War Lords of STUDENT GUIDE Introduction how to balance an accounting sheet Prepare to strap on your sword and to keep account of your wealth and don your silk and body armor. For the armies. You will also become acquaint- next few days you will return to the ed with Japanese religion, architec- times of ancient Japan. The ture, and social structure. year is 1247. No single ruler controls Ja- pan, and the coveted title of Shogun, You will be expected to do your part to or supreme military ruler, is yours if you bring honor, wealth, and territory to work hard enough to achieve it. your clan. The expectations are high, and your clan is depending on you to You and your teammates are members uphold the tradition of honor that has of one of the powerful samurai clans led your clan to this historic opportunity. during this unstable period. Your clan controls the province where your castle is located, but your ultimate goal is to control all of Japan.

Because the other clans share this same goal, the task will not be easy. There is no guarantee that any clan will gain total control. Luck will play only a small part in your success or failure. Working well together with your clan is most important. Planning carefully, do- ing assignments accurately, and show- ing honor and respect to your team- mates and teacher are the pathways to success in this simulation.

During WAR LORDS OF JAPAN you will discover the exciting history of this mys- terious nation. You will also learn Rules and Play

What is your objective? 5. You may also save rice you earn to You live in one of the six castles in WAR increase you castle’s wealth. LORDS OF JAPAN: 6. Of course, the more armies you § Hokkaido place on the map the more rice your § Sendai castle team can possibly earn by de- § feating neighboring armies in order to § Osaka control neighboring provinces’ rice. § Shikoku 7. Be cautious about purchasing more § Nagasaki armies than your castle can afford. Your castle will work to capture the other five castles on the GAME MAP. Of Moving Armies course, the other castles are trying to There are rules about moving armies. capture your castle too. If one castle 1. Moving one army from one province gains control of all the other castles then to another is one move that castle becomes Shogun. 2. You can not skip over a province to Understanding Rice get to another one. You must move 1. In samurai Japan rice was used as a through adjoining provinces. form of . One koku of rice was 3. If there is an enemy army in a prov- the amount necessary to feed a ince you are moving through, you peasant family for one year. must attack any army there. You can 2. Your clan will earn valuable rice for not “pass through” any occupied your achievements during this simula- province. tion. 4. Attacks occur whenever enemy ar- 3. Above all you must protect your mies meet in the same province. See province and its rice from nearby Attacking and defending below. castles. You must not allow your 5. Moves from one island to another peasants to starve or be captured by must be made only at the closest dis- your enemy. tance between the two islands. These 4. However setting up and maintaining movement routes are marked in armies is expensive. Rice is needed to three places on the map with bold // buy and support the armies you lines. place on the GAME MAP. For you to 6. Your castle can choose to not move place a new army on the map your any armies during a round, but you clan must pay 10 koku. Then to main- can not save up moves. After the tain this army it will cost another 10 round is over, all moves are gone. koku of rice each day it is on the 7. New armies can be placed in any map. (You must pay the salary even province your castle already controls on a day in that is within two moves of a castle which it is that you control. defeat- ed in battle.)

7. If you choose to retreat all of your ar- Controlling a Province mies are free to move to an adjacent 1. To control a province your castle province without any moves lost and must occupy the province with at no armies lost. least two armies. A castle may have 8. If the castle with fewer armies wishes only one army in a province, but it is to stand and fight it will lose. But it not enough to have control. The may choose to do this to weaken the peasants in the attacked province enemy’s armies. will not give up their rice unless at 9. During the battle armies are “killed least two armies are present. off” one for one. When armies are 2. Once you control a province you “killed” off their piece is removed control the amount of rice specified from the game board. The battle by the number on the GAME MAP. ends when only one castle has ar- However you must return one-half of mies left in the province. If there are the amount of rice to the province two armies then that castle controls villagers so that they will not starve. the province. (See accounting sheet and instruc- 10. If at the time of attack there are an tions) equal number of armies in the prov- 3. To control a province where a castle ince from each side, a leader battle is located you must keep at least two will be triggered where the Emperor armies there at all times. will test the knowledge of the two Attacking and Defending leaders. The leader who wins the 1. When two armies meet in a province, challenge keeps all of their own ar- an attack and a defense occur. mies while destroying all of the ene- 2. A castle can move its armies into a my’s! province that is occupied by armies Controlling a Castle of another castle, but remember that 1. When a castle loses control of their it can not pass through without an home province to another castle, attack and defense. then the defeated castle now works 3. An attack begins after an encroach- for the winner. ing castle has finished making its 2. The castle is taken over immediately moves into the occupied province. when its home province is controlled 4. The castle that controls the area that by 2 armies from another castle has been invaded is given the option 3. The conquered castle now must fol- of either fighting or retreating. low the instructions of the conquering 5. You may have your armies retreat if castle in buying armies, moving ar- an empty province is next to the mies, and attacking. province where you are being at- 4. The conquering clan may give koku tacked. You can retreat into a prov- of rice to the defeated castle so they ince you control. You may not retreat may buy armies. into a province that is occupied by 5. The conquered castle can still make armies of another castle. plans, but the conquering castle must 6. If you retreat during a round, you will approve the army move plans before have to stand and fight if you are at- they are done. tacked again in that round. Above all 6. The best hope a conquered castle you do not want to experience dis- has is to help their conqueror defeat honor, shame, and loss of face. all others and become shogun! As mentioned in the introduction, you makes the final deci- are part of a samurai clan living in a cas- sion. The final power tle in feudal Japan. You can find the and responsibility are castle names and locations on the final yours alone. page of this guide. 3. Once your plan is complete on paper Playing several roles you will use it to move You will play several roles in this simula- your armies when it is tion. We will switch roles daily, so you will your turn. have to fulfill each role’s responsibility 4. It is your decision to more than once. Therefore, in order for stand and fight if an your castle to succeed, all of your castle opposing army attacks you, or if members must understand and carry out you will retreat. ALL directions found in this packet. Study these pages several times until you thor- Assistant Leader oughly understand everything written here. You have some basic responsibilities: 1. Help your leader carry out leadership The roles responsibilities. There are five 2. If the leader is missing, you will cover roles to fill for this all of the leader’s responsibilities. simulation. Some 3. Learn the strategies of the clan so days you take the that you will be able to carry them lead, and others forward when it is your turn to be you assist and leader the next day. learn. It is im- 4. Make sure that everything that is portant that roles turned in is done so in an orderly way. are filled accu- Make sure people have names and rately and that castle names on all their work. everyone works for the good of the group. Accountant

Your responsibility is to fill out the castle's Leader ACCOUNTING SHEET neatly and accu- rately. Neatness and accuracy will result You have some basic responsibilities in more moves on the game board. Mis- 1. On the day you are leader you make takes will cost you moves. sure that everyone in your castle team is on task and getting their work Here is how you fill out the ACCOUNTING complete. If people are having trou- SHEET: ble staying on task inform the teacher Beginning Assets if they will not respond to you. 1. The total amount of rice left from the 2. You will need to make decisions previous day. about moving armies on the game 2. Total remaining armies from the previ- map. Others may give you sugges- ous day. tions, but you are the leader that 3. The Emperor will award you moves based on your castles performance pear then those of another castle from the day before. may move in to occupy an unde- Income fended province. 1. This income comes from doing well Ending Assets on your daily work and behavior in 1. Add or subtract the amount shown in class. The castle clan stands or falls the castles’ Gain or Loss from the together. The Emperor will award ad- amount shown as your beginning bal- ditional rice each day to each clan. ance at the top. 2. Your castle also earns the amount of 2. Warrior Army Record: This is self ex- koku listed for each province on the planatory. Make sure your infor- GAME MAP that has at least 2 of your mation is accurate. armies on it. 3. Any moves not used on the day they 3. You can earn or lose are awarded are lost. You can not koku of rice based on save them up. fortune as well Expenses for the day Auditor 1. Multiply the number of armies your leader has purchased Your job is to work with by 10 (new armies) the accountant and 2. Multiply the number of armies you make sure that every- control by 10 (maintain existing ar- thing is added up cor- mies) rectly. The account- 3. Everyday you will pay 25 koku of rice ant’s job can get confusing. You to the Emperor to show respect. need to learn that job so you can 4. Even though the villagers in a con- do it tomorrow. Keep the account- quered province are essentially like ant accurate, that way you will get slaves, you must feed them so they more moves! continue to produce rice. Therefore deduct one half of your award listed Writer as income from each conquered province. If you earn 100 Koku from a You are the official province if you control it, pay 50 as historian of your an expense to feed the people. (Your clan. castle province is exempt from this 1. You tally the re- deduction) sults of quizzes 5. List any koku you lose because of and activities. bad fortune. 2. If there is any Castle’s Gain or Loss group work you 1. Your castle expenses may possibly be are the one greater than your castle income. If who is the re- this situation occurs, the emperor will corder and the remove armies for each 10 koku you one who turns in are in debt. the final copy. 2. Such removal will start in the province 3. You keep track of what everyone’s that is most distant from your home. role is each day. Make sure the rota- Of course when your armies disap- tion is set up properly.