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General Management Plan Amendment / Draft Environmental Point Reyes National Seashore U.S. Department of the Interior North District of Golden Gate National Recreation Area National Park Service GENERAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AMENDMENT DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT AUGUST 2019 NPS cost associated with developing this EIS: $955,000 US DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE GENERAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AMENDMENT DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Lead Agency: National Park Service This draft environmental impact statement (EIS) for a general management plan amendment (GMP Amendment) for Point Reyes National Seashore and the north district of Golden Gate National Recreation Area was prepared for the National Park Service (NPS) to update management guidance for more than 28,000 acres of national park system lands, including all lands currently leased for beef and dairy ranching. The purpose of the EIS is to establish guidance for the preservation of natural and cultural resources and the management of infrastructure and visitor use in the planning area. In this context, the EIS will address the future management of leased ranch lands and tule elk in the planning area. This draft EIS presents six alternatives. These alternatives address the preservation of natural and cultural resources, the management of infrastructure and visitor use, as well as the future management of leased ranch lands and tule elk in the planning area. The draft EIS analyzes the beneficial and adverse impacts on the human environment (i.e., physical, natural, cultural, and socioeconomic resources) that would result from implementing any of the alternatives considered. NPS has identified alternative B as the preferred alternative in this draft EIS. Upon conclusion of the EIS and decision-making process, one of the alternatives, or a combination of alternative elements will be selected for implementation and will update guidance for preserving natural and cultural resources, managing infrastructure and visitor use, and, as appropriate, directing specific strategies for managing lease/permits and tule elk for lands in the planning area. The review period for this document will end 45 days after publication of the US Environmental Protection Agency Notice of Availability in the Federal Register. Comments will be accepted during the comment period through the NPS Planning, Environment, and Public Comment website at http://parkplanning.nps.gov/POREGMPA or in hard copy delivered by the US Postal Service or other mail delivery service or hand-delivered to the address below. Comments will not be accepted by fax, email, or in any other way than those specified above. Bulk comments in any format (hard copy or electronic) submitted on behalf of others will not be accepted. Before including your address, telephone number, electronic mail address, or other personal identifying information in your comments, you should be aware that your entire comment (including your personal identifying information) may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comments to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. For more information, visit http://parkplanning.nps.gov/POREGMPA. Point Reyes GMP Amendment EIS Superintendent Point Reyes National Seashore 1 Bear Valley Road Point Reyes Station, CA 94956 Phone: (415) 464-5100 This page intentionally left blank. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This draft environmental impact statement (EIS) for a general management plan amendment (GMP Amendment) for Point Reyes National Seashore (Point Reyes) and the north district of Golden Gate National Recreation Area (north district of Golden Gate) (collectively referred to as the park) presents six alternatives for establishing updated management guidance for more than 28,000 acres of National Park Service (NPS) lands, including all lands currently leased for beef and dairy ranching. These alternatives address the preservation of natural and cultural resources, the management of infrastructure and visitor use, as well as the future management of leased ranch lands and tule elk in the planning area. The draft EIS analyzes the beneficial and adverse impacts on the human environment (i.e., physical, natural, cultural, and socioeconomic resources) that would result from implementing any of the alternatives considered. Upon conclusion of the EIS and decision-making process, one of the alternatives, or a combination of alternative elements will be selected for implementation and will update guidance for preserving natural and cultural resources, managing infrastructure and visitor use, and, as appropriate, directing specific strategies for managing lease/permits and tule elk for lands in the planning area. BACKGROUND AND ISSUES RELATED TO THE PROJECT Congress passed legislation authorizing the establishment of Point Reyes National Seashore in 1962 and Golden Gate National Recreation Area in 1972. In 1978, Congress enacted legislation for both Point Reyes and Golden Gate providing standardized language for the leasing of land for agricultural purposes (16 United States Code [U.S.C.] §§ 459c-5(a) and (b) and 460bb-2(j)). These amendments allow NPS to lease agricultural lands subject to any restrictive covenants deemed necessary and directed NPS to first offer such leases to the person who owned or leased the land prior to its acquisition by the United States. NPS uses these statutory authorities to issue agricultural lease/special use permits (lease/permits) for ongoing traditional ranching and dairying operations when a rancher’s reserved right expires. In 1980, NPS issued a combined general management plan for Point Reyes and Golden Gate (1980 GMP). The 1980 GMP established management objectives, land management zones, and additional program guidance and direction. Within the land management zoning framework, the 1980 GMP included a pastoral zone that was established to permit the continued use of existing ranchlands for ranching and dairying purposes. In 2014, NPS completed an updated GMP for Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Muir Woods National Monument. However, most of that plan did not address management of the north district of Golden Gate that is included in this planning area and had previously been addressed in the 1980 GMP. Today, 24 families hold lease/permits or Reservations of Use and Occupancy on approximately 18,000 acres of Point Reyes and 10,000 acres of the north district of Golden Gate. Approximately 2,400 animal units of livestock for beef ranching and 3,315 dairy animals are currently permitted. Eighteen lease/permits include residential uses specific to on-site ranch operations. Most active beef and dairy cattle operations occur in the Point Reyes Peninsula Dairy Ranches Historic District and the Olema Valley Dairy Ranches Historic District, which are both listed in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register). Two separate free-ranging tule elk herds occur within the planning area—Drakes Beach herd and the Limantour herd. Tule elk, the smallest subspecies of North American elk, live only in California. Tule elk were extirpated from Point Reyes by the 1860s. Consistent with Congressional direction, 10 tule elk were successfully reintroduced to a 2,600-acre fenced wilderness reserve on Tomales Point in 1978. The 1998 Tule Elk Management Plan/Environmental Assessment established a free-ranging herd near Limantour Beach beginning with 28 animals in 1999 with an interim management limit of 250 to 350 elk and did not contemplate the expansion of tule elk into the ranchlands. At the end of 2018, the Drakes Beach herd consisted of an estimated 124 total animals and the Limantour herd consisted of an estimated 174 total animals (NPS, Press, pers. comm. 2019c). i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As a result of litigation and a multi-party Settlement Agreement, NPS agreed to prepare this GMP Amendment and EIS addressing the management of the lands currently leased for ranching in the park. The Settlement Agreement requires NPS to evaluate three alternatives in the EIS—no ranching, no dairy ranching, and reduced ranching. The Settlement Agreement preserves NPS’s ability to give full consideration to other potential action alternatives. It also allows NPS to consider agricultural diversification, increased operational flexibility, promotion of sustainable operational practices, succession planning, and similar ranch management practices as part of any action alternative except the no ranching alternative. PURPOSE AND NEED FOR TAKING ACTION The purpose of the EIS is to establish guidance for the preservation of natural and cultural resources and the management of infrastructure and visitor use in the planning area. In this context, the EIS addresses the future management of tule elk and leased ranch lands in the planning area. Action is needed at this time to address the management of approximately 28,000 acres of land currently leased for ranching, which is the park’s highest priority planning issue. Action is also needed to comply with the terms of the Settlement Agreement approved by the US District Court for the Northern District of California on July 14, 2017, under which NPS agreed to prepare a GMP Amendment addressing the management of lands currently leased for ranching. DECISIONS TO BE MADE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT This EIS includes both programmatic and site-specific analyses given the broad range of planning and environmental issues that must be considered as the result of the Settlement Agreement. Decisions regarding the
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