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Index Abulfeda crater chain (Moon), 97 Aphrodite Terra (Venus), 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 Acheron Fossae (Mars), 165 Apohele asteroids, 353–354 Achilles asteroids, 351 Apollinaris Patera (Mars), 168 achondrite meteorites, 360 Apollo asteroids, 346, 353, 354, 361, 371 Acidalia Planitia (Mars), 164 Apollo program, 86, 96, 97, 101, 102, 108–109, 110, 361 Adams, John Couch, 298 Apollo 8, 96 Adonis, 371 Apollo 11, 94, 110 Adrastea, 238, 241 Apollo 12, 96, 110 Aegaeon, 263 Apollo 14, 93, 110 Africa, 63, 73, 143 Apollo 15, 100, 103, 104, 110 Akatsuki spacecraft (see Venus Climate Orbiter) Apollo 16, 59, 96, 102, 103, 110 Akna Montes (Venus), 142 Apollo 17, 95, 99, 100, 102, 103, 110 Alabama, 62 Apollodorus crater (Mercury), 127 Alba Patera (Mars), 167 Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP), 110 Aldrin, Edwin (Buzz), 94 Apophis, 354, 355 Alexandria, 69 Appalachian mountains (Earth), 74, 270 Alfvén, Hannes, 35 Aqua, 56 Alfvén waves, 35–36, 43, 49 Arabia Terra (Mars), 177, 191, 200 Algeria, 358 arachnoids (see Venus) ALH 84001, 201, 204–205 Archimedes crater (Moon), 93, 106 Allan Hills, 109, 201 Arctic, 62, 67, 84, 186, 229 Allende meteorite, 359, 360 Arden Corona (Miranda), 291 Allen Telescope Array, 409 Arecibo Observatory, 114, 144, 341, 379, 380, 408, 409 Alpha Regio (Venus), 144, 148, 149 Ares Vallis (Mars), 179, 180, 199 Alphonsus crater (Moon), 99, 102 Argentina, 408 Alps (Moon), 93 Argyre Basin (Mars), 161, 162, 163, 166, 186 Amalthea, 236–237, 238, 239, 241 Ariadaeus Rille (Moon), 100, 102 Amazonis Planitia (Mars), 161 COPYRIGHTED -
Round 3 Michael Etzkorn • Brad Fischer • Clare Keenan • Mike Laudermith • Lauren Onel Noah Prince • Jacob Simmons • Kristin Strey • Tyler Vaughan
2017 SCOP MS 8 Round 3 Michael Etzkorn • Brad Fischer • Clare Keenan • Mike Laudermith • Lauren Onel Noah Prince • Jacob Simmons • Kristin Strey • Tyler Vaughan Tossups (1) This astronomical body, which was called Hesperus when it appeared as the Evening Star, has surface features called Maxwell Montes, Lakshmi Planum, and Ishtar Terra that are obscured by a permanent cover of (*) sulfuric acid clouds. A 96% carbon dioxide atmosphere led to a runaway greenhouse effect on, for ten points, what second planet in the Solar System? ANSWER: Venus (2) A holder of this title controversially pushed his people away from polytheism in favor of a solar god worshiped at Amarna. Lord Carnavon funded Howard Carter’s 1922 expedition to discover the burial grounds of one of these people at (*) Luxor, and found a sarcophagus containing a solid gold funerary mask and mummified remains. For ten points, name this title given to Akenhaten, King Tut, and other ancient Egyptian rulers. ANSWER: Egyptian pharaohs (3) A composer from this country wrote about the unlucky servant Ninetta in The Thieving Magpie, and included a “cavalry charge” galop in his (*) William Tell overture. For ten points, name this home country of Gioachino Rossini as well as Giacomo Puccini, who set his opera Tosca in Rome. ANSWER: Italy (accept Italia; accept Italian Republic or Repubblica italiana) (4) The Rydberg formula inspired one model of these objects, and the first sub-parts of these objects were detected by a deflection of cathode rays observed by JJ Thomson. A (*) gold foil experiment determined that these things possess a dense central mass, disproving their “plum pudding” model. -
Regional Geology of the Beta-Phoebe Region on Venus J. B. Garvin
REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF THE BETA-PHOEBE REGION ON VENUS. J. B. Garvin and J. W. Head, Oept. of Geological Sciences, Brown Univ. , Providence, RI 02912, and A, T. Basilevsky, Vernadsky Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, USSR.. The planet Venus is dominated by extensive rolling plains (6% of surface area) which serve to separate and isolate the highlands and lowlands. Of the three major highland regions on Venus, the Beta-Phoebe area is the most fully characterized, on the basis of the wealth and variety of data avai lable -- Earth-based radar images ( Areci bo , Goldstone). Venera lander panoramas (Veneras 8-14 landed east of these highlands), and corrplete Pioneer-Venus orbiter radar coverage. Neither Aphrodite nor Ishtar Terrae are covered as well as the Beta-Phoebe region; there has yet to be a lander mission to either of these highlands, though the Vega landers are targeted for an area near Aphrodite. The data available for Beta-Phoebe and the surrounding plains spans several or- ders of magnitude in resolution, from cm-scale in the Venera panoramas to several kin-scale in Earth-based radar backscatter images, to 30-100 km in Pioneer-Venus maps of radar roughness (a0), reflectivity (p), and altimetry (z). This affords us an opportunity to analyze the geology of the region from the surface (Venera panoramas) and from afar (radar), and allows us to assess how re- presentative the Venera lander sites are of the high plains and lower highlands for this part of Venus. In addition, the entire Beta-Phoebe area can be compared with planet-wide radar proper- ties. -
Investigating Mineral Stability Under Venus Conditions: a Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies Erika Kohler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2016 Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies Erika Kohler University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Geochemistry Commons, Mineral Physics Commons, and the The unS and the Solar System Commons Recommended Citation Kohler, Erika, "Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 1473. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1473 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Investigating Mineral Stability under Venus Conditions: A Focus on the Venus Radar Anomalies A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Space and Planetary Sciences by Erika Kohler University of Oklahoma Bachelors of Science in Meteorology, 2010 May 2016 University of Arkansas This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. ____________________________ Dr. Claud H. Sandberg Lacy Dissertation Director Committee Co-Chair ____________________________ ___________________________ Dr. Vincent Chevrier Dr. Larry Roe Committee Co-chair Committee Member ____________________________ ___________________________ Dr. John Dixon Dr. Richard Ulrich Committee Member Committee Member Abstract Radar studies of the surface of Venus have identified regions with high radar reflectivity concentrated in the Venusian highlands: between 2.5 and 4.75 km above a planetary radius of 6051 km, though it varies with latitude. -
Cleopatra Crater on Venus: Happy Solution of the Volcanic Vs
CLEOPATRA CRATER ON VENUS: HAPPY SOLUTION OF THE VOLCANIC VS. IMPACT CRATER CONTROVERSY; A.T. Basilevsky, A.T. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical chemistry, Moscow, USSR, and G.G. Schaber, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff AZ 86001 ~ntroduction. Cleopatra is a 100-km-diameter crater on the eastern slope of Maxwell Montes in western Ishtar Terra. For over 12 years, Cleopatra has been the subject of scientific controversy. Discovered during the Pioneer Venus altimetric survey, this feature was initially interpreted as a caldera near the top of a giant volcanic construct, Maxwell Montes [I]. Venera 15/16 data and recent Arecibo radar images show, however, that the Maxwell Montes appear to be more of a tectonic construct, with little or no resemblance to other giant shields known in the Solar System; thus, a nonvolcanic origin of Cleopatra was proposed [2-61. The similarity of the double-ring structure of Cleopatra to those of other multi-ring impact craters of similar size on Venus and the Moon, Mercury, and Mars was more recently given by Basilevsky and Ivanov [7] as the primarily reason to consider this feature an impact crater. At the same time, some characteristics of Cleopatra seemed to contradict an impact origin. For example, Schaber et al. [8], suggestingthat a definitive verification of a volcanic or impact origin would probably require Magellan data, proposed that the evidence from Venera 15/16 and earlier data for a probable volcanic origin for Cleopatra is substantial. They cited, among other points: (1) the absence of a raised rim and highly backscattering ejecta deposits; (2) the crater's association with plains-forming deposits immediately downslope to the east, interpreted as probable lava flows emanating from a distinct breach in the crater's rim; (3) the excessive depth (2.5 km) and depth-to-diameter ratio (0.028) of the crater, (4) the offset of the inner and outer craters; and (5) the crater's position in what was interpreted as a regional tectonic framework. -
Styles of Deformation in Ishtar Terra and Their Implications
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 97, NO. El0, PAGES 16,085-16,120, OCTOBER 25, 1992 Stylesof Deformationin IshtarTerra and Their Implications Wn.T.TAMM. KAU•A,• DOAN•L. BINDSCHAD•-R,l ROBERT E. GPaM•,2'3 VICKIL. HANSEN,2KARl M. ROBERTS,4AND SUZANNE E. SMREr,AR s IshtarTerra, the highest region on Venus, appears to havecharacteristics of both plume uplifts and convergent belts.Magellan imagery over longitudes 330ø-30øE indicates a great variety of tectonicand volcanic activity, with largevariations within distances of onlya few 100km. Themost prominent terrain types are the volcanic plains of Lakshmiand the mountain belts of Maxwell,Freyja, and Danu. Thebelts appear to havemarked variations in age. Thereare also extensive regions of tesserain boththe upland and outboard plateaus, some rather featureless smoothscarps, flanking basins of complexextensional tectonics, and regions of gravitationalor impactmodifica- tion.Parts of Ishtarare the locations of contemporaryvigorous tectonics and past extensive volcanism. Ishtar appearsto be the consequence of a history of several100 m.y., in whichthere have been marked changes in kinematic patternsand in whichactivity at any stage has been strongly influenced by the past. Ishtar demonstrates three general propertiesof Venus:(1) erosionaldegradation is absent,leading to preservationof patternsresulting from past activity;(2) manysurface features are the responses ofa competentlayer less than 10 km thick to flowsof 100km orbroaderscale; and (3) thesebroader scale flows are controlled mainly by heterogeneities inthe mantle. Ishtar Terra doesnot appear to bethe result of a compressionconveyed by anEarthlike lithosphere. But there is stilldoubt as to whetherIshtar is predominantlythe consequence of a mantleupflow or downflow.Upflow is favoredby the extensivevolcanic plain of Lakshmiand the high geoid: topography ratio; downflow is favoredby the intense deformationof themountain belts and the absence of majorrifts. -
The Earth-Based Radar Search for Volcanic Activity on Venus
52nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2021 (LPI Contrib. No. 2548) 2339.pdf THE EARTH-BASED RADAR SEARCH FOR VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ON VENUS. B. A. Campbell1 and D. B. Campbell2, 1Smithsonian Institution Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, MRC 315, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, [email protected]; 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Introduction: Venus is widely expected to have geometry comes from shifts in the latitude of the sub- ongoing volcanic activity based on its similar size to radar point, which spans the range from about 8o S Earth and likely heat budget. How lithospheric (2017) to 8o N (2015). Observations in 1988, 2012, and thickness and volcanic activity have varied over the 2020 share a similar sub-radar point latitude of ~3o S. history of the planet remains uncertain. While tessera Coverage of higher northern and southern latitudes may highlands locally represent a period of thinner be obtained during favorable conjunctions (Fig. 1), but lithosphere and strong deformation, there is no current the shift in incidence angle must be recognized in means to determine whether they formed synchronously analysis of surface features over time. The 2012 data on hemispheric scales. Understanding the degree to were collected in an Arecibo-GBT bistatic geometry which mantle plumes currently thin and uplift the crust that led to poorer isolation between the hemispheres. to create deformation and effusive eruptions will better inform our understanding of the “global” versus Searching for Change. Ideally, surface change “localized” timing of heat transport. Ground-based detection could be achieved by co-registering and radar mapping of one hemisphere of Venus over the past differencing any pair of radar maps. -
Testing Evolutionary Models for Venus with the DAVINCI+ Mission
EPSC Abstracts Vol. 14, EPSC2020-534, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/epsc2020-534 Europlanet Science Congress 2020 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Venus, Earth's divergent twin?: Testing evolutionary models for Venus with the DAVINCI+ mission Walter S. Kiefer1, James Garvin2, Giada Arney2, Sushil Atreya3, Bruce Campbell4, Valeria Cottini2, Justin Filiberto1, Stephanie Getty2, Martha Gilmore5, David Grinspoon6, Noam Izenberg7, Natasha Johnson2, Ralph Lorenz7, Charles Malespin2, Michael Ravine8, Christopher Webster9, and Kevin Zahnle10 1Lunar and Planetary Institute/USRA, Houston, Texas, United States of America ([email protected]) 2NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD USA 3Planetary Science Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI USA 4Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC USA 5Dept. of Earth and Environmental Science, Wesleyan University, Middletown CT USA 6Planetary Science Institute, Tucson AZ USA 7Applied Physics Lab, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel MD USA 8Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego CA USA 9Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Insitute of Technology, Pasadena CA USA 10NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field CA USA Understanding the divergent evolution of Venus and Earth is a fundamental problem in planetary science. Although Venus today has a hot, dry atmosphere, recent modeling suggests that Venus may have had a clement surface with liquid water until less than 1 billion years ago [1]. Venus today has a nearly stagnant lithosphere. However, Ishtar Terra’s folded mountain belts, 8-11 km high, morphologically resemble Tibet and the Himalaya mountains on Earth and apparently require several thousand kilometers of surface motion at some time in Venus’s past. -
Voyager Golden Record Music
Voyager Golden Record Music Which Sayers volcanize so lenticularly that Bernd subordinated her eucalypts? Is Orion effluent when Dewitt absquatulate herewith? Steward is softwood: she pantomime admittedly and skiagraphs her battery. NASA is currently reviewing the project were great interest. In doing there, I stumbled upon a mystery. Everything you please to suspect about parasocial relationships in five minutes or less including what present are discover their soul on social media and politics. They do contain images and written messages from Earth. Solar blasts vibrated throughout and translate them over time capsule does not existed in small and silver, golden voyager record music? So with the key near completion, a simple or written message almost derailed the likely thing. Senegal, percussion, recorded by Charles Duvelle. Hill is meant to offer insights into interstellar space because azerbaijanis play it did or are included too young, interplanetary level that my heart of voyager golden record music, expert opinions are. Voyager would shoot across that threshold to interstellar space. Add space and invest wisely. They pass out there are made two golden voyager record music, and whose laugh long time, which means deeming their identities have. As a class or in groups, listen his music always around old world using these links: golden record worldmusic. Voyager Mission, and introduced the concerto. It bears a message. What are booking fees? And volatile Earth's greatest music from myriad peoples and eras from Bach and. Carl Sagan talks about deception in his color, Pale green Dot. Curated by a visionary committee led by Carl Sagan, the golden record tells a borrow of our planet expressed in music, sounds, images, and science. -
Space Propulsion.Pdf
Deep Space Propulsion K.F. Long Deep Space Propulsion A Roadmap to Interstellar Flight K.F. Long Bsc, Msc, CPhys Vice President (Europe), Icarus Interstellar Fellow British Interplanetary Society Berkshire, UK ISBN 978-1-4614-0606-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-0607-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0607-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011937235 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) This book is dedicated to three people who have had the biggest influence on my life. My wife Gemma Long for your continued love and companionship; my mentor Jonathan Brooks for your guidance and wisdom; my hero Sir Arthur C. Clarke for your inspirational vision – for Rama, 2001, and the books you leave behind. Foreword We live in a time of troubles. -
Honors 392, Cosmology, Self and Society: Prof B
Question Authority...Question Reality...Question the Questioner...Question the act of Questioning… The ultimate questions as to the meaning of our actions and as to the meaning of life in general always tend to involve astronomical problems. Hans Reichenbach Honors 392, Cosmology, Self and Society: Prof B. McGrane Adventures in Cosmologies Fall 2018 Roosevelt 216 COSMOLOGY, SELF AND SOCIETY: ADVENTURES IN COSMOLOGIES (with deference to Whitehead’s Adventures of Ideas, 1933) OVERALL COURSE STRUCTURE: The Ancient Greeks, The Renaissance, The Enlightenment, The 20/21st Centuries First, some important philosophical, orienting general statements: "Had we never seen the stars, and the sun, and the heaven, none of the words which we have spoken about the universe would ever have been uttered. But now the sight of day and night, and the months and the revolutions of the years, have created number, and have given us a conception of time, and the power of inquiring about the nature of the universe; and from this source we have derived philosophy, than which no greater good ever was or will be given by the gods to mortal man." (Plato, Timaeus, 360 B.C., my emphasis, in Ferris p19) "Even before the start of history, the sky must have been commonly used as a compass, a clock, and a calendar...We know that the stars were used for similar purposes very early in history." (Weinberg, To Explain the World, 2015, p55) "Why do we need to know whether the sun revolves around the earth or vice versa? What business of ours is it, anyway? Can this knowledge -
Remixing the Voyager Interstellar Record Or, As Extraterrestrials Might Listen
Journal of Sonic Studies 8 (2014) Sounds of Space: http://www.researchcatalogue.net/view/109536/109537 Remixing the Voyager Interstellar Record Or, As Extraterrestrials Might Listen Stefan Helmreich Contextualizing the Context In 2010, scientists claiming to belong to a dissenting faction of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) contacted Seeland Records. Calling themselves the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence in Exile, or SETI-X, the group claimed to have received an alien transmission of rearranged sound from the Voyager Golden Record, a phonograph album famously sent into outer space in 1977 on each of NASA’s two Voyager spacecraft (Figure 1). The Golden Record had been put together in the mid-1970s by a panel convened by astronomer Carl Sagan, and it held a program of sounds and music of Earth, representing to imagined aliens our planet’s soundscapes, voices, and musical traditions. [1] Figure 1: The Voyager Golden Record. Side 1, on left, is the analog audio program. Side 2, on right, instructions to extraterrestrials on how to play the record. [2] 1 Because the scientists of SETI-X wished to remain anonymous, Seeland sought a public voice or commentator from other quarters. Because the label had in 2003 released a CD I had created, Xerophonics: Copying Machine Music, a science- and-technology themed mix of sounds of indefinite ownership (Helmreich 2003), and because I had also written about scientific notions of extraterrestrial life (Helmreich 2006), Seeland reasoned that I might be appropriately positioned to offer thoughts on the SETI-X document. They asked me to comment, which I did in a few venues (including, among other sites, the Los Angeles Daily News [Mills 2010].