review the complaint and direct the Contractor for necessary action; depending on the type/nature of complaint the Contractor will be given reasonable time for corrective action (ii) CAPP NGO will inform the complainant, within 24 hours, the time frame in which the corrective action will be taken by e-mail or telephonically; if the grievance referred will not fall under the purview of the subproject/program, the same will be intimated to the complainant (iii) Contractor will take corrective action or as directed by DSC (iv) The CAPP NGO in coordination with DSC will conduct the site visit to check the action taken and its appropriateness (v) The action taken will be documented in the Complaint Register, and the complaint will be closed if it is satisfactorily addressed, and the complainant will be informed through e- mail/telephonically 134. Stage 2: In case of no satisfactory action in Stage-1, the complainant can approach IPMU/IPMC for necessary action; CAPP NGO will assist the complainant in this: (i) IPMU with the assistance of IPMC will initiate action and take the corrective measures as required, and CAPP NGO will intimate the complainant about the action taken (ii) Upon satisfaction of complainant, the case will be closed and marked as resolved 135. Stage 3: if non-satisfied stage-2, the complainant can approach the Grievance Redress Committee. 136. Stage 4: If it is not resolved at GRC, the complainant can approach Court of Law. Howev- er, as none of the impacts are complex, long-term or significant, it is unlikely that there will be any unresolved issues after the first three stages. 137. Grievance Redress Committee: The City Level Committee (CLC) will act as a grievance redress committee (GRC) for both environment & social safeguard issues. The CLC is chaired by Mayor of Roorkee Nagar Palika and has member from civil society, elected representatives and government officials. Grievances related to environmental safeguards will be handling by CLC in its regular meetings. The IPMU Environment Officer and CAPP NGO will assist the CLC in these matters.

VII. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

A. Public Consultation Conducted 138. Most of the main stakeholders have already been identified and consulted during updation of this IEE, and any others that are identified during project implementation will be brought into the process in the future. Primary stakeholders are: (i) IPMU (ii) IPIU (Central) (iii) Residents, shopkeepers and businesspeople who live and work alongside the roads in which network improvements will be provided and near sites where facilities will be built (iv) Other State and local authorities. 139. Secondary stakeholders are: (i) Other concerned government institutions (utilities, regulators, etc) (ii) NGOs and CBOs working in the affected communities; (iii) Other community representatives (prominent citizens, elders, women’s groups); (iv) The beneficiary community in general; and (v) ADB as the funding agency 140. A series of public consultation meetings were conducted during the project preparation. Various forms of public consultations (consultation through ad hoc discussions on site and town- level consultation) have been used to discuss the project and involve the community in planning the project and mitigation measures. The consultation are carried out through out in the year 2010 and continued in the year 2011 also. Issues discussed were: (i) Awareness and extent of the project and development components (ii) Benefits of Project for the economic and social Upliftment of Community (iii) Labor availability in the Project area or requirement of outside labor involvement (iv) Local disturbances due to Project Construction Work (v) Necessity of tree felling etc. at project sites (vi) Water logging and drainage problem if any (vii) Drinking water problem (viii) Forest and sensitive area nearby the project site 141. Local populations are very much interested on the project and they will help project authorities in all aspects. Public consultation and focus group discussion are carried out with Gen- eral Public, Minority group, Women group and Scheduled Cast group, detail of which is given in Table No. 17. The specific consultation where held with public for location of SPS at Ganeshpur and Mahigram area to make them aware the function and requirement of SPS and its potential O&M impacts and mitigation measures. The lists of participants are given in Appendix 3.

Major Issues discussed during Public consultation are

(i) Proposed sewerage project should cover all wards of city. (ii) Executing agency (EA) should give preference to engage reputed contractor like as people do not faith about the local contractors in respect of quality of works as well as timely completion of work; (iii) Livelihood affected households should be given assistance in the mode of cash compensation; (iv) Local people should be employed by the contractor during construction work; (v) Adequate safety measures should be taken during construction work;

(vi) Local people have appreciated the sewerage proposal of the government and they have ensured that they will cooperate with the Executing Agency during project implementation. (vii) Location of sewage pumping station and potential O&M impacts.

Table 17 : Detail of Focus Group Discussions with General Public Group at Roorkee Target Location Date No. of Issues discussed & outcome Group Partici- General Ganeshpur, 18th April 2011 14 Program is good and acceptable Public to public Awas Vikas West 20th April 2011 20 No proper sewerage system in Amber Talab town Subhash Nagar & 20th April 2011 11 Hand pump supplying bad quality Rajendra Nagar of water Ram Nagar 20th April 2011 10 Sewage treatment should be provided Purani Tehsil 27th April 2011 12 No disruption should be to water Adarsh Nagar 27th April 2011 18 supply during construction activity Access blockage during construc- Civil Lines 27th April 2011 12 tion is acceptable for short period. Perceived that water supply and New Basti 19th April 2011 18 quality will be improved after implementation of project Sunehera Gaon 19th April 2011 14 Local people are to be consulted during all stages of project Ward 3, Sekhpuri 19th April 2011 18 Vendors and shop keepers may be affected during construction Chaw Mandi 18th April 2011 16 time West Amber Talab 19th April 2011 11 Hawkers are ready to shift during construction activity Women Bharat Nagar 19th April 2011 20 Adequate compensation for af- Group fected livelihood should be given Minority Gulab Nagar 20th April 2011 22 Group Mahi gran 19th April 2011 17 Scheduledrd 1, Valmiki Basti th April 2011 20 Cast HawkGrouper’s Nagar (IIT Polaristh April 2011 11 Group Chowk)

142. Public Consultation for construction for 33MLD STP at Saliyar-Ibrahimpur at Roorkee: The Public consultation has been organized in Roorkee on 28 April 2016 at Roorkee Munici- pal Corporation Conference hall to discuss the proposed sub-projects of tube wells. The details of public consultation including attendance sheet and photographs are given in Ap- pendix.3 & Appendix.6. People did not raise any objection of construction of 33MLD-STP at Roorkee. These concerns were recorded and will be attended by the contractors. The public consultation notice was published in daily newspaper. The updated IEE was disclosed to the local community. The description of proposed construction of 33MLD-STP at Saliyar Ibrahimpur and laying of sewer lines at Roorkee were explained during the public consult a- tion. The details of public consultation conducted by IPMU/IPIU are given in Table no.18 & Table no.19.

Table 18 : Details of public consultation by IPMU/IPIU for 33MLD-STP at Roorkee Consultation Details Schedule Participants No. of participants Public Consultation for con- 28 April 2016 People of Roorkee 23 struction of 33 MLD-STP and laying of sewer lines at Roorkee Issues raised in the public consultation and its action plan The issues and action plan are given in Table No.19 Table 19 : Issues and action plan discussed during public consultation Issues Action Plan No issue was raised for construction of 33 Mitigations measures of this IEE will prevail. MLD-STP at Roorkee but the issue of Road restoration may be raised during laying of sewer line.

B. Future consultation and disclosure 143. The public consultation shall be a continuous process and will continue in the future. The IPMU will extend and expand the consultation and disclosure process during implementation. An experienced NGO will be appointed to handle this key aspect of the programme, who will conduct a wide range of activities in relation to all subprojects in each town, to ensure that the needs and concerns of stakeholders are registered, and are addressed in project design, construction or operation where appropriate. The programme of activities will be developed during the detailed design stage, and is likely to include the following: 1. Consultation during construction: (i) Public meetings with affected communities to discuss and plan work programs and allow issues to be raised and addressed once construction has started; (ii) Smaller-scale meetings to discuss and plan construction work with individual communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts, and provide a mechanism through which stakeholders can participate in subproject monitoring and evaluation; 2. Project disclosure: (i) Public information campaigns to explain the project to the wider city population and prepare them for disruption they may experience once the construction programme is underway; (ii) Public disclosure meetings at key project stages to inform the public of progress and future plans, and to provide copies of summary documents in Hindi; (iii) Formal disclosure of completed project reports by making copies available at con- venient locations in the study towns, informing the public of their availability, and providing a mechanism through which comments can be made.

VIII. Environmental Management Plan

A. Environment Mitigation and Monitoring Program 144. The potential impacts identified and assessed and the mitigation measures formulated to minimize those impacts to acceptable levels identified in the earlier sections are summarized in the following tables. The table also delegates the responsibility of implementing mitigation to various agencies involved in the program implemented as listed above. 145. The environmental impact mitigation plan has been prepared based on the mitigation hierarchy of avoidance, minimization, rehabilitation/ restoration and offsetting. Necessary measures have been suggested to take action in preconstruction stage to avoid and minimize the impacts. These preconstruction impacts and mitigation plan has been given in Ta- ble no. 20. The construction stage impact and its mitigation plan have been provided in Ta- ble no. 21. The operation stage impacts and its mitigation plan have been provided in Table no. 22. 146. The environmental monitoring plans have been prepared for pre-construction, during construction and operation stage and are given in Table 23, Table 24 and Table 25 respectively.

Table 20 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Pre-construction Environmental Mitigation Plan Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation for Mitigation Utilities Telephone lines, electric poles (i) Identify and include locations and operators of these utilities in DSC (i) List of affected utilities and wires, water lines within the detailed design documents to prevent unnecessary disrup- and operators; proposed project area tion of services during construction phase; and (ii) Bid document to include (ii) Require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan requirement for a contin- to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption gency plan for service in- of services. terruptions Water Supply Health risk due to closure of (i) Plan the construction program to keep the cessation of water IPIU (i) Schedule of closure; water supply supplies to the minimum possible (in both area and duration); (ii) Delivery of potable water (ii) In coordination with UPJN, provide alternative potable water to to affected people by affected households and businesses for the duration of the shut- UPJN down; and (iii) Liaise with affected persons to inform them of any cessation in advance, and to ensure that they are provided with an alternative supply. Social and Cultural Ground disturbance can un- (i) Consult ASI or concerned department of State government to IPIU & DSC Chance Finds Protocol Resources cover and damage archaeolog- obtain an expert assessment of the archaeological potential of ical and historical remains the site; (ii) Consider alternatives if the site is found to be of medium or high risk; (iii) Develop a protocol for use by the construction contractors in conducting any excavation work, to ensure that any chance finds are recognized and measures are taken to ensure they are protected and conserved. Construction work Disruption to traffic flow and (i) Prioritize areas within or nearest possible vacant space in the IPIU and DSC (i) List of selected sites for camps (if needed), sensitive receptors subproject location; to determine construction work camps, hot mix plants, (ii) If it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, consider sites locations prior hot mix plants, stockpile stockpile areas, stor- that will not promote instability and result in destruction of prop- to award of areas, storage areas, and age areas, and dis- erty, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems; construction disposal areas. posal areas. (iii) Do not consider residential areas; contracts. (iv) Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to water body which will inconvenience the community. Sources of Materials Extraction of materials can (v) Prioritize sites already permitted by the Mining Department; IPIU and DSC (ii) List of approved quarry disrupt natural land contours (vi) If other sites are necessary, inform construction contractor that it to prepare list sites and sources of ma- and vegetation resulting in is their responsibility to verify the suitability of all material of approved terials; accelerated erosion, disturb- sources and to obtain the approval of IPIU and quarry sites Bid document to include ance in natural drainage pat- (vii) If additional quarries will be required after construction is start- and sources of requirement for verifica- 47

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation for Mitigation terns, ponding and water log- ed, inform construction contractor to obtain a written approval materials tion of suitability of ging, and water pollution. from IPIU. sources and permit for additional quarry sites if necessary. ASI = Archeological Survey of India, DSC = design supervision consultant, IPIU = Investment Program Implementation Units, UPJN = Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam.

Table 21 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Construction Environmental Mitigation Plan Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation Sources of Materials Extraction of rocks and material (i) Use quarry sites and sources permitted by government; Construction Con- Construction Contractor doc- may cause ground instability. (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approv- tractor umentation al of Investment IPIU; (iii) If additional quarries will be required after construction has started, obtain written approval from IPIU; and (iv) Submit to DSC on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials. Air Quality Emissions from construction (i) Consult with IPIU/DSC on the designated areas for stock- Construction Con- (i) Location of stockpiles; vehicles, equipment, and ma- piling of clay, soils, gravel, and other construction materi- tractor (ii) Complaints from sensi- chinery used for excavation and als; tive receptors; construction resulting to dusts (ii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by (iii) Heavy equipment and and increase in concentration of spraying with water when necessary during dry weather; machinery with air pollu- vehicle-related pollutants such (iii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material tion control devices; as carbon monoxide, sulfur ox- when transported by trucks; and (iv) Ambient air for parame- ides, particulate matter, nitrous (iv) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution ters PM2.5, PM10, Sul- oxides, and hydrocarbons). control devices which are operating correctly. phur dioxide, Nitrogen (v) Conduct Air quality monitoring for parameters PM2.5, dioxide. PM10, Sulphur dioxide, Nitrogen dioxide on quarterly ba- (v) Vehicular emissions such sis throughout year except monsoons. as SO2, NO2, CO, and hydrocarbons Surface water quality Mobilization of settled silt mate- (i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the mon- Construction Con- (i) Areas for stockpiles, stor- rials, run-off from stockpiled ma- soon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic tractor age of fuels and lubricants terials, and chemical contamina- sheets; and waste materials; tion from fuels and lubricants (ii) The soil can be utilized for STP construction, where it (ii) Number of silt traps in- during construction works can appears that it requires a large quantity of soil raise the stalled along drainages contaminate nearby surface wa- level to HFL. leading to water bodies; ter quality. (iii) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the (iii) Records of surface water construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult with quality inspection;

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation IPIU/DSC on designated disposal areas; (iv) Effectiveness of water (iv) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along management measures; the drainage leading to the water bodies; (v) For inland water: sus- (v) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from pended solids, oil and any drainage leading to water bodies; grease, BOD, and coli- (vi) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities forms. in designated sites; and Protection of STP site with interception drains. (vii) Conduct surface quality monitoring on quarterly basis throughout year except monsoons.. Noise Levels Increase in noise level due to (i) Plan activities in consultation with IPIU/DSC so that facili- Construction Con- (i) Complaints from sensitive earth-moving and excavation ties with the greatest potential to generate noise are contractor receptors; equipment, and the transporta- ducted during periods of the day which will result in least (ii) Use of silencers in noise- tion of equipment, materials, and disturbance; producing equipment and people. (ii) Require horns not be used unless it is necessary to warn sound barriers; and other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Equivalent day and night (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using time noise levels vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 dBA when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. (v) Conduct noise quality monitoring on quarterly basis throughout year except monsoons Existing Infrastructure and Disruption of service and dam- (i) Obtain from IPIU/DSC the list of affected utilities and Construction Con- Existing Utilities Contin- Facilities age to existing infrastructure at operators if any; tractor gency Plan specified project location. (ii) (ii) Prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of service Landscape and Aesthetics Solid wastes as well as excess (i) Prepare and implement Waste Management Plan; Construction (i) Waste Management Plan; construction materials. (ii) Avoid stockpiling of excess excavated soils; Contractor (ii) Complaints from sensitive (iii) Coordinate with UPJN for beneficial uses of excess exca- receptors; and vated soils or immediately dispose to designated areas; (iii) IPIU/DSC to report in (iv) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove writing that the necessary from the sites; environmental restoration (v) Manage solid waste according to the following preference work has been adequately hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated ar- performed before ac- 49

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation eas; ceptance of work. (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish; and (vii) Request IPIU/DSC to report in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work. Surface and Ground water Runoff from the excavated are- (i) Avoid excavation activities during monsoon. Ensure that Construction (i) Waste Management Plan; quality as, and material and waste soil works complete before onset of monsoon. Contractor (ii) Complaints from sensitive stocks likely to contain silt, and (ii) Minimize on-site storage of waste soil/material. receptors; this silt runoff will deteriorate the (iii) Provide interception drains to avoid submergence of water bodies by silting. trenches, and dispose the runoff quickly. (iv) Protection of STP site with interception drains (v) Conduct surface water quality monitoring on quarterly basis throughout year except monsoons. Accessibility Traffic problems and conflicts (i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; near project locations and haul use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of Contractor (ii) Complaints from sensitive road delivery sites; receptors; and (ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak (iii) Number of signages hours; placed at subproject loca- (iii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low tion. potential for traffic congestion; (iv) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (v) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (vi) Coordinate with Roorkee Municipal Traffic Office for temporary road diversions and with for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours; (vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints; and (viii) Provide planks across trenches in front of businesses, and ensure works are completed quickly to avoid disruption. Socio-Economic – In- Impede the access of residents (i) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive come. and customers to nearby shops. (ii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required for Contractor receptors; and people; (ii) Number of walkways, (iii) Increase workforce in front of critical areas such as insti- signages, and metal tutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospi- sheets placed at subpro- 50

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation tals, and schools; ject location. (iv) Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and (v) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. Socio-Economic – Em- Generation of contractual em- (i) Employ at least 50% of the labor force, or to the maxi- Construction (i) Records of sources of ployment ployment and increase in local mum extent, local persons within the 2-km immediate ar- Contractor materials revenue ea if manpower is available; and (ii) Secure construction materials from local market. Occupational Health and Occupational hazards which can (ii) Develop and implement site-specific health and safety Construction (i) Site-specific health and Safety arise during work plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding Contractor safety plan; public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided (ii) Equipped first-aid sta- with and use Personal Protective Equipment like helmet, tions; gumboot, safety belt, gloves, nose musk and ear plugs; (iii) Medical insurance cover- (c) health and safety training for all site personnel; (d) age for workers; documented procedures to be followed for all site activi- (iv) Number of accidents; ties; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; (v) Supplies of potable drink- (iii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. ing water; Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible (vi) Clean eating areas where throughout the site; workers are not exposed (iv) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; to hazardous or noxious (v) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and substances; accident risks; (vii) record of health and safe- (vi) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; ty orientation trainings (vii) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not ex- (viii) personal protective posed to hazardous or noxious substances; equipments; (viii) Provide health and safety orientation training to all new (ix) % of moving equipment workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site outfitted with audible rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, back-up alarms; and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (x) sign boards for hazardous (ix) Provide visitor orientation, if visitors to the site can gain areas such as energized access to areas where hazardous conditions or sub- electrical devices and stances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not lines, service rooms hous- enter hazard areas unescorted; ing high voltage equip- (x) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high ment, and areas for stor- visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy age and disposal. 51

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation equipment operating areas; (xi) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back- up alarms; (xii) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xiii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dB (A) for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. Community Health and Traffic accidents and vehicle (i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities; Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; Safety. collision with pedestrians during (ii) Liaise with IPIU/DSC in identifying high-risk areas on Contractor (ii) Complaints from sensitive material and waste transporta- route cards/maps; receptors tion. (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer- approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure; and (iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn. Work Camps (if needed) Temporary air and noise pollu- (i) Consult with IPIU/DSC before locating project offices, Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive tion from machine operation, sheds, and construction plants; Contractor receptors; water pollution from storage and (ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of (ii) Water and sanitation use of fuels, oils, solvents, and trees; facilities for employees; lubricants (iii) Provide water and sanitation facilities for employees; and (iv) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of (iii) IPIU/DSC report in writing trees for firewood; that the camp has been (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials vacated and restored to which can potentially cause soil contamination; pre-project conditions (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures 52

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitigation Mitigation (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) which are no longer required; and (ix) Request IPIU/DSC to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work. (x) No labor camp to be set up nearby river bank. Social and Cultural Re- Risk of archaeological (i) Strictly follow the protocol for chance finds in any excava- Construction Records of chance finds sources chance finds tion work; Contractor (ii) Request IPIU/DSC or any authorized person with archaeological field training to observe excavation; (iii) Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected; and (iv) Inform IPIU/DSC if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring its removal or protection in situ. BOD = biological oxygen demand, CO = carbon monoxide, dBA = decibels, DSC = design and supervision consultant, IPIU = Investment Program Management Unit, km = kilometer, m = meter, Nox = nitrous oxide, RPM = Respirable particulate matter, SO2= Sulphur dioxide, PM2.5 = Particulate matter of size less than 2.5, PM10-Particulate matter whose size less than 10 microns, UPJN = Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam.

Table 22 : Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures – Operations and Maintenance Environmental Mitigation Plan Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitiga- Mitigation tion General General impact (i) Refill and re-compact trenches soil and backfilled sand will be removed to UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi- expose the leaking junction or pipe Contractors tive receptors (ii) Conduct work during non-monsoon period; and (iii) Cover or wet excavated material to prevent dusts. Social and Cul- Temporary disruption of (i) Consult the city authorities to identify any buildings at risk from vibration UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi- tural Resources activities damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the Contractors tive receptors vicinity; (ii) Complete work in sensitive areas quickly; (iii) Consult municipal authorities, custodians of important buildings, cultural and tourism authorities and local communities in advance of the work to identify and address key issues, and avoid working at sensitive times, such as religious and cultural festivals. Water quality Degradation of treatment (i) Treated water should meet disposal standard for BOD, TSS, Fecal coli form, UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi- efficiency may deteriorate COD, Nitrate and Phosphate etc. Contractors tive receptors the quality of receiving (ii) Conduct regular (daily) wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and outlet of water body, the Solani Riv- treatment plant) er. (iii) Conduct regular (monthly) quality monitoring of Solani River water on the downstream side of disposal point (iv) Also conduct monitoring from third party twice a year for all the parameters as mentioned above. Air quality During degradation pro- (i) Conduct twice a year ambient air quality monitoring for parameters like O&M Contractors Complaints from sensi- cess obnoxious gases from PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, H2S and CH4 for five years in O&M period. tive receptors plant site will generate Noise quality During operation phase lot Conduct noise quality monitoring twice a year for five year. O&M Contractors Complaints from sensi- of noise generate from tive receptors decanting process Occupational STP operation involves (i) Protective appropriate personal protective gear such as boots, gloves, UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi- Health and handling of large quantities masks at all the workers. Contractors tive receptors safety of potentially hazardous (ii) Eliminate manual handling of wastewater/sludge. sewage and sludge. There- (iii) Provide training for workers in system operation and maintenance and safe- fore workers involved in ty related aspects operation may at health (iv) Ensure adequate emergency first-aid facilities in the facility. risk Nuisance to Improper operation and (i) Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) detailing the operational proce- UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi-

Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Mitiga- Mitigation tion people living breakdown will lead to the dures, preventive maintenance of equipment etc. will be prepared. Contractors tive receptors adjacent to STP accumulation of untreated (ii) Regular training shall be provided to the workmen and staff. & SPS wastewater at the plant site (iii) Green buffer zone will help in reducing nuisances and will enhance aesthetic that may cause malodor- condition of area. ous conditions and nui- (iv) Dedicated power line will be provided for operation of STP and SPS. For sance to the surrounding alternate supply, generator will be provided. population. Sludge gener- Dumping of Sludge within (i) Proper collection, treatment and storage of Sludge within STP site. UPJN and O&M Complaints from sensi- ated from STP STP site can cause nui- (ii) Proper care will be taken for drying of sludge and to ensure no epidemic will Contractors tive receptors sance to the adjacent are- be caused by storing of sludge within STP site. as more than one month (iii) Sludge will be disposed off after proper treatment and conducting NPK test

O&M = operations and maintenance, UPJN = Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam

Table 23 : Pre-construction Environmental Monitoring Program Field Location Responsible for Monitoring of Mitiga- Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitigation tion Monitoring Monitoring Utilities As per site DSC (i) List of affected utilities Checking of (i) List of affected utilities and Once IPIU requirement if any and operators; (ii) records operators prepared; Bid document to include (ii) Requirement for a contin- requirement for a con- gency plan for service interrup- tingency plan for service tions included in bid documents interruptions. Water Supply As per site UPJN (i) schedule of closure; checking of (i) tentative schedule of closure Once IPIU, DSC Cessation requirement (ii) delivery of UPJN of records made known to affective people potable water to affected 2 weeks prior to cessation of people water supply; (ii) coordination with UPJN for supply of potable water to 100% affected people Social and Cul- As per site IPIU and DSC Chance Finds Protocol Checking of Chance Finds Protocol provided Once IPIU tural Heritage requirement records to construction contractors prior to commencement of activities Construction As per site IPIU and DSC to List of selected location Checking of List of selected sites for con- Once IPIU work camps, requirement determine locations for construction work records struction work camps, hot mix hot mix plants, prior to award of camps, hot mix plants, plants, stockpile areas, storage stockpile areas, construction con- stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas pro-

Field Location Responsible for Monitoring of Mitiga- Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitigation tion Monitoring Monitoring storage areas, tracts. areas, and disposal are- vided to construction contractors and disposal as. prior to commencement of areas. works. Sources of Ma- As per site IPIU and DSC to (i)List of approved quarry Checking of (i) List of approved quarry sites Once IPIU terials requirement prepare list of ap- sites and sources of ma- records and sources of materials pro- proved quarry sites terials; vided to construction contractors and sources of ma- (ii) Bid document to in- (ii) Bid document included re- terials clude requirement for quirement for verification of verification of suitability suitability of sources and permit of sources and permit for for additional quarry sites if nec- additional quarry sites if essary. necessary. DSC = design and supervision consultants, IPIU = Investment Program Implementation Unit.

Table 24 : Construction Environmental Monitoring Program Field Location Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitiga- Monitoring for Monitor- tion ing Sources of Quarries and Construction Construction Contractor documentation (i) Checking of (i) Sites are permitted; and Monthly submission Materials sources of materials Contractor records; and (ii) Report submitted by construc- for construction con- (ii) visual in- tion contractor monthly (until such tractor as needed for spection of sites time there is excavation work) DSC Air Quality (i) At Con- Construction (i) Location of stockpiles; (i) Checking of (i) Stockpiles on designated areas Quarterly for checking Construction struction sites (ii) At Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive receptors; records only; records except mon- Contractor STP site and (iii) (iii) heavy equipment and machinery with (ii) Environmen- (ii) complaints from sensitive re- soon Areas designated for air pollution control devices; (iv) ambient tal Monitoring; ceptors satisfactorily addressed;

stockpiling of materi- air for PM2.5 and PM10, SO2 & NO2; and (iii) air pollution control devices

als (v) vehicular emissions such as SO2, (ii) visual in- working properly; NO2, CO, and hydrocarbons spection of (iv) The government’s Ambient sites Quality Standards for ambient air quality; and (v) The government’s Vehicular Emission Standards for SO2, NO2, CO and HC.

Field Location Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitiga- Monitoring for Monitor- tion ing Surface Wa- (i) At Con- Construction (i) Areas for stockpiles, storage of fuels (i) Checking of (i) Designated areas only; Quarterly except Construction ter Quality struction sites; Contractor and lubricants and waste materials; (ii) records (ii) Silt traps installed and function- monsoons Contractor (ii) At STP site; number of silt traps installed along drain- (ii) Environmen- ing; (iii) areas for stock- ages leading to water bodies; tal Monitoring; (iii) no noticeable increase in sus- piles, storage of (iii) records of surface water quality in- and pended solids and silt from con- fuels and lubricants spection; (iv) effectiveness of water (iii) visual in- struction activities; and and waste materials; management measures; and spection of sites (iv) The government’s Standards (v) For inland water: suspended solids, oil for Water Discharges to Inland and grease, BOD, and coliforms. Waters and Land for Irrigation

Noise Levels (i) At Construction Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (i) Checking of (i) Complaints from sensitive recep- Quarterly except Construction sites; Contractor (ii) use of silencers in noise-producing records; and tors satisfactorily addressed; monsoons contractors (ii) At STP site equipment and sound barriers; and (ii) visual in- (ii) silencers in noise-producing (ii) areas for stock- (iii) Equivalent day and night time noise spection equipment functioning as design; piles, storage of levels (iii) Environmen- and fuels and lubricants tal Monitoring (iii) sound barriers installed where and waste materi- necessary als; (iii) work camps Existing Utili- Construction sites Construction (i) Existing Utilities Contingency Plan (i) Checking of Implementation according to Utili- As needed IPIU ties and In- Contractor records; and ties Contingency Plan frastructure (ii) visual inspection Landscape (i) Construction Construction (i) Waste Management Plan; (i) Checking of (i) No accumulation of solid wastes Monthly IPIU and Aesthet- sites; Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive receptors; records; and on-site; ics (ii) At STP site and (ii) visual in- (ii) implementation of Waste Man- (ii) areas for stock- (iii) IPIU/DSC to report in writing that the spection agement Plan; and piles, storage of necessary environmental restoration work (iii) Complaints from sensitive re- fuels and lubricants has been adequately performed before ceptors satisfactorily addressed. and waste materi- acceptance of work. als; (iii) work camps (i) Construction Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; Visual inspec- (i) Implementation of Traffic Man- Monthly DSC sites; Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive receptors; tion agement Plan, if required; (ii) traffic haul road and (ii) Complaints from sensitive re- (iii) Number of signage placed at subpro- ceptors satisfactorily addressed;

Field Location Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitiga- Monitoring for Monitor- tion ing ject location. and (iii) Signages visible and located in designated areas Socio- Construction sites Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; Visual inspec- (i) Complaints from sensitive re- Quarterly IPIU Economic - Contractor and tion ceptors satisfactorily addressed; Income (ii) Number of walkways, signage, and (ii) walkways, ramps, and metal metal sheets placed at subproject loca- sheets provided; and tion. (iii) signage visible and located in designated areas Socio- construction sites Construction (i) Employment records; and Checking of Number of employees from Quarterly IPIU Economic - Contractor (ii) records of sources of materials records Roorkee equal or greater than employment 50% of total workforce Occupational construction Con- (i) Site-specific health and safety plan; (i) Checking of (i) Implementation of health and Quarterly Health and sites struction (ii) Equipped first-aid stations; records; and safety plan; Safety Contrac- (iii) Medical insurance coverage for work- (ii) visual in- (ii) number of work-related acci- tor ers; spection dents; (iv) Number of accidents; (iii) %age usage of personal pro- (v) Supplies of potable drinking water; tective equipment; (vi) Clean eating areas where workers are (iv) number of first-aid stations, not exposed to hazardous or noxious frequency of potable water deliv- substances; ery, provision of clean eating area, (vii) record of health and safety orienta- and number of sign boards are tion trainings according to approved plan; and (viii) personal protective equipment; (v) %age of moving equipment (ix) Percentage of moving equipment outfitted with audible back-up outfitted with audible back-up alarms; and alarms (x) sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal.

Community Construction sites Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; and Visual inspec- (i) Implementation of Traffic Man- Quarterly IPIU Health and Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive receptors tion agement Plan; and Safety (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors satisfactorily addressed. 58

Field Location Responsible Monitoring of Mitigation Method of Indicators/ Standards Frequency Responsible for Mitiga- Monitoring for Monitor- tion ing Work Work camps Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; Visual inspec- (i) Designated areas only; Quarterly IPIU Camps Contractor (ii) water and sanitation facilities for em- tion (ii) complaints from sensitive re- ployees; and ceptors satisfactorily addressed (iii) IPIU/DSC report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions Chance Construction sites Construction Records of chance finds Checking of Implementation of Chance Finds As needed IPIU Finds Contractor records Protocol BOD = biological oxygen demand, CO = carbon monoxide, DSC = design supervision consultant, IPIU = Investment Program Implementation Unit, NOx = nitrous oxide, RPM = Respirable particulate matter, SO2 = sulphur dioxide, SPM = suspended particulate matter, UPJN = Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam.

Table 25 : Operation and Maintenance Environmental Monitoring Program Field Location Responsible for Monitoring of Method of Mon- Indicators/ Frequency Responsible Mitigation Mitigation itoring Standards for Monitor- ing General Maintenance subproject UPJN and O&M Complaints from Checking of Complaints from sensitive As needed work location Contractors sensitive receptors records receptors satisfactorily ad- IPIU dressed Accessibility subproject UPJN and O&M Complaints from Checking of Complaints from sensitive As needed IPIU location Contractors sensitive receptors records receptors satisfactorily addressed Degradation of UPJN and O&M Complaints from Checking of Complaints from sensitive As needed IPIU environmental quality Contractors sensitive receptors records receptors satisfactorily addressed Occupational health STP & SPS UPJN and O&M Complaints from Checking of Complaints from sensitive As needed and safety Contractors sensitive receptors records receptors satisfactorily ad- IPIU dressed Nuisance to people STP & SPS UPJN and O&M Complaints from Checking of Complaints from sensitive As needed IPIU Contractors sensitive receptors records receptors satisfactorily addressed Environmental STP site O&M of contractors Conduct Air, As per CPCB Air quality:- Twice a year Contractor Monitoring Water and Noise guidelines PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,Ch4,HS quality monitoring Water quality:- at least twice a PH,TSS,BOD5,COD,Fecal year Coliforms Noise quality: Leq in dB(A) IPIU = Investment Program Implementation Unit, O&M = operation and maintenance, UPJN = Uttarakhand Peya Jal Nigam, PM2.5= Particulate matter whose size less than 2.5 microns,, PM10= Particulate matter whose size less than 10 microns, SO2= Sulphur dioxide,NO2=Nitrogen dioxide,CH4=Metane,H2S=Hydrogen Sulphide, TSS=Total Suspended Solids,BOD=Biochemical Oxygen demand, Leq in dBA=Noise quality in dBA.

B. Safeguards Items Having Penalty Provision for Roorkee sewerage system. 147. DSC and PIU will make regular visit to the project site. In case safeguards practices including safety gears, PPE, statutory and regulatory requirements stipulated in Table No. 26 are found to be violated, a penalty will be imposed on contractor by the employer. Table 26 : Preventive Measures of non-compliance of Safeguards Monitoring Fre- Action in case of non- Sl. No Particulars of Item quency compliance A. Personnel Protective Equipment Issue Notice and impose 1 Safety Shoes Worker/Staff/day penalty B. Facilities at Construction Site Issue Notice and impose 1 Barricading RMT penalty Absence of First Aid at construction Issue Notice and impose 2 Box / month site penalty Issue Notice and impose 3 Absence of Supervisor at Site Staff / day penalty Issue Notice and impose 4 Unauthorized Power Connection Per day penalty Issue Notice and impose 5 Light arrangement during night work Per day penalty Drinking water availability at construc- Issue Notice and impose 6 Per day tion site penalty C. Labour Camp Issue Notice and impose 1 Absence of Cot Per Shed / month penalty Issue Notice and impose 2 Roof without heat insulated Per Shed / month penalty Issue Notice and impose 3 Drinking Water Per Camp / month penalty Toilets & Bathroom for Male (Per 10 Issue Notice and impose 4 Toilets / month Labours) penalty Toilets & Bathroom for Female (Per Issue Notice and impose 5 Toilets / month 10 Labors) penalty Issue Notice and impose 6 Cleanliness of Toilets & Bathrooms Toilets / month penalty Issue Notice and impose 7 Fire extinguisher Per Camp / month penalty Issue Notice and impose 8 Absence of Crèche as per norms Per Camp / month penalty Absence of First Aid at construction Issue Notice and impose 9 Box site penalty Facility for children D. Construction Camp Absence of First Aid at construction Issue Notice and impose 1 Box / month site penalty Issue Notice and impose 2 Fire extinguisher Per Camp / month penalty Issue Notice and impose 3 Drinking Water Per Camp / month penalty

Monitoring Fre- Action in case of non- Sl. No Particulars of Item quency compliance Soil Contamination due to fuel, lubri- Issue Notice and impose 4 Per Camp / month cant & material penalty Toilets & Bathroom for Male (Per 10 Issue Notice and impose 5 Toilets / month Labours) penalty Toilets & Bathroom for Female (Per Issue Notice and impose 6 Toilets / month 10 Labors) penalty Unauthorized Land Acquisition for Issue Notice and impose E. Per camp / month allied facilities penalty Per package / quar- Issue Notice and impose F. Air, Water and Noise Testing ter penalty Issue Notice and impose G. Monthly Safeguard Report Per Month / month penalty

C. Environmental Management and Monitoring Costs 148. There were many construction stage impacts but these are typical for the construction activity and mitigation provided is mainly in terms of good construction practices like water sprinkling to arrest dust generation, and clearing of excess soil, which will be incorporated into the construction contractor’s contractual agreements, which will be binding for implementation. Therefore there will be no additional costs for environmental management. The operation phase mitigation measures are again for good operating practices, which will be the responsibility of operating agency; therefore there are no additional costs. 149. The monitoring proposed mainly includes site inspections and informal discussions with workers and local people, and this will be the responsibility of IPMU, costs of which are part of project management. The air quality, and noise level monitoring of construction phase will be conducted by Contractor, since this is an additional cost, it needs to be part of subproject cost. 150. The environmental management and monitoring costs are summarized in Table below. The costs of environmental management and monitoring costs are estimates as Rs 8, 88,000 during the implementation (design and construction) and during operation and maintenance is given in Table no.27.

Table 27 : Environmental management and monitoring cost.

Items Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost Source of Fund INR INR Implementation of EMP (24 months) A. Design and Supervision Consultant – 2 months 225,000 450,000 DSC (cost al- DSC Environment Specialist ready allotted) Total (A) 450,000 B. Survey Expenses during Construc- tion for Construction (Specific sites will be provided to construction contractors after awarding of the project) i Ambient air quality during con- 18 samples (1 sample 12,000 2,16,000 Construction struction for each 3 locations Contractor i.e. at construction site; at STP site and at stockpiling areas on quarterly basis excluding monsoon for 2 Years) ii Noise quality during construction 18 samples (1 sample 4,000 72,000 Construction for each 3 locations Contractor i.e. at construction site; at STP site and at stockpiling areas on quarterly basis excluding monsoon for 2 Years) iii Water Quality during construc- 18 samples (1 sample 5,000 90,000 Construction tion for each 3 locations Contractor i.e. at construction site; at STP site and at stockpiling areas on quarterly basis excluding monsoon for 2 Years) iv Ambient Air quality during oper- 10 samples ( 2 sam- 12000 1,20000 Construction ation stage ples in a year for 5- Contractor years at STP site v Noise quality during operation 10 samples ( 2 sam- 4,000 40,000 Construction stage ples in a year for 5- Contractor years at STP site vi Water quality during operation 10 samples ( 2 sam- 5,000 50,000 Construction stage ples in a year for 5- Contractor years at STP site v Workshop/ Training and aware- Once Lump sum 1,50,000 PIU ness program for workers and Management staffs vi Public Consultation Three times Lump sum 1,50,000 PIU Total (B) 8,88,000

VII. Findings and Recommendations 151. The Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) process described in the earlier sections of this report has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the infrastructure proposed under the Roorkee Sewerage Subproject. Potential negative impacts were identified in relation to both construction and operation of the improved infrastructure, but no impacts were identified as being due to either the project design or location. Mitigation measures have been developed in generic way to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. These were discussed with specialists responsible for the engineering aspects, and as a result most measures have already been included in the outline designs for the infrastructure. 152. The potential adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Sewerage subproject are mainly related to the construction period, which can be minimized by the proposed mitigat- ing measures and environmentally sound engineering and construction practices. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. 153. The change of site of STP does not incite the nature of environmental impact but the length of rising main increases from 1200 meters to 3800 meters. This results quantum of excavation in terms of length. The excavated earth will be used for community purpose this will be done in consultation with community. 154. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to dispose of large quantities of waste soil and import a similar amount of sand to support the pipes in the trenches; and from the disturbance of residents, businesses, traffic and important buildings by the construction work. These are common impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well developed methods for their mitigation. These include: (i) Finding beneficial uses for waste material; (ii) Covering soil and sand during transportation and when stored on site; (iii) Planning work to minimize disruption of traffic and communities; (iv) Providing temporary structures to maintain access across trenches where required. 155. Specific impacts due to construction of 33-STP adjacent to Solani River has been identified and measures such as the following are suggested: (i) No construction material storage/ancillary works nearby river bank; (ii) No labour camps to be set up nearby river bank (iii) Protection bunds around construction area (iv) Conducting awareness programs to workers (v) Proper arrangement to arrest silt runoff from construction site to nearby river during monsoon (vi) Use excavated soil for strengthening bunds; no waste shall be disposed in or near river bank 156. Once the sewerage system is operating, most facilities will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. Leaks in the network will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. It will also be conducted in areas that have already been excavated, so there will be no need to protect archaeological material. 157. During operation of STP, there are chances of odor nuisance. The proper selection of treatment process as well as regular O & M of STP will take care of this problem. There can be deterioration of quality of nearby river water due to disposal of treated sewage. However, regular quality monitoring of water will help in identifying the problem in earlier stage and remedia- tion measures. There is occupational health and safety risk involved while working in STP however all the necessary precautionary measures are included. Necessary provisions for 63

green buffer zone within STP premises as well as surrounding sewage pumping stations are considered in design. 158. The major impacts of the implementation of sewerage subproject will be beneficial to the citizens of Roorkee as it will provide proper collection network and treatment of sewage, which will serve a greater proportion of the population, including slum-dwellers. This will improve the quality of life of people as well as benefiting both individual and public health as the improvements in hygiene should reduce the incidence of disease associated with poor sanitation. This should lead to economic gains as people will be away from work less and will spend less on healthcare, so their incomes should increase. 159. An Environmental Management Plan(EMP) is proposed as a part of IEE which includes (i) mitigation measures for significant environmental impacts during implementation, (ii) environmental monitoring programs, and the responsible entities for mitigation, monitoring and reporting; and (iii) public consultation and information disclosure. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable limits. A number of impacts and their significance have already been reduced by amending design. 160. The important recommendation of this IEE is that this sewerage distribution subproject can proceed for implementation provided all impacts are addressed through suggested mitigation measures. The other important recommendation is that the involuntary resettlement issues, which are identified through a parallel process of resettlement planning, need to be addressed by RP implementation. The recommended clauses for the Construction Contractor’s Contract are attached as Appendix 4 to ensure that mitigation measures are implemented.

X. Conclusion 161. The main objective of this sewerage subproject in Roorkee is to improve the sewerage network and to provide necessary treatment to sewage before final disposal. Thus ultimately this subproject aims to improve overall living conditions in the City. This initial environmental examination has been conducted to identify and assess the negative impacts, if any, of the subproject. 162. All components proposed under this sub-project involve straightforward construction and simple operation. Not many environmental issues were noted during this initial environmental examination. In most cases, environmental issues identified are typical for the type of component construction, and a range of proven mitigation strategies exists to address them. 163. This IEE has assessed all potential environmental impacts associated with the subproject. There are no impacts that are significant or complex in nature, or that need an in-depth study to assess the impact or to develop the mitigation measures. The environmental impacts identified are manageable, and the PMU will monitor the implementation the mitigation measures as stated in IEE. The subproject, therefore, does not warrant environmental impact assessment (EIA). 164. Importantly, there are no uncertainties in the present IEE and no further or additional work is required to comply with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. One component however requires consent/permission of regulatory agencies for implementation. The construction and operation of 33 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) requires consent for establishment (CFE) and consent for operation (CFO) from the UEPPCB under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The Consent to establish for 33MLD-STP has been obtained from Uttarakhand Environment Protection and pollution Control Board and consent to operate will be obtained after the completion of construction work. The detail of which has been furnished in Table no-1. 165. The construction and operation of 33MLD-STP at Roorkee will comply the conditions of stipulated in Consent to Establish which has been obtained from Uttarakhand Environment Pro- tection and Pollution Control Board and after completion of work, UUSDA will obtain Consent to Operate from UEPPCB and will comply all the conditions of Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board consent to operate order.

List of Appendices Appendix 1 : Central Pollution Control Board Applicable Environmental Standards General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants: Effluents Parameter Standards Sl.no Inland Public Marine/coastal areas Land of surface sewers irrigation water (a) (b) (c) (d) 1. Color and odor remove as far as practicable 2. Suspended solids 100 600 200 (a) For process waste water mg/l, maximum. 100 (b) For cooling water effluent 10% above total suspended matter of influent. 3. Particle size of shall pass (a) Floatable solids, maximum, suspended solids 850 micron 3 mm. IS Sieve (b) Settable solids (maximum 850 micron) 4. pH value 5.5. to 9.0 5.5 - 9.0 5.5 - 9.0 5.5 - 9.0 5. Temperature shall not shall not exceed 5 ºC above the exceed receiving water temperature 5 ºC above the receiving water temperature 6. Oil and grease, 10 20 10 20 mg/l, maximum. 7. Total residual chlo- 1.0 1.0 rine, mg/l, maximum. 8. Ammonical nitro- 50 50 50 gen (as N.) mg/l, maximum. 9. Total Kjeldahl Ni- 100 100 trogen (as NH3) mg/l, maximum. 10. Free ammonia (as 5.0 5.0 NH3), mg/l, maximum. 11. Biochemical oxy- 10 350 100 100 gen demand (3 days at 27 º C), mg/l, maximum. 12. Chemical oxygen 250 250 demand, mg/l, maximum. 13. Arsenic (as As) 0.2 0.2 0.2 mg/l, maxi- 0.2

Parameter Standards Sl.no Inland Public Marine/coastal areas Land of surface sewers irrigation water mum. 14. Mercury (As Hg), 0.01 0.01 0.01 mg/l, maximum. 15. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, 0.1 1.0 2.0 maximum. 16. Cadmium (as Cd) 2.0 1.0 2.0 mg/l. maximum. 17. Hexavalent chro- 0.1 2.0 1.0 mium (as Cr. +6). mg/l, maximum. 18. Total Chromium 2.0 2.0 2.0 (as Cr) mg/l, maximum. 19. Copper (as Cu) 3.0 3.0 3.0 mg/l, maximum. 20. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, 5.0 15 15 maximum. 21. Selenium (as Se) 0.05 0.05 0.05 mg/l, maximum. 22. Nickel (as Ni) mg/l, 3.0 3.0 5.0 maximum. 23. Cyanide (as CN) 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2 mg/l, maximum. 24. Fluoride (as F) 2.0 15 15 mg/l, maximum. 25. Dissolved phos- 5.0 phates (as P) mg/l, maximum. 26. Sulfide (as S) mg/l, 2.0 5.0 maximum. 27. Phenolic com- 1.0 5.0 5.0 pounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l, maximum. 28. Radioactive materials: (a) Alfa emitter’s 10-7 10-7 10-8 10-7 microcurie/ml, maximum. 10-6 10-6 10-7 10-6 (b) Beta emitters micro curie/ml, maximum. 29. Bio-assay test 90% Sur- 90% sur- 90% survival 90% survival of fish after 96 vival of fish vival of of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent

Parameter Standards Sl.no Inland Public Marine/coastal areas Land of surface sewers irrigation water after 96 fish after hours in hours in 96 hours 100% effluent 100% efflu- in 100% ent effluent 30. Manganese (as 2 mg/l 2 mg/l 2 mg/l Mn) 31. Iron (as Fe) 3 mg/l 3 mg/l 3 mg/l 32. Vanadium (as V) 0.2 mg/l 0.2 mg/l 0.2 mg/l 33. Nitrate Nitrogen 10 mg/l 20 mg/l

mg/l = milligram per litre, mm = millimetre. Note: These standards shall be applicable for industries, operations or process other than those industries operations or process for which standards have been specified in schedule of the Environment Protection Rules, 1989.

Central Pollution Control Board Primary Water Quality Criteria Designated-Best-Use Class Criteria of Water Drinking Water Source without conventional A  Total Coliform Organisms: MPN  50 treatment but after disinfection per 100 Ml  6.5  pH  8.5  Dissolved Oxygen: 6 mg/l  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days @ 20 oC):  2 mg/L Outdoor bathing (organized) B  Total Coliform Organisms: MPN  500 per 100 ml  6.5  pH  8.5  Dissolved Oxygen: 5 mg/l  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days @ 20 ºC):  3 mg/l Drinking water sources after conventional C  Total Coliform Organisms: MPN  treatment and disinfection 5000 per 100 ml  6  pH  9  Dissolved Oxygen: 4 mg/l  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days @ 20 ºC):  3 mg/l Propagation of wildlife and fisheries D  6.5  pH  8.5  Dissolved Oxygen: 4 mg/l  Free ammonia (as N):  1.2 mg/l Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste E   pH  8.5 disposal  Electrical conductivity at 25 ºC: 2250 micro mhos/cm  Sodium absorption ratio: Maximum 26  Boron: Maximum 2 mg/l mg/l = milligram/litre, MPN = .Most Probable Number

Indian Standards for Drinking Water - Specification (BIS 10500: 1991) No Substance or Characteristic Requirement (Desirable Permissible Limit in the absence Limit) of Alternate source Essential characteristics 1. Color, ( Hazen units, maximum) 5 25 2. Odor Unobjectionable Unobjectionable 3. Taste Agreeable Agreeable 4. Turbidity ( NTU, maximum) 5 10 5. pH Value 6.5 - 8.5 No Relaxation 6. Total Hardness (as CaCo3) 300 600 mg/l, maximum 7. Iron (as Fe) mg/l, maxi- 0.3 1.0 mum 8. Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l, maxi- 250 1000 mum. 9. Residual, free chlorine, mg/l, 0.2 -- minimum Desirable Characteristics 10. Dissolved solids mg/l, maxi- 500 2000 mum 11. Calcium (as Ca) mg/l, maxi- 75 200 mum 12. Magnesium (as Mg)mg/l, max- 30 100 imum. 13. Copper (as Cu) mg/l, maxi- 0.05 1.5 mum 14. Manganese (as Mn)mg/l, max- 0.10 0.3 imum 15. Sulfate (as SO4) mg/l, maxi- 200 400 mum 16. Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l, maxi- 45 100 mum 17. Fluoride (as F) mg/l, maximum 1.0 1.5 18. Phenolic Compounds (as C6 0.001 0.002 H5OH) mg/l, maximum. 19. Mercury (as Hg)mg/l, maximum 0.001 No relaxation 20. Cadmiun (as Cd)mg/l, maxi- 0.01 No relaxation mum 21. Selenium (as 0.01 No relaxation Se)mg/l,maximum 22. Arsenic (as As) mg/l, maximum 0.05 No relaxation 23. Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, maxi- 0.05 No relaxation mum 24. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, maximum 0.05 No relaxation 25. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, maximum 5 15 26. Anionic detergents (as MBAS) 0.2 1.0 mg/l, maximum 27. Chromium (as Cr6+) mg/l, max- 0.05 No relaxation imum 28. Polynuclear aromatic hydro -- -- carbons (as PAH) g/l, maximum 29. Mineral Oil mg/l, maximum 0.01 0.03 30. Pesticides mg/l, maximum Absent 0.001 31. Radioactive Materials 32. Alpha emitters Bq/l, maximum -- 0.1 33. Beta emitters pci/l,maximum -- 1.0 34 Alkalinity mg/l. maximum 200 600 35 Aluminium (as Al) 0.03 0.2 mg/l,maximum 36 Boron mg/l, maximum 1 5

Ambient Air Quality Standards Pollutant Time Industrial, Resi- Sensitive Area Method of Measurement Weighted dential, Rural and (Notified by Cen- Average Other Areas tral Government) Sulphur Dioxide Annual 50 µg/m3 20 µg/m3 -Improved West & Gaeke (SO2) Averagea method 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 -Ultraviolet Fluorescence Averageb Oxides of Nitrogen Annual 40 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 -Jacobs & Hochheiser a (NOX) Average modified (NaoH– NaAsO2) 24 hours 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 method Average b -Gas Chemiluminiscence Particulate Annual 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 -Gravimetric Matter (PM10) Averagea -TOEM (Size <10 µm) 24 hours 60 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 -Beta Attenuation Averageb Particulate Annual 40 µg/m3 40 µg/m3 -Gravimetric Matter (PM 2.5) Averagea -TOEM (Size <2.5 µm) 24 hours 60 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 -Beta Attenuation Average b Ozone (O3) 8 hours 100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 -UV photometric Averageb 180 µg/m3 180 µg/m3 -Chemiluminiscence 1 hourb -Chemical method Lead (Pb) Annual 0.5 µg/m3 0.5 µg/m3 -AAS method after sampling Averagea using EPM 2000 or equiva- 24 hours 1.0 µg/m3 1.0 µg/m3 lent filter paper Averageb Carbon Monoxide 8 hours 2.0 mg/m3 2.0mg/m3 -Non Dispersive Infrared (CO) Averagea 4.0 mg/m3 4.0mg/m3 Spectroscopy 1 hourb Ammonia (NH3) Annual 100 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 -Chemiluminiscence Averagea Indophenol blue method 24 hours 400 µg/m3 400 µg/m3 Averageb Benzene (C6H6) Annual 5 ng/m3 5 ng/m3 -Gas Chromatography con- Averagea tinuous analyzer -Adsorption & desorption followed by GC analysis Benzo(o)pyrene Annual 1 ng/m3 1 ng/m3 -Solvent extraction followed particulate phase Averagea by GC/HPLC analysis only Arsenic Annual 6 ng/m3 6 ng/m3 -AAS/ICP method after (As) Averagea sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper Nickel (Ni) Annual 20 ng/m3 20 ng/m3 -AAS/ICP method after Averagea sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper . a Indicate Annual Arithmetic Mean of Minimum 104 measurement in a year measured twice a week, 24 hourly at uniform intervals. . b 24 hourly / 8 hourly/1 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed by not on two consecutive days. . Source: Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, Notification dated 18th November 2009.

Standards for Diesel Generator Sets: Stack Height The minimum height of stack to be provided with each generator set can be worked out using the following formula: H = h+0.2x ÖKVA H = Total height of stack in meter h = Height of the building in meters where the generator set is installed KVA = Total generator capacity of the set in KVA Based on the above formula the minimum stack height to be provided with different range of generator sets may be categorized as follows: For Generator Sets Total Height of stack in metre 50 KVA Height of the building + 1.5 metre 50-100 KVA Height of the building + 2.0 metre 100-150 KVA Height of the building + 2.5 metre 150-200 KVA Height of the building + 3.0 metre 200-250 KVA Height of the building + 3.5 metre 250-300 KVA Height of the building + 3.5 metre Similarly for higher KVA ratings a stack height can be worked out using the above formula. Noise Standards Noise limits for domestic appliances and construction equipment’s at the manufacturing stage in dB(A). Window air conditioners of 1 -1.5 tons 68 Air coolers 60 Refrigerators 46 Diesel generator for domestic purposes 85 Compactors (rollers), front loaders, concentrate mixers, cranes (mov- 75 able), vibrators and saws

National Ambient Noise Standards The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 Area Category of Area Limit in dB(A) Leqa Code Day Time Night Time A. Industrial area 75 70 B. Commercial area 65 55 C. Residential area 55 45 D. Silence zone 50 40 a dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing. A “decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured. “A”, in dB (A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear. Leq is energy mean of the noise level over a specified period. Notes: Day time is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. Night time is reckoned in between 10 PM and 6 AM. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 m around hospitals, educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as such by the competent authority. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority.

Appendix 2 : Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for Roorkee Sewerage Subproject, Construction of 33MLD-STP at Saliyar Ibrahimpur

Probable Current Additional Information for Involuntary Resettlement Effects Assessment Substantiating Assessment A. Project Siting Is the project are.

 Densely populated? Yes Sewer network will be laid in most of the town, No including densely populated areas; Sewage Treat- ment Plant will be located outside the town  Heavy with development activities? Yes No . Adjacent to or within any environmentally Yes sensitive areas? No . Cultural heritage site Yes No . Protected Area Yes No . Wetland Yes There are no wetland or notable water bodies within No the project area . Mangrove Yes Not a coastal area No . Estuarine Yes Not a coastal area No . Buffer zone of protected area Yes No No  Special area for protecting biodiversity Yes No No . Bay Yes No No . Potential Environmental Impacts Yes . Will the Project cause? No . Impairment of historical/cultural monu- No There are no such areas near the subproject sites ments/areas and loss/damage to these No sites? . Interference with other utilities and blocking Yes No blocking/interference with other utilities of access to buildings; nuisance to neigh- No expected; necessary buffer around the sewage boring areas due to noise, smell, and influx treatment plant and with appropriate technology and of insects, rodents, etc.? site specific layout design (considering the wind direction); no significant nuisance is envisaged from STP operations. . Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of Yes Subproject does not involve land acquisition or people? No displacement. . Disproportionate impacts on the poor, Yes No such possibilities; .sewerage system will cover women and children, Indigenous Peoples No entire population including urban poor; In fact, it will or other vulnerable groups? have positive health impact due to improved sanitation condition. . Impairment of downstream water quality Yes Treatment process will be designed to meet the due to inadequate sewage treatment or re- No inland water disposal standards set by the Central lease of untreated sewage? Pollution Control Board (CPCB). Periodic water quality monitoring will be conducted to ensure treated wastewater complies with the standards. . Overflows and flooding of neighboring Yes Sewerage system has been designed considering properties with raw sewage? No the population growth. It has been designed to accommodate sewage until year 2028. Design consid- ers standard peak factors and therefore no such impact envisaged. . Environmental pollution due to inadequate Yes . Proper sludge collection, treatment and disposal

Probable Current Additional Information for Involuntary Resettlement Effects Assessment Substantiating Assessment sludge disposal or industrial waste dis- No systems are part of the STP. This sewerage sys- charges illegally disposed in sewers? tem will cater only to domestic wastewater. The design of the subproject ensures no chance of mixing of industrial effluent. . . Noise and vibration due to blasting and Yes . No blasting activities envisaged. Temporary other civil works? No nuisance/disturbance due to construction activities will be minimized with appropriate mitigation measures. . Risks and vulnerabilities related to occupa- Yes . In appropriate handling of sludge may have tional health and safety due to physical, No occupational health hazards. All necessary safety chemical, and biological hazards during precautions will be taken to avoid any risk. project construction and operation? . Discharge of hazardous materials into Yes . There are no sources of hazardous material that sewers, resulting in damage to sewer sys- No will find its way into the sewers. Wastewater other tem and danger to workers? than municipal, i.e. industrial, entering the sewerage system must meet the stipulated standards, and therefore it is unlikely that problematic waste will be discharged into the sewers. . Inadequate buffer zone around pumping Yes . STP will be located with adequate buffer zone and treatment plants to alleviate noise and No around. A Greenbelt composed of plants and trees other possible nuisances, and protect facili- included to minimize all nuisances. ties? . Road blocking and temporary flooding due Yes . All necessary precautions will be taken to prevent to land excavation during the rainy sea- No flooding during construction; flooding is unlikely as son? work will be mostly be conducted during dry season. . Noise and dust from construction activi- Yes . No major noise generating activities like rock ties? No blasting is envisaged. Dust will be temporary and will be controlled with proper measures. . Traffic disturbances due to construction Yes . Proper planning, such as selection of routes and material transport and wastes? No scheduling to avoid peak traffic hours, will be carried out in consultation with concerned authorities . Temporary silt runoff due to construction? Yes . In unavoidable cases of construction activity during No rains, proper runoff/soil management activities will be carried out to minimize the silt runoff. . Hazards to public health due to overflow Yes . A chance of failure of sewerage system is very flooding, and groundwater pollution due to No remote failure of sewerage system? . Deterioration of water quality due to inade- Yes . No such possibilities; treated wastewater will meet quate sludge disposal or direct discharge No the disposal standards and proper sludge disposal of untreated sewage water? methods are in place; regular monitoring will be conducted to check this. . Contamination of surface and ground wa- Yes . Sludge will be treated/dried and ensured that it is ters due to sludge disposal on land? No harmless before its disposal on land. . Health and safety hazards to workers from Yes . All necessary health and safety training and toxic gases and hazardous materials which No necessary personal protection equipment will be may be contained in confined areas, sew- given to workers and staff during operation of sewage flow and exposure to pathogens in un- erage system treated sewage and unstablized sludge? . Large population increase during project Yes . No such impact anticipated; local communities in construction and operation that causes in- No the vicinity of the project would be employed as creased burden on social infrastructure much as possible. (such as sanitation system)? . Social conflicts between construction Yes . No such impact anticipated; local communities in 73

Probable Current Additional Information for Involuntary Resettlement Effects Assessment Substantiating Assessment workers from other areas and community No the vicinity of the project would be employed as workers? much as possible. . Risks to community health and safety due Yes . Not applicable. Construction/operation will not to the transport, storage, and use and/or No involve use of explosives and chemicals. disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during construction and operation? . Community safety risks due to both acci- Yes . Operational area will be clearly demarcated and dental and natural hazards, especially No access will be controlled. Only worker and project where the structural elements or compo- No concerned members will be allowed to visit the nents of the project are accessible to construction sites. members of the affected community or . During operation, entry into STP will be restricted. where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?

. Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions . Yes. No. Remarks . The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks.  Is the Project area subject to hazards such as earth- √ According to hazard zoning quakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone winds, storm in the Vulnerability Atlas of surges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions and climate chang- India, the whole of es (see Appendix I)? Uttarakhand falls under “very high” to “high” category earthquake zone. All newly developed facilities will require compliance with government rules for seismic design in hilly areas.  Could changes in temperature, precipitation, or extreme √  No such possibility events patterns over the Project lifespan affect technical or financial sustainability (e.g., changes in rainfall patterns disrupt reliability of sewerage; sea level rise creates salin- ity intrusion into proposed sewerage source)?

 Are there any demographic or socio-economic aspects of √  Proposed project will not the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g., high impact any marginalized incidence of marginalized populations, rural-urban mi- population, rural-urban mi- grants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or grants, illegal settlement etc. children)?

 Could the Project potentially increase the climate or √  No such possibility of disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g., by us- vulnerability increase of the ing water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by surrounding area. many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?

Appendix 3 : Details of Public Consultation and focused group discussion.

A. List of Participants during FGD at Gulab Nagar on 20th April 2011

 S.no Islam  Former Signature  1 Irshad Ahemad  Rtd 

2 Israr  Welding  3 M. Saleem  Clinic  4 Zameel Ahemad  Rtd  5 Akhtar  Labour  6 Sageer Ahemad  Labour  7 Mazhm Ali  Business  8 S.I. Hussen  Server  9 Mohd Gouri  Business   10 Samoth Ali    11 Muhamad Murslim  Survey Drawing  12 Saheed Ahemad  Carpenter  13 Guddu Malik  Doctor

14 Naseem  Tailor  15 Narakat  Clinic  16 Shamsher  Labour  17 M. Afjal  Engineer  18 Naseem  Shopkeeper  19 Zulbikar  Painter  20 Manzoor Khan  Mott MacDonald  21 Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA 

B. List of Participants during FGD at West Amber Talab on 19th April 2011 1  Kuldeep Kapoor  Ward Member  2  Pawan Kumar  Shopkeeper  3  Bhupendra  Electrician  4  Avinash Tyagi  Accountant  5  Deepak Maurya  Student  6  Vipin Thrkral  Shopkeeper  7  Sudheer Jataw  Sabhasad   Charu Chandra  Press Reporter 8  9  Anil Sharma  Rtd  10 Rejesh Kumar    Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA 11 

C. List of Participants during FGD at Chaw Mandi on 18th April 2011  Sl. Signature (If agreed by the  Name of the Participant  Occupation No participants)  1  Rajesh Chanhan  Shopkeeper   2 Kamlesh Kumar  Shopkeeper   3  Keshav Ram  Rtd.   4  Rajiv Sharma  Business   5  Sarwan Goswani  Contractor   6  Jagneshwar Goyal  Rtd   7  R.R. Sharma  Rtd   8  Karan Singh  Rtd   9  Rajendra Giri  ITT Service   10 Situ Goyal Sandeep  Business   11 Ghanshyam Singh  Rtd   12 Manoj Kumar  Shopkeeper  13 Sachin Goswami  Media  14 Aparna Pandey  IPMU  15 Manzoor Khan  Mott MacDonald  16 Rafia  Mott MacDonald   17 Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA  76

D. List of Participants during FGD at Adarsh Nagar on 27th April 2011

1 Yesh Singh  G. Job  2 H. Varma  Shopkeeper  3 Sanjay Goswami  Business

4 B.P.Singh  Service  5 Dr. R.K.Jain  Doctor  6 Praveen Dhiman  G. Job  7 Umesh Kumar Dhiman  Private Job  8 Nitin Thakral  Job  9 Ajay  Job  10 Yogash Kumar  Business  11 Narender Goyal  Rtd  12 Jai Prakash Dhiman   13 Rajkumar  Shopkeeper  14 Arvind Chomli  Business  15 Pradeep Batra  Chairman NPP  16 Tushar Pratap Singh  Mott MacDonald  17 Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA

E. List of Participants during FGD at New Basti on 19th April 2011

1 Dhisham Giri  Business  2 Dharampal Dhimam  Business  3 Mangta  Shopkeeper  4 Sunder lal  Shop Maker  5 Dherendra Kumar  Pvt Job  6 Mithlesh  House Wife  7 Rajendra Devi  House Wife  8 Seema Devi  House Wife  9 Dinesh  House Wife  10 Deepa  House Wife  11 Urmila Devi  House Wife  12 Anita Devi  House Wife  13 Rani Devi  House Wife  14 Phadma  House Wife  15 Jagwati Devi  House Wife  16 Neetu Devi  House Wife  17 Anil Prajapati  Labour  18 Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA 

F. List of Participants during FGD at Ganeshpur on 18th April 2011

nature (If agreed by the  Sl. No Name of the Participant  Occupation participants)  1 Kale Ji  Majdoori   2 Rangeela Yadav  Shopkeeper   3 Sitab Singh  Shopkeeper   4 Chandhary Bijendra  Govt. Job   5 Chandhary Rajpal Singh  Farmer   6 Azad Singh  Farmer   7 Jai Kumar  Farmer   8 Nand Singh  Farmer   9 Pushpender Singh  Farmer   10 Kehar Singh  Govt. Contractor   11 Aparna Panday  IPMU   12 Manzoor Khan  Mott MacDonald   13 Rafia  Mott MacDonald   14 Sanjay Rawat  HIRA 

G. List of Participants during FGD at Mahigram on 19th April 2011

1 M. Suleman  Student  2 Ser Alli  Business  3 Munna Master  Property D  4 Shokat Alli  Business  5 Furkan  Private Job  6 M. Islam  Business  7 M. Yaseen  Shopkeeper  8 M. Aslam  Teacher  9 M. Aslad  G. Job  10 Dr. Jammal  Clinic  11 Mo Abudin   12 Hazi Mo Asgar  Sabhasad  13 Rafia  Mott MacDon- ald  14 Aparna Pandey  IPMU-UUSDIP  15 Manzoor Khan  Mott MacDon- ald  16 Dileep Kumar Singh  HIRA 

H. List of Participants during Public Consultation in Roorkee for Construction of 33 MLD-STP at Saliyar-Ibrahimpur.

Appendix 4 : RECOMMENDED CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS CONTRACT CLAUSES

A. Sources of Materials

(i) Use quarry sites and sources permitted by government; (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of State Investment Program Management and Implementation Unit, and design and supervision consultant (DSC); (iii) If additional quarries will be required after construction has started, obtain written approval from State Investment Program Management and Implementation Unit; and (iv) Submit to DSC on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

B. Air Quality

(i) Consult with DSC on the designated areas for stockpiling of clay, soils, gravel, and other construction materials; (ii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by spraying with water when necessary during dry weather; (iii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; (iv) Carry out air quality monitoring as per environmental management plan (EMP); and (v) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly.

C. Surface Water Quality

(i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; (ii) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult with Investment Program Implementation Unit (IPIU)/DSC on designated disposal areas; (iii) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (iv) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (v) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (vi) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the EMP.

D. Noise Levels

(i) Plan activities in consultation with IPIU/DSC so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Require horns not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; (iv) Measurement of noise level at construction site as per EMP, and (v) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels when measured at a distance of 10 meters or more from the vehicles. 83

E. Existing Infrastructure and Facilities

(i) Obtain from IPIU/DSC the list of affected utilities and operators; (ii) Prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional in terruption of services.

F. Accessibility

(i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (iii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; (iv) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (v) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (vi) Coordinate with traffic police/concerned department for temporary road diversions and with for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours; and (vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns and/or complaints.

G. Landscape and Aesthetics

(i) Prepare and implement Waste Management Plan; (ii) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the sites; (iii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (iv) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) which are no longer required; and (v) Request IPIU/DSC to report in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work.

H. Socio-Economic – Income

(i) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (ii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access for people and vehicles; (iii) Increase workforce in front of critical areas such as institutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospitals, and schools; (iv) Consult businesses and institutions regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and (v) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns and/or complaints.

I. Socio-Economic – Employment

(i) Employ at least 50% of the labor force, or to the maximum extent, local persons within the 2 kilometer immediate area if manpower is available; and (ii) Secure construction materials from local market.

J. Occupational Health and Safety

(i) Develop and implement site-specific health and safety plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use Personal Protective Equipment; (c) health and safety training for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; (ii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; (iii) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; (iv) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (v) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) Provide health and safety orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (viii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (ix) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 decibels for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

K. Community Health and Safety

(i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities. (ii) Liaise with IPIU/DSC in identifying high-risk areas on route cards/maps. (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. (iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions.

L. Work Camps

(i) Consult with IPIU/DSC before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; (ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; (iii) Provide water and sanitation facilities for employees; (iv) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination;

(vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) which are no longer required; and (ix) Request IPIU/DSC to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

M. Social and Cultural Resources

(i) Strictly follow the protocol for chance finds of any historical remnants in any excavation work; (ii) Request IPIU/DSC or any authorized person with field training to observe excavation; (iii) Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected; and (iv) (iv)Inform IPIU/DSC if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring its removal or protection in site.

Appendix 5 : PHOTOGRAPHS OF SUBPROJECT SITES

33 MLD-STP Site at Saliyar- Ibrahimpur at Roorkee

Construction of SPS at Mahigram

Appendix 6 : Photographs of Public Consultation

Photographs of public consultation at Roorkee

Appendix-7-