P ARIPEX -INDIANJOURN stagnation) p once W b T personal of accommodated. i schools. ther admitted No pupil has teacher e A THE administr i schools. the an meant ar Go Mandal entr other education P bodies, both thr oppor tr ar education pr futur India educational P s impor India, cultur educational A signif E INTR www n n Dr t ar xpr he pr y r d ro s ying d r astag eas e o i

d a

e w-a-da ough u v integr m the m ishads ha vided n g m tr n e i c er usted task par a e essed ABSTRACT TEA s .A.Jy a u r a i g a in eated .w r icant

personnel ODUCTION a al w e n tance invie p education is tunity r an nment t atio gr m imar to t f of child pr ny i school. distr in w Pr y s or

i h hen e o ticular e or

r matur P s – s mor

estab eat b e no hen Automaticall n ur al T ob cope attention CHERS and of n ar t imar our ation

d ys e India ld into n pr pupil r a e hus, in is is r a b to s d al a y educationofChittoordistr and

par ishads l their e lems ict as r s w the widejour y a

system e and alter o school. is of e u 1:30 t i in signif v the othi* g

w

pr n ag a i xpansion viding b our e Stagnation as them. c e been emplo ation. y 8 o lishing t u

d admitted d e le a up in specif has under the t a concur l h 0 ar n educational imar l encies education m is local dominant i e r of t 1 ar f a v

a w v subject. at pupils atio . i nati or If w Andhr she – of ser e

r o w ofitsabilityandpossibilitytoshape el, p i i with n pr ell e icance to n in l PUPIL d dependent the A a hich the been n schools the e y

eng

the

is i w eng u

n y ying

n s imar ci r . ious

In his

it v t icall Its

Andhr nals.com a astag t

i taking y does d as T h sine f pr bodies

schools. e

r r s vic latter ro student's T l is c , xhibiting muchconcer that ent e pr he a to a

successful e ag

' has a the CHITT PR of s he e ag pupils impor under into e imar t f t d

urban AL ORIGIN m

democr af

i not Pr . y h f n y imar xpect

v

o impar amenities, concer ed RA r f i a Ev qua is ed r e t f

list laudab ar education u

e c n e teacher-pupil adesh childr to limitation

ected amif OBLEMS OFPRIMAR a y T the not schools. especiall O

y t i

a ha o this the q administr and possib u en he ious y TIO e - m in e Pr h in be F RESEARCH| ar f

school, t y r and u tance n

a non indi a T S F v as upon e o the o adesh ar t i national t r e t ication national s lea mandal school str e to he though, .V most a

of h s - adher r

task atic OOR DISTRICT

n en and stagnation p t eas. as d e categ e le b a c also w t to fulf b

f ength the .Uni viduall o of r v iciall teacher-pupil admit

y d ag d a o u i e le ell o

admitted

e m w

t is v y e the point c a de

the e Cur l y social the

s y illment of and

spr it er impor e ell b a t r f q p

is local p Among a ation AL RESEARCHP the e ed tak man or as gr y le a m y m is or in v c v in o u e

a gr pr y ict hasbeenaf Mandal w r the r , eloping t par as h pr is ead the r r a ersity v r r e eat econstr

types econstr essential a managing y to i the ies r en entl them secondar tr t oup

i omotion e hen accepted el t r the

o atio . school, a D t t incr ob y in e Chittoor ( ur r de y ying o self as tant t n

i ishads

to local has

V still of e a

. n times e violation t possib of t education teachers al will – e lems y a olume-9 |Issue-4 n inthef a

v h r e r f f the ther leap p ,

eased of . in espect a the ar n ield s elopment

n

a g teachers r into , of stag t ar the a d P d t o o to e gr uction. stak a countr uction. t o become r h as the be 6 ar

Tir f

r bodies s atio f g v eas r e

objecti e bef to of eat education gr

of i p p e utiliz t er y ur fur e to t and ishads le of distr possib s r m m e ar h teacher- f o r f pr pr pr e es

eater see

ar upati be f liter schools schools o al w nments e n in , ANDHRAPRADESH i or in e

a e ther t 11 f ield of e e Pub to e w g n of of

imar imar imar d astag ected o i y

c

mor mor n xtent xtent y e to

m local s

e r state an her the n T ict.

e Zilla

t Y EDUC e ond T and and that

pa lik a d acy v i ar ar he the the the n o b t n s he v he ny all an lic le es y as a

in in t s s o e e e e e y e e y e y y schools s , t l educational o . . e

futur

AP– f and

P APER Apr e accommodation p r r schools, ma those schoolsar o enough complained T Lac Depar 'Badibata' intr Andhr students this, implementing T education I Sour THE T str f c in In class the ma n compulsions. them be schools. the w c o 517 acilities n esear equir stagnation wned o o of umber h ab h r astag A

l has Chittoor i m ength r e e f i y y il -2020 y tempted m C oduction p India irst TION IN k t le

r par p ce: i o h STRENGTH not f a e p as ag not 502, of c l ail a es r in i a cher tment 1 r e

u t school. e). a a

y gr b t ents Of a class, t ain b Pr Accommodation

t o e accommodation. per of of

y ar l sit 56 e in r w is in a Ev l

o eat s be

s e 2018-2019 2017-2018 2016-2017 2015-2019 2014-2015 2013-2014 2012-2013 2011-2012 adesh i f

|PRINTISSNNo

But, her w

, the ice e c pupils c r India. f dependent dr S (i.e

distr

r e r or en the

t r f appr

h to to emuner ur hich stopping of s h or d ooms that c ar Y d signif

a of Resear opouts 2 o inter o e e

u became ear of

i In i al s . eng in due Education, a mandals

after o e w

s

Its e stagnation). c the

e ict, e housedinthepuccab l t m the ther p the gr of a hich in w schools. o s the r n xamination such the r in r OF ar t i

ximatel

impor eluctant ested a ag *Cor e i viting e c c eat icance pr at

to i o ther e n n the e l t s ha Distr ati e cher's e distr n , l pr xamination (i.e c y e

imar pr

least. the PUPILS education

ther r f t C ving

cir e a v ar upon their ormulated ogr h e i 1 ther a e w imar xtent s e b h has . e tance d st e

r ict

n social such cumstances, in ict is e

i e . w

y r

Class. Raji u

y esponding t t T T e enter e ammes

KEY Manag , d d h l t no astag c

T

f he admitted he e to schools o f . obser Education,

each As f

childr luctuation e 2250-1991|DOI: admitting o been the y a ar

he or o a the a once

v - is r IN P r students r pr is schools T e g e admit t basic e Vid e per

incr and e ab pr u n e 3 types n

y a

f d e). man imar a THE 6,412 because W t or

p umber b 6 school v e i c ise en le o most ha y lot and 1 s , r ation, such a r

easing h l statistics in 1 ORDS: r economic w t amission. st o

p i ement r

Sometimes, e 1

3 v child y , in c them, f class g hich,

y i their r

c Chittoor 1 acilities. e r , of of ther c e gi because

times

in 2 r ar Chittoor l ' education ST their schools to s t their implemented a n a 1 inadequate Author to A . v education uildings.

CLASS as s e 4 e pr the m of accommodations 6 en

e a s r d

e of joined u str Ta

is the 37,311 37,188 38,368 39,837 43,624 35,783 39,661 40,531 eadmission

stud not

v s m the opag childr r s school m ( s 'Badi er might

belo gr

t collected f joining admitted f i ength, b o childr e u ields ear . a backw Go

e y l c i distr s d 10.36106/par eater pr n par y e . n

. i

w e of d

anda a

Each childr y , the h o w in v

i t

en n of 2

t er h

ear w pelusthr s er vided ents T a i be t a

pr or e en o ict. economic

sho t s . b in he pub v hen Chittoor the e

p l r of r nment

n in s childr ar

uildings e into o e r emplo a Most ge o s spite a set vided b e

b 50,000 into school

en ws dness, b b pupils in

India w

t b y s i y same lar i y h y once p t s 63 ould e with o t e

a o i the the the the the the the n up aa' n e g n en v n lic o a of of of of t g e n e o y ipex s r , .

PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH | Volume-9 | Issue-4 | April - 2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991 | DOI : 10.36106/paripex Table 2 students have to face many difficulties.10The staff of the DEO, ACCOMMODATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN on the other hand, expressed the view that the governments CHITTOOR DISTRICT has not provided with adequate funds to purchase the Schools w ith single room 1970 required furniture. Schools w itho ut toilets 3200 Lack of Suitable and Worthy Teachers Schools w ithout for g irls toilets 800 For free and compulsory education, it is necessary that Schools w ithoutdr inking water 2782 suitable teachers from the adjoining areas or local persons Schools w ithout kitchen r ooms 1500 are appointed who are willing to work in rural areas. They Schools withoutboundar y walls 1100 should be conversant with the local cultural, religious and Schools w ithout electricity 586 social traditions. They should be fully familiar with language Schools w ithoutg asconnection 1735 of the area. They should have the capacity to make the school Schools w ithout T .V. 3680 environment healthy, attractive and useful. They should be master of subjects so that the teaching of various subjects may Source: Department of Education, Chittoor district. be done satisfactorily.11

At present all the primary schools have been provided with Single School Teachers pucca buildings under Sarvashiksha Abhiyan scheme. But, As per Researchers' information by the survey, in the Chittoor majority of schools are not having playgrounds as required district, there are 1,467 single teacher schools, without majority of the schools having no infrastructure. All the additional post of second teachers it is a curse to the schools. students have to sit on the floor. They have no benches, they If one teacher is going on leave on that day, the school will be have no ayas. closed. There is no education on that day. If the teachers C.L. extends more than one day what is the fate of the schools. Lack of School Conductors The public as well as the teacher's associations have Lack of Text-Books complained that many schools under the Mandal Parishads As teachers associations are general public have by and large are not having school conductors. They are expected to bring complaints that the text books are not supplied to the schools the small children from their residences to the schools and properly. Lack of text books is one of the knottiest problems leave them safely to their residences after the closure of the encountered by the students as well as the teachers. The school. But, due to the non-availability of conductors/ Government of Andhra Pradesh is responsible for the conductresses, some parents are reluctant to send their publication of text books and also their distribution through children to the schools.5 the various Head Masters of the schools to the students. But the text books are not supplied to the schools promptly Teaching Methods sometimes, the books will not be available even during the It has been generally observed by the Researcher that while middle of the academic year. The text books are also not imparting knowledge to the children, the teachers are not up- supplied to the schools in time. The District Education Office to-date in using either the play- way method, or project staff has on the other hand, said that most of the teachers method of teaching. Some of the teachers are teaching their reside for away from their schools. Further, it is not possible lessons in the old conventional methods, they are not for the DEO staff to contact the teachers of the schools attracting the students with the new techniques.6 The Mandal individually and arrange for the distribution of text books so, Parishad staff has on the other hand, said that the teachers are they are asked to go over to the DEO to receive the books. not able to use these methods due to lack of teaching aids and There is no provision to reimburse the traveling expenses proper accommodation facilities. incurred by them.12

Need for Effective Inspection and Supervision Reform of Primary Education Education is the right royal to development. The educational Indian constitution provides for free and compulsory system of a developing country such as India has to be education for all children between 6 to 11 years of age. This recognized to have a dynamic de3velopment oriented may be extended up to 14 years of age. Some states have administrative and supervisory system which can function as implemented it for the children up to 14 years of age. It was a catalyst for change and help education respond to the planned that this scheme of free and compulsory education changing conditions in society. Education is not a medical should be implemented up to the junior high school stage. process but a social force affecting the development of human Later on it was decided that free and compulsory education personality.7 The role of the school inspector in that of a liaison should be made available for children between 6 and 11 years officer and human engineer as well as education by of age. But when even this objective could not be achieved by interpreting the problems of Head Masters, teachers, and the end of the Second Five Year Plan, its programme was high school authorities to each group and by working extended in the third year plan. For the fourth year plan the cooperatively with them for educational achievement and scheme was revised for children between 6 to 14 years of age. improvement. He is a friend, guide and philosopher, rather But even till today this could not be achieved due to following than a fault finder. The role of educational supervision difficulties in Chittoor district.13 therefore becomes. Supporting, assisting and sharing rather than directing and controlling supervision is nor an Lack of Toilet Facilities imposition upon the teachers, but an improvement on the Most of the staff as well as students complaint that there are no teachers.8 The most important function of a supervisor is to urinals and septic lavatories for staff and students in most of investigate the teaching learning process in terms of the the primary schools in Chittoor district. The women staff environmental conditions. It requires extra-ordinary skill on members face grater inconvenience than that of men staff the post of the supervisor to provide able leadership in group members because of lack of such facilities in primary schools. activities and a personnel administration.9 There are 4475 primary schools which have no toilet facilities for girls and boys primary schools which have no toilet Lack of Furniture and Other Facilities facilities. Unfortunately, that there is no toilets for women It has been complained by 90 per cent of the teacher- teachers. Hence, urinals and septic lavatories should be respondents that most of the schools under the Chittoor accorded top priority in the schools which are now under district do not have been absolutely required furniture. construction. Such provision should be made even in the old Sometimes even the teachers are forced to sit on the floor buildings and first preference should be given to women's along with their students. Because of the lack of furniture, the toilet rooms as against men's.14 64 www.worldwidejournals.com PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH | Volume-9 | Issue-4 | April - 2020 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991 | DOI : 10.36106/paripex Lack of Audio-Visual Equipment Chittoor district facing lack of amenities like toilets, drinking At present, the primary schools are not provided with audio water electricity of in and around the schools. But the visual equipment which is essential to make the students government is trying to facilitate the above facilities to the learn through audio visual education. At least, some of the schools even though the parents and society is taking more primary schools should be given such facility. The District care about their children feature. There is need for overhaul of Public relations Office should act as a nerve centre for such the teaching learning maths is the focus imparting quality activity by devising some periodical programmes. education and good infrastructure. It is not easy to provide necessary funds for setting by such a large number of schools Lack of Medical Facilities to School Children with buildings and other equipments. In order to meet this In Chittoor district the Teacher's associations and individual problem of new buildings along with the existing schools in teachers have also complained about lack of medical private houses, temples, verandah of rich persons, residency facilities to the school children. The office of the DEO, Chittoor of teachers etc. should be met by construction of low cost have clarified the position and said that the officials of the houses of thatch or tile with local materials. health department will be visiting the schools to take care of the health of the school children from time to time. It may be REFERENCES suggested that the health check-up programme for the 1. Interview with Rama Krishna Reddy, Member of A.P. Teachers Union, 26-9- 2013. students of all the primary schools should be periodically 2. Interview with K. Subba Reddy, Secondary Grade Teacher, Kalikiri Mandal, undertaken by the health department. Health chart should be Chittoor district, 15-8-2013. maintained for every child and in case of any contingency, 3. Kothari D.S. Report of the Education Commission, New Delhi, Managerial immediate steps should be taken hygienic care for children Publications, 1976, p, 145, 4. Interview with R. Narayana, Secondary Grade Teacher, MPPS School, should be undertaken by providing them with soap, hair oil, Thondavada, Chandragiri mandal, Tirupati, 10-8-2013. powder and towel. The mental abilities of the children and 5. Interview with P. Nataraj, Head Master, Royalpuram, Chandragiri Mandal, 1-8- their family backgrounds should also be studied and 2013. 6. Interview with Subba Ramaiah, Assistant Statistical Officer, SSA, Chittoor on analyzed and their socio psychological deficiencies 10-7-2013. identified and attended to. The Government of Andhra 7. Interview with P. Ramakrishna Reddy, Secondary grade Teacher, MPPS, Pradesh should constantly persuade the health department to Chandragiri Mandal, Chittoor district on 10-7-2013. 8. Interview with Chittoor MEO, Chittoor District on 15-6-2017. do the needful and make the best possible use of their 9. Interview with K. Venkatarathnam, Primary School Headmaster, M.R. Palli, 15 services. Tirupati on 5-7-2017. 10. Interview with K. Vijaya Kumari, SGT, MPPs, M.R. Palli, Tirupati on 2-7-2017. 11. Interview with Sri Pratap Reddy, DEO, Chittoor on 5-8-2017. No Rest Rooms 12. Interview with P. Sundarnath Reddy, SGT, MPPS, Kasipentla, Chandragiri Lack of rest rooms is for the women teachers as well as girls mandal on 18-8-2018. mainly at the time of periods except model cluster schools. 13. Interview with K. Parthasaradhi, AAO, DEO Office, Chittoor on 20-8-2018. 14. Interview with Y. Chandrasekhar Reddy, SGT, Agarala, Chandragiri mandal on 7-7-2018. Deficit of Teachers 15. Interview with N. Narasimha Rao, SGT, Chiguruvada, Tirupati on 1-8-2019. Most of the parents are complaint that the most of the primary schools under control mandal parishads having insufficient deficit of teachers in the areas of Shantipuram, Ramakuppam and Gudupalle mandal of the Kuppam constituency. If sufficient teachers are there, there is no scope for stagnation and wastage. It is suggest by the researcher, it is the duties of district education department instruct the mandal level education officers to concentrate on deputing surplus teachers to schools that are facing a shortage of teachers. This is done by conduct a meetings from time to time by the District Educational Officer with the mandal level educational officers here, and also he will give instruction to the authorities concerned to prepare a plan of action to increase enrolment of students from the from the academic year. As a result, head master in various mandals for maintaining quality teaching standards on par with private institutions.

Dearth of Trained Teachers There is a shortage of trained teachers to make elementary education universal and corporatry. Now-a-days, the young teachers do not wish to work in rural areas. But the fact remains that majority of primary schools are in rural areas. The chief reason of non-availability of suitable teachers is that teaching work is not attractive for many persons, since the salary of primary teachers is hopelessly low.

CONCLUSION In Chittoor district, there are 6,13,216 students getting education for which there are 6,412 schools were set up. There are so many welfare programmes have been implementing in the district for increasing strength, in spite of this, as per Researcher's observation, every year 50,000 students are stopping education. Due to insufficient facilities by the government schools parents are committing their children in corporate schools. If children are showing interest to admit their children in private English medium school, they want to encourage their children to learn English language. Due to these reasons the government schools are facing problems and the enrolment in government schools in coming down drastically over the years. Almost all schools in www.worldwidejournals.com 651