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Attachment 5.1.2.3 Pacilic Salmon Foundation L.604.664.7664 300 - I 682 West 7Th Avenue L

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Attachment 5.1.2.3 Pacilic Salmon Foundation L.604.664.7664 300 - I 682 West 7Th Avenue L Attachment 5.1.2.3 Pacilic Salmon Foundation l.604.664.7664 www.psf.ca 300 - I 682 West 7th Avenue l. 604.6647665 Vancouver. British Columbia N2 Canada V6J 456 PACIFIC SALMON FOUNDATION October 23,20'J,8 Stephanie Snider, MBA Trans Mountain Expansion Project Dear Ms. Snider, Enclosed you will find the 2017-2018 progress report for the Canadian component of the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project. 2017 marked the end of field programs and while some discreet projects are continuing the majority of the project has now moved into the analysis stage. Several working groups have been convened to lead the analysis and meetings have taken place over the summer and fall. Ongoing projects for 20L8 include; o Citizen Science program o Satellite imagery program . Synchronicity between phytoplankton and zooplankton phenology program r Strategic Salmon Health lnitiative (SSHt) o HarmfulAlgal Bloom monitoring o Modeling programs o Predation studies The SSMSP has resulted in 23 accepted (21 published) manuscripts and many technical reports and affiliated publications. Later this fall PSF will report out on key findings to communities around the Strait of Georgia and discussions of potential priority legacy projects is underway. lf you have any questions or concerns please feel free to contact me at the coordinates below. Rega Tim Sucic VP Operations Pacific Salmon Foundation 300 - 1-682 West 7th Avenue Vancouver, BC V6J 456 Attachment 5.1.2.3 2017-2018 Activity Summary October 2018 THE SALISH SEA MARINE SURVIVAL PROJECT: 2017-2018 ACTIVITIES. Overview In 2017, the Canadian Salish Sea Marine Survival Project (SSMSP) teams continued their field programs including measurements of physical water properties, zooplankton, forage fish and juvenile fish sample collections, acoustic tracking studies and seal predation programs. The program involved academic and federal Principal Investigators for field studies as well community-based, citizen science sampling programs, such as the SSMSP Citizen Science Oceanography program which utilized volunteers to sample water quality and zooplankton data throughout the Strait of Georgia. 2017 made up the third and final year of the complete program of field studies in the Strait. Work continued to focus on the Cowichan, Big Qualicum and Fraser watersheds. A number of modeling initiatives were funded on the Canadian side for 2017-2018, and GIS and analytical capacity was increased. Work continued with the Strait of Georgia Data Centre (SGDC) to collate datasets gathered under SSMSP, and time series for use by the modelers. The Pacific Salmon Foundation (PSF) established a number of focused workgroups for the following: Biological Oceanography & Environmental Parameters: Zooplankton, Ichthyoplankton & Forage Fish: Juvenile Salmon: Predation, Parasitism & Disease; Nearshore Habitat; and Analysis & Modeling. Workgroup leaders were assigned, and meetings occurred during the summer and fall to assess progress to date with respect to the key SSMSP hypotheses. Focus for Canadian SSMSP activities for 2018 was on sample processing and analyses, publications, and on synthesis activities. The vast majority of field projects are now complete, and several final reports have been submitted. Sample analysis and data analysis is ongoing at several major labs at the University of Victoria, University of British Columbia (UBC) and Fisheries and Ocean Canada (DFO) (e.g. the Strait of Georgia Zooplankton and Juvenile Salmon Programs). Ongoing Canadian projects for 2018 include the following: PSF Citizen Science program, Maycira Costa’s satellite imagery programs, Karyn Suchy’s Synchronicity between phytoplankton and zooplankton phenology program, EPIC 4, the Strategic Salmon Health Initiative (SSHI), PSF’s Harmful Algal Bloom monitoring, Brian Hunt’s project to examine the trophic structure of the Salish Sea plankton food web, the UBC Modeling programs, UBC Predation studies (seals and herons), and DFO-led Wild-Hatchery Interaction Studies (delayed release trials). Modeling initiatives also are ongoing, and Villy Christensen is working with his counterparts, Carl Walters and post docs to continue development of a full Strait of Georgia model. Progress continues at UBC and the food web modelling component began September 2018. We are now at a total of 23 accepted (21 published) manuscripts from the SSMSP. There are also many technical reports and affiliated publications associated with SSMSP. Materials are available online on our publication tracker: SSMSP Publications1 1 Salish Sea Marine Survival Project Publication Tracker: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14GrVYD0jUYFkUtCBOJ0TwUbWNFJMYqCb2yJLgMwbYcU/edit?usp=sharing Page 1 of 7 Attachment 5.1.2.3 Next steps for PSF include a number of meetings for the fall of 2018 to report out our key findings to date to communities around the Strait of Georgia. PSF (Drs. Brian Riddell and Isobel Pearsall) are working on a series of recommendations for priority legacy projects based upon the key findings identified during SSMSP, and Isobel is working on a number of technical summaries, short videos and online story maps to provide project information to the interested public. Highlights Citizen Science Program The Citizen Science Oceanography program was designed to sample and monitor the Strait of Georgia at a spatial scale not possible before. Collections are made of water quality (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll content, nutrients), turbidity, phytoplankton, and zooplankton. The examination of phytoplankton also allows for an analysis of harmful algal species. The program was begun in February 2015, with all vessel operators fully trained to carry out the program on the first “shakedown” cruises. During 2015, the program had vessels outfitted and actively sampling the Strait of Georgia from Campbell River, Deep Bay, Qualicum, Cowichan Bay, Victoria, Lund, Powell River, Sechelt and Steveston. There was also some sampling done in Ladysmith, partnering with the Snuneymuxw First Nations. Ocean Networks Canada provided a smart phone application for sample data transfer so that data can be transmitted directly to ONC, undergo QA/QC, archived and made freely available over the internet. In 2016 some changes were made to the program: the Victoria vessel was not continued as this area showed little seasonal variation oceanographically; instead it was replaced by a new vessel sampling out of Galiano Island. Thus, in total, there have been 10 groups actively monitoring the Strait for each year 2015-present. During 2016, PSF partnered with Hakai to examine ocean acidity on the Baynes Sound and Powell River vessels. The program was continued through 2017 using the same format. The complete tally of samples collected for 2015-2017 is as follows: Sampling Vessel Nutrients Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Secchi Zooplankton Years Trips CTD casts Collected Collected Collected Recordings Collected Total Samples 2015 150 2,264 1,809 1,381 193 2,088 146 7,881 2016 199 1,445 1,587 2,064 349 2,825 60 8,330 2017 197 1,420 1,529 1,934 340 2,814 54 8,091 3 years 546 5,129 4,925 5,379 882 7,727 260 24,302 PSF was able to secure funding to run the Citizen Science Program for one additional year in 2018. Several SSMSP scientists are utilizing the citizen science data for model validation, and to address other questions as part of their programs. Examples of these programs and applications include the following: o Strategic Salmon Health Initiative: is there a relationship between level of stress (fish from areas temps O > 17 C temp & <6ppm O2) and expression of disease states? o Harmful algal blooms: How does water temperature/ salinity/ DO/ nutrients affect prevalence of HABS? o Migration Pathways of Pacific Salmon: Is there are relationship between water quality/hotspots of plankton & migration pathways? o Kelp and Eelgrass Restoration: Characterizing turbidity and water properties in a number of estuaries around the Strait Page 2 of 7 Attachment 5.1.2.3 o Juvenile Salmon Studies: Relating the distribution, diet and fish size for key juvenile salmon stocks to temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. o Modeling Studies and Satellite Data: Data collected by the citizen science program is being used to validate 3D biological models of the Salish Sea, and to ground-truth satellite imagery with on-ground data. All data are available from the Strait of Georgia Data Centre.2 PIT Tag Studies One of the key questions addressed in our program has been, where and when is mortality occurring? To address this, we have carried out a large-scale PIT tagging program in the Cowichan River. Over 56,000 PIT tags have been applied from 2014-2017 to four different cohorts of wild and hatchery juvenile Chinook during the spring in freshwater (Cowichan River), early in their first summer of marine life (Cowichan Bay close to shore, and then as they move out to open waters of the bay) and later in the fall of their first year in Sansum Narrows. Since 2014, adult Chinook returning to the Cowichan River have been scanned for PIT tags using automated antennas and hand-held scanners. These data allow us to compare survival among the 4 different groups, and to compare survival between wild and hatchery fish, as well as the relationship between size, time of ocean entry, growth, residency and survival. Results to date suggest survival increases with distance from the estuary, and that wild fish have a consistently higher survival than hatchery conspecifics by a factor of approximately 3:1. An interesting finding was the still very low survival of fish caught in September-October of their first year at sea. These fish were captured and tagged by micro-trolling (using modified troll gear to capture small Chinook) around the Gulf Islands. This suggests that significant mortality occurs during the first winter and beyond. Thus, there is evidence that there may be two key critical periods, one at marine entry, and the second over the first winter at sea. PIT tag returns will be collected through to 2020, at which time results will be finalized.
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