Boot and Shoe Industry in Massachusetts Before 1875
THE ORGANIZATION OF THE BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY IN MASSACHUSETTS BEFORE 1875 BLANCHE EVANS HAZARD PROFESSOR OF HOME ECONOMICS IN CORNELL UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON: HUMYHREY MILFORD Oxrm Umansrn P.k~s 1921 TO THE MEMORY COPYRIC~,I 92 I OF MY HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS FATHER AND MOTHER PREFACE THEdevelopment of the boot and shoe industry of Massachu- setts proves to be an interesting and productive field for economic investigation, not merely because its history goes back to colonial days as one of the leading industries of the states, but more especially because the evolution of industrial organization finds here an unusually complete illustration. The change from older stages to the modem Factory Stage has been comparatively recent, and survivals of earlier forms have existed within the memory of the old men of today. Sources, direct or indirect, oral and recorded, can be woven together to establish, to limit, and to illustrate each one of these stages and the transitions of their various phases. The materials used as the basis of the conclusions given here have been gathered at first hand within the last ten years,%y the writer, in the best known shoe centres of Massachusetts, i.e., Brockton, the Brookfields, the Weymouths, the Braintrees, the Randolphs, and Lynn. The collection and use of such written and oral testimony has been attended with difficulty. No New England shoemaker of a former generation has dreamed that posterity would seek for a record of his daily work.2 Only inad- From 1~7-1917. f Exceptions to this did not occur until about 1880, when David Johnson of Lynn, and Lucy Larcom of Beverly, began to write in prose and poetry about the shoemaker's homely daily life.
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