Clematis Microphylla Subsp
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Flora of South Australia 5Th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann
Flora of South Australia 5th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann RANUNCULACEAE1 H. Eichler2, J.A. Jeanes3 & N.G. Walsh3 Herbs, usually terrestrial perennials, some waterplants and some annuals, rarely small shrubs or woody climbers; leaves alternate, in a basal rosette, or rarely opposite or whorled, compound or simple, often palmately lobed or dissected, petioles often with sheathing base, usually without stipules. Inflorescences of solitary flowers or cymose, flowers hypogynous, usually regular, bisexual, nectar-secreting and insect-pollinated, some zygomorphic, rarely wind-pollinated; perianth petaloid or sepaloid, whorled or spirally arranged, undifferentiated or consisting of calyx and corolla, the latter formed usually of petaloid nectaries (sometimes termed ‘honey-leaves’, here treated as petals), rarely of true petals (Adonis), usually 5 or more, rarely reduced to 2, 1 or 0; stamens usually many (rarely 2 or 1), spirally arranged; filaments free, anthers extrorse, opening in longitudinal slits, rarely with connective appendages; carpels many to 1, free and spirally arranged or more or less fused and in 1 whorl; style usually well developed; ovules many to 1, ventral or basal, anatropous; integuments 1 or 2. Fruit of (usually) many (rarely 1) follicles or achenes, or rarely a berry or capsule; seeds usually with a small embryo and oily endosperm; germination usually epigeal. About 60 genera and c. 2500 species, cosmopolitan, predominantly Northern Hemisphere, many alpine. In Australia 9 genera of which 5 are introduced. Mostly poisonous to stock and humans (glycosides and alkaloids), some medicinal, several horticultural (e.g. Aconitum, Anemone, Aquilegia, Clematis, Delphinium, Nigella) and sometimes escaping. Previous editions of the Flora listed Batrachium (DC.) Gray as a separate genus, but this is here included in Ranunculus, following Emadzade et al. -
Ecology of the Ecological Community
APPENDIX A: BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF THE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY This appendix provides further relevant information about the biology and ecology of the KI Narrow-leaved Mallee Woodland ecological community to better understand what the ecological community is and how it functions. Biology of key species The dominant presence of Eucalyptus cneorifolia in the tree canopy is a diagnostic feature of the ecological community. The KI narrow-leaved mallee is an upright tree, to ten metres tall, sometimes with a single stem or in the form of a multi-stemmed mallee (Brooker et al., 2002). It generally forms a dense canopy of narrow, dark green leaves. The leaves have conspicuous oil glands and the species was used for the Eucalyptus oil industry (Willoughby et al., 2001). The KI narrow-leaved mallee develops a lignotuber at the base of the trunk. Regeneration after disturbances, such as fire, occurs mostly through resprouts from the lignotuber. Regeneration from canopy-stored seed or from the soil seed bank is thought to be limited (Rawson et al., 2012). Other plant species may be widespread throughout the ecological community, for instance Melaleuca uncinata (broombrush), M. lanceolata (dryland tea-tree) or Thryptomene ericaea (heath thryptomene) are common at many sites. However, no other plant species occurs across all sites nor has such an obvious presence that it governs the structure and appearance of the ecological community. Similar considerations apply to the faunal component of the ecological community. The upper height limit for mallee eucalypts is typically about 9 metres (Parsons, 1994). An unusual feature of mallees on KI is that they can be taller, sometimes exceptionally so. -
Flora of South Australia 5Th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann
Flora of South Australia 5th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann RANUNCULACEAE1 H. Eichler2, J.A. Jeanes3 & N.G. Walsh3 Herbs, usually terrestrial perennials, some waterplants and some annuals, rarely small shrubs or woody climbers; leaves alternate, in a basal rosette, or rarely opposite or whorled, compound or simple, often palmately lobed or dissected, petioles often with sheathing base, usually without stipules. Inflorescences of solitary flowers or cymose, flowers hypogynous, usually regular, bisexual, nectar-secreting and insect-pollinated, some zygomorphic, rarely wind-pollinated; perianth petaloid or sepaloid, whorled or spirally arranged, undifferentiated or consisting of calyx and corolla, the latter formed usually of petaloid nectaries (sometimes termed ‘honey-leaves’, here treated as petals), rarely of true petals (Adonis), usually 5 or more, rarely reduced to 2, 1 or 0; stamens usually many (rarely 2 or 1), spirally arranged; filaments free, anthers extrorse, opening in longitudinal slits, rarely with connective appendages; carpels many to 1, free and spirally arranged or more or less fused and in 1 whorl; style usually well developed; ovules many to 1, ventral or basal, anatropous; integuments 1 or 2. Fruit of (usually) many (rarely 1) follicles or achenes, or rarely a berry or capsule; seeds usually with a small embryo and oily endosperm; germination usually epigeal. About 60 genera and c. 2500 species, cosmopolitan, predominantly N hemisphere, many alpine. In Australia 10 genera of which 5 are introduced. Mostly poisonous to stock and humans (glycosides and alkaloids), some medicinal, several horticultural (e.g. Aconitum, Anemone, Aquilegia, Clematis, Delphinium, Nigella) and sometimes escaping. Nigella damascena L. (Love-in-a-mist), is a commonly grown ornamental to c. -
Plant Communities of the South Eastern Highlands and Australian Alps Within the Murrumbidgee Catchment of New South Wales Version 1.1
Plant Communities of the South Eastern Highlands and Australian Alps within the Murrumbidgee Catchment of New South Wales Version 1.1 Cover photo: Riparian and dry forest plant communities adjacent to the Murrumbidgee River, Scottsdale Reserve (Bush Heritage Australia). Photographer: Rainer Rehwinkel The Office of Environment and Heritage NSW (OEH), part of the NSW Department of Premier and Cabinet, has compiled this report in good faith, exercising all due care and attention. OEH does not accept responsibility for any inaccurate or incomplete information supplied by third parties. No representation is made about the accuracy, completeness or suitability of the information in this publication for any particular purpose. OEH shall not be liable for any damage which may occur to any person or organisation taking action or not on the basis of this publication. Readers should seek appropriate advice when applying the information to their specific needs. This report should be cited as: Office of Environment and Heritage (2011) Plant Communities of the South Eastern Highlands and Australian Alps within the Murrumbidgee Catchment of New South Wales. Version 1.1. Technical Report. A Report to Catchment Action NSW. NSW Office of Environment and Heritage; Department of Premier and Cabinet, Queanbeyan. © Copyright State of NSW and the Office of Environment and Heritage. The State of NSW and OEH are pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part for educational and non-commercial use, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged. Released by: Office of Environment and Heritage NSW 11 Farrer Place PO Box 733 Queanbeyan NSW 2620 Phone: (02) 6229 7000 (switchboard) OEH 2011/0613 August 2011 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Project Coordination Data Analysis Rob Armstrong Ken Turner Keith McDougall Rob Armstrong Field Survey data collection Report Writing Contractors Rob Armstrong BlueGum Consulting (Tom O’Sullivan) Ken Turner David Eddy (privateer) Keith McDougall Ecological Australia Pty Ltd.