DOCSLIB.ORG

Neutron Scattering in the 'Nineties

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Neutron Scattering in the 'Nineties NEUTRON SCATTERING IN THE ’NINETIES SPALLATION FISSION = £ ) ► CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, JÜLICH, 14-18 JANUARY 1985 & ' á l \ ORGANIZED BY IAEA IN CO-OPERATION WITH VW# JÜLICH NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTRE ( ю й ) INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, VIENNA, 1985 NEUTRON SCATTERING IN THE ’NINETIES PROCEEDINGS SERIES NEUTRON SCATTERING IN THE ’NINETIES PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE ON NEUTRON SCATTERING IN THE ’NINETIES ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY IN CO-OPERATION W ITH THE JÜLICH NUCLEAR RESEARCH CENTRE AND HELD IN JÜLICH, 14-18 JANUARY 1985 INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY VIENNA, 1985 NEUTRON SCATTERING IN THE ’NINETIES IAEA, VIENNA, 1985 STI/PUB/694 ISBN 92-0-030085-5 Printed by the IAEA in Austria April 1985 FOREWORD The International Atomic Energy Agency organized a series of symposia on neutron scattering during the period between 1960 and 1977 because o f the importance o f the technique in condensed matter research, and to pro­ mote the applications o f this technique in various branches o f applied science and technology. The study of condensed matter physics through neutron scattering techniques has now become a fully developed and mature scientific area and it is felt that much information in this field is more appropriately presented at topical conferences dealing with specific subjects. However, the technological developments that have taken place since 1977 (the year o f the last IA E A symposium on this subject) in new instrumenta­ tion and techniques, with emphasis on new types o f sources, indicate that neutron scattering is poised for a new intense period o f growth in terms o f the use o f the technique in basic research as well as its application to applied sciences and industry. The late ’seventies and early ’eighties saw intensive activity in a number o f areas, in particular utilization o f high flux reactors, perfection o f techniques and instruments whose potential was recognized earlier, and recently the development o f concepts and technology o f spallation neutron sources. A number o f pulsed neutron sources are already operating or will be operational by the next decade. Thus, the time was considered to be appropriate for a general meeting on the prospects o f neutron scattering in the ’ nineties. This International Conference on Neutron Scattering in the ’Nineties, which took place in Jülich, was organized by the International Atom ic Energy Agency in co-operation with the Jülich Nuclear Research Centre. These Proceedings emphasize the new developments in techniques, methodology, instrumentation and sources. In addition, the research utilization aspects are covered in a number o f review papers which deal not only with condensed matter physics but also include biology and macromolecules, polymer studies, microemulsions and material science, all o f which indicate considerable prospects for industrial applications. The Agency acknowledges the substantial assistance o f the Programme Committee and, in particular, Professors Springer and Stiller, its Chairman and Vice-Chairman respectively. The Agency also thanks the Jülich Nuclear Research Centre which was responsible for the local organization, and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, at whose invitation the conference was held in Jülich. EDITORIAL NOTE The papers and discussions have been edited by the editorial staff of the International Atomic Energy Agency to the extent considered necessary for the reader’s assistance. The views expressed and the general style adopted remain, however, the responsibility of the named authors or participants. In addition, the views are not necessarily those of the governments of the nominating Member States or of the nominating organizations. Where papers have been incorporated into these Proceedings without resetting by the Agency, this has been done with the knowledge of the authors and their government authorities, and their cooperation is gratefully acknowledged. The Proceedings have been printed by composition typing and photo-offset lithography. Within the limitations imposed by this method, every effort has been made to maintain a high editorial standard, in particular to achieve, wherever practicable, consistency of units and symbols and conformity to the standards recommended by competent international bodies. The use in these Proceedings of particular designations of countries or territories does not imply any ¡udgement by the publisher, the IAEA, as to the legal status of such, countries or territories, of their authorities and institutions or of the delimitation of their boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of their products or brand names does not imply any endorsement or recommendation on the part of the IAEA. Authors are themselves responsible for obtaining the necessary permission to reproduce copyright material from other sources. CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY LECTURES (Session I) Elementary excitations and phase transformations in solids (IA E A -C N -46/36) ................................................................................... 3 R.A. Cowley New spallation neutron sources, their performance and applications (IAEA-C N46/12) ................................................................................... 17 G.H. Lander, J.M. Carpenter M AG NE TIC DEVICES (Session II) Novel beam bunching methods by perfect crystals and electromagnetic means (IAEA-CN-46/40) ...................................................................... 35 H. Rauch Travelling wave and neutron magnetic resonance bunching (IAEA-CN-46/69) ................................................................................... 53 H. Rauch, J. Summhammer, H. Weinfurter Pulsed reactor IBR-2 in the ’nineties (IAEA-CN-46/85) ............................ 63 V.D. Ananiev, Zh.A. Kozlov, VI. Luschikov, Yu.M. Ostanevich, E.P. Shabalin, I.M. Frank MAGNETIC DEVICES AND ULTRA-COLD NEUTRONS (Session III) Novel applications o f polarized neutrons at pulsed sources (IAEA-CN-46/11 ) ................................................................................... 77 G. Badurek, W. Schmatz Experience with spin analysis on a time-of-flight multidetector scattering instrument (IAEA-CN-46/70) ................................................. 85 O. Schàrpf Production and use o f ultra-cold neutrons (IAEA-CN-46/34) .................... 99 K.-A. Steinhauser STEAD Y-STATE SOURCES (Sessions IV and V ) Magnetic scattering and polarized neutrons (IAEA-CN-46/57) ................ 109 G. Shirane, C.F. Majkrzak A review o f current and proposed reactor upgrades (IAEA-C N-46/28)...... 119 R.M. Moon Special neutron sources (IAEA-CN-46/16) ................................................. 135 P. Ageron Very-high-flux research reactors based on particle fuels (IAEA-CN-46/38).. 157 J.R. Powell, H. Takahashi Upgrading o f the Munich reactor with a compact core (IAEA-CN-46/53)... 165 K. Boning, W. Glaser, J. Meier, G. Rau, A. Rôhrmoser, L. Zhang SINQ — A project for a continuous spallation neutron source (IAEA-CN-46/9) ....................................................................................... 171 F. Atchison, W.E. Fischer, M. Pepin, Y. Takeda, Ch. Tschalaer INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS (Session VI) Nuclear polarization and neutrons (IAEA-CN-46/81) ................................ 181 H. Glàttli Neutron scattering studies o f nuclear orientation in the дК range (IAEA-CN-46/32) ................................................................................... 185 M. Steiner On-line evaluation o f position-sensitive detector (PSD) diffraction data (IAEA-CN-46/64) ................................................................................... 191 R.F.D. Stansfield, G.J. McIntyre A device for combined neutron-photon processes in condensed matter (IAEA-C N46/13) ................................................................................... 199 A. Stoeckli, A. Isacson, M. Koch, A. Furrer Interface investigation by slow neutron reflection (IAEA-CN-46/20) ....... 205 B. Farnoux MIBEMOL: A six-chopper time-of-flight spectrometer installed on a neutron guide of the ORPHÉE reactor (IAEA-CN-46/51) .................... 211 S. Hautecler, E. Legrand, L. Vansteelandt, P.D ’Hooghe, G. Rooms, A. Seeger, W. Schalt, G. Gobert PULSED SOURCES (Sessions VU and IX ) Instrumentation for pulsed sources (IAEA-CN-46/41) ............................ 219 A.J. Leadbetter Instruments for high-flux sources with time structure o f neutron flux (IAEA-CN-46/80) ................................................................................... 247 R. Scherm, B. Alefeld The spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (IAEA-CN-46/14) ................................................................................... 261 D.A. Gray The SNQ target and moderator system for an optimized neutron economy (IAEA-CN-46/79) .............................. ................................. 267 G. Bauer, H. Conrad, D. Filges, H. Spitzer Resonance detection methods in spectrometers (IAEA-CN-46/26) ......... 279 N. Watanabe Cold neutron scattering spectrometers at the spallation neutron facility, KENS (IAEA-CN-46/27) ...................................................... 285 Y. Ishikawa, Y. Endoh, K. Inoue Time-of-flight spin echo (IAEA-CN-46/75) (Abstract only) ............... 291 F. Mezei, D. Richter Real-time texture experiments (IAEA-CN-46/31 ) ............................ 293 Dorte Juul Jensen BIO LO G Y AND M ACRO M O LECU LES (Session V III) Biomolecular applications of neutron spectroscopy: Current work and future developments
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Practical Consideration of Scanning Helium Microscopy
    A PRACTICAL CONSIDERATION OF SCANNING HELIUM MICROSCOPY Adam Joseph Fahy, BSc (Hons.) A thesis submitted towards the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Physics) The University of Newcastle, Australia December 2018 ii DECLARATION I hereby certify that the work embodied in the thesis is my own work, conducted under normal supervision. The thesis contains published scholarly work of which I am a co-author. For each such work a written statement, endorsed by my co-authors, attesting to my contribution to the joint work has been included. The thesis contains no material which has been accepted, or is being examined, for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to the final version of my thesis being made available worldwide when deposited in the University’s Digital Repository, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968 and any approved embargo. Adam Joseph Fahy December 2018 I hereby certify that the work embodied in this thesis contains published paper/s/scholarly work of which I am a joint author. I have included as part of the thesis this written statement, endorsed in writing by my supervisor, attesting to my contribution to the joint publication/s/scholarly work. _______________________________ Paul Dastoor iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Being a writer is a very peculiar sort of a job: it’s always you versus a blank sheet of paper (or a blank screen), and quite often the blank piece of paper wins.” – Neil Gaiman Writing these acknowledgements is a rather surreal experience, as it signals an end to the unique mix of triumph and tragedy that is a PhD.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Sources (Complement to “Proton Accelerators”)
    Neutron Sources (Complement to “Proton Accelerators”) Christine Darve and Zoe Fisher ASP2018 – Windhoek July 13, 2018 Outline • Neutron as a tool for discovery • What do we see and measure using neutron beam ? • How to generate intense neutron beams using high power proton linear accelerator: The ESS for further reading: Applications using Neutrons 2 Neutron Microscope – Length, Time & energy scales 3 Ionizing Radiation Ionizing radiation is radiation composed of particles that individually carry enough energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule without raising the bulk material to ionization temperature. When ionizing radiation is emitted by or absorbed by an atom, it can liberate a particle. Such an event can alter chemical bonds and produce ions, usually in ion-pairs, that are especially chemically reactive. Note: Neutrons, having zero electrical charge, do not interact electromagnetically with electrons, and so they cannot directly cause ionization by this mechanism. High precision non-destructive probe … why ? 4 Fields of interest Wave Particle Magnetic moment Neutral • A wide range of length and timescales • High sensitivity and selectivity • Deep penetration • A probe of fundamental properties • A precise tool • An ideal probe for magnetism Multi-science with neutrons Magnetic moment Probe of magnetism Charge neutral They have wavelengths Deeply penetrating Nuclear scattering appropriate to inter-atomic Sensitive to light element and isotopes distances They have energies comparable to molecular motions They interact weakly with Solve the HTS materials, and can penetrate puzzle Li motion in fuel into the bulk Active sites in cells proteins They are non-destructive Most important: they see a completely different contrast compared to x-rays (with appropriate isotope Efficient high- labelling).
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, a Neutron Imaging
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 866 (2017) 9–12 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/nima Neutron imaging detector with 2 µm spatial resolution based on event reconstruction of neutron capture in gadolinium oxysulfide scintillators Daniel S. Hussey *, Jacob M. LaManna, Elias Baltic, David L. Jacobson Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., MS 8461, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA article info a b s t r a c t Keywords: We report on efforts to improve the achievable spatial resolution in neutron imaging by centroiding the Neutron imaging scintillation light from gadolinium oxysulfide scintillators. The current state-of-the-art neutron imaging spatial Centroiding detector resolution is about 10 µm, and many applications of neutron imaging would benefit from at least an order of Neutron time of flight magnitude improvement in the spatial resolution. The detector scheme that we have developed magnifies the High resolution scintillation light from a gadolinium oxysulfide scintillator, calculates the center of mass of the scintillation event, resulting in an event-based imaging detector with spatial resolution of about 2 µm. Published by Elsevier B.V. 1. Introduction significantly improve on the spatial resolution over the current state-of- the-art [3–6]. Neutron imaging methods continue to rapidly develop and to be While a spatial resolution of ∼15 µm is adequate for many appli- applied in a wide array of research fields [1]. One aspect that has cations, there are several high impact research areas that require finer enabled neutron imaging to be more widely applied is the improvement spatial resolution.
    [Show full text]
  • High Resolution Neutron Imaging with Li-Glass Multicore Scintillating Fiber and Diffusion Studies to Enable Improved Neutron Imaging
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2019 High Resolution Neutron Imaging with Li-glass Multicore Scintillating Fiber and Diffusion Studies to Enable Improved Neutron Imaging Michael Moore University of Tennessee Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Recommended Citation Moore, Michael, "High Resolution Neutron Imaging with Li-glass Multicore Scintillating Fiber and Diffusion Studies to Enable Improved Neutron Imaging. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5681 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Michael Moore entitled "High Resolution Neutron Imaging with Li-glass Multicore Scintillating Fiber and Diffusion Studies to Enable Improved Neutron Imaging." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Nuclear Engineering. Jason Hayward, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Steven Zinkle, Charles Melcher, Howard Hall, Lawrence Heilbronn Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) High Resolution Neutron Imaging with Li-glass Multicore Scintillating Fiber and Diffusion Studies to Enable Improved Neutron Imaging A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Michael Edward Moore August 2019 © by Michael Edward Moore, 2019 All Rights Reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Imaging with Timepix Coupled Lithium Indium Diselenide
    Journal of Imaging Article Neutron Imaging with Timepix Coupled Lithium Indium Diselenide Elan Herrera 1 ID , Daniel Hamm 1 ID , Ashley Stowe 1,2 ID , Jeffrey Preston 2, Brenden Wiggins 2,3 ID , Arnold Burger 3 ID and Eric Lukosi 1,* ID 1 Department of Nuclear Engineering, The University of Tennessee, 308 Pasqua Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; [email protected] (E.H.); [email protected] (D.H); [email protected] (A.S.) 2 Y-12 National Security Complex, New Hope Center, 602 Scarboro Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; [email protected] (J.P.); [email protected] (B.W.) 3 Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, 1000 17th Avenue N., Nashville, TN 37208, USA; aburger@fisk.edu * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-865-974-6568 Received: 31 October 2017; Accepted: 14 December 2017; Published: 29 December 2017 Abstract: The material lithium indium diselenide, a single crystal neutron sensitive semiconductor, has demonstrated its capabilities as a high resolution imaging device. The sensor was prepared with a 55 µm pitch array of gold contacts, designed to couple with the Timepix imaging ASIC. The resulting device was tested at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, demonstrating a response to cold neutrons when enriched in 95% 6Li. The imaging system performed a series of experiments resulting in a <200 µm resolution limit with the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) Siemens star mask and a feature resolution of 34 µm with a knife-edge test. Furthermore, the system was able to resolve the University of Tennessee logo inscribed into a 3D printed 1 cm3 plastic block.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Imaging Liu2013 APL Accepted
    Demonstration of achromatic cold-neutron microscope utilizing axisymmetric focusing mirrors The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Liu, D., D. Hussey, M. V. Gubarev, B. D. Ramsey, D. Jacobson, M. Arif, D. E. Moncton, and B. Khaykovich. Demonstration of Achromatic Cold-neutron Microscope Utilizing Axisymmetric Focusing Mirrors. Applied Physics Letters 102, no. 18 (2013): 183508. As Published http://link.aip.org/link/doi/10.1063/1.4804178 Publisher American Physical Society Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79044 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. Accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4804178 Demonstration of Achromatic Cold-Neutron Microscope Utilizing Axisymmetric Focusing Mirrors D. Liu1, D. Hussey2, M.V. Gubarev3, B. D. Ramsey3, D. Jacobson2, M. Arif2, D. E. Moncton1,4, and B. Khaykovich1a 1Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 138 Albany St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 2Physical Measurement Laboratory, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8461 USA 3Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA, VP62, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA 4Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA An achromatic cold-neutron microscope with magnification 4 is demonstrated. The image- forming optics is composed of nested coaxial mirrors of full figures of revolution, so-called Wolter optics. The spatial resolution, field of view, and depth of focus are measured and found consistent with ray-tracing simulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Sources
    Neutron Sources Christine Darve African School of Fundamental Physics and its Applications www.europeanspallationsource.se August 20, 2014 Outline • Neutrons properties and their interactions • How to generate intense neutron beams using high power proton linear accelerator: The example of the ESS for further reading • Applications using Neutrons 2 Electro-magnetic Spectrum 3 Neutron Microscope – Length scales 4 Neutron Microscope – Time & energy scales 5 Ionizing Radiation Ionizing radiation is radiation composed of particles that individually carry enough energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule without raising the bulk material to ionization temperature. When ionizing radiation is emitted by or absorbed by an atom, it can liberate a particle. Such an event can alter chemical bonds and produce ions, usually in ion-pairs, that are especially chemically reactive. Note: Neutrons, having zero electrical charge, do not interact electromagnetically with electrons, and so they cannot directly cause ionization by this mechanism. High precision non-destructive probe … why ? 6 Neutrons Properties Note: X-rays are emitted by electrons Synchrotron X-rays outside the nucleus, while gamma rays are emitted by the Neutrons nucleus. 1.675×10-27 kg 7 Neutron Energy h 1 2 h l = E = kBT E = kBT = 2 mv = 2 mv 2ml Boltzmann distribution De Broglie 1 2 E [meV ] = 0.0862 T [K] = 5.22 v [km /s] = 81.81 2 [A] l Source Energy Temperature Wavelength cold 0.1-10 1-120 30-3 thermal 5-100 60-1000 4-1 hot 100-500 1000-6000 1-0.4 Why neutrons? Wave Particle Magnetic moment Neutral Neutron properties are used to understand the nature of the solid and liquid states of matter, as an analytical tool to aid the development of materials and as a tool to examine curiosity-driven research that spans from cosmology, superconductivity to the dynamics of the molecules of life.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Ultracold Neutrons for Condensed-Matter Studies
    LA-13197-MS Use of Ultracold Neutrons for Condensed-Matter Studies MASTER Los Alamos NATIONAL LABORATORY Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the University of California for the United States Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. Edited by ^ana Buican, Group CIC-1 An Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither The Regents of the University of California, the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by The Regents of the University of California, the United States Government, or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of The Regents of the University of California, the United States Government, or any agency thereof. Los Alamos National Laboratory strongly supports academic freedom and a researcher's right to publish; as an institution, however, the Laboratory does not endorse the viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical correctness. LA-13197-MS UC-910 Issued: May 1997 Use of Ultracold Neutrons for Condensed-Matter Studies Andre Michaudon DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Demonstration of Focusing Wolter Mirrors for Neutron Phase and Magnetic Imaging
    Demonstration of Focusing Wolter Mirrors for Neutron Phase and Magnetic Imaging The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Hussey, Daniel et al. "Demonstration of Focusing Wolter Mirrors for Neutron Phase and Magnetic Imaging." Journal of Imaging 4, 3 (March 2018): 50 © 2018 The Authors As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging4030050 Publisher MDPI AG Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114674 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Journal of Imaging Article Demonstration of Focusing Wolter Mirrors for Neutron Phase and Magnetic Imaging Daniel S. Hussey 1,*, Han Wen 2, Huarui Wu 3, Thomas R. Gentile 1, Wangchun Chen 4,5, David L. Jacobson 1, Jacob M. LaManna 1 ID and Boris Khaykovich 6 ID 1 Physical Measurement Laboratory, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8461, USA; [email protected] (T.R.G.); [email protected] (D.L.J.); [email protected] (J.M.L.) 2 National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; [email protected] 3 Key Laboratory of Particle & Radiation Imaging, Tsinghua University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China; [email protected] 4 NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA; [email protected] 5 Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA 6 Nuclear Reactor Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-301-975-6465 Received: 1 November 2017; Accepted: 2 March 2018; Published: 6 March 2018 Abstract: Image-forming focusing mirrors were employed to demonstrate their applicability to two different modalities of neutron imaging, phase imaging with a far-field interferometer, and magnetic-field imaging through the manipulation of the neutron beam polarization.
    [Show full text]
  • Neutron Imaging at the Spallation Source SINQ
    Neutron imaging at the spallation source SINQ Information for potential users and customers Battery research: distribution of the electrolyte inside the battery, visualized with neutrons. Contents 4 Neutron imaging 4 Introduction 6 Nondestructive testing 7 Neutron transmission 10 Facilities 10 SINQ 12 NEUTRA overview 14 ICON overview 16 NEUTRA 17 ICON 18 Detectors and methods 18 Principle of measurements 19 Neutron microscope 20 Detectors 22 Tomography 23 Time dependent neutron radio- and tomography 24 Energy-selective imaging 25 Phase contrast and dark-field microscopy with neutrons 27 Scientifc use 31 Industrial applications 34 Outlook 34 Neutron imaging with polarized neutrons 35 PSI in brief 1 3 Imprint 31 Contacts Cover photo Placing a plant sample for radiographic inspection at the cold neutron imaging facility ICON. Neutron imaging shows humidity transport from soil into roots (see page 28). 3 Neutron imaging Introduction neutron imaging for a wide range of scopic samples. In this booklet we applications. concentrate on these latter, macro- This booklet presents information scopic, neutron imaging applications. about “neutron imaging”, or as it is Neutrons are – as their partners the For neutron imaging, strong neutron usually referred to, neutron radiogra- protons– the building blocks of the sources are required in order to guar- phy. Neutron radiography is in use at atoms, of which matter is made. Free antee high quality radiography image. Paul Scherrer institute since 1997 and neutrons are produced solely by nu- Paul Scherrer Institute operated for is still in further development, particu- clear reactions. Besides their use for many years the research nuclear reactor larly with regard to new measurement energy production in nuclear reactors, SAPHIR (commissioned 1957), which methods and applications.
    [Show full text]
  • NRL Future Committee Report
    Report of the Committee on the Future of the MIT Nuclear Reactor Laboratory April 27, 2015 Co-Chairs Richard S. Lester, Massachusetts Institute of Technology David E. Moncton, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Members George F. Flanagan, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Mujid S. Kazimi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology J. David Litster, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Regis A. Matzie, Westinghouse Electric Company (Ret.) Richard G. Milner, Massachusetts Institute of Technology David Petti, Idaho National Laboratory Joy L. Rempe, Idaho National Laboratory (Ret.) Bilge Yildiz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Introduction 9 Research Reactors in the United States 9 History of the MIT Reactor 11 Educational Impact 12 3. The Current MITR In-core Research Program 14 Uranium-Zirconium Hydride Fuel 14 EPRI Silicon Carbide Composite Channel Box Project (BSiC) 15 Westinghouse Accident Tolerant Fuel Project 16 Ultrasonic Transducers Irradiation Test (ULTRA) 17 FHR Materials and Fluoride Salt Irradiation 17 In-Core Crack Growth Measurement Facility 18 Future Outlook 18 4. Upgrading the MITR’s Capabilities 20 Enhanced Ancillary Facilities 20 A Sub-Critical Facility 22 A Digital Control System 22 Conversion to Low Enrichment Uranium 23 Impact on the Nuclear Technology Community 23 Possible New or Improved Core 24 5. A Broader Vision of the NRL 25 Materials Under Extreme Radiation Conditions 25 Impact on the Nuclear Materials Community 28 Construction of New Support Space 29 6. Faculty Interest 31 Faculty Input 32 Professor Rafael Jaramillo 32 Professor Ju Li 34 Professor Michael Demkowicz 35 Professor Michael Short 36 Dr. Zach Hartwig (on behalf of Professor Dennis Whyte, Professor Areg Danagoulian, and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • OYSTER Big Ideas from Small Particles Neutron Research in Brief
    Delft University of Technology of University Delft OYSTER Big ideas from small particles Neutron research in brief OYSTER Why neutron research? Neutrons are released when atomic nuclei split. These extremely tiny a penetrating look particles penetrate deeply into material exposed to them. By measuring changes into matter in the neutrons’ speed and direction when they collide with atoms, we are able to look inside materials while the materials themselves remain intact. With the knowledge thus derived, we gain an idea of how materials originated and the processes which play a role. This allows us to change materials according to our OYSTER is the project that will make the specifications and give them the best properties for their function. research reactor of the Reactor Institute Delft (RID) considerably broader and more precise How does this neutron research in its applicability. With OYSTER, the neutrons work now? The neutrons produced through atomic generated in the reactor are cooled by a device fission in the research reactor are ”let containing liquid hydrogen, slowed down and loose” on materials. Around the research reactor are numerous extremely made steerable in beams. This makes new and advanced and mostly unique instruments better measurement techniques possible, even for making measurements. Neutrons have not only the desirable property allowing us to monitor the production of materials of penetrating deeply into materials, and nutrients in real time. they also have the vexing trait of being difficult to control. They cannot be steered with electrical or magnetic fields. Focusing them with lenses also has very OYSTER offers enormous benefits for little effect.
    [Show full text]