Guia Da Propriedade Intelectual

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Guia Da Propriedade Intelectual Guia da Propriedade Intelectual GUIA DA PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL Ficha Técnica Título IPédia — Guia da Propriedade Intelectual Editor Instituto Pedro Nunes — Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Tecnologia Autor Vários ISBN 978-989-97004-0-6 Design FBA / Ana Biscaia Abril 2011 Prefácio Leonor Trindade Presidente do CD do INPI p.10 Introdução: o Projecto Gapi 2.0 p.12 IPN Esquema da Obra p.14 O Sistema Gapi 2.0 p.16 IPN Conteúdos / Eixos Temáticos p.20 1. O que devo acautelar para assegurar a protecção dos meus activos intelectuais? p.24 Introdução – contexto p.28 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN Política de visitas a espaços/empresas de I&D e/ou espaços restritos (gestão da confidencialidade) p.29 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN Os Segredos Industriais / Know-how / Trade Secrets p.34 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN Direito de autor, Software e bases de dados p.36 Hugo Queirós UP MTA – Material Transfer Agreements p.41 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN Os Spotters de tecnologia p.46 Laura Alho UC Os Regulamentos de Propriedade Intelectual nas Universidades Portuguesas p.47 Carla Mascarenhas UTAD Restrição a divulgações p.49 Carla Mascarenhas UTAD Invenções laborais – regime legal p.52 Marco Sousa TecMinho 8 9 2. O que consigo obter a partir das bases 4. Quais são os modelos de avaliação de dados de direitos de propriedade industrial? p.62 de tecnologias mais adequados? p.120 Introdução – contexto p.66 Joaquim Duarte Silva U Évora Hugo Queirós UP A – O “vale da morte” das tecnologias p.124 Vantagens das pesquisas em bases de dados p.66 A.1 – Introdução p.124 Hugo Queirós UP A.2 – O “vale da morte” p.125 Elenco de bases de dados p.67 B – A avaliação de tecnologias p.127 Hugo Queirós UP B.1 – Contextualização p.127 Técnicas de pesquisa p.75 B.1.1 – A avaliação e valorização p.127 Marco Sousa TecMinho B.2 – A avaliação p.128 Preparação do relatório de pesquisa C – A definição do objecto de avaliação e o apoio e do pedido de patente (o estado da técnica) p.77 à decisão de patentear p.129 Marco Sousa TecMinho C.1 – Definição do objecto de avaliação p.129 C.2 – O apoio à decisão de patentear p.131 3. Como devo negociar os meus activos D – Métodos de avaliação de tecnologias p.133 intelectuais? p.82 D.1 – Métodos (elenco) p.133 Introdução p.86 Hugo Queirós UP 5. O que são os pré-diagnósticos de propriedade Licenciamento e transmissão de direitos p.87 industrial? Qual a sua finalidade? p.144 Hugo Queirós UP Lúcia Oliveira UA Averbamentos no INPI p.90 Dina Pereira UBI Hugo Queirós UP Contratos de Transferência de Tecnologia p.91 Definições / glossário p.154 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN UTAD Tipos de rendimentos possíveis para o detentor de tecnologia p.104 Ligações Úteis p.168 Carla Mascarenhas UTAD Técnicas de negociação p.108 Bibliografia p.170 Carla Mascarenhas UTAD Transmissão de know-how p.118 José Ricardo Aguilar IPN 10 11 A publicação deste Guia de Propriedade Intelec- Os GAPI e as entidades que os acolhem (Universi- tual vem romper com a tradição de que todas as dades, Centros Tecnológicos e Associações), para publicações sobre esta matéria são textos essen- além de serem uma Marca reconhecida nacional cialmente jurídicos, sobre interpretação e internacionalmente têm sido um dos diversos diplomas legais. dos principais parceiros estratégicos do INPI É neste contexto que entendo o convite que me foi ao longo da última década, partilhando o sucesso dirigido, e que aceitei com grande satisfação da divulgação do sistema da propriedade indus- institucional e orgulho pessoal, para prefaciar trial no nosso país. o Guia de Propriedade Intelectual, produzido pelas A publicação deste Guia é, simbolicamente, instituições que fazem parte do projecto GAPI 2.0. a concretização dos objectivos que todos almejá- Fui, no dealbar do Século XXI, uma das respon- vamos àquela data – abordar a PI com uma lingua- sáveis pelo lançamento em Portugal de uma Rede gem simples, próxima dos utilizadores, de Gabinetes de Apoio à Promoção da Propriedade sem deixar de ser rigorosa. Industrial, conhecida como Rede GAPI. Desde essa Aos GAPI em geral e aos que constituem época, tenho “vivido” o seu crescimento e consoli- o projecto GAPI 2.0 em particular, os meus dação assistindo à sua actuação determinante no parabéns pelo trabalho realizado e pela publica- sistema nacional de propriedade industrial. ção deste Guia de Propriedade Intelectual. Leonor Trindade Presidente do Conselho Directivo do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial 12 13 Intellectual Property (IP): creations of the mind: inventions, Este projecto é coordenado pelo Instituto Pedro Nunes literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, e conta com a participação da TecMinho – Associação and designs used in commerce. Universidade – Empresa para o Desenvolvimento da Univer- Fonte: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/ sidade do Minho, Universidade de Aveiro, Universidade da Beira Interior, Universidade de Coimbra, Universidade de Évora, Universidade do Porto e Universidade A IPédia é um guia de Propriedade Intelectual para empre- de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. sas, investigadores e empreendedores. Pretende-se que seja O GAPI 2.0 teve início em Abril de 2009 e decorre de utilização fácil, simples e efectiva. até Dezembro de 2011, com o apoio do Programa Operacio- O que pode encontrar aqui? Ferramentas e casos de estudo nal Factores de Competitividade – COMPETE. que ajudem a valorizar o conhecimento, isto é, a transformar A IPédia – Guia da Propriedade Intelectual é, assim, ideias em Euros (ou noutra moeda qualquer…). uma obra conjunta deste grupo de trabalho, mas onde cabe Este tem sido um dos objectivos da rede GAPI – Gabinetes destacar o contributo dos seguintes autores: José Ricardo de Apoio à Promoção da Propriedade Industrial, criada em Aguilar (Instituto Pedro Nunes), Marco Sousa (TecMinho), início de 2002, ao abrigo de uma iniciativa pública Joaquim Duarte Silva (Universidade de Évora), do INPI – Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial, Lúcia Oliveira (Universidade de Aveiro), Dina Pereira que deu origem ao surgimento de 21 GAPI sedeados em (Universidade da Beira Interior), Hugo Monteiro de universidades, centros de I&D, centros tecnológicos Queirós (Universidade do Porto), Laura Alho e outras organizações. É a partir desta rede que emerge (Universidade de Coimbra) e Carla Mascarenhas o projecto GAPI 2.0, com as finalidades de promoção (Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro). e valorização do conhecimento gerado por empresas, Fica uma sugestão para o uso deste guia: MÃOS-À-OBRA! empreendedores e instituições do ensino superior e do sis- tema científico e de fomento do empreendedorismo de base Carlos Cerqueira tecnológica, promovendo a utilização do Sistema de Pro- Coordenador do Projecto GAPI 2.0 priedade Industrial junto dos referidos agentes económicos. Instituto Pedro Nunes 14 15 A presente obra tem como finalidade acompanhar as três principais fases do processo de produção e valorização do conhecimento: Investigação (Invenção), Protecção e Comercialização / Mercado. Assim, estas três fases são exploradas, através de eixos temáticos que dão corpo a cada uma delas. 17 O Sistema apresentado tem por finalidade acompanhar Na primeira etapa — Invenção — observam-se alguns as três fases principais do processo complexo aspectos essenciais à gestão dos passos preliminares de produção e valorização do conhecimento: Investigação de um processo inovador, desde logo pela influência (Invenção), Protecção e Mercado. que podem ter no futuro dos resultados gerados. Com efeito, uma adequada gestão do conhecimento numa dada Na segunda etapa — Protecção — elencam-se factores críticos organização, seja uma empresa, uma universidade ou uma do sucesso da fase de tutela jurídica dos resultados alcançados, instituição de I&D não deverá descurar o caminho complexo iniciando-se aqui também acções visando que uma dada linha de investigação percorre desde a “ideia a certeza quanto à titularidade desses resultados luminosa” até um produto ou processo implementado no e ao seu potencial económico. mercado. Na última etapa — Mercado — apresentam-se tarefas Este caminho contempla vários procedimentos, acções e acções de manutenção e tutela dos direitos constituídos, e momentos que podem ocorrer, a todo o tempo sendo esta a fase que se deseja que todos os processos e repetir-se ao longo do mesmo caminho. inovadores alcancem, ou seja, a introdução no mercado O Sistema GAPI 2.0 visa, assim, em primeira linha, e a geração de proveitos. identificá-los e apresentar ao “gestor do conhecimento” O presente Manual da PI visa justamente discorrer sobre estas a melhor forma de os usar, maximizando as hipóteses acções e procedimentos, dissecando-os em pormenor de sucesso na valorização dos seus activos intelectuais. e inserindo-os sistematicamente nas três citadas fases. 18 19 pertencentes ao domínio público ou acessíveis, por vontade pró- pria ou por acção do titular e com valor económico próprio; — A relevância da matéria relativa ao direito de autor, em parti- cular a que respeita à protecção de obras e criações intelectuais do domínio literário, científico e artístico: livros, filmes,software e bases de dados com carácter criativo; — A utilidade dos Material Transfer Agreements (MTA), acordos celebrados tipicamente quando uma unidade de investigação necessita de um elemento dispendioso (por exemplo um rea- gente, uma amostra química ou um animal de laboratório) para prosseguir as suas experiências. Nesta altura, laboratórios farma- cêuticos ou empresas cedem de forma gratuita
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