DOCSLIB.ORG

Environmental Report for Catawba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Environmental Report for Catawba Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Catawba Nuclear Station This page intentionally left blank. Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Introduction Introduction Duke Energy Corporation (Duke) submits this Environmental Report (ER) as part of Duke’s application to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to renew the operating licenses for Units 1 and 2 of the Catawba Nuclear Station (Catawba). The Duke application is a combined application to renew the licenses for McGuire Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2, and Catawba Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2 for twenty years beyond the end of the current licenses. In compliance with applicable NRC requirements, this ER analyzes potential environmental impacts associated with renewal of the Catawba licenses. A separate ER is submitted as part of the application to analyze potential environmental impacts associated with the renewal of the McGuire licenses. This ER is designed to assist the NRC Staff in preparing the Catawba-specific Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement required for license renewal. The Catawba ER complies with 10 CFR § 54.23, which requires license renewal applicants to submit a supplement to the Environmental Report which complies with requirements of Subpart A of 10 CFR Part 51. This Report also addresses the more detailed requirements of NRC environmental regulations in 10 CFR §§ 51.45 and 51.53, as well as the underlying intent of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et seq. For major federal actions, NEPA requires preparation of a detailed statement that addresses their significant environmental impacts, adverse environmental effects that cannot be avoided should the proposal be implemented, alternatives to the proposed action, and any irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources associated with implementation of the proposed action. The NRC Regulatory Guide Supplement 1 to Regulatory Guide 4.2 Preparation of Supplemental Environmental Reports for Applications to Renew Nuclear Power Plant Operating Licenses [Reference 1] was used as guidance on the format and content in the preparation of this ER. The level of information provided on the various topics and issues in this ER is commensurate with the extent of the analysis provided for the particular topic or issue. Based upon the evaluations discussed in this ER, Duke has concluded that no significant environmental impacts are associated with the renewal of the Catawba operating licenses. No major plant refurbishment activities have been identified as being necessary to support the continued operation of Catawba beyond the end of the existing operating licenses. Although normal plant maintenance activities may later be performed for economic and operational reasons, no significant environmental impacts associated with such maintenance activities are expected. The Application to Renew the Operating Licenses of McGuire Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2, and Catawba Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2, assumes throughout that licensed activities are now conducted, and will continue to be conducted, in accordance with the i Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Introduction facilities’ current licensing bases (e.g., use of low enriched uranium fuel only). Any changes made to the current licensing basis of McGuire Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2 or Catawba Nuclear Station, Units 1 and 2 during the staff review of this Application will be made in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and with Commission regulations. ii Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Table of Contents 1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR THE PROPOSED ACTION .............................1-1 2.0 SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFACES .............................................2-1 2.1 Site Location.................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Site Description ............................................................................................2-1 2.3 General Site Environment ............................................................................2-2 2.4 Population.....................................................................................................2-2 2.5 Aquatic Environment ...................................................................................2-4 2.6 Terrestrial Environment ...............................................................................2-8 2.7 Historic and Archaeological Resources......................................................2-10 3.0 THE PROPOSED ACTION................................................................................3-1 Description of the Proposed Action .............................................................................3-1 3.1 General Plant Description ............................................................................3-1 3.2 Refurbishment Activities............................................................................3-15 3.3 Programs and Activities for Managing the Effects of Aging .....................3-15 3.4 Employment ...............................................................................................3-16 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE PROPOSED ACTION..4-1 Discussion of GEIS Categories of Environmental Issues ............................................4-1 Category 1 Issues..........................................................................................................4-2 Category 2 Issues..........................................................................................................4-8 iii Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage Issues Not Applicable to Catawba .............................................................................4-10 Issues Applicable to Catawba Related to Refurbishment ..........................................4-10 4.1 Water use conflicts .....................................................................................4-11 4.2 Entrainment of Fish and Shellfish in Early Life Stages .............................4-18 4.3 Impingement of Fish and Shellfish.............................................................4-19 4.4 Heat Shock .................................................................................................4-20 4.5 Ground-Water Use Conflicts (Plants Using >100 gpm of Ground-Water) 4-21 4.6 Ground-Water Use Conflicts (Plants Using Cooling Towers Withdrawing Make-Up Water from a Small River).........................................................4-24 4.7 Ground-Water Use Conflicts (Plants Using Ranney Wells) ......................4-29 4.8 Degradation of Ground-Water Quality.......................................................4-30 4.9 Impacts of Refurbishment on Terrestrial Resources ..................................4-31 4.10 Threatened or Endangered Species ............................................................4-32 4.11 Air quality during refurbishment (non-attainment and maintenance areas)4-34 4.12 Impact on Public Health of Microbiological Organisms............................4-35 4.13 Electromagnetic Fields –Acute Effects ......................................................4-38 4.14 Housing Impacts.........................................................................................4-40 4.15 Public Utilities: Public Water Supply Availability ....................................4-42 4.16 Education Impacts from Refurbishment.....................................................4-44 4.17 Offsite Land Use (Refurbishment) .............................................................4-45 4.18 Offsite Land Use (License Renewal)..........................................................4-46 4.19 Transportation ............................................................................................4-50 4.20 Historic and Archaeological Properties......................................................4-53 4.21 Severe Accident Mitigation Alternatives ...................................................4-55 iv Catawba Nuclear Station Applicant’s Environmental Report Operating License Renewal Stage 4.22 Environmental Justice ................................................................................4-57 5.0 ASSESSMENT OF NEW AND SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION.................5-1 5.1 Requirement [§51.53(c)(3)(iv)]....................................................................5-1 5.2 Definition of New and Significant ...............................................................5-1 5.3 Scope of Review...........................................................................................5-2 5.4 Description of Review Process.....................................................................5-2 5.5 Results of the Review...................................................................................5-4 6.0 SUMMARY OF LICENSE RENEWAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING ACTIONS..............................................................................................................6-1 6.1 License Renewal Impacts .............................................................................6-1 6.2 Mitigation.....................................................................................................6-3 6.3 Unavoidable Adverse Impacts......................................................................6-9
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Analyzing the Energy Industry in United States
    +44 20 8123 2220 [email protected] Analyzing the Energy Industry in United States https://marketpublishers.com/r/AC4983D1366EN.html Date: June 2012 Pages: 700 Price: US$ 450.00 (Single User License) ID: AC4983D1366EN Abstracts The global energy industry has explored many options to meet the growing energy needs of industrialized economies wherein production demands are to be met with supply of power from varied energy resources worldwide. There has been a clearer realization of the finite nature of oil resources and the ever higher pushing demand for energy. The world has yet to stabilize on the complex geopolitical undercurrents which influence the oil and gas production as well as supply strategies globally. Aruvian's R'search’s report – Analyzing the Energy Industry in United States - analyzes the scope of American energy production from varied traditional sources as well as the developing renewable energy sources. In view of understanding energy transactions, the report also studies the revenue returns for investors in various energy channels which manifest themselves in American energy demand and supply dynamics. In depth view has been provided in this report of US oil, electricity, natural gas, nuclear power, coal, wind, and hydroelectric sectors. The various geopolitical interests and intentions governing the exploitation, production, trade and supply of these resources for energy production has also been analyzed by this report in a non-partisan manner. The report starts with a descriptive base analysis of the characteristics of the global energy industry in terms of economic quantity of demand. The drivers of demand and the traditional resources which are used to fulfill this demand are explained along with the emerging mandate of nuclear energy.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Ii Mine Tailings Facilities
    14 TOWARDS ZERO HARM – A COMPENDIUM OF PAPERS PREPARED FOR THE GLOBAL TAILINGS REVIEW TOWARDS ZERO HARM – A COMPENDIUM OF PAPERS PREPARED FOR THE GLOBAL TAILINGS REVIEW 15 SETTING THE SCENE CHAPTER II Upstream MINE TAILINGS 4 3 FACILITIES: OVERVIEW 2 1 AND INDUSTRY TRENDS Starter dyke: 1 Downstream The embankment design terms, upstream, Elaine Baker*, Professor, The University of Sydney, Australia and GRID Arendal, Arendal, Norway downstream and centreline, indicate the 4 Michael Davies*, Senior Advisor – Tailings & Mine Waste, Teck Resources Limited, Vancouver, Canada direction in which the embankment crest 3 moves in relation to the starter dyke at the Andy Fourie, Professor, University of Western Australia, Australia 2 base of the embankment wall. Gavin Mudd, Associate Professor, RMIT University, Australia 1 Kristina Thygesen, Programme Group Leader, Geological Resources and Ocean Governance, GRID Arendal, Norway Centreline Dyke: 2 to 4 or more 4 Dykes are added to raise the embankment. This continues throughout the operation 3 of the mine. 1. INTRODUCTION The tailings are most commonly stored on site 2 in a tailings storage facility. Storage methods for 1 This chapter provides an overview of mine tailings conventional tailings include cross-valley and paddock and mine tailings facilities. It illustrates why and (ring-dyke) impoundments, where the tailings are how mine tailings are produced, and the complexity behind a raised embankment(s) that then, by many Source: Vick, 1983, 1990 involved in the long-term storage and management definitions, become a dam, or multiple dams. of this waste product. The call for a global standard However, a tailings facility can have an embankment Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Catawba Nuclear Station, Units 1 & 2, Revision 19 to Updated Final Safety Analysis Report, Chapter 1, Introduction &
    Catawba Nuclear Station UFSAR Chapter 1 Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction & General Description of Station 1.1 Introduction 1.2 General Station Description 1.2.1 Site Characteristics 1.2.2 Station Description 1.2.2.1 Principal Design Criteria 1.2.2.2 General Arrangement 1.2.2.3 Nuclear Steam Supply System 1.2.2.4 Engineered Safety Features 1.2.2.5 Unit Control 1.2.2.6 Electrical Systems 1.2.2.7 Instrumentation and Control 1.2.2.8 Steam and Power Conversion System 1.2.2.9 Fuel Handling and Storage 1.2.2.10 Cooling Waters 1.2.2.11 Fire Protection 1.2.2.12 Radioactive Waste Management 1.2.2.13 Shared Facilities and Equipment 1.2.2.14 Standby Shutdown Facility (SSF) 1.3 Comparison Tables 1.3.1 Comparisons with Similar Facility Designs 1.3.2 Comparison of Final and Preliminary Information 1.4 Identification of Agents and Contractors 1.5 Material Incorporated by Reference 1.5.1 Westinghouse Topical Reports 1.5.2 Duke Reports 1.5.3 B&W Reports 1.5.4 EPRI Reports 1.5.5 Other Reports 1.6 Drawings and Other Detailed Information 1.6.1 Electrical Instrumentation and Control Drawings 1.6.2 Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams 1.7 Regulatory Guides 1.7.1.1 Regulatory Guides 1.7.2 References 1.8 Response to TMI Concerns 1.8.1 Response to TMI Concerns 1.8.1.1 Shift Technical Advisor (I.A.1.1) 1.8.1.2 Shift Supervisor Administrative Duties (I.A.1.2) 1.8.1.3 Shift Manning (I.A.1.3) 1.8.1.4 Immediate Upgrading of Operator and Senior Operator Training and Qualification (I.A.2.1) 1.8.1.5 Administration of Training Programs for Licensed Operators (I.A.2.3)
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Radiation Sample Plan
    2018 PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION SURVEILLANCE IN NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF Health and Human Services Division of Health and Service Regulation, Radiation Protection Section 5505 Creedmor road Raleigh, North Carolina 27612 Telephone: (919) 814-2250 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. INTRODUCTION Purpose of Plan. 1 Present Objectives of Program . 1-2 2018-PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION SURVEILLANCE Summary. 3-4 Statewide Surveillance. 5-7 Nuclear Facility Surveillance. 8-10 Site and Sample Maps. 11 Introduction The 2018 Environmental Radiation Surveillance Program will continue monitoring the radioactivity levels in the North Carolina environment. The purpose of this plan and the program’s objectives are included in this brief introduction. Purpose of Plan The purpose of this plan is to present the environmental radiological sampling program in North Carolina. This plan will assist the program’s sample collection staff in scheduling their sampling frequencies and time of sampling. Program staff document information concerning procedures used in the field and the State Laboratory of Public Health, such as field sampling, sampling preparation, counting equipment operation and data analyses. This information is available by contacting the environmental group in the Radioactive Materials Branch (RAM) of the Radiation Protection Section (RPS) in the Division of Health and Service Regulation. For more information about the section, please visit the RPS Web site at www.ncradiation.net. Present Objectives The program’s basic objectives is to monitor for potential releases of radioactivity from the three nuclear power plants operating in North Carolina, which have a combined total of five reactors, and one operating nuclear plant in South Carolina.
    [Show full text]
  • Dam Effects on Low-Tide Channel Pools and Fish Use of Estuarine Habitat
    Beaver in Tidal Marshes: Dam Effects on Low-Tide Channel Pools and Fish Use of Estuarine Habitat W. Gregory Hood Wetlands Official Scholarly Journal of the Society of Wetland Scientists ISSN 0277-5212 Wetlands DOI 10.1007/s13157-012-0294-8 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Society of Wetland Scientists. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author’s version for posting to your own website or your institution’s repository. You may further deposit the accepted author’s version on a funder’s repository at a funder’s request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication. 1 23 Author's personal copy Wetlands DOI 10.1007/s13157-012-0294-8 ARTICLE Beaver in Tidal Marshes: Dam Effects on Low-Tide Channel Pools and Fish Use of Estuarine Habitat W. Gregory Hood Received: 31 August 2011 /Accepted: 16 February 2012 # Society of Wetland Scientists 2012 Abstract Beaver (Castor spp.) are considered a riverine or can have multi-decadal or longer effects on river channel form, lacustrine animal, but surveys of tidal channels in the Skagit riverine and floodplain wetlands, riparian vegetation, nutrient Delta (Washington, USA) found beaver dams and lodges in the spiraling, benthic community structure, and the abundance and tidal shrub zone at densities equal or greater than in non-tidal productivity of fish and wildlife (Jenkins and Busher 1979; rivers. Dams were typically flooded by a meter or more during Naiman et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Byron, Units 1 & 2, Dresden, Units 2 & 3, James A. Fitzpatrick, Lasalle
    200 Exelon Way Exelon Generation ® Kennett Square. PA 19348 www.exeloncorp.com 10 CFR 50.55a RS-19-089 JAFP-19-0084 August 27, 2019 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Attn: Document Control Desk Washington, DC 20555-0001 Byron Station, Units 1 and 2 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. NPF-37 and NPF-66 NRC Docket Nos. STN 50-454 and STN 50-455 Dresden Nuclear Power Station, Units 2 and 3 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-19 and DPR-25 NRC Docket Nos. 50-237 and 50-249 James A. FitzPatrick Nuclear Power Plant Renewed Facility Operating License No. DPR-59 NRC Docket No. 50-333 LaSalle County Station, Units 1 and 2 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. NPF-11 and NPF-18 N RC Docket Nos. 50-373 and 50-37 4 Limerick Generating Station, Units 1 and 2 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. NPF-39 and NPF-85 N RC Docket Nos. 50-352 and 50-353 Quad Cities Nuclear Power Station, Units 1 and 2 Renewed Facility Operating License Nos. DPR-29 and DPR-30 NRC Docket Nos. 50-254 and 50-265 Subject: Request to Use a Provision of a Later Edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XI Reference: NRC Regulatory Issue Summary 2004-12, "Clarification on Use of Later Editions and Addenda to the ASME OM Code and Section XI," dated July 28, 2004 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Request to Use a Provision of a Later Addenda of the ASME B&PV Code, Section XI August 27, 2019 Page 2 In accordance with 10 CFR 50.55a, "Codes and standards," paragraph (g)(4)(iv), and the guidance provided in the referenced document, Exelon Generation Company, LLC (Exelon) requests NRC approval to use a specific provision of a later edition of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel (B&PV) Code, Section XI, for the units identified above.
    [Show full text]
  • Carolinas Energy Planning for the Future Summary Report
    CAROLINAS ENERGY Planning for the Future In December 2014, the South Carolina Energy Office, in collaboration with the North Carolina State Energy Program, Advanced Energy, and UNC Charlotte’s Energy Production and Infrastructure Center (EPIC), received a State Energy Program Competitive Award from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy to develop a bi- state coordinated vision for energy planning that can help meet state policy goals, support electric reliability, and comply with environmental standards. As part of the two-year project, EPIC led the creation of a working document that examines North Carolina’s and South Carolina’s energy capacities, infrastructure, regulations, emerging technologies, and energy projections. To summarize the main findings from the working document, this condensed version has been written. This summary document is divided into three sections: Baseline, Projections, and Challenges and Opportunities. The Baseline section describes the region and its demographics, energy consumption, and utility landscape. The Projections section summarizes energy resource trends and forecasts from utility providers. The Challenges and Opportunities section covers the energy challenges facing both states along with opportunities for the future. Overall, this document aims to develop bi-state communication around commonalities in energy production and consumption in the Carolinas. The information presented here is only current as of the dates mentioned throughout the report. For the most current information, please visit the websites listed in the resources section. *Photography Credit: Duke Energy Project funded in part by U.S. Department of Energy, Award Number DE-EE0003884-CFDA #81.041 BASELINE Regional Population Energy Consumption BASELINE 3 Population is growing in the Carolinas.
    [Show full text]
  • Nrc Liaison Report
    SC-2Mtg07-2_Att#10 NRC LIAISON REPORT • STP first company to step forward in decades seeking new reactor license The application, a 200,000-page document submitted on a single DVD, was filed on September 24. The staff and STP officials met October 11 for the first public meeting since the application was filed. NRC staffers outlined several issues during the meeting, including a lack of supporting documents for at least two sections, outdated data for one section, missing figures for another and, in one instance, the absence of state emergency preparedness plans that were cross-referenced in the application. • TVA Opts For AP1000 Design Instead Of Completing Partially Finished Existing Reactors. TVA is submitting the combined operating license request nearly two decades after work stopped in 1988 toward building two similar-sized reactors at Bellefonte. TVA officials determined that finishing those reactors, which the agency started building in 1973, would be too costly." Application will be the first involving construction of a Westinghouse AP1000 advanced reactor, made by Westinghouse Electric Co., which is owned by Japan's Toshiba Corp. • Grid Security A video released last month by CNN illustrates the potential danger to the power grid, experts say. While in the past, most had imagined a cyberattack might shut down patches of the US grid for a few days at worst, But the video shows a demonstration by the Idaho National Laboratory that a large electric generator shaking violently, spraying metal parts, and spewing smoke before grinding to a stop. The method of attack used in that demonstration could be replicated to destroy more and larger equipment, several experts say.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Tidepool and Estuarine Fishes in Acadia National Park
    INVENTORY OF TIDEPOOL AND ESTUARINE FISHES IN ACADIA NATIONAL PARK Edited by Linda J. Kling and Adrian Jordaan School of Marines Sciences University of Maine Orono, Maine 04469 Report to the National Park Service Acadia National Park February 2008 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Acadia National Park (ANP) is part of the Northeast Temperate Network (NETN) of the National Park Service’s Inventory and Monitoring Program. Inventory and monitoring activities supported by the NETN are becoming increasingly important for setting and meeting long-term management goals. Detailed inventories of fishes of estuaries and intertidal areas of ANP are very limited, necessitating the collection of information within these habitats. The objectives of this project were to inventory fish species found in (1) tidepools and (2) estuaries at locations adjacent to park lands on Mount Desert Island and the Schoodic Peninsula over different seasons. The inventories were not intended to be part of a long-term monitoring effort. Rather, the objective was to sample as many diverse habitats as possible in the intertidal and estuarine zones to maximize the resultant species list. Beyond these original objectives, we evaluated the data for spatial and temporal patterns and trends as well as relationships with other biological and physical characteristics of the tidepools and estuaries. For the tidepool survey, eighteen intertidal sections with multiple pools were inventoried. The majority of the tidepool sampling took place in 2001 but a few tidepools were revisited during the spring/summer period of 2002 and 2003. Each tidepool was visited once during late spring (Period 1: June 6 – June 26), twice during the summer (Period 2: July 3 – August 2 and Period 3: August 3 – September 18) and once during early fall (Period 4: September 29 – October 21).
    [Show full text]
  • Beaver Dam Mine Project Environmental Impact Statement
    Plain Language Summary BEAVER DAM MINE PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT 1 Table Of Contents 3 About 4 Project Overview 5 Sustainable Development at Beaver Dam Mine Project 6 Current Condition of the Project Site 8 Project Description 10 The Life of the Mine 12 The Environmental Assessment Process 14 Engaging Communities of Nova Scotia • Meeting with the Mi’kmaq of Nova Scotia • Meeting with the General Public 16 Traditional Use by Mi’kmaq People • Nearest Mi’kmaq Communities 18 The Natural & Human Environment Today • Fish & Wildlife • Water • Current Use by Mi’kmaq Communities • Mi’kmaq Ecological Knowledge Study • Traditional Land and Resource Use Study (Millbrook First Nation) • Cultural and Heritage Resources • Recreational and Commercial Activities 22 Effects on the Natural & Human Environment • Air • Light • Noise • Groundwater • Surface Water • Land • Animals • Fish • Birds • Cultural and Heritage Resources • Effects to the Mi’kmaq People 34 Environmental Monitoring 36 Reclamation 38 Environmental Management Programs ꢀ 40ꢀ BenefitsꢀofꢀtheꢀProject 2 41 Conclusions 1 Increase font size for all body copy? About The purpose of this booklet is to describe, in plain language, theꢀproposed development of a gold mine at Beaver Dam (Marinette), inꢀHalifax County, Nova Scotia. Atlantic Mining NS Corp. (Atlantic Gold) isꢀtheꢀcompany that wants to develop this mine. This is a plain language summary of the Environmental Impact Statement that Atlantic Gold first gave to the federal government in 2017. It is important to Atlantic Gold that you understand how they will build the mine. Atlantic Gold wants you to know how they will protect the environment during building, operating and closure of the mine.
    [Show full text]
  • Carolina Thread Trail Master Plan for Catawba County Communities
    CAROLINA THREAD TRAIL MASTER PLAN FOR CATAWBA COUNTY COMMUNITIES December 2010 The Vision “The Carolina Thread Trail is a regional trail network that will eventually reach 15 counties and over 2 million people. Simply put, it will link people and places. It will link cities, towns, and attractions. More than a hiking trail, more than a bike path, the Carolina Thread Trail will preserve our natural areas and will be a place for exploration of nature, culture, science and history, for family adventures and celebrations of friendship. It will be for young and old, athlete and average. This is a landmark project. A legacy that will give so much, to so many, for so long.” -from the Carolina Thread Trail Table of Contents Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................................................01 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................03 Chapter 1: Introduction Carolina Thread Trail ...................................................................................................................................... 06 Chapter 2: Greenway Benefits Health Benefits ............................................................................................................................................... 09 Improved Environmental Quality ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Archaeology Vol. 51
    North Carolina Archaeology (formerly Southern Indian Studies) Published jointly by The North Carolina Archaeological Society, Inc. 109 East Jones Street Raleigh, NC 27601-2807 and The Research Laboratories of Archaeology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3120 R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., Editor Officers of the North Carolina Archaeological Society President: Kenneth Suggs, 1411 Fort Bragg Road, Fayetteville, NC 28305. Vice President: Thomas Beaman, 126 Canterbury Road, Wilson, NC 27896. Secretary: Linda Carnes-McNaughton, Historic Sites Section, N.C. Division of Archives and History, 4621 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-4621. Treasurer: E. William Conen, 804 Kingswood Dr., Cary, NC 27513. Editor: R. P. Stephen Davis, Jr., Research Laboratories of Archaeology, CB 3120, Alumni Building, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3120. Associate Editor (Newsletter): Dee Nelms, Office of State Archaeology, N.C. Division of Archives and History, 4619 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-4619. At-Large Members: Barbara Brooks, Underwater Archaeology Unit, P.O. Box 58, Kure Beach, NC 28449. Jane Eastman, Anthropology and Sociology Department, East Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723. Linda Hall, High Country Archaeological Services, 132 Sugar Cove Road, Weaverville, NC 28787. John Hildebrand, 818 Winston Avenue, Fayetteville, NC 28303. Terri Russ, 105 East Charles Street, Grifton, NC 28530. Shane Peterson, N.C. Department of Transportation, P.O. Box 25201, Raleigh, NC 27611. Information for Subscribers North Carolina Archaeology is published once a year in October. Subscription is by membership in the North Carolina Archaeological Society, Inc. Annual dues are $15.00 for regular members, $25.00 for sustaining members, $10.00 for students, $20.00 for families, $250.00 for life members, $250.00 for corporate members, and $25.00 for institutional subscribers.
    [Show full text]