The Materials Science Beamline at the Swiss Light Source: Design and Realization
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Particle Accelerator Activities at the Paul Scherrer Institut
PSI Bericht Nr. 17-07 December 2017 Particle Accelerator Activities at the Paul Scherrer Institut Terence GARVEY Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland 5232 Division of Large Research Infrastructures Invited paper presented at Les Journées Accélérateurs de la Société Française de Physique, Roscoff, 3rd – 6th October, 2017. Resumé Les Activités Accélérateur à l’Institut Paul Scherrer. L'Institut Paul Scherrer exploite deux complexes d'accélérateurs en tant que ‘centre- serveurs’ pour une grande communauté de chercheurs. Il s'agit de l'Accélérateur de Protons à Haute Intensité (HIPA) et de la Source de Lumière Suisse (SLS). HIPA est un cyclotron à protons de 590 MeV. Il sert à produire des neutrons par spallation pour la recherche en physique de la matière condensée et à produire des muons et d'autres particules secondaires pour la recherche en magnétisme et en physique des particules. Le SLS est un anneau de stockage d’électrons de 2,4 GeV utilisé comme source de rayonnement synchrotron de 3ème génération fournissant des photons pour une large gamme de disciplines scientifiques. En plus de ces deux installations, l'Institut met progressivement en service un laser à électrons libres en rayons X (SwissFEL) qui fournira aux chercheurs des impulsions femto-seconde intenses à partir d’une ligne de rayons X ‘dur’ (ARAMIS) et de rayons X ‘mou’ (ATHOS). L'Institut exploite également un cyclotron supraconductrice à 250 MeV (COMET) aux fins de la thérapie par proton. Le centre de thérapie a récemment été équipé d'un troisième « gantry » rotatif qui est en cours de mise en service. Un « upgrade » du système de radiofréquence de HIPA et des projets pour "SLS-2" seront présentés. -
Beam Dynamics of the Superconducting Wiggler on the Ssrf Storage Ring
Submitted to ‘Chinese Physics C’ BEAM DYNAMICS OF THE SUPERCONDUCTING WIGGLER ON THE SSRF STORAGE RING * ZHANG Qing-Lei(张庆磊)1,2 TIAN Shun-Qiang(田顺强)1 JIANG Bo-Cheng(姜伯承)1 XU Jie-Ping(许皆平) 1 ZHAO Zhen-Tang(赵振堂)1;1) 1 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11105214) 1) E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In the SSRF Phase-II beamline project, a Superconducting Wiggler (SW) will be installed in the electron storage ring. It may greatly impact on the beam dynamics due to the very high magnetic field. The emittance growth becomes a main problem, even after a well correction of the beam optics. A local achromatic lattice is studied, in order to combat the emittance growth and keep the good performance of the SSRF storage ring, as well as possible. Other effects of the SW are simulated and optimized as well, including the beta beating, the tune shift, the dynamic aperture, and the field error effects. Key word SSRF storage ring, superconducting wiggler, beam dynamics, Accelerator Toolbox PACS 29.20.db, 41.85.-p INTRODUCTION Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is a third generation light source with the beam energy of 3.5GeV [1-3]. It has been operated for users’ experiments since 2009. There are 20 straight sections in the storage ring of SSRF, including 4 long straight sections (LSSs) and 16 standard straight sections (SSSs). -
Swissfel CONTROL SYSTEM – OVERVIEW, STATUS, and LESSONS LEARNED E
16th Int. Conf. on Accelerator and Large Experimental Control Systems ICALEPCS2017, Barcelona, Spain JACoW Publishing ISBN: 978-3-95450-193-9 doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2017-MOAPL04 SwissFEL CONTROL SYSTEM – OVERVIEW, STATUS, AND LESSONS LEARNED E. Zimoch, A. Alarcon, D. Anicic, A. Bertrand, R. Biffiger, K. Bitterli, M. Boccioli, H. Brands, P. Bucher, T. Celcer, P. Chevtsov, E. Divall, S. Ebner, M. Gasche, A. Gobbo, C.-E. Higgs, F. Hämmerli, T. Humar, M. Janousch, G. Janser, G. Jud, B. Kalantari, R. Kapeller, R. Krempaska, D. Lauk, M. Laznovsky, H. Lutz, D. Maier-Manojlovic, F. Märki, V. Ovinnikov, T. Pal, W. Portmann, S. Rees, T. Zamofing, C. Zellweger, D. Zimoch, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland Abstract SwissFEL SwissFEL is a new free electron laser facility at the Paul A schematic drawing of SwissFEL is shown in Fig. 1. Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Switzerland. Commissioning The accelerator is divided into an S-band injector, a C-band started in 2016 and resulted in first lasing in December main linac (divided into three parts) and an undulator line 2016 (albeit not on the design energy). In 2017, the com- called Aramis. The Aramis line will provide hard X-ray ra- missioning continued and will result in the first pilot exper- diation, in the wavelength range from 0.1 - 0.7 nm, to two iments at the end of the year. The close interaction of ex- experimental stations with the possible extension of one periment and accelerator components as well as the pulsed more in the future. The overall length of the machine (from electron beam required a well thought out integration of the gun to experiment) is around 720 m and the beam pulses control system including some new concepts and layouts. -
A Superconducting 7T Multipole Wiggler for the Bessy Ii Synchrotron Radiation Source*
Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference, Chicago A SUPERCONDUCTING 7T MULTIPOLE WIGGLER FOR THE BESSY II SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCE* D. Berger4,M.Fedurin2, M. Mezentsev2,S.Mhaskar3, V. Shkaruba2, F. Schaefers1, M. Scheer1, E. Weihreter1 1 BESSY, Einsteinstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany, 2 BINP, Acad. Lavrentiev prospect 11, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia, 3 CAT, Indore 452 013, Madhya Pradesh, India, 4 Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Straße 100, 14109 Berlin, Germany Abstract Table 1: Multipol wiggler design parameters To generate hard X-ray beams for residual stress critical energy @ 1,9 GeV 16.8 keV analysis and for magnetic scattering using the BESSY II ring, a 7T wiggler with 17 poles is under development. max. field on axis 7.0 T The wiggler is designed for a critical energy of 16.8 keV max.fieldoncoils 8.1T with a 13 mm vertical free aperture and an inner chamber periode length 148 mm on a temperature of 20 K. Essential aspects of the number of poles 17 conceptual magnet layout are discussed, e.g. coil and horiz. beam aperture 110 mm yoke geometry, and vacuum chamber design. A prototype vert. beam aperture 13 mm structure with 7 poles has already been built to verify the magnetic (iron) gap 19 mm technical layout of the wiggler. First experimental results stored magnetic energy 450 kJ for the prototype magnet are presented, demonstrating total radiation power (1.9 GeV, 500 mA) 56 kW that a maximum field of 7.3 T can be obtained with the present design. strength has been chosen. Therefore the beam orbit 1 INTRODUCTION oscillates horizontally around the vertical symmetry plane The BESSY II storage ring is operating as a high of the magnet with the advantage that most of the brilliance Synchrotron radiation (SR) source for the VUV influence of the integral sextupole term on the beam will and soft X-ray spectral range. -
A New LLRF System for ASTRID and the Proposed ASTRID2
Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 1 ` ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source presently being built in Aarhus, Denmark ` Dec 2008: Received 37 MDKr (5 M€) to ◦ Build a new SR light source ◦ Convert ASTRID into a booster ◦ Move existing beam lines x New 2 T Multi Pole Wiggler ` The project should be finished in 2013 ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 2 ` ASTRID2 main parameters ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry x lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets x Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) x Allows top-up operation ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 3 ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 4 ASTRID2 parameters Combined function dipoles 6x2 solid sector Energy 580 MeV Nominal (max.) dipole field 1.1975 (1.25) T Circumference 45.704 m Bending radius 1.62 m Current 200 mA Nominal quadrupole field ‐3.219 T/m Nominal sextupole field ‐8.0 T/m2 Straight sections 4x2.7 m Quadrupoles 6x(2+2) Betatron tunes 5.185, 2.14 Magnetic length 0.132 m Coupling factor <10% Max. gradient 20 T/m Horizontal emittance 12 nm Sextupoles 6x(2+1) Natural chromaticity ‐6, ‐11 Magnetic length 0.170 m Dynamical aperture 25‐30 mm Max. -
Dynamic Aperture Vertical Emittance Control Experiments at PETRA II
PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Dynamic Aperture Vertical Emittance Control Experiments at PETRA II 5th DESY MAC, 1.6.2005 Winni Decking, DESY-MPY 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY Dynamic Aperture 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY Dynamic Aperture • Loss-free injection requires horizontal aperture of 30 mm mrad • Touschek lifetime requires off-momentum aperture of 1.5 % 35 without all insertion devices with all insertion devices 30 25 20 (mm mrad) 15 y A 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 A (mm mrad) x 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY Dynamic Aperture Large cross-term due to sextupoles limit horizontal DA Wigglers and Undulators enhance vertical detuning with vertical amplitude Present sextupole scheme: 2 families within 72deg lattice correct chromaticity first order perturbations cancelled after 5 cells d(Qx)/d(Ex) d(Qy)/(dEy) d(Qy)/d(Ex) -4.75E+02 -1.85E+02 -3.30E+03 More sextupole families to tackle cross term? 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY PETRA III ‘Symmetries’ Octant (-B) -B C 13 FBDB 2 FODB B D 10 regular FODO cells -B A A -A 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY Sextupole Schemes symmetry point 5*(S1,S2) 5*(S1,S2) 5*(S1,S2) 5*(S3,S4) SH1,SH2 5*(S1, S2) 5*( S1,S2) SH3,SH4 5*(S1,S2,S3,S4) β [45m] D [1m] 5th DESY MAC PETRA III Beam Dynamics Issues Winni Decking - DESY Results • Two family scheme further optimized (working point, …) • Non-interleaved four family scheme allows to reduce cross-term. -
Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark
Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 1 ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source to be built in Århus, Denmark Dec 2008: Awarded 5.0 M€ for ◦ Construction of the synchrotron ◦ Transfer of beamlines from ASTRID1 to ASTRID2 ◦ New multipole wiggler ◦ We did apply for 5.5 M€ Cut away an undulator for a new beamline Has to be financed together with a new beamline Saved some money by changing the multipole wiggler to better match our need ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 2 ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) Allows top-up operation ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 3 ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 4 ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 5 General parameters ASTRID2 ASTRID Energy E [GeV] 0.58 0.58 Dipole field B [T] 1.192 1.6 Circumference L [m] 45.704 40.00 Current I [mA] 200 200 Revolution time T [ns] 152.45 133.43 Length straight sections [m] ~3 Number of insertion devices 4 1 Lattice parameters Straight section dispersion [m] 0 2.7 Horizontal tune Qx 5.23 2.29 Vertical tune Qy 2.14 2.69 Horizontal chromaticity dQ x/d( ∆p/p) -6.4 -4.0 Vertical chromaticity dQ y/d( ∆p/p) -11.2 -7.1 Momentum -
SLS at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland $
First Operation of the Swiss Light Source 'SLS at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland $ EPAC'02 Michael Boge¨ 1 & % First Operation of the Swiss Light Source ' SLS Team at PSI $ EPAC'02 Michael Boge¨ 2 & % First Operation of the Swiss Light Source ' Contents $ Layout of the SLS • Injectors • – Booster Synchrotron – Pre-Injector Linac Storage Ring • – Lattice Calibration – Beam Current, Vacuum, Lifetime, Stability – Innovative Subsystems Operation Experience • EPAC'02 Michael Boge¨ 3 & % First Operation of the Swiss Light Source ' SLS Layout $ Pre-Injector Linac • – 100 MeV Booster Synchrotron • – 100 MeV to 2.7 GeV @ 3 Hz – x = 9 nm rad Storage Ring • – 2.4 (2.7) GeV, 400 mA – x = 5 nm rad Initial Four Beamlines: • MS – 4S, PX – 6S, SIS – 9L, SIM – 11M EPAC'02 Michael Boge¨ 4 & % First Operation of the Swiss Light Source ' SLS Time Schedule $ Sep 1993 Conceptual Design Report Jun 1997 Final Approval by Swiss Government Jun 1999 Building Erected Apr 2000 Linac Commissiong Finished Sep 2000 Booster Commissiong Finished Dec 2000 First Stored Beam in Storage Ring Jun 2001 Design Current of 400 mA reached First Top-up Operation Jul 2001 First PX Experiment Aug 2001 70 % User Operation May 2002 500 Ah Integrated Beam Current EPAC'02 Michael Boge¨ 5 & % First Operation of the Swiss Light Source ' SLS Budget $ in MCHF (1 CHF = 0.69 EUR) Total Project Budget 159 159 without salaries Building 63 63 “turn key” with infrastructure Accelerators planned spent General 12 11 Linac 6 6 Booster 12 11 Storage Ring 42 40 Total 96 92 -
ASTRID2 -The New Low-Emmitance Light Source in Denmark
Proceedings of IPAC’10, Kyoto, Japan WEPEA008 ASTRID2 - THE NEW LOW-EMITTANCE LIGHT SOURCE IN DENMARK S.P. Møller, N. Hertel, and J.S. Nielsen, ISA, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Abstract Two families of sextupoles are installed to compensate A new low-energy synchrotron radiation light source is and vary chromaticity. Initially, strong sextupole presently being built at Aarhus University. The storage components in the combined-function dipoles were ring will circulate a 580 MeV electron beam with an proposed, but it turned out that such extended strong emittance of 10 nm. Due to the moderate lifetime of a few sextupoles reduced the dynamical aperture drastically [2]. hours, the machine will be operated in top-up mode at 200 After introduction of short sextupoles, the dynamical mA with injection from the present ASTRID storage ring. aperture could be enlarged to a value in excess of the In the present contribution, we will describe aspects of the physical aperture. However, a small negative sextupole lattice, the injection and the expected performance of the component was introduced in the dipoles as this increased machine. the vertical dynamical aperture even further by ~50 %. The main data for ASTRID2 are given in Table 1. INTRODUCTION The lattice will include 24 button pickup systems, 24 horizontal and 12 vertical correction dipoles. The ASTRID storage ring [1] has now been in operation for 20 years, and although the machine at 580 Table 1: ASTRID2 Specifications MeV has a very good lifetime in excess of 100 hours at Quantity Value 150 mA, the relatively large emittance (140 nm), the limited stability and lack of straight sections for insertion Energy 580 MeV devices has since long called for an upgrade. -
D3, the New Diffractometer for the Macromolecular Radiation Crystallography Beamlines of the Swiss Light Source ISSN 1600-5775 Martin R
research papers Journal of Synchrotron D3, the new diffractometer for the macromolecular Radiation crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source ISSN 1600-5775 Martin R. Fuchs,a,b* Claude Pradervand,a Vincent Thominet,a Roman Schneider,a Received 10 October 2013 Ezequiel Panepucci,a Marcel Grunder,a Jose Gabadinho,a Florian S. N. Accepted 2 January 2014 Dworkowski,a Takashi Tomizaki,a Jo¨rg Schneider,a Aline Mayer,a Adrian Curtin,a Vincent Olieric,a Uli Frommherz,a Goran Kotrle,a Jo¨rg Welte,a Xinyu Wang,a Stephan Maag,a Clemens Schulze-Briesec and Meitian Wanga aSwiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland, bNSLS-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Mail Stop 745, Upton, NY 11973, USA, and cDECTRIS Ltd, Neuenhoferstrasse 107, 5400 Baden, Switzerland. *E-mail: [email protected] A new diffractometer for microcrystallography has been developed for the three macromolecular crystallography beamlines of the Swiss Light Source. Building upon and critically extending previous developments realised for the high- resolution endstations of the two undulator beamlines X06SA and X10SA, as well as the super-bend dipole beamline X06DA, the new diffractometer was designed to the following core design goals. (i) Redesign of the goniometer to a sub-micrometer peak-to-peak cylinder of confusion for the horizontal single axis. Crystal sizes down to at least 5 mm and advanced sample-rastering and scanning modes are supported. In addition, it can accommodate the new multi- axis goniometer PRIGo (Parallel Robotics Inspired Goniometer). (ii) A rapid- change beam-shaping element system with aperture sizes down to a minimum of 10 mm for microcrystallography measurements. -
Performance of the Srrc Storage Ring and Wiggler Commissioning C.C
© 1996 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. PERFORMANCE OF THE SRRC STORAGE RING AND WIGGLER COMMISSIONING C.C. Kuo, K.T. Hsu, G.H. Luo, W.K. Lau, Ch. Wang, H.P. Chang, † L.H. Chang, M.H. Wang, J.C. Lee, C.S. Hsue, W.T. Weng, Y.C. Liu Synchrotron Radiation Research Center No 1. R&D Rd VI, Hsinchu Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Abstract reduce the ion-related effects. Before we installed a new wiggler vacuum chamber, the base pressure was around 0.4 nTorr and A 1.3 GeV synchrotron radiation storage ring at SRRC has dynamic pressure was about 1-2 nTorr at 200 mA. The Coulomb been operated for more than a year since October 1993. Starting lifetime was over 20 hours and the lifetime of the stable beam was from April 1994, the machine has been open to the user commu- about 6 hours at 200 mA, which was dominated by the Touschek nity. In February 1995, We installed a wiggler magnet of 1.8 tesla scattering. 25-pole in the ring and successfully commissioned. The machine The typical measured horizontal beam size at bending port was scheduled for the users’ runs from the middle of April this was about 200-250 m at 200 mA. -
Swiss Light Sourcep
CH9900060 PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUT SWISS LIGHT SOURCEP# Swiss Light Source SLS 5232 Villigen PSI, September 1999 Swiss Light Source - SLS Introduction The Paul Scherrer Institute has begun work on the implementation of the Swiss Synchrotron Light Source, the SLS, within the context of the overall planning for the ETH domain. The decision-making bodies are convinced of the scientific value of the project, of its significance for science politics in terms of teaching and research, and of its positive influence on the Swiss research sector. The Swiss Parliament approved the SLS project in 1997. Synchrotron radiation: is - like visible light The importance of synchrotron radiation to modern science and - electromagnetic radiation. It is generated (for example) when fast electrons are forced to the industrial scene of the future is demonstrated by the enormous to circulate on curved trajectories in a development which has taken place within the field: the first storage ring. synchrotron light source for analysis was built in 1966. Today there are about 44 of them in operation worldwide. The total number of synchrotron radiation users in Europe is currently around 6000. The OECD estimates that this number will approximately double within the time it will take to construct the SLS. In addition, the demands made on the quality of the facilities will also increase substantially, with the result that many of the older sources will no longer be competitive. With this anticipated future demand in mind, replacement projects are already at the proposal or implementation stage for all the most important of the older facilities in Europe.