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Ct Browsertest 1 21 Template-Version: 72 Bild: Rudolf A. Bild: Rudolf Blaha Wettflug Neun Desktop­Browser von schlank bis vielseitig Webbrowser müssen mit den Browser kann auf dem Desktop nennens- Komfort und Erweiterbarkeit verschiedensten technischen werte Marktanteile ergattern. Viele (Komfort-)Funktionen sind Stan- Standards klarkommen, kom­ Das ist schade, denn der Browser- dard: ein PDF-Betrachter, ein Passwort- markt gibt mehr her. Wir haben für diesen manager, Entwicklerwerkzeuge und die plexe Anwendungen zackig Artikel die vier „Großen“ mit fünf weniger Option, wichtige Tabs anzupinnen, finden ausführen, den Surfer effektiv verbreiteten Browsern verglichen. Getes- sich in allen Browsern. Wir haben sie daher unterstützen und ihn nicht tet haben wir nur auf dem Desktop, ein in der Tabelle weggelassen. Ungoogled zuletzt vor Gefahren und neu­ zusätzlicher Vergleich auf Mobilgeräten Chromium bietet als einziger Browser gierigen Webdiensten schützen. hätte den Rahmen gesprengt. Falls es von keine Synchronisierungsfunktion. Water- Ein Vielseitigkeitskampf. den Browsern Mobilversionen gibt, haben fox nutzt Firefox Sync, kann sich also mit wir dies in der Tabelle angegeben. den Mozilla-Browsern abgleichen. Sechs der Browser setzen auf Googles In puncto Funktionsumfang gehen die Von Jo Bager und Holger Bleich Open-Source-Projekt Chromium/Blink Browserhersteller sehr unterschiedliche auf: Brave, Chrome, Edge, Opera, Ungoog- Wege. Chrome, Ungoogled Chromium led Chromium und Vivaldi. Außer Firefox und Waterfox sind auf wesentliche Brow- selbst nutzt auch Waterfox dessen Rende- serfunktionen reduziert. Edge, Opera und eine Frage: Die Systembrowser ring Engine Gecko. Außerdem haben wir Vivaldi dagegen trumpfen mit vielen Zu- Edge, Safari und Firefox – bei vielen Safari (WebKit) mit in den Test genom- satz-Features auf – vielseitig bestückbare K Linux-Distributionen der Standard men. Safari ist als einziger Browser nur für Seitenleisten bei Opera und Vivaldi zum – sind mächtig. Dennoch konnte Chrome macOS verfügbar. Durch seine enge Ver- Beispiel und Sammlungen bei Edge. Brave, (beziehungsweise Chromium unter Linux) zahnung mit dem Betriebssystem kann er Firefox und Safari liegen in puncto Funk- in alle Betriebssystem-Domänen einbre- den macOS-Schlüsselbund für das Pass- tionsumfang irgendwo in der Mitte. chen. Aber mit diesen vier Schwergewich- wortmanagement sowie den Content- Während es für die Chromium- und ten hat es sich dann auch: Kein weiterer Blocker nutzen. die Firefox-Browser tausende Erweiterun- © Copyright by Heise Medien. Persönliches PDF für Martin Lange aus 8185 Winkel 64 c’t 2021, Heft 2 Template-Version: 72 Browser: Vergleichstest | Titel gen aller Art gibt, stehen für Safari derzeit Performance-Tests unter macOS nur etwa hundert bereit. Aber es ist wohl Browser JetStream MotionMark Speedometer WebXPRT nur eine Frage der Zeit, bis sich diese Zahl deutlich erhöht. So hat Apple mit Safari 14 besser > besser > besser > besser > Chrome 129000 306,86 111,9 197 eine WebExtensions-Schnittstelle bereit- Firefox 72000 84,881 94,1 229 gestellt, die denen anderer Browser gleicht. Safari 153015 670,67 117 236 Das Ziel dürfte dabei sein, Add-on-Entwick- 1 mit WebRender-Engine 181 lern die Portierung ihrer Produkte in die Apple-Welt möglichst einfach zu machen, damit sich der App Store schneller füllt. Nutzerprofile sind praktisch, wenn 84 (am 15. Dezember 2020 erschienen) selt ausleitet. Einen besseren Ansatz ver- mehrere Personen einen Browser nutzen. noch einen deutlichen Performance-Zuge- folgt Brave, das Tor eingebaut hat. Alle Browser außer Opera und Safari bieten winn bei vielen Benchmarks erhalten. diese Funktion. Praktisch ist es auch, wenn Datenschutz man mehrere Arbeitsbereiche einrichten Sicherheit Manch einer der Browser verfügt über ein- kann – zum Beispiel, um private Surftouren Wer ein Maximum an Sicherheit will, fährt gebaute Werbe- und Trackerblocker. Was von dienstlichen Recherchen zu trennen. mit „großen“ Browsern am besten: Google, diese Funktionen versprechen, haben wir Vivaldi hat diese Funktion eingebaut, für Safari, Firefox, Edge, Opera, Vivaldi, Brave. bei frisch installierten Browsern mit „Cover alle anderen Browser außer Safari lässt sie Bei denen kann man davon ausgehen, dass Your Tracks“ der Electronic Frontier Foun- sich mit Add-ons nachrüsten. ein hinreichend großes Entwicklerteam dation (EFF) getestet – mit durchwachse- dahintersteht, bei dem das Thema Sicher- nen Ergebnissen. Nur Brave konnte dort Performance heit eine angemessene Rolle spielt und das alle Tracker blockieren, einige andere Wir haben die Browser unter identischen schnell einen Fix bereitstellen kann, sobald Browser bestanden den Tracker-Test „teil- Hardwarebedingungen mehreren Perfor- eine Sicherheitslücke bekannt wird. weise“. Wer sich einen neuen Browser ins- mance-Tests unterzogen. JetStream2 tes- Die beiden anderen Browser, Water- talliert, sollte also die Trackerblocker tet JavaScript und WebAssembly, Motion- fox und Ungoogled Chromium, sind nicht schärfer justieren und ihre Wirkung mit Mark die Grafik, Speedometer die Respon- per se unsicher. Man muss aber tenden- dem EFF-Tool überprüfen. siveness von Webanwendungen und ARES ziell davon ausgehen, dass es bei kleineren Einen eindeutigen Fingerabdruck hin- neue JavaScript-Funktionen. Während Projekten länger dauert, bis ein wichtiges terließen alle Browser außer Brave im Test, diese Tests eher Teilaspekte herauspicken, Sicherheitsupdate im Browser ankommt. sodass sie für Dritte identifizierbar wären. testet der WebXPRT-Benchmark die Der Test mit Browseraudit, das Browser Dies gilt auch für Firefox mit eingeschalte- HTML5- und JavaScript-Funktionen der auf die richtige Implementierung von Si- tem Fingerprinting-Schutz: Im Test fiel auf, Browser anhand von Alltagsszenarien wie cherheitsstandards überprüft, hat aller- dass dieser Schutz bislang allenfalls spora- Fotoverbesserung, Verschlüsselung von dings bei keinem Browser einen kritischen disch Fingerprinting-Versuche von Websei- Notizen und Online-Hausaufgaben. Fehler gefunden, sondern nur einige War- ten erkennt und blockt, verlassen sollte man Kein getesteter Browser fiel bei der nor- nungen ausgeworfen. sich darauf also nicht. Solche Blocker wer- malen Nutzung als lahm auf – da haben die Opera verfügt über ein eingebautes, den immer relevanter, denn weil die Browser Browserhersteller ihre Aufgaben gemacht, kostenloses VPN. Der Benutzer kann damit und Werbeblocker Cookie-Tracking zuneh- und immer schnellere Hardware tut ihr üb- seinen Standort verschleiern, zum Beispiel mend erschweren, nutzen Werbenetzwerke riges. Vor diesem Hintergrund sollte man wenn er bei einem ausländischen Strea- eben andere Methoden, um Surfsessions die Testergebnisse sehen. Dennoch ergibt mingdienst Filme sehen will, die er sonst über Sites hinweg verfolgen zu können. sich aus der Masse der Ergebnisse ein Bild. nicht angeboten bekäme. Wer seinen kom- Wer Wert auf größtmögliche Privatsphä- So lag Ungoogled Chromium nicht nur bei pletten Datenverkehr aber über einen ein- re legt, möchte auch beim Browserhersteller einigen der synthetischen Tests im hinteren zelnen Anbieter leitet, begibt sich voll in keine Spuren hinterlassen. Das geht aber Feld, sondern vor allem bei WebXPRT. dessen Hände und muss darauf vertrauen, nicht, wenn der Browser Telemetrie- oder Firefox hat während des Tests mit Version dass er keinen Datenverkehr unverschlüs- andere Daten an den Hersteller sendet. In der Performance-Tests unter Windows Browser JetStream MotionMark Speedometer WebXPRT besser > besser > besser > besser > Brave 116,713 220,81 88,6 191 Chrome 74,860 169,93 66,9 203 Edge 74,636 139,71 69,7 203 Firefox 83,809 193,25 98,9 226 Opera 80,123 150,99 59,5 195 Ungoogled Chromium 76,662 155,11 62,0 129 Vivaldi 124,342 285,82 109,0 192 Waterfox 87,830 38,31 70,0 231 © Copyright by Heise Medien. Persönliches PDF für Martin Lange aus 8185 Winkel c’t 2021, Heft 2 65 Template-Version: 72 Titel | Browser: Vergleichstest Brave Chrome Edge Der (gleichnamige) Hersteller von Brave Googles Browser dominiert den Markt Microsoft hat seinem noch recht neuen hat sich ganz dem Kampf für mehr Pri- nicht rein zufällig. Chrome bietet im Browser bereits etliche nützliche Funk- vatsphäre im Netz und damit gegen Grunde das, was Firefox zu Beginn aus- tionen spendiert: eine konfigurierbare klassische Online-Werbung verschrie- machen sollte: ein sehr aufgeräumtes, Startseite mit Lesezeichen, personali- ben. Brave ist der einzige Browser im schlichtes Design, Kompatibilität zu sierbaren News und Wetterberichten; Test, der in den Standardeinstellungen Standards und hohes Tempo bei Reisen einen PDF-Reader, in dem der Nutzer im EFF-Test alle Tracker blockiert hat durchs Web. Obwohl Chrome in hoher Dokumente mit Anmerkungen verse- und über einen randomisierten Finger- Taktzahl Updates erhält, bleibt Google hen kann; einen „immersiven Reader“ print verfügt, was das Tracking zusätz- diesem Prinzip stets treu. Und weil sich mit ablenkungsfreier Leseansicht und lich erschwert. der Browser eine riesige Fanbase auf- Vorlesefunktion zum Beispiel. Werbung filtert der eingebaute gebaut hat, kommt kein Webentwickler Dabei scheint Microsoft sehr be- Werbeblocker ziemlich rigide heraus, daran vorbei, seine Sites auf die Dar- strebt, den Browser mit Windows, aber weshalb Brave große Sites subjektiv stellung in Chrome zu testen und zu auch mit seinen anderen Diensten zu schneller lädt. Stattdessen bietet der optimieren – was Chrome im Rück- verzahnen – Apple lässt grüßen: Benut- Browser an, selbst Werbung in Form schluss
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