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Druim Ba Wind Farm Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

CORE DEFINITIONS USED THROUGHOUT THIS DOCUMENT

“Blairmore Estate” or “Estate” Shown outlined in blue on Figure 1.1 and on Location Plan

“DBSE” Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Limited

“ECU” Energy Consents Unit

“EFRG” European Forest Resources Group

“EFRS” EFR (Scotland) LP

“EIA” Environmental Impact Assessment

“ES” Environmental Statement

“Site” Shown outlined in red on Figure 1.1 and on Location Plan

“S-36 Application” Section 36 Application

“the Council” The Highland Council

“the project” The Druim Ba Wind Farm

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Druim Ba Wind Farm Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Project

The project will consist of 23 turbines with internal transformers, each with a nominal capacity of about 3 MW, with a maximum hub height of 108 m and a maximum blade tip height of 149.5 m, depending on the final turbine selection.

The total installed project capacity will be 69 MW. Ancillary works will include:

a) new access point to the A831;

b) tracks and roads;

c) a permanent met mast;

d) control building and substation; and

e) a connection to the national grid.

1.2 The Site

The Site lies within the Druim Ba Forest, which is part of the Blairmore Estate. The Site is located approximately 16 kilometres south-west of Inverness and 6 kilometres north of Drumnadrochit.1 The location plan shows the Site outlined in red and the Blairmore Estate, in the ownership of EFRG, outlined in blue.2

The Site is currently occupied by commercial plantation forestry planted on former moorland in the early 1970’s and EFRG intend to continue to run their Estate as sustainable forestry.

1.3 The Applicant

The applicant is DBSE, a wholly owned subsidiary of EFRG. EFRG has been set up to produce renewable energy3 within its own forests in Europe. A subsidiary of EFRG is EFRS, the legal owner of the Blairmore Estate, the location for the project.

1.4 S-36 Application

As the project has a generating capacity exceeding 50 MW, the application has to be submitted to the Scottish Ministers for determination4. The local planning authority, the Council, will be consulted and their views will be taken into account by the Scottish Ministers, who will also invite representations from relevant statutory and non-statutory bodies.

Although the application does not fall within the scope of the planning system, it is good practice to follow planning processes, such as consulting local communities and stakeholders at an early stage. DBSE have undertaken community engagement in relation to the project.

1 Centred on OS grid reference NH 530 355 2 Figure 1.1 3 Wind, hydro and bio-mass combined heat and power (“CHP”) 4 Section 36 of the Electricity Act 1989 and The Electricity (Applications for Consent) Regulations 1990 (SSI 2000/320)

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1.5 Pre-Application Meeting with the Council and Consultees

DBSE held a meeting with the Council on 24 November 2009. The main statutory consultees, including SEPA and SNH, attended this meeting at which DBSE presented an outline of the project. The Council then provided a Pre-Application Advice Pack containing the preliminary views of the statutory consultees. These views have been taken into account in the scoping of the EIA and preparation of this ES. The Pre-Application Advice Pack is provided as Appendix 1.2.

DBSE held a meeting with the Scottish Government ECU on 15 October 2009 as part of the scoping process.

1.6 Scoping Opinion

A Request for Scoping was submitted to Scottish Ministers in January 2010. The Scoping Opinion was issued to DBSE in May 2010; a copy is attached in Appendix 1.1.

The Scoping Opinion has been the basis for the EIA.

The EIA process for the project has involved extended consultation with stakeholders and the public.

Results of the EIA are provided in the relevant chapters of this ES.

1.7 Consultation

Public meetings, exhibitions, press releases and consultations with planning and statutory and non- statutory consultees have all contributed to the development of the project and have led to design modifications.

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Druim Ba Wind Farm Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

2. ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT DOCUMENTATION

2.1 This Document

This document forms the ES presented as part of an application for consent under Section 36 of the Electricity Act 1989 for the project.

This ES sets out the results and conclusions of the EIA performed over 2009 and 2010.

2.2 Context

The purpose of this ES is to report on the environmental studies which have informed the project design. The studies have included evaluating the environmental baseline (that is, the existing environment); identifying ways in which the project might affect the environment (both for better and for worse); deciding how best to remove or reduce any adverse environmental effects and how to maximise the environmental benefits; and quantifying the likely residual environmental effects of the project. Throughout the process our specialist consultants have maintained a dialogue with the relevant authorities. Information which has arisen from the environmental studies has been continually fed back into the developing project design so as to avoid, where possible, any adverse environmental effects at source.

2.3 Structure of this ES

This ES comprises five separately bound documents and Confidential Appendices:

• Volume 1 - Non Technical Summary

• Volume 2 - Written Statement

• Volume 3 - Figures (plans, illustrations and photographs)

• Volume 4 - Appendices

• Volume 5 - Landscape and Visual Figures for the Council

The remainder of this Volume 2, the Written Statement, is structured as follows:

This chapter outlines the background to the development in terms of renewable energy policy.

Chapter 3 discusses site selection including why Druim Ba is a good location for a wind farm.

Chapter 4 describes the principal elements involved in the construction, operation and de- commissioning of the project. It also describes alternative planning and design approaches considered during the development of the project.

Chapter 5 outlines the requirements of the EIA Regulations, and explains the process undertaken in this case.

Chapter 6 provides an overview of the current EU, UK and Scottish Renewable Energy and Planning Policy.

Chapters 7 and 8 address Landscape Character and Visual Impact respectively.

Chapters 9 to 18 report the assessment of environmental effects as follows:

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Chapter 9 considers the ecological effects of the project.

Chapter 10 deals with ornithology.

Chapter 11 assesses the noise effects arising from the project.

Chapter 12 considers the likely impact of the project on cultural heritage interests.

Chapter 13 assess the effects of the project on soil and water.

Chapter 14 summarises the traffic impacts associated with the project.

Chapter 15 addresses atmospheric emissions associated with the project.

Chapter 16 examines the economic impact and the impact on tourism of the project.

Chapter 17 reports the assessment of the likely impacts of the project on telecommunications and aviation.

Chapter 18 considers the effects of shadow flicker.

Chapter 19 summarises the findings of the EIA.

2.4 The Project Team

This ES has been compiled by DBSE with advice and assistance from environmental consultants, BMT Cordah. The team identified in Table 1 undertook specialist assessments. Pen portraits for the lead consultants are provided in Appendix 2.1.

Table 1: The Project Team

Ash Design and Assessment Landscape Character, Visual Impact

BMT Cordah Ecology, Noise, Air and Climate, Telecommunications and Aviation

CFA Archaeology Cultural Heritage

Dundas & Wilson CS LLP Planning and Policy

EJ Downs Forestry Forestry

Garrad Hassan Wind resource, Wind Farm Design and Layout

Golder Associates Shadow Flicker

Halcrow Transport, Construction

Marie Mackintosh Tourism Impact Survey

Mouchel Soil and Water, Environmental Management, Waste Management, Peat Management

Natural Research (Projects) Ornithology Limited

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Steve Westbrook Economic Impact Assessment

2.5 The S-36 Application

The S-36 Application includes a letter requesting consent and deemed planning permission, a Location Plan1 showing the land to which the application relates, this ES which comprises five volumes2, and the appropriate S-36 Application fee.

The S-36 Application also includes, as separate documents:

• Planning and Policy Statement – Document 2

• Pre-Application Consultation Report – Document 6

• Design and Access Statement – Document 7

• Transport Assessment – Document 8

• Economic Impact Assessment – Document 9

• Tourism Impact Survey – Document 10

• Forestry Management Plan – Document 11

• Blairmore Estate Habitat Management Plan – Document 12

• Confidential Habitat Management Framework – Document 133

• Site Waste Management Plan – Document 14

• Site Environmental Management Plan – Document 15

• Peat Management Plan – Document 16

• Construction Method Statement – Document 17

• Operations Method Statement – Document 18

The elements of these separate documents relevant to the EIA are reported in the appropriate chapters of this ES.

1 Document 1 2 Documents 3 - 5 3 Only available to ECU and SNH

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CFA ARCHAEOLOGY LTD

The Old Engine House Eskmills Business Park Musselburgh East Lothian EH21 7PQ

Tel: 0131 273 4380 Fax: 0131 273 4381 email: [email protected] web: www.cfa-archaeology.co.uk

Author Mhairi Hastie BSc MSc MIFA FSA Scot Illustrator Editor George Mudie MA FSA Scot MIfA Commissioned by BMT Cordah Ltd Date issued January 2010 Version OASIS Reference cfaarcha1-177858 Planning Application No. Grid Ref NH 521 354

This document has been prepared in accordance with CFA Archaeology Ltd standard operating procedures.

Druim Ba Wind Farm, Highland

Cultural Heritage Assessment

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

12. CULTURAL HERITAGE

12.1 Introduction This report presents the results of a desk-based assessment and field survey that identifies the cultural heritage interests within and in the vicinity of a proposed wind farm development at Druim Ba Forest, near Drumnadrochit, Highland. The assessment has been carried out by CFA Archaeology Ltd (CFA), using data provided by the Highland Council Archaeology Unit (HCAU). Cultural heritage resources include: World Heritage Sites; Scheduled Monuments and other archaeological features; Listed Buildings and other buildings of historic or architectural importance; Conservation Areas and other significant townscapes; Gardens and Designed Landscapes and other significant historic landscapes. Those resources relevant to the proposed wind farm, and covered by this assessment, are Scheduled Monuments and other archaeological features, Listed Buildings and other buildings of historic or architectural importance and Conservation Areas. There are no World Heritage Sites within the boundaries of the proposed wind farm and no part of the proposed wind farm would lie within a Conservation Area or a Garden and Designed landscape. Issues relating to Gardens and Designed Landscapes are within the remit of the Landscape and Visual Amenity Consultant. The specific objectives of the cultural heritage study were to: Identify the cultural heritage baseline through desk-based assessment and walk-over reconnaissance field survey; Consider the proposed development site in terms of its archaeological and historic environment potential; Assess the potential and predicted effects of the development of the site on the baseline cultural heritage resource, within the context of relevant legislation and planning policy guidelines; Identify the constraints and opportunities of the development in terms of the cultural heritage resource. Figure 12.1 depicts the proposed wind farm area boundary and the locations of cultural heritage sites and features identified by the study, within this boundary. Table 2 provides a gazetteer of cultural heritage sites and features within the proposed wind farm area and an indication of the relative sensitivity of each site. Figure 12.2 shows the locations of key receptors within a 15 km radius of the proposed wind farm. A list of these receptors is provided as Table 3.

12.2 Legislative, Regulatory and Policy Context 12.2.1 Context Scotland’s historic environment contributes to the Scottish Government’s strategic objectives and to the target of improving the state of Scotland’s historic buildings, monuments and environment is identified as a national indicator and target under the National Performance Framework. The Scottish Historic Environment Policy (SHEP) sets out Scottish Minister’s policies for the historic environment, and provides policy direction for Historic Scotland and a framework that informs the day-to-day work of a range of organisations that have a role and interest in managing Scotland’s historic environment. Through the implementation of the SHEP, Scottish Ministers wish to achieve three outcomes for Scotland’s historic environment:

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1) That the historic environment is cared for, protected and enhanced for the benefit of our own and future generations. 2) To secure greater economic benefits from the historic environment. 3) That the people of Scotland and visitors to our country value, understand and enjoy the historic environment. Cultural heritage resources include sites with statutory and non-statutory designations, as defined in Scottish Planning Policy (SPP) 23: Planning and the Historic Environment. Sites with statutory designations include: Scheduled Monuments. Listed Buildings. Conservation Areas. Designated Wrecks. Sites with non-statutory designations include: World Heritage Sites. Gardens and Designed Landscapes. Historic Battlefields Other Historic Environment Interests 12.2.2 Sites with Statutory Designations Scheduled Monuments Under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 (1979 Act), the Scottish Ministers are required to compile and maintain a schedule of monuments considered to be of national importance. The consent of the Scottish Ministers is required before any works are carried out which would have the effect of demolishing, destroying, damaging, removing, repairing, altering, adding to, flooding or covering up a Scheduled Monument. In addition, impacts of proposed development works upon the setting of a Scheduled Monument form an important consideration in the granting or refusal of planning consent to conduct development works. Further information on development control procedures relating to Scheduled Monuments is provided in the SHEP, SPP 23 and in Planning Advice Note (PAN 42): Archaeology. Listed Buildings Under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997 (1997 Act), the Scottish Ministers are required to compile a list of buildings of special architectural or historic interest. Such buildings are classified into Categories A, B and C(S), in decreasing order of importance. Planning authorities and the Scottish Ministers are required to have special regard for the desirability or preserving of Listed Buildings and their settings and any features of special architectural or historic importance they possess. Scottish Government policy and guidance is also provided in SHEP and SPP23. Conservation Areas Under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Scotland Act 1997 Act, areas of special architectural or historic interest can be designated by local authorities as Conservation Areas, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance. Planning authorities are required to consider planning applications affecting the appearance, character or setting of Conservation Areas. Scottish Government policy and guidance is also provided in SHEP and SPP23.

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12.2.3 Sites with Non-Statutory Designations Other Historic Environment Interests There is a range of other non-designated archaeological sites, monuments and areas of historic interest, including battlefields, historic landscapes, other gardens and designed landscapes, woodlands and routes such as drove roads that do not have statutory protection. Sites without statutory protection are curated by the local planning authority and SPP 23 and PAN 42 provide national planning policy guidance and advice on the treatment of such resources. SPP 23 requires that planning authorities ensure that development plans provide land use policy frameworks for the protection, conservation and enhancement of the historic environment within which any development impacts can be properly assessed. PAN 42 indicates that the principle that should underlie all planning decision-making is preservation of cultural resources in situ, where possible, and by record if destruction cannot be avoided. It is recognised in the PAN that preservation may not always be possible, and where damage is unavoidable various mitigation measures may be proposed. 12.2.4 Regional and Local Planning Policy Guidance The Highland Structure Plan (2001) The Highland Council’s built and cultural heritage policies are set out in Section 2.15 of the Structure Plan. In accordance with the Plan’s strategic themes The Council will seek to preserve and promote its built heritage as a valuable tourist, recreational and educational resource wherever possible. Strategic Policy G2 (Design for sustainability) preserves archaeological sites and their settings wherever possible. If, exceptionally, this proves impossible, The Council will seek to mitigate the impact and require that features be fully recorded to professional standards before destruction, by excavation if necessary. The case for preservation applies particularly to monuments of national importance, some of which are scheduled monuments. Under Strategic Policy G6 (Conservation and promotion of the Highland heritage) The Council will seek to conserve and promote all sites and areas of Highland identified as being of a high quality in terms of archaeology or built environment. Preservation of archaeological sites is provided for under Policy BC1 which requires that archaeological sites affected by development proposals should be preserved, or, in exceptional circumstances where preservation is impossible, the sites will be recorded at developers’ expense to professional standards. Provision will be made in Local Plans for the appropriate protection, preservation and enhancement of archaeological sites. Historic gardens and designed landscapes are protected under Policy BC4 and Listed buildings and Conservation Areas under Policy BC5. Local Plans are required to contain policies for their protection and appropriate use. Inverness Local Plan (2006) General Policies that are intended to enable change whilst protecting assets are provided in the Local Plan. Under General Policy BP 2, The Council will permit development unless this would be likely to have a significantly adverse effect on, or be significantly adversely affected by, the features for which the area has been designated. Where it is concluded that any such adverse effects are likely to arise, development will only be permitted where it is considered that these would be outweighed by social or economic benefits. This Policy is supported by Policy BP 3 which states that The Council will presume against development where there would be significant damage to heritage, amenity or public health. In terms of potential impacts of development proposals on heritage assets the Local Plan undertakes to apply Structure Plan policies (p23, Section 1.49).

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12.3 Method This Cultural Heritage Study was conducted in accordance with the Institute for Archaeologists’ Code of Conduct (2006) and Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment (2001). The principal methods employed include archival and documentary research and a site visit to the proposed development area. 12.3.1 Study Area The cultural heritage study area consists of two parts. The proposed development area comprises the afforested area within which it is proposed to erect turbines. A reconnaissance field survey, which targeted previously known archaeological sites, was carried out in order to establish their character, extent and state of preservation. Sites within areas of forestry were visited where possible to check survival condition. Sites in the unafforested ground alongside the A833 on the slopes above Fanblair were also visited, to check the accuracy of recent records (Wordsworth 1995 and McCullagh 2008) of their condition and extent. A wider study area, extending to 15 km from the approximate centre of the proposed wind farm provided the study area for the identification of sites with statutory protection (and those with national or regional non-statutory designations) whose settings may be affected by the proposed development. 12.3.2 Desk-based Assessment Up-to-date information was obtained from appropriate sources on the locations and extents of cultural heritage sites with statutory protection and non-statutory designations within the proposed development site and 15 km of it. The following data was obtained: Details of the locations and extents of Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings and Gardens and Designed Landscapes within 15 km of the proposed development site were obtained from the Historic Scotland GIS download website (http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk). Information on known archaeological sites and monuments within the proposed development area was obtained from the Highland Council Historic Environment Record (HER). The data was provided in digital GIS format. Information on the character and condition of known archaeological sites and monuments within the proposed development site was obtained from the National Monuments Record of Scotland (NMRS) online resource (http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/PASTMAP/start.jsp) maintained by the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS). The information obtained from this resource has been augmented by further desk-based research and through field survey. Information on the locations and extent of Conservation Areas and other historic townscape designations was obtained from the Local Plan. Ordnance Survey maps and other historical maps held by the Map Library of the National Library of Scotland were examined, to provide information on sites of archaeological or historic environment interest and on the historic land-use development of the proposed development site. An assessment was made of the vertical aerial photograph collections held by RCAHMS. Sorties dating from 1947 to 1989 were examined. Bibliographic references (cited in existing records) and other documentary resources were consulted to provide background and historical information. The online Historic Land-Use Assessment for Scotland, maintained by the RCAHMS (http://jura.rcahms.gov.uk/HLA) was consulted for information on the historic land use character of the proposed development area. The Scottish Palaeoenvironmental Database (SPAD) (http://xweb.geos.ed.ac.uk/~ajn/spad/index.html), which provides information on sites in Scotland where the natural archives of peat bogs, mires and lochs preserve evidence of

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past environments and environmental change, was consulted for information on palaeoenvironmental data within or adjacent to the proposed development area. A list of all sources consulted during the assessment is provided at the end of this Report. 12.3.3 Reconnaissance field survey A walk-over reconnaissance field survey was undertaken of the proposed wind farm development area with the following aims: To assess the presence/absence, character and current condition of the sites, monuments and landscape features identified by the desk-based assessment. To identify any further features of cultural heritage interest not detected from the desk- based studies. To assess the topography, geomorphology and current land-use of the proposed wind farm site for its potential to contain buried remains of other archaeological sites and features. 12.3.4 Assessment of Sensitivity The assessment of sensitivity of archaeological and heritage assets reflects the relative weight which statute and policy attach to them, principally as published in Scottish Planning Policy 23 – Planning and the Historic Environment, and in Scottish Historic Environment Policy (October 2008). Table 12.1 summarises the relative sensitivity of key cultural heritage resources. Table 1: Sensitivity of Cultural Heritage Assets

Sensitivity Definition / Criteria

High Sites of national or international importance, including: World Heritage Sites Scheduled Monuments, and sites proposed for scheduling Undesignated archaeological sites and areas of likely national importance identified in HERs/SMRs Category A Listed Buildings Gardens and Designed Landscapes (Inventory sites) Outstanding Conservation Areas Designated Wreck Sites

Medium Sites of regional importance, including: Archaeological sites and areas of distinctive regional importance Archaeologically Sensitive Areas Category B listed buildings Conservation Areas

Low Sites of local Importance, including: Archaeological sites of local importance Category C(S) listed buildings Unlisted historic buildings and townscapes with local (vernacular) characteristics

Negligible Sites of little or no importance, including:

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Sites of former archaeological features Unlisted buildings of minor historic or architectural interest Poorly preserved examples of particular types of feature

12.4 Limitations of the Assessment Owing to the present land-use of much of the proposed development site as a conifer forestry plantation it was not possible to carry out a systematic field survey of the whole site. The GPS became inoperative under the tree canopy and it was not possible to navigate or record with a high degree of accuracy in that environment. Where known sites, and sites identified from historical map sources, extended into inaccessible forestry they were not surveyed to their entire extent. In these (limited) instances their former extents have been taken from the relevant historical maps or archive sources.

12.5 Baseline Conditions 12.5.1 Proposed Development Site Eighteen sites (1-18) have been identified by the baseline study within the proposed wind farm development site and one further site (19) lies just outside the development area boundary. This last site has been included in the list as it is an important site type (cup-marked rock outcrop) and it lies on the site boundary. All 19 sites have been previously recorded and detailed descriptions are available in the NMRS and Highland HER. One site (18) is a scheduled monument. Examination of historical maps (in particular the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition, published in 1875) and aerial photographic coverage provided information on three post medieval farmsteads (1, 13 and 14), including the extents of associated field banks and dykes, and the locations of associated enclosures (12 and 16). Bibliographic references, cited in the NMRS and HER records, provided detailed information on several prehistoric sites in the vicinity on Fanblair (3, 5-7, 9, 10 and 15) and full descriptions of two post-medieval farmsteads (13 and 14) as well as a description and location for one other probable post-medieval building (2). One record (4), for the 19th century discovery of an open cist, conforms in all respects to the description provided for a cairn and cist (5) identified by all researchers a short distance to the south southeast of the cited NGR. In all likelihood the two records describe the same feature. Prehistoric Sites and Features Ten of the identified sites are of prehistoric date. The earliest sites are likely to be the remains of the burial cairn/cist (5) and the cup-marked stone (19); features of probable early Bronze Age date. The poorly preserved cairn and open cist (5) occupies a prominent topographic position at around 310 m overlooking the five prehistoric settlement sites (3, 6, 7 9 and 10) and the lower ground of Glen Convinth, where there are numerous other prehistoric sites. The cup-marked rock (19) lies immediately outside the development site boundary, on a southeast facing slope with wide views over relatively high ground towards Meall na h-Eilrig, a little over 2 km distant. On the slopes below the cairn/cist (5), and above Fanblair, there is a group of four settlement sites, comprising the well-preserved remains of hut circles and associated field systems (3, 6, 7 9 and 10). These all occupy prominent positions above Glen Convinth in an open, heather moorland setting (Illustration 1) at fairly high altitude (between 250 m and 310 m) and are closely distributed over an area approximately 1km square. A short distance (600 m) south southwest of this group is a solitary hut circle with no apparent associated field system. This hut circle lies in an area of thin tree growth, close to a forest access track and not far from the public road through Glen Convinth.

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Illustration 1: View looking westwards across prehistoric field system - Site 7 (clearance cairns on near horizon). Close to the eastern boundary of the proposed development area there are records of two former cairnfields (17 and 18). These were possibly first identified in the late 19th century (Jolly 1888) and subsequently recorded by the Ordnance Survey in the 1970. Part of the former extent of one of these areas of prehistoric field clearance cairns (18a) was scheduled by Historic Scotland in 1981, after the forestry planting, which took place in the later 1970s. The scheduled area includes the remains of the hut circle and the unplanted area within the forest (Illustration 2). The remainder of the former extent of this site (18b) and an isolated group of cairns (18c) identified by the Ordnance Survey is now covered by a conifer plantation, ploughing for which is likely to have substantially, if not entirely, destroyed any former features. The cairnfield to the northeast (17) also now lies within the conifer plantation and is, similarly, likely to have substantially, if not entirely, destroyed; no trace of any cairns was found in the area during the site visit.

Illustration 2: View looking northwest across scheduled monument - Site 18a (hut circle in approximate centre of image).

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Post-medieval Sites The remains of three farmsteads (1, 13 and 14), a probable building (2), two enclosures (12 and 16) and a surviving section of old track (11) are most likely to be of post-medieval (AD1540-1900) date; the surviving buildings, and field banks and dykes, being most likely of 18th-19th century date. The old farm buildings stand in clearings within the forest and are generally in a fairly dilapidated state (Illustration 3).

Illustration 3: View of dilapidated barns at Wester Cudrish - Site 14 – looking north. 12.5.2 External Receptors The study has identified that there are 80 scheduled monuments; eight category A listed buildings, 115 category B and 65 category C(S) listed buildings; two Conservation Areas; and three Gardens and Designed Landscapes within a 15 km radius of the proposed development site. A list of these is provided as Table 12.4. The nearest scheduled monuments to the proposed development site (other than that (18a) which lies within the site) include a group of eight (4635, 11435, 11437-8, 11441, 11453, 11455 and 11458) towards Drumnadrochit and between 1 km and 3 km from the area where it is proposed to site turbines. There is also one scheduled monument (4608) approximately 1 km to the northeast, currently lying within a forestry plantation. These monuments include prehistoric settlements and field systems (similar to those within the proposed development site and described above) and burial monuments. Probably the most important cultural heritage site close to the proposed wind farm is that of Urquhart Castle, which is a scheduled monument (90309) and a category A listed building (15026) and is also a property in care of the Scottish Ministers and one of Scotland’s premier tourist attractions. Urquhart Castle is located on the Loch Ness shoreline near Drumnadrocit which is itself a Conservation Area where there is a number of listed buildings of categories B and C(S).

12.6 Constraints 12.6.1 General The guidance provided in SPP 23 and PAN 42 ( and supported by Structure Plan Policies G6 and BC1) is that preservation in situ of historical and archaeological sites where achievable is the preferred mitigation option. It is also a requirement that the setting of the historic environment be taken into account (SPP 23, para 20), in particular those of statutorily protected sites and monuments (scheduled monuments, listed buildings and gardens and designed landscapes) (SPP 23, para 33). In order to comply with the guidance and with the aim of achieving an acceptable

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement compromise between protecting cultural heritage remains in situ and within an appropriate setting and maximising the development potential of the site constraint buffers have been applied to each site that take into account their relative sensitivities. The principal constraint to development on the site is, therefore, the need, where achievable, to preserve sites in situ and retain an appropriate setting for the scheduled monument that lies within the site boundary. In terms of impacts on the settings of statutorily protected sites and monuments in the wider landscape, the key issue is likely to be the avoidance of a visual impact on the setting of Urquhart Castle, although the impact on the settings of nearby scheduled monuments and selected receptors further afield will also have to be addressed. 12.6.2 Determination of Constraint Buffers Having established the locations and extents of sites and features within the proposed development area their positions have been mapped using a combination of GPS co-ordinates, geo-referenced historical maps and previous survey data. As there is a degree of inherent inaccuracy in some of these historical sources appropriate stand-off buffers have been established around each of the sites that take into account the level of confidence of their surviving extents and sensitivities. A stand-off buffer of 200 m has been placed around the one scheduled monument (18) that is within the site boundary. This is recommended as a buffer to preserve the present forest setting of the site, the forestry providing some screening and separation of the wind farm from the scheduled monument. A 100 m radius buffer has been established around two historic farmsteads (13 and 14), the remains of a burial cairn (5), one hut circle location (15) and a cup-marked rock outcrop (19). This should be sufficient to preserve the various component parts central to the context of the individual sites. Several areas of prehistoric remains (field systems and cairnfields – 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 17, 18b and 18c) have been provided with buffers of 50 m around their estimated extents to allow for the possibility that there are associated remains outwith the previously recorded extents of those site. The linear field banks and dykes associated with the three historic farmsteads (1, 13 and 14), including two enclosures (12 and 16), have no buffers established as these features are judged to be of lesser importance and negligible sensitivity. The courses of these banks and dykes pass amongst the forest trees and though they may survive in places their integrity is likely to have been compromised by forestry ploughing and planting. It should be acceptable to cut through the courses of these features to create access tracks although it is recommended that turbines not be placed directly overlying any of these alignments.

12.7 Summary The cultural heritage baseline study has identified 18 sites of interest within the proposed development site (1-18) and one (19) on the southeast boundary. These sites have all been previously recorded and detailed descriptions were obtained from the NMRS and Highland HER. Those sites that lie within the forestry, where it is proposed to site wind turbines, were visited during the course of a site visit and their current baseline condition recorded. Sites on the periphery (e.g. 5, 7 and 19) were also visited. The locations and extents of the sites have been mapped, using information derived from a number of sources, geo-referenced and inserted into a GIS database. Constraint buffers that take into account the relative sensitivities and confidence in the known extents of the sites and features have been applied to all but the field banks and dykes. Potential cultural heritage receptors in the wider landscape have been identified and listed and the likely principal issues (the setting of Urquhart Castle and those of scheduled monuments near to the proposed development site) have been identified.

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12.8 References Aerial Photographs (vertical) Sortie Frames Date Scale CPE/UK/0296 4119 - 4113 3116 - 3113 18.09.1947 1:10,000 540/1385 0088 - 0086 16.08.1954 1:20,000 0563-067 017 - 019 061 - 063 25.05.1963 1:27,000 ASS/614/89 075 - 079 07.08.1989 1:24,000

Cartographic sources Ordnance Survey (1875) Inverness-shire Sheet XVIII six inches to one mile Ordnance Survey (1906) Inverness-shire Sheet XVIII six inches to one mile Ordnance Survey (1977) Sheet NH58SW 1: 10,000 Roy, W (1747-55) Military Survey of Scotland 1747-55 Thomson, J (1832) Atlas of Scotland

Bibliographic sources Fraser, J ‘Kiltarlity Parish, County of Inverness’. Statistical Account of Scotland 1791-99, vol. 13 p507 Fraser, C ‘Kiltarlity Parish, County of Inverness’. New Statistical Account 1845, vol.14 p483 Jolly, W 1882 ‘On cup-marked stones in the neighbourhood of Inverness; with an appendix on cup- marked stones in the Western Islands’, Proc Soc Antiq Scot, vol. 16, p351-2. McCullagh, C (2008) ‘Kiltarlity to Drumnadrochit Overhead Line: Desk-based and Walkover Survey’, Highland Archaeological Services Ltd. 14/10/2008 Wallace, T (1886) ‘Notes on ancient remains in the Beauly Valley, Inverness-shire’, Proc Soc Antiq Scot, vo.l 20, p 352 Wordsworth, J (1995) ‘An archaeological survey of a proposed plantation at Blairmore and Curdish, Glenconvinth’, (NMRS MS 961/9)

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Table 2: Gazetteer of Sites and Monuments within the Proposed Development Site.

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity 1 Blairmore Farmstead 25158 83699 NH53NW 47 / NMRS; HER; The NMRS and HER records that a farmstead, comprising one roofed building, Low MHG25697 Maps; one partially roofed long building and two unroofed buildings is depicted on the AP‟s Ordnance Survey 1st Edition (1875) and that one unroofed building is shown on the Ordnance Survey 1975. The description provided in the NMRS and HER does not fully accord with the layout of the farm buildings as depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition (1875) map. In fact, Ordnance Survey 1st Edition (1875) map (Inverness-shire sheet XVIII) depicts a roofed L-shaped building and a roofed long rectangular building arranged in a U-shape around an open courtyard, with a small square building a short distance to the NE (1a). A pond and two lades are shown to the SE of the main buildings. A short distance to the NE lies a roofed long building with a small square enclosure attached at the north end (1b). To the E of this building are two small square enclosures and a second roofed long rectangular building. Approximately 300 m further NE is another, isolated, roofed long rectangular building (1c). The ground to the west of the various buildings is depicted as cultivated ground, and there is a roughly U-shaped area on enclosed cultivated ground extending to the SE of the pond and lades. The L-shaped building and the adjacent long rectangular buildings (1a) are both still roofed on the Ordnance Survey 1906 map. The small group of buildings to the NE (1b) and the stand-alone building (1c) further NE are depicted as unroofed on the 1906 map. The 1947 and 1967 aerial photographs both show the main farmstead range as still roofed. Field survey records that the eastern, L-shaped, range (1a), which includes a mill wheel on the eastern elevation, has been externally restored and the western part of the range has been modified to provide two stand-alone structures: a garage and a gazebo. The building, which has not been internally renovated, is unoccupied. A modern two-storey farmhouse (ca 1970‟s) has been built to the SSW of the older buildings. The locations of the other buildings (1b and 1c) were not visited.

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NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity 2 Fanblair Building 25103 83660 NH53NW 69 / NMRS; HER The NMRS and HER record that a building, lying to the E of the ditch that runs Low MHG28019 along the N side of Blairmore was recorded during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). The building measures 15 m by 4 m and was possibly of turf construction on a stone footing. As the building lies to the W of the march dyke of Blairmore it must have originally been part of Fanblair. It is not depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition (1875). The HER records that no remains of the building were detected during a walkover survey in August 2008 (McCullagh 2008). The building is not depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1875 edition map. This site was not visited during this field survey. 3 Fanblair Hut circle; 25087 83612 NH53NW 21 / NMRS; HER The NMRS and HER record that set into a N-facing slope, is an ill-defined, oval Low Cairnfield; MHG3379 stone-walled hut measuring c.10m from the SW, through the „simple‟ entrance Field system in the NE and by c.8.5 m transversely between the centres of a wall spread to c.2.5 m all round. Around the hut are a number of stone clearance heaps, probably from contemporary cultivation plots (OS 1970). This hut-circle and field system was visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). Wordsworth reports that the full extent of the site, which covers about 2.7 ha, was difficult to establish although it seems to be localised along the ridge. There is a faint suggestion of broad rig on the N, extending down toward Fanblair, although this identification was considered to be tenuous. Field survey recorded that this site occupies a broad flat terrace on the NW- facing hillside. Spruce and birch trees have self seeded over the area and the site lies in an open scrubland setting. 4 Blair More Hill Cist 251 836 NH53NW 7 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that an open cist was recorded at the 300 m (1000 Negligible MHG3301 ft) contour line on Blair More Hill in 1886 (Wallace 1886). The cist was not located during later field survey carried out by the Ordnance Survey in 1964. From the description and the cited grid reference it is highly probable that the cist recorded here is in fact that identified by OS in 1970 (NH53NW 22) (see also site 5 below). 5 Fanblair Cairn; Cist 25109 83580 NH53NW 22 / NMRS / HER The NMRS and HER record that in a prominent situation, at NH 5109 3580, Low

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NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity MHG3378 & within a field system (NH53NW 12), is an almost completely destroyed cairn MHG40994 surviving as a heather-covered mound approximately 7 m in diameter and only 0.2 m high. The W arc is overlaid by a modern wall. In the centre is a cist, orientated ENE-WSW, formed by four slabs on edge, and measuring 0.9 m by 0.5 m internally. On the NNW edge of the cairn is a flat slab measuring 1.2 m by 0.6 m, probably the capstone. (OS 1970). The cairn was visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). The cairn was probably robbed in the 19th century when the boundary dyke is presumed to have been constructed although part of the kerb survives. The cist has recently been cleared out. Field survey found the now open cist which lies immediately to the S side of a modern post and wire fence which separates the afforested ground (to the south) from open heather moorland (to the north). The site is otherwise as previously described. It is probable that this cist is that described by Wallace in 1886 (NH53NW 7) (see also site 4 above). 6 Fanblair Hut circle; 25071 83581 NH53NW 20 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER records that at NH 5071 3581, on a rounded hill-top, is an Low Cairnfield MHG3380 oval stone-walled hut (Wallace 1886) measuring approximately 13 m from WNW to ESE by 11.5 m transversely between wall centres. The wall is spread to approximately 3 m at the rear splaying to 4.5 m at the “clubbed” entrance in the ESE. The NE arc is mutilated. Outside the entrance is part of a saddle quern, described by Wallace as a “rubbing” stone. There are several stone clearance heaps in the vicinity of the hut but rig and furrow cultivation, the furrows stopping short of or going round the heaps, has destroyed details of cultivation plots. (OS 1970).The hut-circle and field system, covering about 1.1 ha, was visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). The cultivation seems to follow a small terrace and the boundary of the rig is possibly marked by a dyke. Fields survey recorded that this site is well-preserved and as described by Wallace and Wordsworth and occupies a heather covered rounded hill-top overlooking the Allt Dearg to Ardblair, to the west. 7 Fanblair Hut circle; 25096 83572 NH53NW 12 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record a stone-walled hut with field system reported by Low Field system MHG3296 & Wallace (1886). The Ordnance Survey (1970) describe the site as a hut circle MHG40358 measuring approximately 13 m in diameter between the centres of a wall spread to approximately 3 m all round. There is no evidence of an entrance –

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NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity the E arc being mutilated. The field system is marked by stone clearance heaps, occasional field walls and lynchets, best defined in the area to the NW of the hut where a typical plot measures about 30 m by 20 m. The site, which covers about 6.9 ha, was visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995) and found to be largely as previously described, although thick heather cover prevented identification of individual plots and most of the field walls. The clearance heaps appear to lie above the 300 m contour and there appears to be a sharp division between the cultivated area and the wet flushes to the W, S and E. Field survey recorded that the site survives as previously described and is well- preserved. The hut circle occupies a pronounced low knoll in an area of heather moorland and the field system extends around this slight summit. 8 Fanblair Natural feature 25101 83558 NH53NW 16 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record a hut-circle, visible on aerial photographs from None MHG3292 1954, detected by RCAHMS. The Ordnance Survey (1969) described the site as a vegetation mark and not a hut-circle. The site of this record was not visited directly during the field survey as it lay beyond a deer fence through which there was no access at the time. 9 Fanblair Hut circle; 25060 83550 NH53NW 19 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that the Ordnance Survey (1970) reported the site Low Field system MHG3289 as centred at NH 506 355 and comprised of two stone-walled huts (A & B) with associated field system. Hut „A‟ is mutilated and measures approximately 15 m E- W by 13.5 m transversely between the centres of a wall spread to approximately 3 m at the rear and splaying to 4.5 m at the „clubbed‟ entrance in the E. The N arc is reduced. Hut „B‟ is set into a S-facing slope. The hut, which is ill-defined, is circular in plan, measuring approximately 10 m in diameter between the centres of a wall of indefinite width. An earth-fast stone block is incorporated in the E arc. There is no evidence of an entrance. The field system, marked by stone clearance heaps, occasional field walls and lynchets, is partly overlaid by rig and furrow cultivation which has destroyed detailed of plots. The site, which covers about 3.8 ha, was later visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). In addition to the sites noted above, a third hut-circle was found, terraced into the hillside close to hut-circle „B‟. Heather cover obscures the walls of the hut-circle although the entrance is visible on the SE. It was not measured but appears to be of similar size to hut circle „B‟. Broad rig is visible on the W of the area and there are slight traces of

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity an enclosure wall, following the contour, which is particularly evident on the W. The site of this record was not visited directly during the field survey as it lies outwith the area ascribed for development. As with the other similar sites in this heather moorland it can reasonably be supposed that the remains survive as previously described. 10 Fanblair Hut circle; 25030 83570 NH53NW 15 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER records that the Ordnance Survey (1970) reported that, Low Field system MHG3293 centred at NH 503 357 on a rounded hill-top, is a settlement of three stone- walled huts (A-C) with associated field system. Each hut is oval with the wall spread to a regular width all round. The hut dimensions are given between wall centres. Hut circle „A‟, set into a N-facing slope, measures c. 10.5 m NNW to SSE by c. 9.5 m transversely with the wall spread to c. 2.5 m. Two or three facing stones can be seen in the S arc. An ill-defined gap in the NNW may be the entrance. A stone clearance heap against the S arc of the hut has spilled over the wall but this may be due to mutilation. Hut circle „B‟ is set into a southerly slope and measures c. 11 m WNW-ESE and c. 10 m transversely with the wall spread to c. 3 m. The entrance, an ill-defined gap, is in the ESE between the excavated and built up areas of the hut. Hut circle „C‟ seen on aerial photographs is mutilated and measures 12.5 m WNW-ESE by c.10 m transversely with the wall spread to c. 3 m. There is no evidence of an entrance. The field system, marked by stone clearance heaps (described by Wallace (1886) as „tumuli‟) and lynchets, is best defined in the S where a typical plot measures about 30 m by 20 m. The site, covering about 3.8 ha, was visited during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth). Deep heather now obscures much of the area hindering identification of individual fields. Hut-circle „B‟ can only be identified from the previous description whilst hut-circle „C‟ is completely overgrown with young birch. The field-system does not appear to extend downslope to this state. No archaeological remains could be detected during a walkover survey in August 20008 due to thick vegetation cover. The site of this record was not visited directly during the field survey as it lies

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity outwith the area ascribed for development. As with the other similar sites in this heather moorland it can reasonably be supposed that the remains survive as previously described. 11 Allt Dearg Track 25042 83522 NH53NW 70 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that a track, running from the E bank of the Allt Negligible MHG28020 Dearg NNE over the hillside, was noted during a pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995). The track is not depicted on either the Ordnance Survey 1st or 2nd Edition maps (1875 and 1903). Not visited by this survey 12 Easter Cudrich Field system 25065 83515 NH53NW 60 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that a field-system is depicted on the Ordnance Negligible MHG25713 Survey 1st Edition map (1875) and on the Ordnance Survey 1975. A pre- afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995) recorded that although now in conifer plantation, traces of the wall of this field-system are still visible. The Ordnance Survey 1875, 1906 and 1977 edition maps depict a four- compartmented enclosure. A second enclosure is depicted immediately to the south. The 1906 map shows them as cleared. The enclosures are visible on the 1947 aerial photograph. Field survey located remains of the earth and stone banks that surrounded these plots on the edge of a clear felled area but extending into a standing plantation. The banks survive as low banks up to 0.5 m high and 1 m wide. They have been somewhat mutilated by forestry ploughing and planting and the circuit is incomplete and difficult to trace through conifer woodland. 13 Easter Cudrish Farmstead; 25075 83482 NH53SW 23 / NMRS / HER The NMRS and HER record that a farmstead, comprising five roofed buildings Low Steading Cruck framed MHG17534 and one unroofed building is depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition map building; (1875). Three roofed buildings and one unroofed building are shown on the Horse-engine Ordnance Survey 1975 map. platform Pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995) recorded that the farm survives as an L-shaped steading with a small two-storey farmhouse that is still roofed with tiles. There are the remains of an earlier cruck-framed farmhouse to the E which measures at least 7 m by 5 m and the crucks appear to have been set 3 m apart. At the N end of the W side of the steading there are the remains of a horse-mill measuring 6m in diameter.

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity The HER records that the site was visited by local researcher, Eddie Freeman, in September 2008. The farmhouse has been stripped of its slate roof and the wooden boards and dormer are deteriorating. No roof remains on the once extensive steading. The horse mill mentioned above is only apparent by a raised platform. Records by R. Pape, Farley and Beauly show that the steading was still inhabitable at the end of the 2nd World War (no ref for the source on the HER site). Highland Council HER holds an archive of six photographs of the farmstead both external and internal shots (Freeman, E 09/2008 Photographs and other information re Easter and Wester Curdish Crofts. The Ordnance Survey 1875 edition map depict five roofed rectangular buildings and what may be one unroofed rectangular building or enclosure. By the time of the Ordnance Survey 1906 edition map, only three buildings are depicted. The Ordnance Survey 1977 edition map depicts a roofed L-shaped range, with three associated buildings. Five roofed buildings, with an attached enclosure to the south, are visible on the 1947 aerial photograph. The farmstead is shown as roofed on the 1967 aerial photograph. Oblique photographs, taken in 1997, show the L-shaped range as ruinous; as is a second building to the south west. A cottage (one of the associated buildings, depicted on the 1977 map, situated to the west of the L-range) is roofed. An enclosure wall extends south-westwards from the L-shaped steading. Field survey recorded that the farmstead remains are as previously described. 14 Wester Farmstead; 25063 83442 NH53SW 24 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER records that the farm survives as an L-shaped steading Low Cudrish Horse engine MHG17535 with a roofless farmhouse facing SE. There are traces of a horse-mill on the Steading platform NW corner of the steading. Some of the buildings depicted on the Ordnance Survey 2nd Edition map (1903) cannot now be seen though they may survive under the trees (Wordsworth 1995). The site was visited by local researcher Eddie Freeman in September 2008. The house is ruinous and unroofed with the walls partially tumbled. The main steading is roofed but collapse is imminent at one part. The second steading is roofless with tumbling walls. The horse mill and gearing is almost complete. An older building outline is visible to the north of the house under the trees.

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity (see above Site 13 for info on habitation) The Highland Council HER holds an archive of 19 photographs of the steading, both external and internal shots (Freeman E 09/2008). The Ordnance Survey 1875 edition map depicted eight roofed buildings, associated with a small enclosure. The Ordnance Survey 1906 edition map shows four roofed buildings and two unroofed buildings and the Ordnance Survey 1977 edition depicts two roofed and four unroofed buildings. The farmstead and horse engine are visible on the 1947 aerial photograph. The 1997 oblique aerial photograph shows a ruinous L-shaped range, and associated ruinous cottage. The horse-engine is visible on the west elevation of the L-shaped range. Field survey recorded that the farmstead remains are as previously described. 15 Easter Cudrish Hut circle 250335 834956 NH53SW 8 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that the Ordnance Survey (OS 1970) reported that, Low MHG3356 at NH 5030 3493, near the foot of a W-facing slope, is a denuded oval stone- walled hut. It is visible as a platform brought to level by a turf-covered wall spread c. 2 m, measuring c. 9 m N-S by c. 8 m transversely between its centres. The entrance is not evident. There is no trace of contemporary cultivation. The site was visited during pre-afforestation survey (Wordsworth 1995) and found to be as previously described. A further survey (McCullagh 2008) failed to locate this site due to thick vegetation cover The site of this record was not visited directly during the field survey as it lies outwith the area ascribed for development. As with the other similar sites in this heather moorland it can reasonably be supposed that the remains survive as previously described. 16 Blairmore Enclosure; 2521 8363 NH53NW 59 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that a large enclosure or field and a sheepfold are Negligible Sheepfold MHG25712 & depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1st Edition map (1875). Three enclosures MHG44292 are shown on the Ordnance Survey 1975. The sheepfold is not depicted on the Ordnance Survey 1906 edition map and the 1977 map shows that large enclosure divided into roughly equal compartments.

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity The enclosure is visible on the 1947 aerial photographs. Field survey recorded that the area within which the enclosure lies is now covered by dense conifer plantation. Part of the enclosure bank was identified on the SE side of an area of open ground and bordering a forestry compartment. The earth and stone enclosure bank was recorded as surviving at this point as a substantial earthwork up to 1.2 m high and up to 2 m wide. The bank was not be traced through its entire circuit as it continues into the dense conifer plantation. 17 Druim Ba Cairnfield 2534 8357 NH53NW 25 NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER records that, centred at NH 534 357, is an area of stone Negligible clearance heaps, similar to those associated with Iron Age settlement, but no plots were discerned and no huts located (OS 1970). Field survey recorded that this location is now within a mature conifer forestry plantation that was planted in the late 1970s. The ground beneath the forestry has been deep ploughed prior to planting. No trace of the former cairnfield could be located within the woodland. 18 Druim Ba Field system; 25284 83476 NH53SW 12 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER records that in the immediate neighbourhood of the cup- High Hut circle MHG3364 & marked stone (NH53SW 9) are numerous „grave mounds‟ and hut circles (Jolly MHG39896 1888). It is later recorded (OS 1970) that at NH 5284 3476, near the foot of the SE-facing slopes of Druim Ba, is a stone-walled hut (18a), with a field system extending along the slopes to the N (18b). The hut, set into the slope, is circular measuring approximately 12.5 m in diameter between wall centres but is too ill-defined for the wall thickness to be determined. The „simple‟ entrance, in the E, is mutilated and approximately 2 m wide. The field system is marked by stone clearance heaps (the „grave mounds‟ referred to by Jolly) lynchets and ruinous walls, with fields averaging about 35 m by 20 m. Centred at NH 523 346 is an isolated group of about twenty stone clearance heaps (18c), possibly also associated with the hut. Part of the former extent of this site is a scheduled monument (18a). Field survey recorded that the scheduled area is defined by the extent of a clear area within the forestry plantation. At the NGR cited in the NMRS there is a hut platform approximately 15 m in diameter (partly revetted into the hill slope) and at the foot of the hill is a roughly rectangular enclosure approximately 20 m SW- NE by 25-30 m NW-SE, defined by a low turf bank approximately 1 m wide and

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

NMRS / Site Ref Site name Site type Easting Northing Source Site description HER no sensitivity up to 0.4 m high. The area is much overgrown with rank grass and self-seeded spruce trees are appearing within the clearing. Due to the vegetation cover it was not possible to identify any clearance heaps, nor other field banks and/or lynchets. (Note: The citation in the NMRS (above) is incorrect and should read: Jolly, W. (1882) 'On cup-marked stones in the neighbourhood of Inverness; with an appendix on cup-marked stones in the Western Islands', Proc Soc Antiq Scot Vol. 16 1881-2, p.300-401) 19 Rivoulich Cup-marked 25271 83452 NH53SW 9 / NMRS, HER The NMRS and HER record that a rough stone bearing 14 cup-marks lies at the Low stone MHG3355 bottom of a march dyke, on the rough elevated road between Abriachan (NH 55 35) and Drumadrochit, about half a mile N by E of Rivulich farmhouse. Jolly (1882) records that the cup-marked stone „lies in the centre of an old inhabited part, now under cultivation, an upland green oasis between Glenurquhart and Abriachan‟. Field survey carried out by the Ordnance Survey in 1970 records the cup-marked stone at ND 5271 3452 and being as described by Jolly 1882. Field survey located the cup-marked stone which lies as described to the SE side of the march dyke (outside the Druim Ba forest boundary) and on the north side of a small open copse of trees. The bedrock slab, which measures approximately 2 m by 2 m, is inclined at a slight angle facing SE and there is an extensive view from its location, south-eastwards over the farmstead of Achpopuli towards Meall na h-Eilrig.

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Table 3: List of External Receptors within 15 km radius.

Ref No Site Name Status

932 Balblair Stone, symbol stone, Moniak Castle Wineries Scheduled Monument

1665 Castle Hill,henge Scheduled Monument

1682 Gilchrist,Old Church of Kilchrist Scheduled Monument

2392 Carn Glas, chambered cairns 815m SE of Achvraid Scheduled Monument

2422 Dun Garbhlaich,fort,Kilmorack Scheduled Monument

2423 Dun Mor,fort,Ballindoun Scheduled Monument

2424 Dun a Chliabhain,fort Scheduled Monument

2425 Culburnie,ring cairn & stone circle Scheduled Monument

2435 Belladrum, chambered cairn 480m NW of Scheduled Monument

3078 Holme Mains, motte 210m SE of Scheduled Monument

3098 Torbreck, stone circle SW of Scheduled Monument

3104 Leachkin, chambered cairn Scheduled Monument

3107 Dun Mor,fort Scheduled Monument

3127 Windhill,standing stone NNE of Scheduled Monument

3128 Windhill,standing stone N of Scheduled Monument

3194 Belladrum Home Farm,chambered cairn WNW of Scheduled Monument

3195 Corff House,fort SW of Scheduled Monument

3196 Tom na Croiseige,motte Scheduled Monument

3613 Achculin,depopulated township,Loch Ness Scheduled Monument

3806 Torvean,motte 270m N of Torvean Croft Scheduled Monument

Druim Ba,hut circle & field system 700m E of Loch na 4335 Cuilce Scheduled Monument

4501 Tom Buidhe, enclosure 480m NNE of Ruthven Scheduled Monument

4532 Ceapmaol,settlement 300m ENE of Scheduled Monument

4538 Farraline,enclosure 780m NE of Scheduled Monument

4608 Lochlait,settlement & field systems 400m N of Scheduled Monument

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

4635 Garbeg Cottage, burial mounds 920m NNE of Scheduled Monument

4653 Castle Spynie,broch Scheduled Monument

4729 Phoineas Hill,enclosure 900m ESE of Phoineas House Scheduled Monument

4744 Auchvaich,chambered cairn 650m W of Scheduled Monument

4979 Dun Mor,fort Scheduled Monument

5004 Erchless Castle,dun 650m WNW of Scheduled Monument

5142 Borlum,ring-ditch 170m NE of Scheduled Monument

5212 Dun Fhamhair,fort Scheduled Monument

5416 South Clunes,lime kiln 500m S of Muir of Clunes Scheduled Monument

5417 Caledonian Canal,Dochgarroch Lock Scheduled Monument

5570 Kiltarlity Old Parish Church Scheduled Monument

5808 Craig Mony,fort Scheduled Monument

6220 Dun Scriben,fort Scheduled Monument

6498 Caledonian Canal,Loch Ness - Dochgarroch Lock Scheduled Monument

6499 Caledonian Canal,Dochgarroch Lock - Muirtown Locks Scheduled Monument

7816 Phopachy, crannog 540m NNW of Scheduled Monument

'Crusader', remains of speedboat in Loch Ness, near 11070 Achnahannet Scheduled Monument

Ballachar, settlement, hut circles and field systems 275m 11431 NNW of Scheduled Monument

11434 Shenval, settlement Scheduled Monument

11435 Clachmhor, cup-marked stone Scheduled Monument

Dalcrombie, hut circles, settlement & field system 300m 11436 NNW of Scheduled Monument

11437 Garbeg, settlement 1160m NNW of Garbeg Cottage Scheduled Monument

11438 Garbeg Cottage, settlement 1250m N of Scheduled Monument

Culnakirk Burn, burnt mounds 540m NNW of Garbeg 11441 Cottage Scheduled Monument

11453 Upper Drumbuie, burnt mound 230m NNE of Scheduled Monument

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

Loch nam Faoileag, hut circles 730m NNW of Wester 11455 Balnagrantach Scheduled Monument

11456 Achratagan, hut circle and cairnfield 790m NNE of Scheduled Monument

11458 Loch nam Bat, still 1790m N of Wester Balnagrantach Scheduled Monument

11476 Ruthven, crannog 610m NNE of Scheduled Monument

11490 Loch Ruthven, crannog 490m SSW of Tullich Scheduled Monument

Druimantorran, hut circles and field system 1525m NE 11500 and 1460m ENE of Scheduled Monument

Leadclune, cairn 1115m E of, Creag Innis an Daimh 11540 Dhuibh Scheduled Monument

11541 Mains of Aberarder, fort 270m S of Scheduled Monument

Clachandruim, three hut circles 540m, 680m and 750m 11543 WSW of Scheduled Monument

Crow Wood Cottage, chambered cairn and standing 11546 stones 265m W of Scheduled Monument

11551 West Town, ring cairn 240m SW of Scheduled Monument

11552 Baile na Creige, cairns 185m SSW and 175m SSE of Scheduled Monument

11553 Midtown, burnt mounds 850m NNE of Scheduled Monument

11554 Red Cottage, pit circle 780m S of Scheduled Monument

11561 Achvraid, hut circles 1030m SSE of Scheduled Monument

11613 Tullich, settlements 760m NNE of Scheduled Monument

11710 Torness Cottage, two hut circles 300m SSW of Scheduled Monument

11786 Achvraid, hut circles 800m SE of Scheduled Monument

11799 Achnabat, cairn 960m N of Scheduled Monument

11800 Torness, cairn 305m NNW of Scheduled Monument

11813 West Town, five hut circles 480m WSW of Scheduled Monument

11817 Caisteal an Dunriachaidh, fort 1520m N of Achnabat Scheduled Monument

Ruthven, hut circles, field systems and burnt mounds 11826 1200m S of Scheduled Monument

11827 Achnabat, hut circle 815m NNE of Scheduled Monument

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Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

11828 Achnabat, hut circle 1065m N of Scheduled Monument

11880 Tom-a'-Caisteal, castle 400m S of Kirkton Scheduled Monument

11884 Dun Deardail, forts 410m and 520m ENE of Fasnagruig Scheduled Monument

90031 Beauly Priory,priory and burial ground Scheduled Monument

90081 Corrimony, chambered cairn 600m ESE of Scheduled Monument

90309 Urquhart Castle Scheduled Monument

535 Aldourie Castle Category A listed building

7129 Beauly Priory Category A listed building

7815 Kirkhill, St Mary's Church Category A listed building

7815 Kirkhill, Old Wardlaw Parish Church, Graveyard Category A listed building

8028 Dochfour House Category A listed building

8068 Beaufort Castle Category A listed building

8083 Lovat Bridge Category A listed building

15026 Urquhart Castle Category A listed building

534 Abersky Farmhouse Category B listed building

539 Farraline House Category B listed building

540 Farraline House Category B listed building

540 Farraline House, Walled Garden Category B listed building

542 Mains of Gorthleck Category B listed building

544 Tigh-na-Coille Category B listed building

544 Tigh-na-Coille, Steading Category B listed building

1682 Dunmaglass Bridge Category B listed building

1697 Aberarder House Category B listed building

1704 Dunlichity Parish Church of Scotland Category B listed building

1704 Dunlichity Parish Church of Scotland, Burial Ground Category B listed building

1704 Dunlichity Parish Church of Scotland, Watch-House Category B listed building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 24

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

1847 Boleskine, Old Boleskine Parish Church Category B listed building

1847 Boleskine, Old Boleskine Church, Burial Ground Category B listed building

1847 Boleskine, Old Boleskine Church, Watch House Category B listed building

1849 Boleskine House Category B listed building

1850 Boleskine House, Stables Category B listed building

1852 Foyers Cemetery, Jane Fraser Memorial Obelisk Category B listed building

1870 Inverfarigaig Bridge Category B listed building

1871 Inverfarigaig Pier Category B listed building

1877 Boleskine House, Gate Lodge Category B listed building

1880 Foyers, British Aluminium Factory Category B listed building

1881 Foyers, Lower Foyers Bridge Category B listed building

7102 Lovat Bridge, Corffhouse Category B listed building

7103 Struy Primary School and Schoolhouse Category B listed building

7106 Beauly, High Street, Bank of Scotland Category B listed building

7111 Beauly, St Mary's Roman Catholic Church Category B listed building

7111 Beauly, St Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Presbytery Category B listed building

7111 Beauly, St Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Burial Ground Category B listed building

7112 Beauly, Wellhouse Farm Category B listed building

7117 Eileanaigas House Category B listed building

7122 Kilmorack, Kilmorack Gallery Category B listed building

7122 Kilmorack, West Parish Church, Graveyard Category B listed building

7124 Kilmorack Manse Category B listed building

7124 Kilmorack Steading Category B listed building

7125 Aigas House Category B listed building

7130 Beauly, Beauly Hotel Category B listed building

7133 Beauly, 52 High Street Category B listed building

7807 Achnagairn House Category B listed building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 25

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

7808 Achnagairn House, East Lodge Category B listed building

7809 Achnagairn House, West Lodge Category B listed building

7810 Balblair House Category B listed building

7811 Dunballoch Category B listed building

7812 Englishton House Category B listed building

7813 Kirkhill, Wardlaw Parish Church of Scotland Category B listed building

7814 Kirkhill, Wardlaw Parish Church of Scotland, Manse Category B listed building

7817 Lentran House Category B listed building

7818 Moniack Castle Category B listed building

7819 Newton House, Dovecot Category B listed building

7820 Phopachy House Category B listed building

7821 Reelig House Category B listed building

7821 Reelig House, Walled Garden Category B listed building

8032 Bona Church of Scotland Category B listed building

8032 Bona Church, Manse Category B listed building

8034 Caledonian Canal, Bona Lighthouse Category B listed building

Inverness, Leachkin Road, Northern Counties District 8037 Lunatic Asylum Category B listed building

8044 Dochgarroch, Dunain Lodge Category B listed building

8047 Dunain House Category B listed building

8056 Darochville Category B listed building

8061 Dochfour House, East Drive, Lodge Category B listed building

8062 Dochfour House, Farm Steading Category B listed building

8063 Dochfour House, Burial-Ground and Obelisk Category B listed building

8064 Dochfour House, Dairy Category B listed building

8067 Dochgarroch House Category B listed building

8069 Beaufort Castle, East Lodge Category B listed building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 26

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

8071 Beaufort Castle, Gardener's Cottage Category B listed building

8072 Beaufort Castle, Walled Garden Category B listed building

8073 Beaufort Castle, Home Farm Steading Category B listed building

8074 Belladrum House, Gazebo Category B listed building

8075 Belladrum, The Temple Category B listed building

8076 Eskadale, St Mary's Church, Stables Category B listed building

8078 Kiltarlity Parish Church Category B listed building

8079 Kiltarty, Free Church Manse Category B listed building

8080 Kiltarty Free Church of Scotland Category B listed building

8081 Kiltarlity, Old Parish Church Category B listed building

8082 Kiltarlity, Rivendell Category B listed building

8084 Phoineas House Category B listed building

8086 Struy Bridge Category B listed building

8094 Belladrum House, Walled Garden Category B listed building

8094 Belladrum House, Gardener's Cottage Category B listed building

8095 Belladrum Steading Category B listed building

8096 Belladrum, 1 - 2 Farm Cottages Category B listed building

8096 Belladrum, 3 Farm Cottages Category B listed building

8096 Belladrum, 4 Farm Cottages Category B listed building

8096 Belladrum, 5 - 6 Farm Cottages Category B listed building

8098 Phoineas House, Lodge Category B listed building

8100 Erchless Castle Category B listed building

8101 Erchless Castle, Stable and Steading Category B listed building

8102 Erchless Castle, Walled Garden Category B listed building

8104 Eskadale House Category B listed building

8105 Eskadale, St Mary's R.C. Church Category B listed building

8105 Eskadale, St Mary's R.C. Church, Burial Ground Category B listed building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 27

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

8108 Struy, Erchless Church of Scotland Manse Category B listed building

14021 Tarradale Mains, Dovecot and Steading Remains Category B listed building

14022 Tomich House Category B listed building

14024 Dunmore, Cottage Category B listed building

14037 Kilchrist Church Category B listed building

15002 Kilmartin Hall Category B listed building

15003 Lochletter Bridge Category B listed building

15004 Drumnadrochit, Benleva Hotel Category B listed building

15007 Drumnadrochit, Dhivach Lodge Category B listed building

15008 Drumnadrochit, Drumnadrochit Hotel Category B listed building

15009 Drumnadrochit, Glenurquhart Secondary School Category B listed building

Drumnadrochit, Glenurquhart Secondary School, West 15009 Schoolhouse Category B listed building

Drumnadrochit, Glenurquhart Secondary School, East 15009 Schoolhouse Category B listed building

15010 Drumnadrochit, Greenlea Category B listed building

15011 Drumnadrochit, Kilmore Parish Church of Scotland Category B listed building

15014 Mill Of Tore, Corn Mill and Kiln Category B listed building

15014 Mill Of Tore, Mill Cottage and Byre Category B listed building

15015 Glenurquhart, Shewglie Category B listed building

18964 Aultvaich, Corrie Vanie Category B listed building

42470 Bridgend Farmhouse with Byre Category B listed building

49223 Brachla, Aa Sentry Box (No 631) Category B listed building

49635 Beauly, High Street, Market Cross Category B listed building

49692 Lochletter Farm, Garden Pavilion Category B listed building

Category C(S) listed 7127 Crask Of Aigas, Druim Cottage building

Category C(S) listed 536 Aldourie Castle, Gatepiers building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 28

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

Category C(S) listed 537 Dores Parish Church building

Category C(S) listed 538 Dores Village, Drumashie Lodge building

Category C(S) listed 541 Gorthleck House building

Category C(S) listed 543 Leadclune building

Category C(S) listed 7104 Beauly, The Square, Ardmor House building

Category C(S) listed 7105 Beauly, The Square, Culach House building

Category C(S) listed 7107 Beauly, 25 Ferry Road building

Category C(S) listed 7107 Beauly, 23 Ferry Road, Hawthorn building

Category C(S) listed 7108 Beauly, 27 Ferry Road, Roselea building

Category C(S) listed 7109 Beauly, 29 Ferry Road, Cherry Tree Cottage building

Category C(S) listed 7110 Beauly, Station Road, Netherdale building

Category C(S) listed 7123 Kilmorack, Old Burial Ground building

Category C(S) listed 7126 Aigas House, Lodge building

Category C(S) listed 7128 Balblair, Free Church building

Category C(S) listed 7131 Beauly, High Street, Westlea building

Category C(S) listed 7132 Beauly, 3 - 4 High Street building

Category C(S) listed 7134 Beauly, The Square, 1 Priory Court building

Category C(S) listed 7135 Beauly, The Square, 2 Priory Court building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 29

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

Category C(S) listed 7135 Beauly, The Square, 3 Priory Court building

Category C(S) listed 7136 Beauly, The Square, 4-7 Priory Court building

Category C(S) listed 7136 Beauly, The Square, 5-6 Priory Court building

Category C(S) listed 7136 Beauly, The Square, 8-10 Priory Court building

Category C(S) listed 7137 Beauly, The Square, Commercial Hotel building

Category C(S) listed 7138 Beauly, The Square, Beaufort House building

Category C(S) listed 7139 Beauly, The Square, Matheson's Property building

Category C(S) listed 7816 Kirkton, Farnaway Church and Graveyard building

Category C(S) listed 7822 Reelig House, Gate Lodge building

Category C(S) listed 7823 Moniack Bridge building

Category C(S) listed 8029 Abriachan, Balbeg Mill building

Category C(S) listed 8033 Caledonian Canal, Dochgarroch Lock-Keeper's House building

Category C(S) listed 8033 Caledonian Canal, Dochgarroch Lock, The Smithy building

Category C(S) listed 8043 Dochfour, Bona Free Church building

Category C(S) listed 8043 Dochfour, Bona Free Church, Churchyard building

Category C(S) listed 8045 Drumdevan House building

Category C(S) listed 8048 Dunain Park building

Category C(S) listed 8052 Killianan Burial Ground building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 30

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

Category C(S) listed 8065 Dochfour House, Gardener's Cottage building

Category C(S) listed 8065 Dochfour House, Walled Garden building

Category C(S) listed 8066 Dochfour, Church Cottage building

Category C(S) listed 8070 Beaufort Castle, West Lodge building

Category C(S) listed 8077 Eskadale, St Mary's Church, Chapel House building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, South East Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, East Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, North East Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables aAnd Steading, North Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, North West Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, West Range building

Category C(S) listed 8085 Phoineas, Stables and Steading, South Range building

Category C(S) listed 8097 Belladrum Farm Henhouse building

Category C(S) listed 8099 Convinth, Old Parish Church, Burial Ground building

Category C(S) listed 8103 Erchless Castle, Burial Ground building

Category C(S) listed 14993 Drumnadrochit, Allanmore building

Category C(S) listed 15001 Glenurquhart, Free Church building

Category C(S) listed 15005 Drumnadrochit, Bridge building

CFA Archaeology Ltd 31

Druim Ba Wind Power Project Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd Environmental Statement

Ref No Site Name Status

Category C(S) listed 15006 Drumnadrochit, Cnocan Burra Burial Ground building

Category C(S) listed 15012 Drumnadrochit, Old Kilmore Burial Ground building

Category C(S) listed 15013 Drumnadrochit, Temple Cottages building

Category C(S) listed 15018 Glen Urquhart, St Ninian's Church building

Category C(S) listed 47970 Beaufort Castle, The Coach House building

Category C(S) listed 49020 Crask Of Aigas, Smithy Cottage building

Category C(S) listed 50029 Errogie, Former United Free Church building

Category C(S) listed 50029 Errogie, Former United Free Church, Boundary Walls building

Category C(S) listed 50031 Errogie, Corrugated-Iron Cottage building

Beauly Conservation Area

Drumnadrochit Conservation Area

Garden / Designed Aldourie Castle Landscape

Garden / Designed Beaufort Castle Landscape

Garden / Designed Dochfour Landscape

CFA Archaeology Ltd 32

Key:

Fig. No: Revision: 1 A Title: Cultural Heritage: Constraints

Project: Druim Ba Wind Power Project

Scale: 1:20,000 @ A3

Client: Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd The copyright in this document (including its electronic form) shall remain vested in CFA Archaeology Ltd (CFA) but the Client shall have a licence to copy and use the document for the purpose for which it was provided. CFA shall not be liable for the use by any person of this Reproduced with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office, © Crown copyright. Drawn by: Report No: document for any purpose other than that for which the same was provided by CFA. This document shall not be reproduced in whole or in part or relied upon by third parties for any use whatsoever without the express written authority of CFA. CFA Archaeology Ltd, Old Engine House, Eskmills Park, Musselburgh EH21 7PQ AL100034785 SW Key:

Fig. No: Revision: 2 A Title: Cultural Heritage: External Receptors

Project: Druim Ba Wind Power Project

Scale: 1:110,000 @ A3

Client: Druim Ba Sustainable Energy Ltd The copyright in this document (including its electronic form) shall remain vested in CFA Archaeology Ltd (CFA) but the Client shall have a licence to copy and use the document for the purpose for which it was provided. CFA shall not be liable for the use by any person of this Reproduced with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office, © Crown copyright. Drawn by: Report No: document for any purpose other than that for which the same was provided by CFA. This document shall not be reproduced in whole or in part or relied upon by third parties for any use whatsoever without the express written authority of CFA. CFA Archaeology Ltd, Old Engine House, Eskmills Park, Musselburgh EH21 7PQ AL100034785 SW