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Zone of Siting Feasibility Study: Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site, Apra Harbor, Guam: Final Report (September 2006)&Q

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Zone of Siting Feasibility Study: Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site, Apra Harbor, Guam: Final Report (September 2006)&Q Architect-Engineering Services for Environmental Engineering Services at Various Navy and Marine Corps Activities, Pacific Basin and Indian Ocean Areas Contract No. N62742-05-D-1873 Task Order No. 0007 Zone of Siting Feasibility Study Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site Apra Harbor, Guam Final Report Prepared For: Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command Pacific 258 Makalapa Drive, Suite 100 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 96860-3134 September 2006 Zone of Siting Feasibility Study Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site Apra Harbor, Guam Final Report Prepared For: Department of the Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Command Pacific 258 Makalapa Drive, Suite 100 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 96860-3134 Prepared By: Weston Solutions, Inc. 2433 Impala Drive Carlsbad, California 92008 In Association With: Belt Collins Hawaii Ltd. 2153 North King Street, Suite 200 Honolulu, Hawaii 96819 September 2006 FINAL Report Zone of Siting Feasibility Study Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site, Apra Harbor, Guam September 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose and Need ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Regulatory Framework ........................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 London Convention .................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Federal Laws and Regulations.................................................................... 3 1.4 Site Designation Process......................................................................................... 7 1.4.1 Zone of Siting Feasibility............................................................................ 7 2.0 REGIONAL OFFSHORE DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS............................................... 9 2.1 Regional Dredging History..................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 U.S. Navy.................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Port Authority of Guam ............................................................................ 11 2.2 Regional Dredging Future Expectations............................................................... 12 2.2.1 U.S. Navy.................................................................................................. 12 2.2.2 Port Authority of Guam ............................................................................ 14 2.3 Need for Ocean Disposal ...................................................................................... 15 3.0 AREAS EXCLUDED FROM OCEAN DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL SITE DESIGNATION ............................................................................................................... 17 3.1 Navigation Lanes and Hazards ............................................................................. 17 3.2 Government of Guam Jurisdictional Areas........................................................... 18 3.3 Marine Protected Areas......................................................................................... 19 3.3.1 Ecological Reserve Areas ......................................................................... 19 3.3.2 Marine Preserves....................................................................................... 19 3.3.3 Territorial Seashore Reserve..................................................................... 20 3.4 Parks...................................................................................................................... 20 3.5 Ocean Outfalls ...................................................................................................... 21 3.6 Oil and Mineral Extraction Installations............................................................... 21 3.7 Fishing Areas ........................................................................................................ 21 3.7.1 Commercial Fishing.................................................................................. 22 3.7.2 Recreational Fishing ................................................................................. 22 3.8 Visual Resources................................................................................................... 22 3.9 Continental Shelf Considerations ......................................................................... 22 3.10 Zone of Siting Feasibility...................................................................................... 23 4.0 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................... 32 4.1 Dredging Methods ................................................................................................ 32 4.1.1 Mechanical (Clamshell or Bucket Dredge)............................................... 32 4.1.2 Hydraulic................................................................................................... 33 4.2 Dredge Availability............................................................................................... 34 4.3 Environmental Factors.......................................................................................... 35 4.4 Disposal Monitoring Considerations .................................................................... 35 5.0 ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS.................................................................................. 35 5.1 Economic Feasible Zone....................................................................................... 40 6.0 CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................... 44 7.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 46 Weston Solutions, Inc. i FINAL Report Zone of Siting Feasibility Study Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site, Apra Harbor, Guam September 2006 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. U.S. Navy Historical Dredging Volume Estimate, Apra Harbor, Guam ................... 11 Table 2-2. Port Authority of Guam Historical Dredging Volume Estimate, Guam .................... 12 Table 2-3. U.S. Navy Estimated Future Dredging Needs, Apra Harbor, Guam.......................... 14 Table 2-4. Port Authority of Guam Estimated Future Dredging Needs, Guam .......................... 15 Table 2-5. Summary of Future Dredging Needs and Management Options ............................... 17 Table 5-1. Dredge Equipment Specifications and Associated Unit Costs................................... 37 Table 5-2. Example Cost Calculation for Maintenance Dredging Project; Total Production Not Limited by Haul Distance ............................................................................................................. 38 Table 5-3. Example Cost Calculation for Maintenance Dredging Project; Total Production Limited by Haul Distance ............................................................................................................. 39 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Location of Interim-Designated ODMDS, Offshore of Apra Harbor, Guam............. 3 Figure 3-1. ZSF Eliminated Area - Navigational Lanes and Hazards ......................................... 24 Figure 3-2. ZSF Eliminated Area - Government of Guam Jurisdictional Areas ......................... 25 Figure 3-3. ZSF Eliminated Area - Marine Protected Areas ....................................................... 26 Figure 3-4. ZSF Eliminated Area - Parks .................................................................................... 27 Figure 3-5. ZSF Eliminated Area - Ocean Outfalls ..................................................................... 28 Figure 3-6. ZSF Eliminated Area - Fishing Areas....................................................................... 29 Figure 3-7. ZSF Eliminated Area - Visual Resources ................................................................. 30 Figure 3-8. Combined ZSF Eliminated Areas ............................................................................. 31 Figure 4-1. Schematic of a Mechanical Dredge (Source: USEPA 1992).................................... 32 Figure 4-2. Schematic of a Hopper Dredge (Source: USEPA 1992)........................................... 33 Figure 4-3. Schematic of a Cutterhead Dredge (Source: USEPA 1992) ..................................... 34 Figure 5-1. Total Project Cost vs. Distance to ODMDS for Mechanically or Hydraulically...... 39 Figure 5-2. Unit Costs per Cubic Yard for Mechanically or Hydraulically ................................ 40 Figure 5-3. Economically Feasible Disposal Zones (Maintenance and Construction Projects) for Mechanically Dredged Material ................................................................................................... 42 Figure 5-4. Zone of Siting Feasibility.......................................................................................... 43 Weston Solutions, Inc. ii FINAL Report Zone of Siting Feasibility Study Ocean Dredged Material Disposal Site, Apra Harbor, Guam September 2006 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CDF Confined Disposal Facility CFR Code of Federal Regulations COMNAVMARIANAS Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Marianas CWA Clean Water Act CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act CZMP Coastal
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