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Regional Oral History Office University of California the Bancrof T Library Berkeley, California Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancrof t Library Berkeley, California Sierra Club History Series Peggy Wayburn AUTHOR AND ENVIRONMENTAL ADVOCATE With an Introduction by Maxine McCloskey Interviews Conducted by Ann Lage in 1990 Underwritten by the Sierra Club and the Sierra Club Foundation Copyright Q 1992 by The Regents of the University of California and the Sierra Club Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the Nation. Oral history is a modern research technique involving an interviewee and an informed interviewer in spontaneous conversation. The taped record is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The resulting manuscript is typed in final form, indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Peggy Wayburn dated March 30, 1991. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley and to the Sierra Club. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the Director of The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for.publication should be addressed to the Regional Oral History Office, 486 Library, University of California, Berkeley 94720, and should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The legal agreement with Peggy Wayburn requires that she be notified of the request and allowed thirty days in which to respond. It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Peggy Wayburn, "Author and Environmental Advocate," an oral history conducted in 1990 by Ann Lage, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 1992. Copy no. Catalogue card WAYBURN, Peggy (b. 1917) Author, Environmentalist Author and Environmental Advocate, 1992, xiv, 193 pp. Family and education in New York City; San Francisco in 1940s; marriage to Edgar Wayburn, physician, environmentalist, Sierra Club leader; Sierra Club outings, 1940s-1950s; backpacking and camping with young children; Sierra Club Biennial Wilderness Conferences, 1961, 1963, 1965; campaigns for Redwoods National Park and Alaskan parks and wilderness; Sierra Club internal affairs, 1960s-1980s: David Brower, Edgar Wayburn, Ansel Adams, volunteer roles; travel and commentary on Alaska, 1960s-1980s: Alaskan Natives and the environment; career as author of environmental and outdoor adventure/travel books. Appended article on 1948 Sierra Club High Trip and "Bulletin Boards" from Sierra Club Bulletin. Introduction by Maxine McCloskey, chair, Sierra Club History Committee. Interviewed 1990 by Ann Lage for the Sierra Club History Series. The Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. TABLE OF CONTENTS--Peggy Wayburn PREFACE INTRODUCTION--byMaxine McCloskey INTERVIEW HISTORY xii BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION xiv I BEGINNINGS: THE ROUTE TO THE SIERRA CLUB Background and Education in New York City Family Patterns Barnard College Helping the War Effort: Engineer for Western Electric Coming to San Francisco, 1945: Copywriter for J. Walter Thompson Meeting Ed, 1947 V-J Day in San Francisco First Hike with Ed, to Stinson Beach Life in San Francisco in the Forties I1 SIERRA CLUB OUTINGS, 1948-1950s High Trip to Paradise Valley, 1948 Convert to the Outdoors: Hiking and High Trips with Four Children More Outing Memories: Companions on the Trail I11 ENVIRONMENTAL INVOLVEMENT, 1950s-1960s Growing Consciousness of Issues: FWOC, Redwoods, "Bulletin Board" Opposing Freeways through the Redwoods Martin Litton as Pilot and Hike Leader Friends and Fear in the Redwoods Seeing the Big Picture Helping Write the First Redwoods Advertisement Planting the Idea for the Redwoods National Park with Stewart Udal 1 Newton Drury, John Carver, and the Redwood Park IV COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT, 1950s-1960s Alamo School, Florence Crittendon Home Dorothy Erskine and Citizens for Regional Recreation and Parks Physician' s Wife Help with Home and Children People for Open Space "Marrying the Sierra Club": Ed's Role in the Club Our heartfelt gratitude for their help in making the Sierra Club Oral History Project a success goes to each interviewee and interviewer; to everyone who has written an introduction to an oral history; to the Sierra Club Board of Directors for its recognition of the long-term importance of this effort; to the Trustees of the Sierra Club Foundation for generously providing the necessary funding; to club and foundation staff, especially to Michael McCloskey, Denny Wilcher, Colburn Wilbur, and Nicholas Clinch; to Willa Baum and Susan Schrepfer of the Regional Oral History Office; and last but far from least, to the members of the History Committee, and particularly to Ann Lage, who has coordinated the oral history effort since 1974. You are cordially invited to read and enjoy any or all of the oral histories in the Sierra Club series. By so doing you will learn much of the club's history which is available nowhere else, and of the fascinating careers and accomplishments of many outstanding club leaders and members. Marshall H. Kuhn Chairman, History Committee 1970-1978 May 1, 1977 San Francisco (revised March, 1992, A.L.) iii The Sierra Club Oral History Program, 1978-1992 Inspired by the vision of its founder and first chairman, Marshall Kuhn, the Sierra Club History Committee continued to expand its oral history program following his death in 1978. In 1980, with five ROHO interviews completed or underway and thirty-five volunteer-conducted interviews available for research, the History Committee sought and received funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities for a major project focusing on the Sierra Club of the 1960s and 1970s. In a four-year period, NEH and matching Sierra Club funds made possible the completion of an additional seventeen major oral histories conducted by the Regional Oral History Office and forty-four volunteer-conducted interviews. Oral histories produced during and following the NEH grant period have documented the leadership, programs, strategies, and ideals of the national Sierra Club as well as the club grassroots at the regional and chapter levels over the past thirty years. The work of the club is seen in all its variety--from education to litigation to legislative lobbying; from energy policy to urban issues to wilderness preservation; from California to the Carolinas to Alaska, and on the international scene. The Sierra Club oral history program, together with the extensive Sierra Club papers and photographic collection in The Bancroft Library--a collection of 1325 linear feet of archival records, more than 34,000 photographs, and films, tapes, and Sierra Club publications, all recently processed and catalogued--help celebrate the Sierra Club centennial in 1992 by making accessible to researchers one hundred years of Sierra Club history. Special thanks for the oral history project's later phase are due Maxine McCloskey, chair of the Sierra Club History Committee 1988-1992; Ray Lage, cochair, History Committee, 1978-1986; Susan Schrepfer, codirector of the NEH Sierra Club Documentation Project; members of the History Committee; and most importantly, the interviewees and interviewers for their unfailing cooperation. Ann Lage, Coordinator Sierra Club Oral History Program Cochair, History Committee 1978- 1986 Berkeley, California March 1992 March 1992 SIERRA CLUB ORAL HISTORY SERIES Interviews conducted by the Regional Oral History Office, University of California, Berkeley. Sinale-Interview Volumes Adams, Ansel. Conversations with Ansel Adams. 1978, 768 pp. (On photography and conservation.) Berry, Phillip S. Sierra Club Leader. 1960s-1980s: A Broadened Agenda. A Bold Approach. 1988, 149 pp. Brower, David R. Environmental Activist. Publicist. and Prophet. 1980, 320 pp. Colby, William E. Reminiscences. 1954, 145 pp. (An interview with Sierra Club secretary and director, 1900-1946.) Leonard, Richard M. Mountaineer. Lawyer. Environmentalist. 1975, 482 pp. Livermore, Norman B. Jr., Man in the Middle: High Sierra Packer. Timberman, Conservationist, and California Resources Secretarv. 1983, 285 pp. McCloskey, Michael. Sierra Club Executive Director: The Evolving Club and the Environmental Movement. 1983, 279 pp. Siri, William E. Reflections on the Sierra Club. the Environment. and Mountaineerinn. 1950s-1970s. 1979, 296 pp. Stegner, Wallace. The Artist as Environmental Advocate. 1983, 49 pp, Wayburn, Edgar. Sierra Club Statesman and Leader of the Parks and Wilderness Movement: Gaining- Protection for Alaska, the Redwoods. and Golden Gate Parklands. 1985, 525 pp. Wayburn, Peggy. Author and Environmental Advocate.
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