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NUEVAS CITAS DE TINOCALLIS TAKACHIHONESIS (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) EN LA ESPAÑA PENINSULAR E ISLAS BALEARES* Nicolás Pérez Hida

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NUEVAS CITAS DE TINOCALLIS TAKACHIHONESIS (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) EN LA ESPAÑA PENINSULAR E ISLAS BALEARES* Nicolás Pérez Hida Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.), nº 53 (31/12/2013): 323–326. NP H O R O N : Foro S.E.A. sobre artrópodos exóticos invasoresN NUEVAS CITAS DE TINOCALLIS TAKACHIHONESIS (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) EN LA ESPAÑA PENINSULAR E ISLAS BALEARES* Nicolás Pérez Hidalgo1, Iñigo Sánchez2 & Ángel Umaran3 1Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Universidad de León. 24071. León (España) [[email protected] / (+34) 987 291513 / fax: (+34) 987291855] 2Zoobotánico de Jerez, c/ Taxdirt s/n. 11407 Jerez de la Frontera [[email protected] / (+34) 956306904] 3Asociación “Fotografía y Biodiversidad”, Torrejón de Ardoz. 28850 Madrid, España [[email protected]] *Trabajo elaborado en el contexto del proyecto Fauna Ibérica IX (CGL2007-66786-C08-03). Resumen: Se actualiza la distribución en España del pulgón oriental Tinocallis takachihoensis, que desde su primera cita en Euro- pa en 1984 ha alcanzado ya varios países circunmediterráneos, las Islas Británicas y Centroeuropa. La entrada en la Península por Andorra (1997) y las citas septentrionales de España, junto con las del occidente de Andalucía, las de la Comunidad Valenciana y las del centro peninsular, permiten confirmar su presencia en casi toda la península Ibérica, viviendo sobre varias especies de Ulmus, aunque aún no se ha citado de Portugal. Palabras clave: Hemiptera, Aphididae, Tinocallis takachihoensis, Ulmus sp., especies invasoras, España. New records of Tinocallis takachihonesis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from peninsular Spain and the Balearic Islands Abstract: The distribution in Spain f the oriental aphid, Tinocallis takachihoensis, is updated. Since its first record in Europe (in 1984), the aphid has already reached several countries around the Mediterranean Sea, the British Isles, and Central Europe. Its en- try into the Iberian Peninsula from Andorra (1997), the records from northern Spain and those from western Andalusia, the Valencia administrative region and central Spain confirm its presence in most of the Iberian Peninsula, living on several species of Ulmus, al- though T. takachihoensis has not yet been recorded from Portugal. Key words: Hemiptera, Aphididae, Tinocallis takachihoensis, Ulmus sp., alien species, Spain. El género Tinocallis Matsumara, 1919 agrupa a 18 especies, Jacq., Ulmus glabra Huds., Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr, y la mayoría de las cuales se distribuye por el oriente de la Ulmus macrocarpa Hance (Blackman & Eastop, 1994; Qued- región paleártica (Blackman & Eastop, 2013). En la península nau & Shaposhnikov, 1988), mientras en Europa se han adap- ibérica se han citado cinco especies: T. platani (Kaltenbach), tado a vivir tanto en especies nativas (Ulmus minor Mill., T. saltans (Nevsky), T. kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy), T. taka- Ulmus glabra Huds.), como introducidas (Ulmus pumila L.). chihonesis Higuchi y T. ulmiparvifoliae Matsumura, de las Leclant & Renoust (1986) sugieren que fue introducido cuales las cuatro últimas son originarias del sudeste asiático con las especies japonesas de ulmáceas en los programas de (Nieto Nafría & Mier Durante, 1998; Pérez Hidalgo & Nieto mejora genética del olmo desarrolladas contra la grafiosis, Nafría, 2005). pero en la actualidad es relativamente frecuente encontrarlo Tinocallis takachihoensis Higuchi, 1972 (Calaphidinae: en bonsáis de ulmáceas procedentes del sudeste asiático (ver Panaphidini), es un pulgón monoico holocíclico de origen Roques & Auger-Rozenberg, 2006 y DEFRA, 2007). Su asiático cuyas colonias están formadas por ninfas (fig. 1B) y presencia en Europa desde hace ya más de 20 años, su rápida hembras vivíparas siempre aladas (fig. 1A). Son pulgones de y fácil adaptación a nuestro clima y vegetación y la constante tamaño medio (1,5-2,0 mm) que se distinguen por presentar llegada de nuevas poblaciones hace suponer que su distribu- una coloración muy característica: cabeza, primer y segundo ción ha de ser por fuerza mayor de la que actualmente se antenómeros y tórax de color negro brillante y abdomen de conoce. color amarillo limón. Las alas tienen las venas orladas y pre- Se distribuye de forma natural por Japón, China y Sibe- senta una mancha alar muy característica en la vena anal (fig. ria Oriental (Patti & Barbagallo, 1998), y fue detectado por 1A). El tercer par de patas tiene la parte distal del fémur y la vez primera en Europa en el sur de Francia (1984) en trampas basal de la tibia negros. En el mesonoto presentan un par de de succión y también sobre Ulmus sp. (Leclant & Renoust, tubérculos espinales prominentes, claramente mayores que el 1986) y en Estados Unidos en 1996 (Foottit et al., 2006). Con par del pronoto, y un par de tubérculos espinales en los uritos posterioridad, ha ido citándose en otros países circunmedi- I y II, sobre los que se localiza una seta apical. Los cornículos terráneos (Italia peninsular y Sicilia, Andorra, España, Malta, son troncocónicos sin setas, la cola en botón y la placa anal es Turquía y Argelia), en Alemania y en Inglaterra (Patti & bilobada. El antenómero III porta 14 a 24 sensorios secunda- Barbagallo, 1997, Mier Durante & Pérez Hidalgo, 2002; rios alineados y ensanchados transversalmente (Blackman & Döering, 2007; Mifsud et al., 2009; Görur et al., 2011; Laa- Eastop, 1994) y el filamento terminal del último antenómero mari et al., 2013; ver también Tabla I). es ligeramente mayor que la base. En la península Ibérica, desde su detección en Andorra En su área de distribución original se desarrolla sobre en 1997 (Mier Durante & Pérez Hidalgo, 2002), T. takachi- Ulmus japonica (Sarg. ex Rehder) Sarg., Ulmus parvifolia hoensis parece haberse expandido con rapidez sobre los ol- 323 mos nativos (Ulmus minor y, en menor medida, U. glabra) y LECLANT F. & M. RENOUST 1986. Le puceron du Lagerstroemia, los exóticos empleados en jardinería (López Lillo et al., nouveau ravageur pour notre flore. Phytoma, Déf. Cult., 375: 2000). Además de las citas del norte de España (Tabla I), se 49-50. ha localizado ya en Andalucía occidental (Cádiz y Sevilla), en LÓPEZ LILLO, A., M.M. TRIGO PÉREZ, X. ARGIMON DE VILADARGA & las provincias de Castellón, Madrid y Segovia, y en las Islas J.M. SÁNCHEZ DE LORENZO CÁCERES 2000. Flora Ornamental Española, Tomo II. Junta de Andalucía. Ediciones Mundi- Baleares (Tabla I), por lo que podemos concluir que ocupa Prensa. Sevilla. 667 pp. toda la península, incluso Portugal, donde no se ha citado aún. LUMBIERRES, B., X. PONS & P. STARÝ 2004. Parasitoids and preda- Las muestras que se corresponden con las nuevas citas en tors of aphids associated with public green areas of Lleida España están depositadas en la Colección de Afidología del (NE Iberian Peninsula). Advances in Horticultural Science, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental de la 19(2): 69-75. Universidad de León. MIER DURANTE, M.P. & N. PÉREZ HIDALGO 2002. Dos especies de Las colonias de esta especie suelen ser abundantes en Panaphidini (Hemiptera, Aphididae: Calaphidinae), propias mayo y junio en los olmos campestres y producen gran canti- de árboles ornamentales, introducidas en la Península Ibérica. dad de melaza, lo cual favorece que sobre las hojas se des- Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomología, [1999], 6: arrolle fumagina que impide la transpiración. Por lo tanto, la 213-219. presencia de T. takachihoensis podría estar ayudando, junto MIFSUD, D., N. PÉREZ HIDALGO & S. BARBAGALLO 2009. Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) associated with native trees in Malta con la actividad de otras especies de artrópodos, al declive de (Central Mediterranean). Bulletin of the Entomological Socie- los olmos nativos en nuestros territorios. ty of Malta, 2: 81-93. NIETO NAFRÍA, J.M. & M.P. MIER DURANTE 1998. Hemiptera, Ap- Agradecimiento hididae I. En: Fauna Ibérica, vol. 11. Ramos, M.A. et al. (Eds.) Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. CSIC. Madrid. Los autores agradecen la recogida de muestras de áfidos realizada 424 pp. por el “Grup de Biodiversitat de s’Albufera” (TAIB) encabezado por PATTI, I. & S. BARBAGALLO 1997. Recenti acquisizioni faunistiche Nick Riddiford y el trabajo realizado por la Asociación Fotografía y sugli Afidi della Sicilia. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Entomo- Biodiversidad que gestiona la web de Biodiversidad Virtual logia Agraria – Portici “Filippo Silvestri”, 53: 29-84. (http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/). PATTI, I. & S. BARBAGALLO 1998. Gli afidi del genere Tinocallis dannosi agli olmi in Italia. Informatore Fitopatologico, 12: 21-30. Referencias PÉREZ A. (2012). Tinocallis (Sappocallis) takachihoensis Higuchi. BARBAGALLO, S. 2004. Reperti faunistici sugli Afidi (Homoptera, Cita de Castellón. Fotografía hospedada en BiodiversidadVir- Aphidoidea) delterritorio calabro-lucano (Italia meridionale). tual.org [Base de datos en línea]. Disponible en: Bollettino di Zoología agraria e di Bachicoltura, Ser. II, http://www.biodiversidadvirtual.org/insectarium/Tinocallis- 36(1): 1-88. takachihoensis.-img351358.html [Con acceso el 27-IX-2013]. BARBAGALLO, S. & I. PATTI 1998. Acquisizioni bio-ecologiche sugli PÉREZ HIDALGO, N. & J.M. NIETO NAFRÍA 2005. Tinocallis ulmipar- afidi (Homoptera Aphidoidea) del territorio Centro-Orientale vifoliae Matsumura, 1919 (Hemiptera: Aphididae, Calaphidi- Italiano. Bollettino di Zoología agraria e di Bachicoltura, Ser. nae): una nueva especie de pulgón introducida en la Península II, 30(2): 223-310. Ibérica. Boletín de la Asociación española de Entomología, BARBAGALLO, S. & C. RICCI 2006. Risultati di una indagine faunisti- 29(1-2): 125-127. ca sugli afidi del territorio umbro-marchigiano (Italia centro- QUEDNAU
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