DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF NAMAKKAL DISTRICT PREFACE In Compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change Dated 15.01.2016, the preparation of District survey report of minor minerals is in accordance appendix 10 of the notification. It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of District Survey Report is as per notification guidelines. Every effort have been made to cover mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenishable and non- replenishable areas. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources, geographical set up, environmental and ecological set up of the District and is based on data of various departments, published reports and websites. The data may vary due to flood, heavy rains and other natural cliamities. Therefore, it is recommended that Sub Divisional Level Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects / data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority. SURVEY REPORT OF NAMAKKAL DISTRICT As per Gazette notification of 15th January 2016 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change a Survey shall be carried out by the District Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) with assistance of irrigation department, Drainage department, Forest department, Mining department and Revenue department in the district for preparation of District Survey Report as per the sustainable Miner mineral mining guidelines to ensure identification of areas of aggradations or deposition where mining can be allowed; and identification of areas of erosion and proximity to infrastructural structures and installations where mining should be prohibited and calculation of annual rate of replenishment and allowing time for replenishment after mining in that area. Every effort have been made to cover mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenish-able and non-replenish-able of particular areas. The mineral potential is calculated based on field investigation & geology of the catchment area. Also as per the site conditions and locations, depth of minable mineral is defined. The area for removal of the mineral in a particular area is decided depending on geo-morphology & other factors, it can be 10% to 40% of the area. Other constituents like clay soil and silt are excluded as waste while calculating the mineral potential of particular mining area. This District Survey Report shall form the basis for application for environment clearance, preparation of reports and appraisal of projects. The report shall be updated once every five years. 1.0 INDRODUCTION: Namakkal district is bounded by Salem district on the north; on the east by Attur taluk of Salem district, Perambalur and Tiruchirapalli District's; by Karur District on the south and on the west by Erode district.(Namakkal District profile, SouthIndia Online) Namakkal District comes under the North Western Agro climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. It is situated in the dividing portion of two watersheds between Cauvery and the Vellar System with the Taluks of Attur, Rasipuram and Namakkal on the East and Salem, Omalur and Mettur on the West. Tiruchengode taluk alone is placed under Western Agroclimatic zone Namakkal District, Govt of Tamil Nadu Besides the above two zones, Kolli and a few isolated hills and ridges are scattered over Namakkal, Rasipuram and Tiruchengode and along with the valleys and rolling hills, make up the characteristic topography of the district. Fig.No.1: NAMAKKAL DISTRICT AND TALUK MAP The Namakkal District lies in the interior of Tamilnadu between the North Latitudes 11° 00' 00" to 11° 36' 10" and East Longitudes 77° 40' 00" to 78° 30' 00". The total geographical area of the District is 3404.3 sq. km. The district has been is divided into four taluks namely, Namakkal, Thiruchengode, Paramathi and Rasipuram and fifteen administrative blocks. The location of the study area is shown in the Figure 1. 2.0 PHYSICAL FEATURES & GEOGRAPHICAL AREA: a) Brief detail of Namakkal District S.NO ITEMS STATISTICS GENERAL INFERMATION a) Geographical area(S.q.km) 3404.3 sq.km b) Administrative divisions as on 31.03.2007 i) c) Number of Taluk 05 d) Number of Block 15 e) Number of villages 454 f) Number of Panchayats 331 Population ii) (as on 2011Censes) Total- 1495661 Total population Male- 760409 Female-735252 iii) Average annual rainfall (mm) 650 - 900 Geomorphology I. Major physiographic Upland plateau region with hill Units ranges and undulating plain. ii. Major Drainages Cauvery, Tirumanimutar Landuse (Sq.km) a) Forest area 439 Sq.km iv) b) Net area sown 1765 Sq.km c) Cultivable waste 48 Sq.km Red soil, Black soil, Brown soil, v) Major soil types Alluvial soil & mixed soil. Area under principal crops a) Paddy 18832Ha-9.20% vi) b) Groundnut 47639Ha-23.0% c) Sugarcane 13278Ha-6.4% d) Oil seeds 20073Ha-12% e) Fodder 38010Ha-18.5% Irrigation by different Area irrigated sources (Ha) Number Number of area irrigated (Ha) vii) i) dug wells 75961 40879 ii) Tube wells /Bore wells 5144 21730 iii) Tanks/ ponds 259 799 iv) Canals 3 4915 v) Other sources --- 5995 vi) Net irrigated area 74318Ha vii) Cross irrigated area 88146 Ha Alluvium, Colluvium, Laterite, Predominant Geological Granite, Dolerite, Quartzite, viii) formations Charnockite and Granite Gneiss. Hydrogeology Alluvium, Colluvium, i) Major water bearing weathered &fractured Granite formations Gneiss, Charnockite. ix) ii)Pre-monsoon depth to water 1.20 – 14.33m bgl. level iii) Post-monsoon depth to water 0.86 – 16.60m bgl. level Annual Rise Long term water level trend in 10 Fall (m/year) x) (m/year) years(2006-16)in m/yr Min:0.0335 Min:0.0186 Max:0.6159 Max:0.9738 Ground water exploration by CGWB (As on 31-03-2016) a) Number of exploratory wells 14 drilled b) Number of observation wells 07 drilled xi) c) Number of Piezometers drilled 13 under Hp d) Depth of range(m) 76.61 – 300.00 e) Discharge(lps) 0.50 – 15.26 f) Specific capacity ( Lpm/m ) 4.491 – 57.85 g) Transmissivity (m2/day) 2 - 45 Ground water quality i) Presence of chemical TH as Ca CO3, NO3, F xii) constituents more than permissible limit ii) Type of water NaCl & mixed type Dynamic ground water resources xiii) a) Annual replenishable ground 493.51 water resources b) Total Annual ground water 514.31 draft for all purposes. c) Projected demand for domestic and industrial uses 24.47 up to 2025 d) Stage of ground water 106% development EFFORTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & RAINWATER HARVESTING I. Project completed by Construction of Subsurface CGWB Number of Dyke at Kunavelampatti under structures Amount central sectore scheme spent 1) High level of ground water development. 2) Declining of ground water level and drying of MAJOR GROUND WATER shallow wells. 16. PROBLEMS AND ISSUS 3) Inclidence of fluoride in ground water. 4) Local pollution of surface and ground water by industrial units. b) Administrative Details Namakkal district is divided into 5 taluks. The taluks are further divided into 15 blocks, which further divided into 39 villages. Adiministrative set-up of Namakkal District S. Taluk Area No.of Block No.of No (sq.km) Villages Villages 1 Namakkal 1244.6 117 Namakkal 23 Puduchatram 30 Sendamangalam 17 Erumaipatti 25 Kolli Hills 7 Mohanur 15 2 Paramathi 523.06 60 Paramathi 23 velur Mohanur 11 Kabilarmalai 26 3 Rasipuram 817.48 102 Rasipuram 25 Vennandur 30 Namagiripet 38 Kolli Hills 9 4 Tiruchengode 844.16 112 Tiruchengode 38 Mallasamudram 27 Elachipalayam 29 Pallipalayam 18 Total 3429.3 391 391 c) Drainage Cauvery River, which is perennial in nature, flows along the western and southern boundaries of the district. Tirumanimuttar river, which is the the most important tributary of Cauvery in the district and traverses the district before its confluence with Cauvery at Nanjai Edayar village of Paramathi taluk. A samall area in the northern part, which is drained mainly by vasista and Sweta Nadi Rivers, which are tributation of vellar River. d) Irrigation Practices The nine – fold land use classification for the district is given below S.No Classification Area 1 Forests 43909 2 Barren & Uncultivable Lands 24743 3 Land put to non agriculture uses 38302 4 Cultivable Waste 4781 5 Permanent pastures & other 6684 grazing lands 6 Groves not included in the area 3854 sown 7 Current Fallows 28375 8 Other Fallow Lands 9143 9 Net Area sown 176544 Total 336335 The data available indicate that an area of about 74318Ha is under irrigated agriculture. Dug wells are the major source of water for irrigation in the district, accounting for about 55% of the total area irrigated in the district. Canals and tanks account for about 8% each. The block wise and source wise net area irrigated in Ha is given below S. Block Total Net No Net area irrigated by Area irrigated Canals Tanks Tube Ordinary Other wells wells sources 1 Elachipalayam 0.00 0.00 2410 1506 0.00 3916 2 Erumaipatti 0.00 1268 1120 5622 218 8228 3 Kabilarmalai 3149 0.00 0.00 3507 3050 9706 4 Kolli hills 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 788 794 5 Mallasamudram 0.00 2724 142 1567 0.00 4433 6 Mohanur 412 206 757 5318 8.00 6701 7 Namagiripet 0.00 0.00 291 4893 20.00 5204 8 Namakkal 0.00 0.00 96 1667 0.00 1763 9 Pallipalayam 1209 0.00 296 2383 986 4874 10 Paramathi Velur 337 0.00 95 5983 0.00 6415 11 Puduchatram 0.00 0.00 258 4059 0.00 4317 12 Rasipuram 0.00 0.00 496 1711 0.00 2207 13 Sendamangalam 0.00 0.00 130 5413 1057 6600 14 Thiruchengode 1040 0.00 406 4564 0.00 6010 15 Vennandur 0.00 0.00 242 2908 0.00 3150 Total 6147 4198 6745 51101 6127 74318 e) RAINFALLS AND CLIMATE The district receives the rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoon.