Introduction

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Introduction Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives Interpretation section j INTERPRETATION Introduction he Organic Act of 1916, which created the National Park Service, charged the TNPS with not only the task of preserving and protecting the parks’ resources, but also to “provide for the enjoyment of the same.” The “enjoyment” mandate has come to mean interpreting the meaning and value of the parks’ resources to the public. In most cases, interpretation can be provided on-site unless the area is too small or the resources too fragile. The larger the park or area and the larger the number of resources contained in that area, the more complex the interpretation becomes. The challenge within the Ice Age Floods 2. Developing physical and visual access Study Region is to creatively address to specific Floods resources. three major issues: 3. Developing an interpretive 1. Identifying Ice Age Floods resources, framework and program for the which are scattered across a four-state natural and cultural history of the area. These specifically include Floods region. resources related to Glacial Lake Columbia Basin Herald Missoula and to the flooding events associated with ice dam failure. M. Sear/ Tours arranged by the Ice Age Floods Institute bring the visitors face-to-face with the evidence of the Ice Age Floods. At Wilson Creek, the visitor can appreciate Bretz’s analysis and understand the Floods’ impact on the land. 83 F LO E OD G S A E C I Interpretation Area impacted by Glacial Lake Missoula and the Floods 84 Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives Interpretation 1. Basic Concept he basic concept developed by the Study Team for interpreting the Floods story is Tthat the study area, which covers a four-state area, be defined as an Ice Ages Floods Geologic Region. Within the Floods Region would be Floods Pathways that follow existing highways. These Floods Pathways would provide visual and physical access to significant Floods features and help link the features as part of a coordinated project. There are a number of different media alternatives. The majority of approaches that can help a visitor existing Floods features are best understand and appreciate the many and experienced in person, either by walking varied aspects of the Ice Age Floods or driving to features, or by flying story. Because of the scale of the Floods overhead. Interpretation at specific region, a narrative approach may be the locations and regionwide could: most effective way to develop an • Explain the story of the Floods understanding of the larger story. This resources both at specific sites and at narrative could be in written format or regional and other interpretive be integrated with a number of multi- centers M. Sear/Columbia Basin Herald • Place a site into the context of the larger Floods story • Explain the geologic background of a site prior to the Floods • Interpret the cultural history of an area as influenced by the Floods, Tour groups mix with school groups tying in the dynamic historic story at Dry Falls Interpretive Center to with the geology of each area. see remarkable remnants of the Ice Age Floods. 85 F LO E OD G S A E C I Interpretation Floods2. Development of a Floods Tour Route Approach The Ice Age Floods Created Palouse Falls he original planning concept was to develop Floods Tour Routes and to direct Tvisitors to selected Floods features near major Interstates and U.S. Highways. Before the great floods, the Palouse River These routes would be defined as being “primary” or “secondary” based upon the type flowed down Washtucna Coulee to join of road and the number of significant Floods features nearby. After discussions with geologists and other Floods experts, it was agreed that this approach was overly the Columbia River in the Pasco Basin. simplistic and would not work as originally intended. With the number and variety of The huge torrents of the Floods filled Floods resources, it was felt that visitors would gain greater appreciation and understanding if a number of Floods Tour Routes were identified and marked, and overflowed Washtucna Coulee and allowing a greater variety of sites to visit. If time is limited, visitors could choose swept across the divide down into the conveniently located sites along their way. If they have several days, visitors could see a greater number of sites. adjacent Snake River Valley. This enormous overflow carved back the This modified planning concept defined as Pathways providing access to focused on identifying Floods Pathways significant Floods features. In many divide in one place enough to capture that would follow U.S. Highways as ways, this approach is more in keeping the Palouse River, diverting it south to well as state highways and local roads, with the paths taken by the original but would stay off interstate highways floods. the Snake. The lower 10 miles of the as much as possible. In some instances, Palouse now flow through a deep non-motorized trails and water trails It should be noted that the original could link to certain Floods features. concept was described as an interpretive spillway. Its last descent is over a 200- There would be no “hierarchy” of motor tour, but was rapidly expanded to foot cliff: Palouse Falls. routes based upon importance to the include auto, train, tour boat, airplane, Floods story; all would simply be bicycle and even hot air balloon tours. Facts 86 Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives Interpretation Floods3. The Process of Determining the Most Effective Tour Route Hydraulic Dam etermining which existing roads and highways would be designated as What is a hydraulic dam? It is the D“Pathways” was based upon two criteria: (1) path of the original flood waters, and (2) the location of significant Floods features, including Glacial Lake Missoula. restriction of the rate of water flow caused by a narrowed reach in a river The Floods resulted from the release of Willamette Valley. The Floods continued water impounded in western Montana by down the lower Columbia to the ocean, valley. During a valley-filling flood, the ice dams near the mouth of the Clark which was 40 miles west of present-day narrows restrict flow, thus causing water Fork River. Glacial Lake Missoula Astoria, Oregon. It was important that extended far upstream from Missoula in Floods Pathways allow a visitor to follow upstream to pond partly and temporarily. several valleys. The lakeshore came the path of the floodwater from Missoula The most spectacular example of a within about 15 miles of the contental to the mouth of the Columbia at the divide. The volume of water from the Pacific Ocean. hydraulic dam during the Ice Age Floods Floods was so great that it followed was Wallula Gap, which restricted nearly several different channels across the The inventory of the Ice Age Floods Idaho Panhandle. When the floodwater resources was used to help determine 200 cubic miles of water in a huge, reached the relatively flat Columbia Basin pathways of the Floods. To date, more temporary pond in Pasco basin. On the of eastern Washington, it spread out than 350 Floods resources have been across three major drainage areas on its inventoried, and additional inventories are lower Columbia, a narrows near Kalama way to the Columbia River, Wallula Gap still being conducted. The four Study Zone also briefly ponded floodwater. This and the Columbia Gorge. At the Gorge, Working Groups, after identifying the the water was confined to the steep river resource sites, were asked to rank their narrows thus helped to back up valley. Farther down the Columbia River, Floods resource sites whenever possible, floodwater upstream, flooding not only a hydraulic dam was formed at the and those sites were located on a map of narrows at Kalama, Washington, and the the study area. The intent of the Pathways the Portland–Vancouver basin but also backwaters flooded south into the was to provide access to these sites. the Willamette Valley to beyond Eugene. Facts 87 F LO E OD G S A E C I Interpretation Floods Pathways, Loops, Spurs, and Gateway Communities 88 Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives Interpretation Floods4. Recommended Routes of the Pathways Well-Traveled Meteorite Pathways An earlier discussion of the development of a tour route approach examined the The Willamette meteorite is the largest desirability of using the term “Pathways” over “Primary” and “Secondary” Floods ever found in the United States, weighing routes. The use of the generic term “Pathways” does not denote a hierarchy of routes, but is intended to indicate to visitors the various alternatives they can take to see 31,107 pounds. It was found in 1902 two Floods resources. These various alternatives include CONNECTING Pathways, LOOP miles northwest of West Linn, Oregon, at Pathways and SPUR pathways. Wherever appropriate, Floods Pathways should utilize existing designated state and National Scenic Byways. Public agencies should an elevation of 380 feet above sea level. coordinate with state transportation departments on these opportunities. These Apparently, an iceberg carried the recommended routes are intended to be conceptual in nature to illustrate the basic approach. More detailed management planning will be needed to determine specifically meteorite along with granite erratics the location of routes and interpretive facilities once the area is formally designated. from either the Cordilleran ice sheet or Gateway Communities to the perimeter of the Floods region, (5) the Purcell lobe in British Columbia to Related to the Pathways are “Gateway connectivity to existing roads, and (6) the Willamette Valley. The meteorite Communities,” which would be the ability to provide visitor services. entry points into the Ice Age Floods must have been moved with the glacial region and the network of Flood The Study Team identified the following iceflow to near Lake Pend Oreille and Pathways.
Recommended publications
  • Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report
    RECONNAISSANCE SURFICIAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING OF THE LATE CENOZOIC SEDIMENTS OF THE COLUMBIA BASIN, WASHINGTON by James G. Rigby and Kurt Othberg with contributions from Newell Campbell Larry Hanson Eugene Kiver Dale Stradling Gary Webster Open File Report 79-3 September 1979 State of Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources Olympia, Washington CONTENTS Introduction Objectives Study Area Regional Setting 1 Mapping Procedure 4 Sample Collection 8 Description of Map Units 8 Pre-Miocene Rocks 8 Columbia River Basalt, Yakima Basalt Subgroup 9 Ellensburg Formation 9 Gravels of the Ancestral Columbia River 13 Ringold Formation 15 Thorp Gravel 17 Gravel of Terrace Remnants 19 Tieton Andesite 23 Palouse Formation and Other Loess Deposits 23 Glacial Deposits 25 Catastrophic Flood Deposits 28 Background and previous work 30 Description and interpretation of flood deposits 35 Distinctive geomorphic features 38 Terraces and other features of undetermined origin 40 Post-Pleistocene Deposits 43 Landslide Deposits 44 Alluvium 45 Alluvial Fan Deposits 45 Older Alluvial Fan Deposits 45 Colluvium 46 Sand Dunes 46 Mirna Mounds and Other Periglacial(?) Patterned Ground 47 Structural Geology 48 Southwest Quadrant 48 Toppenish Ridge 49 Ah tanum Ridge 52 Horse Heaven Hills 52 East Selah Fault 53 Northern Saddle Mountains and Smyrna Bench 54 Selah Butte Area 57 Miscellaneous Areas 58 Northwest Quadrant 58 Kittitas Valley 58 Beebe Terrace Disturbance 59 Winesap Lineament 60 Northeast Quadrant 60 Southeast Quadrant 61 Recommendations 62 Stratigraphy 62 Structure 63 Summary 64 References Cited 66 Appendix A - Tephrochronology and identification of collected datable materials 82 Appendix B - Description of field mapping units 88 Northeast Quadrant 89 Northwest Quadrant 90 Southwest Quadrant 91 Southeast Quadrant 92 ii ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Spoke-N-Word May – June 2017
    The Spokane Bicycle Club Spoke-N-Word May – June 2017 Table of Contents Board, Staff and 2 Meetings Letter from the 3 President Volunteer Opportunities 5 Mt. Biking Article 7 Rides Bike Tours 8 Pickup Rides 9 Monday Traditional 9 Monday Paved Trail 9 Scenic Tuesday 10 Our Club’s First Mt. Bike Ride Team Tuesday 11 Thursday Morning 12 Sat Steady to Brisk 14 Sat Steady to Leisurely 15 Mountain Biking 17 Government Affairs 18 SBC Sponsors 21 Board Meeting Minutes 22 Monday Morning Traditional ride having lunch at the Tin Cup MAY IS BIKE EVERYWHERE MONTH Grab Some Friends and Join the Rides Check out 2017 Events at SpokaneBikes.org 1 May - June Newsletter 2017 2017 Board of Officers Cyrus McLean 509-838-0649 Pick Up Rides Scott Schell 954-6788 cyrusmclATyahoo.com President Staff Susan Strong 990-8877 cshellwsATcomcast.net Ride Coordinator sublstrongAToutlook.com Gerry Bergstrom 509-995-8118 Vice-President Barbara Beaton 590-3814 [email protected] Newsletter Bbeaton4769ATgmail.com Hershel Zellman 509-536-7745 Editor David Whipple 922-2719 Secretary dpwhipATgmail.com zellpeopleATcomcast.net Ellen Peller 953-9468 Sally Phillips 448-6271 Ellenpeller1ATgmail.com Treasurer Programs phillips1948ATcomcast.net Barb Kehr 290-1967 Board of Directors barb.kehrATgmail.com Rick Peller 624-7060 Amina Giles 467-1980 Membership Position 1 rfpellerATcomcast.net ridinusa2002ATyahoo.com Paul Swetik Web Master Margaret Watson 509-624-3793 pswetikAThotmail.com Position 2 Serge Bulan 214-669-7109 bikingomaATyahoo.com Web Editor Sbul2ATyahoo.com Dud Bowers 509-919-2076 * ”AT” replaces @ so that the emails cannot be Position 3 Bdelaine2ATgmail.com scammed.
    [Show full text]
  • Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods—Roadside Geology
    u 0 by Robert J. Carson and Kevin R. Pogue WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Information Circular 90 January 1996 WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF Natural Resources Jennifer M. Belcher - Commissioner of Public Lands Kaleen Cottingham - Supervisor FLOOD BASALTS AND GLACIER FLOODS: Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington by Robert J. Carson and Kevin R. Pogue WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Information Circular 90 January 1996 Kaleen Cottingham - Supervisor Division of Geology and Earth Resources WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Jennifer M. Belcher-Commissio11er of Public Lands Kaleeo Cottingham-Supervisor DMSION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Raymond Lasmanis-State Geologist J. Eric Schuster-Assistant State Geologist William S. Lingley, Jr.-Assistant State Geologist This report is available from: Publications Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources P.O. Box 47007 Olympia, WA 98504-7007 Price $ 3.24 Tax (WA residents only) ~ Total $ 3.50 Mail orders must be prepaid: please add $1.00 to each order for postage and handling. Make checks payable to the Department of Natural Resources. Front Cover: Palouse Falls (56 m high) in the canyon of the Palouse River. Printed oo recycled paper Printed io the United States of America Contents 1 General geology of southeastern Washington 1 Magnetic polarity 2 Geologic time 2 Columbia River Basalt Group 2 Tectonic features 5 Quaternary sedimentation 6 Road log 7 Further reading 7 Acknowledgments 8 Part 1 - Walla Walla to Palouse Falls (69.0 miles) 21 Part 2 - Palouse Falls to Lower Monumental Dam (27.0 miles) 26 Part 3 - Lower Monumental Dam to Ice Harbor Dam (38.7 miles) 33 Part 4 - Ice Harbor Dam to Wallula Gap (26.7 mi les) 38 Part 5 - Wallula Gap to Walla Walla (42.0 miles) 44 References cited ILLUSTRATIONS I Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Interior Columbia Basin Mollusk Species of Special Concern
    Deixis l-4 consultants INTERIOR COLUMl3lA BASIN MOLLUSK SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN cryptomasfix magnidenfata (Pilsbly, 1940), x7.5 FINAL REPORT Contract #43-OEOO-4-9112 Prepared for: INTERIOR COLUMBIA BASIN ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROJECT 112 East Poplar Street Walla Walla, WA 99362 TERRENCE J. FREST EDWARD J. JOHANNES January 15, 1995 2517 NE 65th Street Seattle, WA 98115-7125 ‘(206) 527-6764 INTERIOR COLUMBIA BASIN MOLLUSK SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN Terrence J. Frest & Edward J. Johannes Deixis Consultants 2517 NE 65th Street Seattle, WA 98115-7125 (206) 527-6764 January 15,1995 i Each shell, each crawling insect holds a rank important in the plan of Him who framed This scale of beings; holds a rank, which lost Would break the chain and leave behind a gap Which Nature’s self wcuid rue. -Stiiiingfieet, quoted in Tryon (1882) The fast word in ignorance is the man who says of an animal or plant: “what good is it?” If the land mechanism as a whole is good, then every part is good, whether we understand it or not. if the biota in the course of eons has built something we like but do not understand, then who but a fool would discard seemingly useless parts? To keep every cog and wheel is the first rule of intelligent tinkering. -Aido Leopold Put the information you have uncovered to beneficial use. -Anonymous: fortune cookie from China Garden restaurant, Seattle, WA in this “business first” society that we have developed (and that we maintain), the promulgators and pragmatic apologists who favor a “single crop” approach, to enable a continuous “harvest” from the natural system that we have decimated in the name of profits, jobs, etc., are fairfy easy to find.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Ecoregions of Idaho
    1 0 . C o l u m b i a P l a t e a u 1 3 . C e n t r a l B a s i n a n d R a n g e Ecoregion 10 is an arid grassland and sagebrush steppe that is surrounded by moister, predominantly forested, mountainous ecoregions. It is Ecoregion 13 is internally-drained and composed of north-trending, fault-block ranges and intervening, drier basins. It is vast and includes parts underlain by thick basalt. In the east, where precipitation is greater, deep loess soils have been extensively cultivated for wheat. of Nevada, Utah, California, and Idaho. In Idaho, sagebrush grassland, saltbush–greasewood, mountain brush, and woodland occur; forests are absent unlike in the cooler, wetter, more rugged Ecoregion 19. Grazing is widespread. Cropland is less common than in Ecoregions 12 and 80. Ecoregions of Idaho The unforested hills and plateaus of the Dissected Loess Uplands ecoregion are cut by the canyons of Ecoregion 10l and are disjunct. 10f Pure grasslands dominate lower elevations. Mountain brush grows on higher, moister sites. Grazing and farming have eliminated The arid Shadscale-Dominated Saline Basins ecoregion is nearly flat, internally-drained, and has light-colored alkaline soils that are Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and America into 15 ecological regions. Level II divides the continent into 52 regions Literature Cited: much of the original plant cover. Nevertheless, Ecoregion 10f is not as suited to farming as Ecoregions 10h and 10j because it has thinner soils.
    [Show full text]
  • Washington's Channeled Scabland
    t\D l'llrl,. \·· ~. r~rn1 ,uR\fEY Ut,l\n . .. ,Y:ltate" tit1Washington ALBEIT D. ROSEWNI, Governor Department of Conservation EARL COE, Dlnctor DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, Supervisor Bulletin No. 45 WASHINGTON'S CHANNELED SCABLAND By J HARLEN BRETZ 9TAT• PIUHTIHO PLANT ~ OLYMPIA, WASH., 1"511 State of Washington ALBERT D. ROSELLINI, Governor Department of Conservation EARL COE, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, Supervisor Bulletin No. 45 WASHINGTON'S CHANNELED SCABLAND By .T HARLEN BRETZ l•or sate by Department or Conservation, Olympia, Washington. Price, 50 cents. FOREWORD Most travelers who have driven through eastern Washington have seen a geologic and scenic feature that is unique-nothing like it is to be found anywhere else in the world. This is the Channeled Scab­ land, a gigantic series of deeply cut channels in the erosion-resistant Columbia River basalt, the rock that covers most of the east-central and southeastern part of the state. Grand Coulee, with its spectac­ ular Dry Falls, is one of the most widely known features of this ex­ tensive set of dry channels. Many thousands of travelers must have wondered how this Chan­ neled Scabland came into being, and many geologists also have speculated as to its origin. Several geologists have published papers outlining their theories of the scabland's origin, but the geologist who has made the most thorough study of the problem and has ex­ amined the whole area and all the evidence having a bearing on the problem is Dr. J Harlen Bretz. Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Northwest Exposure Winners Revealed!
    Winter weekend getaway in Leavenworth A Publication of Washington Trails Association | wta.org Northwest Exposure Winners Revealed! 10 Trails for This Winter State Parks Centennial 2013 Volunteer Vacations Jan+Feb 2013 Jan+Feb 2013 20 16 32 NW Weekend: Leavenworth » Eli Boschetto NW Explorer An alpine holiday is waiting for you on the east side of the Cascades. Snowshoe, ski, take in the annual Ice Fest Northwest Exposure celebration or just relax away from home. » p.20 Congratulations to the winners of WTA's 2012 Northwest Exposure photo contest. Images from across the state— Tales From the Trail » Craig Romano and a calendar for planning hikes too! » center Guidebook author Craig Romano shares insights and lessons learned from years of hiking experience. » p.24 Nordic Washington » Holly Weiler Hit the tracks this winter on Nordic skis. Destinations Epic Trails » Wonderland » Tami Asars across Washington will help you find your ideal escape at Info and tips to help you plan your own hiking adventure some of the best resorts and Sno-Parks. » p.16 on the classic round-the-mountain trail. » p.32 WTA at Work 2013 marks the 100th anniversary of Trail Work » Sarah Rich Washington's state park system. With Bridge-building in the Methow » p.10 more than 700 miles of hiking trails, Engineering Trails » Janice Van Cleve make a plan to visit one this year. » p.8 Turnpikes—what they are and how they're constructed » p.12 Advocacy » Jonathan Guzzo Budget concerns for 2013 » p.14 Youth on Trails » Krista Dooley Snowshoeing with kids » p.15 Trail Mix Gear Closet » Winter camping essentials » p.22 Nature Nook » Tami Asars Birds, beasts and blooms in the NW » p.25 Cape Disappointment, by Jeremy Horton 2 Washington Trails | Jan+Feb 2013 | wta.org Guest Contributors TAMI ASARS is a writer, photographer and career hiker.
    [Show full text]
  • Top 26 Trails in Grant County 2020
    and 12 Watchable Wildlife Units For more information, please contact: Grant County Tourism Commission P.O. Box 37, Ephrata, WA 98823 509.765.7888 • 800.992.6234 In Grant County, Washington TourGrantCounty.com TOP TRAILS Grant County has some of the most scenic and pristine vistas, hiking trails and outdoor 26 recreational opportunities in Washington State. and 12 Watchable Wildlife Units Grant County is known for its varied landscapes on a high desert plateau with coulees, lakes, in Grant County Washington reservoirs, sand dunes, canals, rivers, creeks, and other waterways. These diverse ecosystems Grant County Tourism Commission For Additional copies please contact: support a remarkable variety of fish and PO Box 37 Jerry T. Gingrich wildlife species that contribute to the economic, Ephrata, Washington 98837 Grant County Tourism Commission recreational and cultural life of the County. www.tourgrantcounty.com Grant County Courthouse PO Box 37 Ephrata, WA 98837 No part of this book may be reproduced in (509) 754-2011, Ext. 2931 any form, or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, without permission in For more information on writing from the Grant County Tourism Grant County accommodations Commission. www.tourgrantcounty.com © 2019, Grant County Tourism Commission Second printing, 10m Trails copy and photographs Book, map and cover design by: provided by: Denise Adam Graphic Design Cameron Smith, Lisa Laughlin, J. Kemble, Veradale, WA 99037 Shawn Cardwell, Mark Amara, (509) 891-0873 Emry Dinman, Harley Price, [email protected] Sebastian Moraga and Madison White Printed by: Rewriting and editing by: Mark Amara Pressworks 2717 N. Perry Street Watchable Wildlife copy and Spokane, Washington 99207 photographs provided by: (509) 462-7627 Washington Department of [email protected] Fish and Wildlife Photograph by Lisa Laughlin CONTENTS CONTENTS Grant County Trails and Hiking Grant County Watchable Wildlife Viewing Upper Grand Coulee Area 1.
    [Show full text]
  • RCFB April 2021 Page 1 Agenda TUESDAY, April 27 OPENING and MANAGEMENT REPORTS 9:00 A.M
    REVISED 4/8/21 Proposed Agenda Recreation and Conservation Funding Board April 27, 2021 Online Meeting ATTENTION: Protecting the public, our partners, and our staff are of the utmost importance. Due to health concerns with the novel coronavirus this meeting will be held online. The public is encouraged to participate online and will be given opportunities to comment, as noted below. If you wish to participate online, please click the link below to register and follow the instructions in advance of the meeting. Technical support for the meeting will be provided by RCO’s board liaison who can be reached at [email protected]. Registration Link: https://zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_JqkQAGCrRSOwbHLmg3a6oA Phone Option: (669)900-6833 - Webinar ID: 967 5491 2108 Location: RCO will also have a public meeting location for members of the public to listen via phone as required by the Open Public Meeting Act, unless this requirement is waived by gubernatorial executive order. In order to enter the building, the public must not exhibit symptoms of the COVID-19 and will be required to comply with current state law around personal protective equipment. RCO staff will meet the public in front of the main entrance to the natural resources building and escort them in. *Additionally, RCO will record this meeting and would be happy to assist you after the meeting to gain access to the information. Order of Presentation: In general, each agenda item will include a short staff presentation and followed by board discussion. The board only makes decisions following the public comment portion of the agenda decision item.
    [Show full text]
  • Washington Geology Released Since [Project Chief: W
    ·- July 1983 Volume 11 Number 3 Washington Geologic Newsletter · . Lovitt mine, near Wenatchee, Chelan County, Washington, 1977. Photo by Jack Jansons BRIAN J . BOYLE COMMISSIONER OF PUBLIC LANDS ART STEARNS, Supervisor RAYMOND LASMANIS, State Geologist DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Marlin Woy - To Porllond n Exit IOs·• [" GEOLOGY ANO /. t Roctl)11onl•t ... Solllh EARTH ~CES i..-<-....<....<c.L..'-'-! !! 0 I u Sound .. C 'Entrance- Moll Elf!H~~• · 0Poulsot\S. Mortin\ s,. : ••••• ,Porklno .....~ :....... ----. ........... .................... • • • • •• • • • • Coll•o• Z ·········o····· ... 4224 6th Ave. S.E., Lacey, Washington in Albortson• MAILING ADDRESS: Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources Olympia, WA 98504 (206) 459-6372 Field office address: Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources Spokane County Agricultural Center N. 222 Havana Spokane, WA 99202 ( 509) 458-2038 Lauta Btay, Editor The Washington Geologic Newsletter, a quarterly report of geologlc articles, Ts published by the Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Department of Natural Resources. The newsletter is free upon request. The division also publishes bulletins, information circulars, and geologic maps. A list of these publicatiOflS will be sent upon request. .. THE WENATCHEE GOLD RUSH by Bonnie Bunning* INTRODUCTION from the D ''reef" between 1949 and 1967. For a long time the ore was shipped directly to the Tacoma smelter On March 4, 19831 when Breakwater Resources LLd. where a substantial credit for the siliceous ores (used as and Asamera Minerals, Inc., made their exciting gold find flux in the smelter) helped make t he mine profitable. In public, companies and individuals from Canada and the 1961, Day Mines, Inc., and Lovitt Mining Co.
    [Show full text]
  • 5 See Accountant's Compilation Report NORTHWEST OPEN
    NORTHWEST OPEN ACCESS NETWORK BALANCE SHEET ASSETS DECEMBER 31, 2009 2008 CURRENT ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents $ 22,105 $ 1,139,749 HCN cash and cash equivalents - Restricted 10,552,004 10,320,579 Receivables Accounts receivable, net 2,681,996 2,753,932 Interest receivable - - Current portion of HCN contract receivable - 2,745,000 Prepaid expenses 1,583,848 1,251,298 Total current assets 14,839,953 18,210,558 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Equipment 25,816,439 23,880,857 Structures 6,420,368 6,399,254 Total property and equipment 32,236,807 30,280,111 Less accumulated depreciation 20,255,554 17,229,802 Net property and equipment 11,981,253 13,050,309 OTHER ASSETS Prepaid HCN IRU agreement 321,875 373,375 Prepaid IRU agreement 390,289 - Bond reserve restricted investmentsDRAFT 1,538,721 1,546,000 Unamortized bond issuance costs 169,393 213,640 Total other assets 2,420,278 2,133,015 Total assets $ 29,241,484 $ 33,393,882 5 See Accountant’s Compilation Report NORTHWEST OPEN ACCESS NETWORK BALANCE SHEET LIABILITIES AND NET DEFICIT DECEMBER 31, 2009 2008 CURRENT LIABILITIES Accounts payable $ 597,007 $ 1,878,301 Accrued payroll liabilities 446,395 416,933 Accrued pension payable 1,799,203 1,799,203 Accrued interest payable 108,523 122,022 Deferred revenue and other accrued liabilities 82,928 355,102 Current portion of HCN deferred revenue 1,938,089 1,938,089 Current portion of notes payable 1,828,274 1,427,924 Current portion of revenue bonds 1,925,000 1,810,000 Total current liabilities 8,725,419 9,747,574 LONG-TERM LIABILITIES, net of current
    [Show full text]
  • Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail Foundation Document, 2012
    Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail Foundation Statement February 2014 Cover (left to right): Lake Pend Oreille, Farragut State Park, Idaho, NPS Photo Moses Coulee, Washington, NPS Photo Palouse Falls, Washington, NPS Photo Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail Table of Contents Introduction.........................................................................................................................................2 Purpose of this Foundation Statement.................................................................................2 Development of this Foundation Statement........................................................................2 Elements of the Foundation Statement...............................................................................3 Trail Description.......................................................................................................................4 Map..........................................................................................................................................6 Trail Purpose.......................................................................................................................................8 Trail Signifcance................................................................................................................................10 Fundamental Resources and Values.................................................................................................12 Primary Interpretive Themes............................................................................................................22
    [Show full text]