RESEARCH ARTICLE Cross-continental phylogeography of two Holarctic Nymphalid butterflies, Boloria eunomia and Boloria selene 1,2 3 4 5 Jana MaresovaID *, Jan Christian Habel , Gabriel NeveID , Marcin SielezniewID , Alena Bartonova1,2, Agata Kostro-Ambroziak5, Zdenek Faltynek Fric1 1 Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic, 2 University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic, 3 Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische UniversitaÈt MuÈnchen, Freising, Germany, 4 IMBE, Aix Marseille a1111111111 UniversiteÂ, CNRS, IRD, Avignon UniversiteÂ, Marseille, France, 5 Laboratory of Insect Evolutionary Biology a1111111111 and Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Biaøystok, Biaøystok, Poland a1111111111 a1111111111 *
[email protected] a1111111111 Abstract Pleistocene glaciations had significant effects on the distribution and evolution of species OPEN ACCESS inhabiting the Holarctic region. Phylogeographic studies concerning the entire region are Citation: Maresova J, Habel JC, Neve G, Sielezniew still rare. Here, we compared global phylogeographic patterns of one boreo-montane and M, Bartonova A, Kostro-Ambroziak A, et al. (2019) one boreo-temperate butterflies with largely overlapping distribution ranges across the Cross-continental phylogeography of two Holarctic Nymphalid butterflies, Boloria eunomia and Boloria Northern Hemisphere, but with different levels of range fragmentation and food specializa- selene. PLoS ONE 14(3): e0214483. https://doi. tion. We reconstructed the global phylogeographic history of the boreo-montane specialist org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214483 Boloria eunomia (n = 223) and of the boreo-temperate generalist Boloria selene (n = 106) Editor: èukasz Kajtoch, Institute of Systematics based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers, and with species distribution modelling and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of (SDM).