Plant Reproducqon

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Plant Reproduc/on Sexual - Selfing Gavin Douglas and Young Wha Lee Capsella rubella, selfing species (l); and Capsella grandiflora, outcrossing species (r) Sexual - Selfing chasmogamous flower cleistogamous flowers Sexual - Outcrossing selF-incompability Sexual - Outcrossing early protandry late male flowers not yet mature Female flowers recep/ve protogyny dichogamy (temporal separaon oF sexes) Sexual - Outcrossing monoecy dioecy heterostyly unisexual flowers herkogamy (spaal separaon oF sexes) Asterids - Lamiids Asterids Core asterids Lamiids Campanulids Asterids - Lamiids Asterids Lamiales Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae Lamiales Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae (verbena), Oleaceae (olive) Lamiales corolla oLen zygomorphic, bilabiate; stamens didynamous (2 long + 2 short) Lamiaceae / Labiatae Scutellaria lateriflora Monardella odora:ssima Salvia splendens skullcap mountain monardella scarlet sage Salvia dorii Monarda didyma Plectranthus scutellarioides gray-ball sage scarlet beebalm coleus Lamiaceae / Labiatae Salvia officinalis Rosmarinus officinalis Thymus vulgaris sage rosemary thyme Origanum vulgare Ocimum basilicum Mentha spicata Lavandula angusfolia oregano basil spearmint lavender Lamiaceae / Labiatae leaves opposite and decussate, stems sQuare Lamiaceae / Labiatae inflorescence: oen ver/cillate Lamiaceae / Labiatae corolla zygomorphic, oLen bilabiate Lamiaceae / Labiatae stamens didynamous (2 long + 2 short) Lamiaceae / Labiatae ovary 2-carpellate, with 4 lobes and 4 ovules Fruit: schizocarp Forming 4 nutlets “Scrophulariaceae” Penstemon davidsonii Davidson’s beardtongue Caslleja hispida An:rrhinum majus indian paintbrush snapdragon Mimulus guCatus Verbascum blaaria Digitalis purpurea seep monkeyflower mullein foxglove “Scrophulariaceae” “Scrophulariaceae sensu lato” Olmstead et al., 2001 “Scrophulariaceae” corolla zygomorphic, oLen bilabiate “Scrophulariaceae” some, with 4 petals and 2 stamens Veronica “Scrophulariaceae” stamens didynamous (2 long + 2 short) “Scrophulariaceae” stamens didynamous (2 long + 2 short) “Scrophulariaceae” many ovules / carpel Fruit: capsule “Scrophulariaceae” Scrophulariaceae sensu stricto Scrophularia Verbascum Selago figwort mullein Plantaginaceae Angelonia Linaria Penstemon toadflax beardtongue Phrymaceae Mimulus monkeyflower Orobanchaceae Caslleja Pedicularis Orobanche indian paintbrush lousewort broomrape Biogeography Biogeography Biogeography http://www.gbif.org/species/3033663 Distribution of Aconitum Biogeography C A B C A B Dispersal Speciation Biogeography NOAA Satellite and Information service, 1961 - 1990 Mean annual precipitation Biogeography NOAA Satellite and Information service, 1961 - 1990 Minimum temperature Biogeography Biogeography WA DNR Biogeography http://www.nwhi.org/index/gisdata Biogeography Lowland and montane forest Biogeography Prairie Biogeography Temperate rainforest Biogeography Alpine and subalpine Biogeography Ponderosa pine woodland Biogeography Sagebrush steppe .

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Downloaded on 12 March 2021, Was Applied to Evaluate the Extent of Species Other Than Chia in RNA-Seq Assemblies
plants Article Proteomic Identiﬁcation and Meta-Analysis in Salvia hispanica RNA-Seq de novo Assemblies Ashwil Klein 1 , Lizex H. H. Husselmann 1 , Achmat Williams 1, Liam Bell 2 , Bret Cooper 3 , Brent Ragar 4 and David L. Tabb 1,5,6,* 1 Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (L.H.H.H.); [email protected] (A.W.) 2 Centre for Proteomic and Genomic Research, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; [email protected] 3 USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; [email protected] 4 Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02150, USA; [email protected] 5 Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7500, South Africa 6 Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +27-82-431-2839 Abstract: While proteomics has demonstrated its value for model organisms and for organisms with mature genome sequence annotations, proteomics has been of less value in nonmodel organisms that are unaccompanied by genome sequence annotations. This project sought to determine the value of RNA-Seq experiments as a basis for establishing a set of protein sequences to represent a nonmodel organism, in this case, the pseudocereal chia. Assembling four publicly available chia RNA-Seq datasets produced transcript sequence sets with a high BUSCO completeness, though the Citation: Klein, A.; Husselmann, number of transcript sequences and Trinity “genes” varied considerably among them.
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Thymus Vulgaris L) and Salvia Officinalis (Sage
ISSN 2664-4142 (Print) & ISSN 2664-6749 (Online) South Asian Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Abbreviated Key Title: South Asian Res J Pharm Sci | Volume-3 | Issue-4 | July-Aug- 2021 | DOI: 10.36346/sarjps.2021.v03i04.001 Original Research Article Determination antioxidant activity of Green tea (Camellia sinensis), Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L) and Salvia officinalis (Sage) Ahmed M A Hamad1* 1High Institute for Medical Profession Albaida – Libya *Corresponding Author Ahmed M A Hamad Article History Received: 07.07.2021 Accepted: 10.08.2021 Published: 16.08.2021 Abstract: The methanolic crude extracts of some commonly used medicinal plants were screened for their free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid as standard antioxidant. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. The overall antioxidant activity of green tea Camellia sinensis, was the strongest, followed in descending order by Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) (Salvia officinalis L.) Showed less free radical scavenging activity with the DPPH method. All the methanolic extracts exhibited antioxidant activity significantly. The IC50 of the methanolic extracts ranged between 7.4 ± 0.1 and 14.9 ± 0.2 µg/ml and that of ascorbic acid was 9.8 ± 1 µg/ml. The study reveals that the consumption of these spices would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant activity. Keywords: DPPH, green tea Camellia sinensis, Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) (Salvia officinalis L. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, there are increasing consumer demands for foods, which contain ingredients that may impart health benefits beyond basic nutrition, including herbal. They represent not only a suitable medium for the dissolution of functional components, but also a convenient method of consumption [1].
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Monarda Didyma ‘Coral Reef’ North American Native Cultivar
www.whatsnative.com Monarda didyma ‘Coral Reef’ North American Native Cultivar Monarda (mo-nard-a) Named after Dr. Nicholas Monardas (1493-1588). didyma (di-di-ma) meaning twin or in pairs; two-fold (the stamens or the leaves). Zones: 3 – 8 Flower Color: Salmon-pink Height: 3 – 4’ Spacing: 18” ‘Coral Reef’ is a bright salmon pink, taller than parent ‘Marshall’s Delight’, at 3-4’ with good mildew resistance. About the Species: Common Name: Bee Balm, Oswego Tea Family: Lamiaceae Monardas can be 15-18” tall or 5’ tall, depending on the cultivar. As part of the Mint Family, Monarda has square stems and gray-green leaves, with a slightly ‘minty’ scent. The whorled clusters of petals are in a variety of colors. Monarda didyma is known to have a calming effect on bees and yields a high amount of nectar, hence the name Bee Balm. Monarda will also attract butterflies and hummingbirds. Habitat: Native to moist open woods, bottomlands, meadows and stream banks in eastern North America. In the Garden: This plant likes to grow in average to well- drained soil in full sun. Good air circulation surrounding the plant is essential to avoiding powdery mildew. Very tolerant of heat and humidity, this plant is excellent in the mixed border in the Mid-Atlantic States. Truth or Folklore White Fawn, a young Oswego Indian maiden, was mixing a poultice of crushed leaves to soothe insect bites she obtained while walkingwith her beau, Running Wolf. Running Wolf had used Monarda to scent his pomade that was made out of (hopefully fresh) bear grease.
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BEE BALM 'PETER's PURPLE' Monarda Fistulosa X Bartlettii 'Peter's
BEE BALM 'PETER’S PURPLE' Monarda fistulosa x bartlettii 'Peter's Purple' Characteristics • Type: Perennial • Sun: Full sun to part shade • Common Name: Wild bergamot • Water: Medium to wet • Zone: 6 to 9 • Maintenance: Low • Height: 3’-5’ • Flower: Showy • Spread: 2’-3’ • Leaf: Fragrant • Bloom Time: June to August • Attracts: Hummingbirds, Butterflies • Bloom Description: Lavender-purple • Tolerate: Deer, Wet Soil Culture Most hybrids are of Monarda didyma parentage and are easily grown in average, medium to wet, moisture retentive soils in full sun to part shade. Those of Monarda fistulosa parentage are more tolerant of drier soils. Prefers rich, humusy soils in full sun, but appreciates some afternoon shade in hot summer climates. Soils must not be allowed to dry out. Remove spent flowers to improve plant appearance and possibly to prolong bloom. Divide clumps every 3-4 years to prevent overcrowding and to control mildly spreading tendencies. The plant slowly spreads by rhizomes. Provide plants with good air circulation to help combat fungal leaf diseases. Noteworthy Characteristics 'Peter's Purple' is a hybrid of Monarda fistulosa ‘Claire Grace’ and a Mexican species, Monarda barlettii, that occurred in the garden of Texas native plant expert, Peter Loos. It is a clump-forming herbaceous perennial with aromatic, lance-shaped leaves. It has terminal whorls of two-lipped, 2 1/2 in. long, lavender purple flowers with purple calyces. It grows 3 to 5 ft. tall and 2 to 3 ft. wide. Problems Powdery mildew can be a serious problem with some of the monardas. 'Peter's Purple' is considered to be mildew resistant and will thrive in heat and humidity.
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Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order
Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
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Thymus Vulgaris Against Alternaria Citri E-Gnosis, Núm
e-Gnosis E-ISSN: 1665-5745 [email protected] Universidad de Guadalajara México Soto Mendívil, Erica A.; Moreno Rodríguez, Juan F.; Estarrón Espinosa, Mirna; García Fajardo, Jorge A.; Obledo Vázquez, Eva N. Chemical composition and fungicidal activity of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris against Alternaria citri e-Gnosis, núm. 4, 2006, p. 0 Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=73000416 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative © 2006, e-Gnosis [online] Vol. 4, Art. 16 Chemical composition and fungicidal…Soto M. E. et al. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF Thymus vulgaris AGAINST Alternaria citri COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDAD FUNGICIDA DEL ACEITE ESENCIAL DE THYMUS VULGARIS L. CONTRA ALTERNARIA CITRI Erica A. Soto-Mendívil 1, Juan F. Moreno-Rodríguez 2, Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa 3, Jorge A. García-Fajardo 3 and Eva N. Obledo-Vázquez 3 [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] Recibido: abril 07, 2006 / Aceptado: noviembre 15, 2006 / Publicado: noviembre 23, 2006 ABSTRACT. An essential oil extracted from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) was chemically analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy and evaluated for its fungicidal activity. The main constituents were borneol (28.4%), thymol (16.6%), carvacrol methyl ether (9.6%), camphene (6.9%), α-humulene (6.4%) and carvacrol (5.0%).
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Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
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State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species.
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Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
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Universidade Federal Do Ceará Centro De Ciências Departamento De Química Orgânica E Inorgânica Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Química
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA E INORGÂNICA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA TAYNARA SIMÃO MATOS INVESTIGAÇÃO DOS CONSTITUINTES QUÍMICOS DO CHÁ DE Plectranthus ornatus Codd FORTALEZA 2019 TAYNARA SIMÃO MATOS INVESTIGAÇÃO DOS CONSTITUINTES QUÍMICOS DO CHÁ DE Plectranthus ornatus Codd Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Química da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Química. Área de concentração: Química Orgânica. Orientador (a): Profa. Dra. Otília Deusdênia Loiola Pessoa. FORTALEZA 2019 TAYNARA SIMÃO MATOS INVESTIGAÇÃO DOS CONSTITUINTES QUÍMICOS DO CHÁ DE Plectranthus ornatus Codd Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Química da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Química. Área de concentração: Química Orgânica. Aprovada em: 26/ 07/ 2019. BANCA EXAMINADORA ________________________________________ Prof. Dra. Otília Deusdênia Loiola Pessoa (Orientador) Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) _________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Edilberto Rocha Silveira Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) _________________________________________ Prof. Dra. Jane Eire Silva Alencar de Menezes Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE) À Deus. À minha mãe, Lourdes. Ao meu pai, Antonio (in memorian). Aos meus irmãos, Thamyres, Thalyta, Tallys. Ao meu sobrinho, Bryan. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente à Deus por sempre estar ao meu lado me guiando, dando novas possibilidades e mostrando que Nele tudo posso. À Lourdes Francisca Simão, minha mãe, que sempre me incentivou, apoiou e foi minha fonte de paz. Ao Antonio Ferreira Matos, meu pai, que mesmo não estando mais neste plano, sinto que está comigo, sendo minha fortaleza. Aos meus irmãos Thamyres, Thalyta e Tallys, assim como ao meu sobrinho Bryan, por serem fontes de alegria e distração nos momentos de estresse.
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Palynological Evolutionary Trends Within the Tribe Mentheae with Special Emphasis on Subtribe Menthinae (Nepetoideae: Lamiaceae)
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Verbascum virgatum Stokes: an addition to the flora of Indiana, with comparison to Verbascum blattaria L. David P. Vernon and Jean D. Schoknecht Department of Life Sciences Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 47809 Introduction Experience in many countries has shown that one can easily find numerous rare plants along railroad tracks. Large unused lots in railyards and adjacent to rail lines are often luxuriously overgrown with vegetation that is quite rich in species (9). One such lot in downtown Terre Haute at the corner of First and Spruce streets is the site of collection of the first specimens of Verbascum virgatum Stokes found in Indiana. Verbascum L. is a European genus, five species of which have become established in the northeast United States and four others of which have been reported (3). The species are biennials, producing a rosette the first year and a tall flowering stem the next (4). Verbascum virgatum is distributed along roadsides from Cape Breton to southern Ontario, south to South Carolina, Ohio and Texas and in western states, as an adventive, according to Gray's Manual of Botany (2). The Ohio record is a single specimen collected in Franklin County in 1891 (7). It is considered a rare adventive in Illinois, where it was collected in Coles and Pulaski counties (8). These three specimens are housed in the herbarium of the Illinois Natural History Survey (ILLS). It is infrequent in the coastal plain of South Carolina and in Moore and Montgomery counties in North Carolina (11). It is reported as adventive along roadsides in Arizona and Utah (12).
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