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NSW Rainforest Trees Part
This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. · RESEARCH NOTE No. 35 ~.I~=1 FORESTRY COMMISSION OF N.S.W. RESEARCH NOTE No. 35 P)JBLISHED 197R N.S.W. RAINFOREST TREES PART VII FAMILIES: PROTEACEAE SANTALACEAE NYCTAGINACEAE GYROSTEMONACEAE ANNONACEAE EUPOMATIACEAE MONIMIACEAE AUTHOR A.G.FLOYD (Research Note No. 35) National Library of Australia card number and ISBN ISBN 0 7240 13997 ISSN 0085-3984 INTRODUCTION This is the seventh in a series ofresearch notes describing the rainforest trees of N.S. W. Previous publications are:- Research Note No. 3 (I 960)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part I Family LAURACEAE. A. G. Floyd and H. C. Hayes. Research Note No. 7 (1961)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part II Families Capparidaceae, Escalloniaceae, Pittosporaceae, Cunoniaceae, Davidsoniaceae. A. G. Floyd and H. C. Hayes. Research Note No. 28 (I 973)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part III Family Myrtaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 29 (I 976)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part IV Family Rutaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 32 (I977)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part V Families Sapindaceae, Akaniaceae. A. G. Floyd. Research Note No. 34 (1977)-N.S.W. Rainforest Trees. Part VI Families Podocarpaceae, Araucariaceae, Cupressaceae, Fagaceae, Ulmaceae, Moraceae, Urticaceae. -
Vegetation Benchmarks Rainforest and Related Scrub
Vegetation Benchmarks Rainforest and related scrub Eucryphia lucida Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum peatland facies Community Description: Athrotaxis cupressoides (5–8 m) forms small woodland patches or appears as copses and scattered small trees. On the Central Plateau (and other dolerite areas such as Mount Field), broad poorly– drained valleys and small glacial depressions may contain scattered A. cupressoides trees and copses over Sphagnum cristatum bogs. In the treeless gaps, Sphagnum cristatum is usually overgrown by a combination of any of Richea scoparia, R. gunnii, Baloskion australe, Epacris gunnii and Gleichenia alpina. This is one of three benchmarks available for assessing the condition of RPW. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the Sphagnum facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002). Benchmarks: Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 10% - - - Large Trees - 6 20 5 Organic Litter 10% - Logs ≥ 10 - 2 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 1 Medium shrub/small shrub S 3 30 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 2 10 Ground fern GF 1 1 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 70 Total 5 8 Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum facies Species lists: Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Present as a sparse canopy Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Epacris gunnii coral heath S Richea scoparia scoparia S Richea gunnii bog candleheath S Astelia alpina pineapple grass MSR Baloskion australe southern cordrush MSR Gleichenia alpina dwarf coralfern GF Sphagnum cristatum sphagnum ML *This list is provided as a guide only. -
Persoonia Levis Broad-Leaved Geebung
Persoonia levis Broad-leaved Geebung Geebung is an unusual name derived from Aboriginal languages: geebung is the name used by the Dharuk in the Sydney Region, and Jibbong by the Wiradjuri1. The genus name Persoonia, to our ears, is also unusual until you find out that it is named after a Dutch mycologist (someone who studies fungi), Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. Geebungs are endemic to Australia and there are almost 100 species which, for the most part, are found in eastern Australia, and in the SW corner of Western Australia. They are mostly small trees or shrubs. This particular species, Persoonia levis, common in Sydney bushland, grows along the central and north coast of NSW, and in the SE corner of NSW and NE corner of Victoria. We are accustomed to the subtle olives, blues, greys and yellowish greens of the foliage of the Australian bush but the Broad-leaved Geebung is quite a contrast with bright, apple green foliage. The fruits, too, are unusual, round and succulent, bright green colouring to purple, very different from the dry, hard fruits of other genera in the same (Proteaceae) family, for example, Needle Bush (Hakea), Telopea (Waratah), Grevillea and Woodly Pear (Xylomelum). Geebungs are also unusual in that they have seven chromosomes that are much larger than those of other Proteaceae2. Broad-leaved Geebung has papery bark that provides some protection from bushfires. Peel back the superficial burnt bark and you will find glorious, rich crimson beneath the blackened exterior. This species also has the potential to resprout after fires, and regenerate from seed. -
Table of Contents Below) with Family Name Provided
1 Australian Plants Society Plant Table Profiles – Sutherland Group (updated August 2021) Below is a progressive list of all cultivated plants from members’ gardens and Joseph Banks Native Plants Reserve that have made an appearance on the Plant Table at Sutherland Group meetings. Links to websites are provided for the plants so that further research can be done. Plants are grouped in the categories of: Trees and large shrubs (woody plants generally taller than 4 m) Medium to small shrubs (woody plants from 0.1 to 4 m) Ground covers or ground-dwelling (Grasses, orchids, herbaceous and soft-wooded plants, ferns etc), as well as epiphytes (eg: Platycerium) Vines and scramblers Plants are in alphabetical order by botanic names within plants categories (see table of contents below) with family name provided. Common names are included where there is a known common name for the plant: Table of Contents Trees and Large shrubs........................................................................................................................... 2 Medium to small shrubs ...................................................................................................................... 23 Groundcovers and other ground‐dwelling plants as well as epiphytes. ............................................ 64 Vines and Scramblers ........................................................................................................................... 86 Sutherland Group http://sutherland.austplants.com.au 2 Trees and Large shrubs Acacia decurrens -
Oemona Hirta
EPPO Datasheet: Oemona hirta Last updated: 2021-07-29 IDENTITY Preferred name: Oemona hirta Authority: (Fabricius) Taxonomic position: Animalia: Arthropoda: Hexapoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Other scientific names: Isodera villosa (Fabricius), Oemona humilis Newman, Oemona villosa (Fabricius), Saperda hirta Fabricius, Saperda villosa Fabricius Common names: lemon tree borer view more common names online... EPPO Categorization: A1 list more photos... view more categorizations online... EU Categorization: A1 Quarantine pest (Annex II A) EPPO Code: OEMOHI Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature Lu & Wang (2005) revised the genus Oemona, which has 4 species: O. hirta, O. plicicollis, O. separata and O. simplicicollis. They provided an identification key to species and detailed descriptions. They also performed a phylogenetic analysis of all species, suggesting that O. hirta and O. plicicollis are sister species and most similar morphologically. HOSTS O. hirta is a highly polyphagous longhorn beetle. Its larvae feed on over 200 species of trees and shrubs from 63 (Lu & Wang, 2005; Wang, 2017) to 81 (EPPO, 2014) families. Its original hosts were native New Zealand plants, but it expanded its host range to many species exotic to New Zealand, ranging from major fruit, nut, forest and ornamental trees to shrubs and grapevines. Host list: Acacia dealbata, Acacia decurrens, Acacia floribunda, Acacia longifolia, Acacia melanoxylon, Acacia pycnantha, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer sp., Aesculus hippocastanum, Agathis australis, Albizia julibrissin, Alectryon excelsus, Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incana, Aristotelia serrata, Asparagus setaceus, Avicennia marina, Avicennia resinifera, Azara sp., Betula nigra, Betula pendula, Betula sp., Brachyglottis greyi, Brachyglottis repanda, Brachyglottis rotundifolia, Buddleia davidii, Camellia sp., Carmichaelia australis, Casimiroa edulis, Cassinia leptophylla, Cassinia retorta, Castanea sativa, Casuarina cunninghamiana, Casuarina sp., Celtis australis, Cestrum elegans, Chamaecyparis sp., Chamaecytisus prolifer subsp. -
This Land System Is Restricted to an Area Around Mount Mueller Which Is
Organic soil is typical of surface horizons in the 798331 land system with substrates consisting of unsorted glacial material. Shallow clay loam or light clay MOUNT MUELLER soils may have formed on upper slopes. Valley This land system is restricted to an area around and lower slope locations support forest or Mount Mueller which is situated in the east of rainforest with localised areas of scrub. The scrub the study area. It consists of relatively long, steep on the upper slopes is clearly evident on aerial slopes underlain by Pleistocene glacial deposits photographs. that are composed predominantly of Jurassic dolerite derived from Mount Mueller. On the lower slopes sandstone and shale fragments together with minor amounts of laterite were also found The area is designated State Forest. Sheet and in these deposits. Valley and upper slope locations rill erosion are potential problems if the forest is were not investigated during field work. cleared. 118 LAND S Y S T E M MT M U E L L E R 7 9 8 3 3 1 A r e a ( h a ) : 1 7 8 5 ALTITUDINAL RANGE (m) 600-900 APPROXIMATE ANNUAL RAINFALL(mm) 1500-2000 SITE NO. /ALTITUDE (m)/ASPECT 168/480/W No site data No site data TOPOGRAPHY Slopes Position Lower slopes Valleys Upper slopes Typical Slope( ) 10-20 20-40 15-30 Proportion(%) 70 10 20 GEOLOGY Dolerite scree deposits of Pleistocene age NATIVE VEGETATION Open-forest Closed-forest Scrub Structure Eucalyptus nitida Nothofagus cunninghamii Nothofaqus cunninghamii Floristic E. delegatensis Atherosperma moschatum Eucalyptus coccifera Association Banksia marginata Phyllocladus aspleniifolius Telopea truncata (See Appendix 1 Leptospermum nitidum Leptospermum lanigerum Orites revoluta for common Bauera rubioides Anopterus qlandulosus Richea scoparia names ) Acacia mucronata Bauera rubioides Gahnia grandis Blechnum wattsii Monotoca qlauca Trochocarpa gunnii Pittosporum bicolor Dicksonia antarctica Cenarrhenes nitida SOIL Surface(A or P Dark reddish brown (5 YR 2. -
Lesson 2 Culture of Native Plants
LESSON 2 CULTURE OF NATIVE PLANTS Aim Determine cultural practices to maintain healthy native plants. Australian Natives are generally easily cultivated under a wide variety of conditions within the garden. Species natural to any given area with usually perform better then those introduced from other areas. The climate, soil, aspect and the characteristics of the plant should all be given consideration before choosing appropriate species. Once you have learnt to develop a good plan and also understand the growing conditions required, a native garden will provide you with years of beauty and pleasure Galls on Acacias are often caused by wasps Treatment –remove and destroy damaged tissues. CULTIVATION OF AUSTRALIAN PLANTS There are three main things which affect the way a plant grows. They are environmental factors such as temperature, light or moisture; nutrition (ie. the supply of food to the plant and the influence of pest and diseases on the plant's health. You should strive to gain a broad appreciation of these three factors. With such an understanding comes the ability to make your own decisions about how to grow a particular plant in a particular place. Environmental factors Consider where the plant grows naturally. This may give you some idea of its requirements (eg. Banskias tend to occur in well drained soils, indicating that they need good drainage; plants which grow above the snowline will probably tolerate very cold conditions, etc.). A plant which is grown outside of its natural environment can often still be grown successfully, but you may find that it will grow differently (eg. -
The Flower Chain the Early Discovery of Australian Plants
The Flower Chain The early discovery of Australian plants Hamilton and Brandon, Jill Douglas Hamilton Duchess of University of Sydney Library Sydney, Australia 2002 http://setis.library.usyd.edu.au/ozlit © University of Sydney Library. The texts and images are not to be used for commercial purposes without permission Source Text: Prepared with the author's permission from the print edition published by Kangaroo Press Sydney 1998 All quotation marks are retained as data. First Published: 1990 580.994 1 Australian Etext Collections at botany prose nonfiction 1940- women writers The flower chain the early discovery of Australian plants Sydney Kangaroo Press 1998 Preface Viewing Australia through the early European discovery, naming and appreciation of its flora, gives a fresh perspective on the first white people who went to the continent. There have been books on the battle to transform the wilderness into an agriculturally ordered land, on the convicts, on the goldrush, on the discovery of the wealth of the continent, on most aspects of settlement, but this is the first to link the story of the discovery of the continent with the slow awareness of its unique trees, shrubs and flowers of Australia. The Flower Chain Chapter 1 The Flower Chain Begins Convict chains are associated with early British settlement of Australia, but there were also lighter chains in those grim days. Chains of flowers and seeds to be grown and classified stretched across the oceans from Botany Bay to Europe, looping back again with plants and seeds of the old world that were to Europeanise the landscape and transform it forever. -
Edible Native Plants Cheeseberry Leptecophylla Juniperina Coast Beardheath Or Native Currant Coast Daisybush Olearia Axillaris Coastal Wattle Acacia Longifolia Subsp
Copperleaf Snowberry Gaultheria hispida Ants Delight Acrotriche serrulata Barilla or Grey Saltbush Atriplex cinerea Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae-zelandiae Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma Cape Barren Tea Correa alba Copperleaf Snowberry Gaultheria hispida Running Postman Kennedia prostrata Woolly Teatree Leptospermum lanigerum Edible Native Plants Cheeseberry Leptecophylla juniperina Coast Beardheath or Native Currant Coast Daisybush Olearia axillaris Coastal Wattle Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae Cranberry Heath Astroloma humifusum OF TASMANIA subsp. juniperina Yellow Everlastingbush Ozothamnus obcordatus Key PART OF PLANT USED Underground Leaves/Leaf Bases Flowers Fruit Part Creeping Strawberry Pine Cutting Grass Gahnia grandis Erect Currantbush Leptomeria drupacea Grasstree, yamina or Green Appleberry Billardiera mutabilis Microcachrys tetragona Geebung Persoonia spp. Yacca Xanthorrhoea australis Purple Appleberry Meristem/Bud Exudate/Sap Seeds PREPARATION AND USE Snack Process Cook Eat Raw Tea Sweet Drink Flavouring CAUTION Hazard / Toxin Harvest Kills Plant Heartberry Aristotelia peduncularis Kangaroo Apple Solanum laciniatum Leeklily Bulbine spp. Lemon-leaf Heathmyrtle Baeckea gunniana Macquarie Vine or Blue Flaxlily Dionella spp. River Mint Mentha australis Native Grape Muehlenbeckia spp. Manfern or lakri Dicksonia antarctica or Milkmaids Burchardia umbellata Mountain Pepper Tasmannia lanceolata Native Cherry Exocarpus cupressiformis Native Ivyleaf Violet Viola hederacea Native Raspberry Rubus pavifolius Cyathea ssp. Native Bluebell Wahlenbergia spp. More information Cautionary Notes This poster is only a guide to what’s potentially edible. - sance so be cautious. Consume any new or unfamiliar food in small quantities. Ensure fruits are fully ripe. Note it’s often best not to ingest seeds or pips. cultivation and contemporary use of our edible native plants is still an evolving art and science. Source plants for your garden from native plant nurseries. -
Proteaceae Spring Walkabout KWG
Proteaceae Spring Walkabout KWG Many members of the plant family Proteaceae are growing in Ku-ring-gai Wildflower Garden. They have tubular flowers with parts in multiples of four and a superior ovary with one chamber. Style is simple and there are four stamens. The individual flowers are often arranged together in groups called inflorescences. Detailed botanical descriptions are given on the PlantNET website: plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au Excellent pictures can be found on the Hornsby Library website: www.hornsby.nsw.gov.au/library under heading: Herbarium - Plants Found in the Local Area. Fuller descriptions of these plants can be found in “notes” on our Walks & Talks page Australian Plants Society North Shore Group website: https://austplants.com.au/North-Shore/ Grevillea buxifolia: Grevillea speciosa: Grevillea linearifolia: “Grey Spider Flower” “Red Spider Flower” “Linear-leaf Grevillea” Hairy, grey-brown flowers Bright crimson flowers Small, white flowers ovate leaves. ovate leaves. long, narrow leaves Hakea sericea Lambertia formosa: Banksia serrata “Needlebush” “Mountain Devil” “Old Man Banksia” White flower clusters Tubular flowers in groups of 7 Dense, pale flower-spike spiky leaves stiff, spiky leaves in whorls of 3 large serrated leaves large, round, horned fruit. horned, woody fruit. fruits are woody follicles. Persoonia pinifolia: Telopea speciosissima: Isopogon anemonifolius “Pine-leaf Geebung” “Waratah” “Drumstick” Yellow flowers Dense, globular flowerhead Spherical flowerhead slender leaves cupped in prominent red bracts divided, flat leaves fruit a spherical drupe. leathery, irregular-toothed leaves. spherical, woody fruit. PLEASE RETURN THIS SHEET AFTER USE . -
Native Plants for Mudgee Gardens the Following Is a Selection of Native Plants That Are Generally Reliable in Mudgee Gardens
Central West Group Native Plants for Mudgee Gardens The following is a selection of native plants that are generally reliable in Mudgee gardens. For more information about the culture of these plants specific to your location, ask your local plant nursery. # - Plant occurs naturally within the Mudgee region. Try the Atlas of NSW Wildlife on the NSW Environment and Heritage website for more local flora and fauna: www.bionet.nsw.gov.au/. Botanical name Common name Notes Large trees (over 10m tall) Eucalyptus elata River Peppermint Suitable for slight salinity Eucalyptus leucoxylon Yellow Gum Pink and red flowers forms, attractive bark Eucalyptus nicholii Narrow-leaf Peppermint Pendulous habit with narrow leaves, shade tree Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum Suitable for moist sites Eucalyptus scoparia Willow Gum Fast growing, ornamental Grevillea robusta Silky Oak Fern-like foliage, large orange flowers, attracts birds Melia azedarach White Cedar Deciduous, mauve flowers, orange berries Small trees / large shrubs (5 to 10m tall) Acacia vestita # Hairy Wattle Graceful drooping shrub, very hardy Banksia ericifolia Heath Banksia Bird attracting, heath-like foliage Eucalyptus eximia ssp nana Dwarf Bloodwood Eucalyptus stricta Blue Mountains Mallee Multi-stemmed form, bark smooth, scribbled Eucalyptus viridis Green Mallee Multi-stemmed form, fine foliage, cream flowers Grevillea barklyana Gully Grevillea Fast growing screen plant, tolerates shade Melaleuca armillaris Honey Myrtle Suitable for moist sites Melaleuca bracteata White Cloud Tree Suitable -
Dormancy Mechanisms of Persoonia Sericea and P. Virgata
Dormancy mechanisms of Persoonia sericea and P. virgata Fruit processing, seed viability and dormancy mechanisms of Persoonia sericea A. Cunn. ex R. Br. and P. virgata R.Br. (Proteaceae) Lynda M. Bauer, Margaret E. Johnston and Richard R. Williams School of Agronomy and Horticulture, The University of Queensland Gatton, Queensland, Australia 4343. Corresponding author Dr Margaret Johnston [email protected] Key words: Australian plant, woody endocarp, digestion, physical dormancy, aseptic culture 1 Summary The morphology of the fruit and difficulties with fruit processing impose major limitations to germination of Persoonia sericea and P. virgata. The mesocarp must be removed without harming the embryo. Fermentation of fruit or manual removal of the mesocarp was effective but digestion in 32% hydrochloric acid (HCl) completely inhibited germination. The endocarp is extremely hard and therefore very difficult and time consuming to remove without damaging the seeds. The most efficient method was cracking the endocarp with pliers, followed by manual removal of seeds. Germination was completely inhibited unless at least half of the endocarp was removed. Microbial contamination of the fruit and seeds was controlled by disinfestation and germination of the seed under aseptic conditions. The results suggest that dormancy in these species is primarily due to physical restriction of the embryo by the hard endocarp. Introduction Persoonia virgata R. Br. is an Australian native shrub with attractive, yellow, bell- shaped flowers. The stems, whether flowering or vegetative, are used as ‘fillers’ in floral bouquets. Even though markets exist for the foliage of P. virgata, it has not been introduced into commercial cultivation due to extreme propagation difficulties.