Urban Municipal Solid Waste Management Action Plan for State of Uttarakhand
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1 - V JAN URBAN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN FOR STATE OF UTTARAKHAND 0 Urban Development Directorate Dehradun August 2017 Draft Final Revised Report 1 FOREWORD 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3 Vision Statement The vision for Swachh Uttarakhand in line with the Swachh Bharat Mission is to ensure hygienic, clean and litter free environment across the state, where waste is treated as a resource, managed scientifically in an environmentally sustainable manner and zero Waste reaches landfills by 2040. This vision can be accomplished by guiding all ULBs towards Sustainable Solid Waste Management as per SWM Rules 2016 by adopting suitable measures for waste minimisation at source with an emphasis on the principles of 5Rs, comprising Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover and Rethink; with proper systems of segregation, collection, transportation, processing, treatment and disposal in complete harmony with the environment and in line with prevalent regulations. 4 Contents 1 Executive Summary: ............................................................................................. 11 2 Objectives: ............................................................................................................ 16 3 Introduction: ........................................................................................................ 18 4 Current Status of Solid Waste Management: ...................................................... 19 4.1 Estimate Future Population and Waste Generation Quantities: .................. 22 4.2 Waste Assessment and Audit: ....................................................................... 30 4.2.1 Quantification and Chemical Characterization Study of Municipal Solid Wastes in 28 Program ULBs of UUSDIP ................................................................ 31 4.2.2 Behaviour in Handling and Disposal of Solid Waste Management in 31 ULBs under UUSDIP .............................................................................................. 36 4.3 Geographical Conditions, Land Availability Status in ULBs: .......................... 41 4.4 Resource Availability and Limitation with ULBs: ........................................... 50 4.5 Summarized Existing SWM Practices and Key Constraints: .......................... 50 5 Proposed Action Plan and Strategy to overcome the SWM Challenges: ............. 51 5.1 Strategy # Zero Waste by 2040: .................................................................... 55 5.2 Strategy # Arrange for door to door collection of segregated solid waste from all households and all other establishments ................................................... 56 5.3 Strategy # Establish a system for segregated transportation of waste....... 56 5.4 Strategy # Establish a system for inclusion of informal sector and their integration in waste management practices as per SWM Rules 2016. ................... 56 5.5 Strategy # Promote decentralized waste management ................................ 57 5.6 Strategy # Diversion of Construction & Demolition Debris Wastes: ............. 57 5.7 Strategy # Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR): ..................................... 60 5.8 Strategy # Selection of Processing and Disposal Technology ....................... 60 5.9 Strategy # Major Festival Seasons and Tourism inflow: ................................ 63 5.10 Strategy # ULB Clustering for disposal ....................................................... 64 5.11 Strategy # Use of modern and mechanized collection system (Underground bin Concept) ..................................................................................... 68 5.12 Strategy # Storage and Collection of Domestic Hazardous Waste ............ 76 5.13 Strategy # Phase wise Plan of SWM program implementation: ............... 76 5.14 Strategy Services of Consultant: ................................................................ 84 5.15 Strategy # Determining Role and Responsibility of Stake Holders: ........... 85 5 5.16 Strategy # Capacity Building of ULB, Community Education and outreach plan: 87 5.17 Strategy # Fund Allocation: ........................................................................ 90 5.18 Strategy # Determining of User Fee: ......................................................... 90 5.19 Strategy # Reward and Award: .................................................................. 91 5.20 Strategy # Promotion of Compost ............................................................. 95 5.21 Strategy # Waste Management during an event and mass gathering ..... 95 5.22 Strategy # Bio-remediation/Capping and closure of old dumpsites ......... 95 5.23 Strategy # State Level Advisory Body in compliance to SWM Rules, 2016 95 5.24 Strategy # Integrated In-house mechanism of handling sewerage and waste: 95 5.25 Strategy # Tipping fee applicable only on the processed MSW: ............... 96 5.26 Strategy # Cluster Unit Model – 3 Staged Operation: ............................... 96 6. Aftermath of the implementation of Proposed Action Plan: .............................. 99 7. Good Practices Initiated by the State towards SWM Compliance and in line with the proposed Action Plan: .......................................................................................... 101 8 Way Forward: ..................................................................................................... 103 9 Bibliography ....................................................................................................... 104 6 7 List of Tables Table 1-1 Implementation Schedule ............................................................................ 14 Table 1-2 Project Description ....................................................................................... 15 Table 1-3 Project Compliance Achievement ................................................................ 15 Table 4-1 Approved Projects under JnNURM .............................................................. 19 Table 4-2 Approved JnNURM Project‘s Current Status & SBM funding ...................... 19 Table 4-3 Approved SPA Projects ................................................................................. 21 Table 4-4ULBs Existing and Projected Population/ MSW Status ................................. 22 Table 4-5 Gap Analysis (Facts based) Existing and Future ........................................... 27 Table 4-6 Physical Characterization of the MSW ......................................................... 31 Table 4-7 Chemical Characteristics of MSW ................................................................ 33 Table 4-8 Chemical Properties of MSW ....................................................................... 34 Table 4-9 Proximate Analysis of MSW ......................................................................... 36 Table 4-10 Existing Status of ULBs on bye-laws for user charges ................................ 38 Table 4-11 Status of Land identified for MSW Project Implementation ..................... 43 Table 5-1 Characteristics of C&D waste in India .......................................................... 57 Table 5-2 Underground bins technical specs ............................................................... 73 Table 5-3 Project Under Phase – I ............................................................................... 77 Table 5-4 Project Under Phase – II ............................................................................... 78 Table 5-5 Phase II Projects, Under Integrated Approach ............................................. 81 Table 5-6 Projects under Phase – III ............................................................................. 84 Table 5-7 Baseline service level benchmarks developed by MoUD............................ 92 8 List of Figures Figure 4-1 State Solid Waste Generation Trend .............................................................. 28 Figure 4-2 Per capita waste generation rate ................................................................... 29 Figure 4-3 Physical Characterization of the MSW ........................................................... 31 Figure 4-4 Waste Characterisation in percentage ........................................................... 32 Figure 4-5 Land Gap (Requirement vs Existing) ............................................................... 49 Figure 5-1 Principle of 5R’s ............................................................................................. 54 Figure 5-2 Integrated Waste Management Hierarchy .................................................... 54 Figure 5-3 Existing Conditions of Waste Storage Depots ................................................ 71 Figure 5-4 Loading and Unloading Mechanism of Semi underground bins .................... 74 Figure 5-5 Semi Underground Bins Components ............................................................ 75 Figure 5-6 Cluster Units 3 Staged Model ......................................................................... 98 Figure 6-1 Waste Management Trend after project completion .................................. 100 9 Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank BOT Build Operate Transfer BOOT Build Own Operate Transfer CPF Community Participation Fund CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization CnT/ C&T Collection and Transportation CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CDM Clean Development Mechanism DEA Department of Economic Affairs (India) D-2-D Door to Door Collection of Waste DPR Detailed Project Report DSCR Debt Service