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St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed Draft St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Surface Water Improvement and Management Plan July 2017 St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan Northwest Florida Water Management District July 7, 2017 DRAFT NORTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT GOVERNING BOARD George Roberts Jerry Pate John Alter Chair, Panama City Vice Chair, Pensacola Secretary-Treasurer, Malone Gus Andrews Jon Costello Marc Dunbar DeFuniak Springs Tallahassee Tallahassee Ted Everett Nick Patronis Bo Spring Chipley Panama City Beach Port St. Joe Brett J. Cyphers Executive Director Headquarters 81 Water Management Drive Havana, Florida 32333-4712 (850) 539-5999 Crestview Econfina Milton Tallahassee 180 E. Redstone Avenue 6418 E. Highway 20 5453 Davisson Road Carr Building, Suite 225 Crestview, Florida 32539 Youngstown, FL 32466 Milton, FL 32583 3800 Commonwealth Blvd. (850) 683-5044 (850) 722-9919 Tel. (850) 626-3101 Tallahassee, FL 32399 (850) 921-2986 St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan Northwest Florida Water Management District July 7, 2017 DRAFT This document was developed in support of the Surface Water Improvement and Management Program with funding assistance from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation’s Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund. St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan Northwest Florida Water Management District July 7, 2017 DRAFT Table of Contents Section Page 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 SWIM Program Background, Goals, and Objectives .......................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose and Scope ............................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Watershed Description .............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Geographic and Geological Characteristics ........................................................................ 4 2.2 Hydrologic Characteristics .................................................................................................. 8 2.2.1 Major Streams and Tributaries ........................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Lakes .................................................................................................................. 8 2.2.3 Springs and Karst Features .............................................................................. 11 2.2.4 Palustrine, Riparian, and Floodplain Habitats ................................................. 13 2.2.5 Coastal Waterbodies ........................................................................................ 13 2.3 Land Use and Population .................................................................................................. 15 2.4 Natural Communities ........................................................................................................ 16 3.0 Watershed Assessment and Water Resource Issues ................................................................ 21 3.1 Water Quality .................................................................................................................... 21 3.1.1 Impaired Waters ............................................................................................... 21 3.1.2 Pollution Sources ............................................................................................. 25 3.2 Natural Systems ................................................................................................................. 31 3.3 Floodplains and Floodplain Management ......................................................................... 31 4.0 Watershed Protection and Restoration .................................................................................... 33 4.1 Management Practices ....................................................................................................... 33 4.1.1 Nonpoint Source Pollution Abatement ............................................................ 33 4.1.2 Wastewater Management and Treatment Improvements ................................. 37 4.1.3 Ecological Restoration ..................................................................................... 38 4.1.4 Land Conservation ........................................................................................... 39 4.1.5 Public Awareness and Education ..................................................................... 40 4.1.6 Needs and Recommendations for Further Analysis ......................................... 40 4.2 Implementation .................................................................................................................. 41 4.3 Priority Projects ................................................................................................................. 44 5.0 References ............................................................................................................................... 70 List of Tables Table Page Table 2-1 2012-2013 Land Use and Land Cover ..................................................................................... 15 Table 2-2 Watershed Population Estimates: 2010-2030 ......................................................................... 16 Table 3-1 TMDLs Adopted by the FDEP ................................................................................................ 24 Table 3-2 Domestic Wastewater Facilities .............................................................................................. 28 Table 4-1 Generalized Buffer Zone Dimensions ..................................................................................... 36 Table 4-2 SWIM Program Priorities, Objectives, and Management Options for the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed ....................................................................................................... 41 Table 4-3 Recommended Projects: St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan ........................... 44 Table 4-4 Funding Sources and Eligibility .............................................................................................. 64 Table A-1 2009 SWIM Plan Objectives and General Strategies ............................................................ A-1 Table A-2 Project Implementation ......................................................................................................... A-2 i St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan Northwest Florida Water Management District July 7, 2017 DRAFT List of Figures Figure Page Figure 2-1 Proportion of the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed by State and Florida Counties ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 2-2 Features of the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed ............................................... 5 Figure 2-3 Wakulla Spring Groundwater Contribution Area ...................................................................... 7 Figure 3-1 Listed Impaired Waterbody Segments, Excepting Mercury ................................................... 22 Figure 3-2 Non-Mercury TMDLs ............................................................................................................. 23 Figure 3-3 Nitrate Concentrations at Wakulla Spring: 1997 – 2016. ....................................................... 25 Figure 3-4 Known and Likely Septic System Locations in the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed ................................................................................................................................ 27 Figure 3-5 Permitted Wastewater Facilities within the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed . 30 Appendices Appendix Page Appendix A Implementation and Achievements of the Previous SWIM Plan ....................................... A-1 Appendix B Related Resource Management Activities ......................................................................... B-1 Appendix C Geology and Soils in the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed ........................ C-1 Appendix D Threatened and Endangered Species within the Watershed ............................................... D-1 Appendix E Habitats and Natural Communities .................................................................................... E-1 Appendix F 2014 FDEP Verified Impaired Waterbody Segments in the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed .................................................................................................. F-1 Appendix G Conservation Lands within the St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay Watershed .............. G-1 ii St. Marks River and Apalachee Bay SWIM Plan Northwest Florida Water Management District July 7, 2017 DRAFT Abbreviations and Acronyms List ARPC Apalachee Regional Planning Council NRCS Natural Resources Conservation AWT Advanced Wastewater Treatment NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric BMAP Basin Management Action Plan Administration BMP best management practice NPDES National Pollutant Discharge cfs cubic feet per second Elimination System CWA Clean Water Act NRDA Natural Resource Damage Assessment DO dissolved oxygen NWFWMD Northwest Florida Water Management EPA U.S. Environmental Protection District Agency NWS National Weather Service EPD Georgia Environmental Protection NWR National Wildlife Refuge Department OFWs Outstanding Florida Waters ERP Environmental
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