Alphabetical List of Crops with Botanical Name
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Removal of Tannins from Faba Bean Hull Using Subcritical Water Marleny D
Removal of Tannins from Faba Bean Hull using Subcritical Water Marleny D. A. Saldañaa, *, Alaleh Boroomanda aDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5 *[email protected] ABSTRACT Faba bean hull, a by-product of faba bean dehulling process is rich in bioactive compounds such as tannins and phenolics that can be extracted from the hull for nutraceutical applications. The main objective of this study was to remove tannins from faba bean hull using subcritical water (SCW) and compare its recovery value to the values obtained by conventional solid liquid (S-L) extraction. Treatment conditions for subcritical water extraction were 100-200°C and 50-100 bar at a constant flow rate of 5mL/min. The S-L extraction was carried out using different solvent systems (water, 70% acetone, 70% ethanol, and 50% ethanol) with solid to solvent ratios of 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20 w/v at 50-70℃ for 3h. Extract solutions were analyzed for total tannins, condensed tannins, and phenolics using spectrophotometer methods. Individual tannins were also analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest total tannin recovered by SCW was ~265mg tannic acid/g hull at 160°C and 50 or 100 bar. The increase of pressure from 50 to 100 bar had no significant effect on recovery of total tannins at 100-200°C. For condensed tannins, the highest recovery was 165mg catechin/g hull, which was obtained at 180°C and 50 bar. In addition, the highest recovery of total phenolics (~44.54 mg gallic acid/g hull) was obtained at 120°C and 50 bar. -
Adverse Reactions
Read this insert carefully before you start taking this medicine. This medicine is only intended for use by the qualified patient. It is illegal to transfer this product to another person. The “medical use” of marijuana does not include the use or administration of any form or amount of marijuana in a manner that is inconsistent with the qualified physician’s directions or physician certification. Keep this medicine out of the reach of children and pets, if consumed, contact a healthcare professional or poison control center. Clinical Pharmacology General Information GrowHealthy products primarily consist of a plant-based This insert is an educational aid; it does not cover all possible uses, cannabinoid compound named ∆-9-tetrahydrocannabinol precautions, side-effects, or interactions of this medicine and is not (THC). THC is known for its “psychoactive” effects that intended as medical advice for individual conditions. Seek immediate sometimes lead to the “high.” The onset, intensity, and medical attention if you think you are or may be suffering from any duration of these effects are related to the route from which medical condition. Never delay seeking medical advice, disregard it is administered in the body. Each patient should start at medical advice, or discontinue medical treatment because of a low dose and increase the dosage slowly, under a information you find here or provided to you by us. None of the physician’s guidance. It is advised to start or adjust the information contained herein is intended to be a suitable medical dosage of the medication under the observation of a diagnosis or construed as medical advice or recommended treatment. -
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2002/55/EC of 13 June 2002 on the Marketing Of
20.7.2002 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 193/33 COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2002/55/EC of 13 June 2002 on the marketing of vegetable seed THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, (8) Rules established at international level should be taken into account for certain provisions relating to the approval of varieties at national level. Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 37 thereof, (9) In order to carry out the examinations for the acceptance of a variety, a large number of uniform Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, criteria and minimum requirements must be laid down. 1 Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament ( ), (10) Provisions relating to the length of time during which acceptance of a variety is to remain valid, the grounds on which acceptance may be revoked and the practices Having consulted the Economic and Social Committee, for maintenance of the variety must be standardized. Member States should inform one another of the acceptance and withdrawal of varieties. Whereas: (11) It is desirable to adopt rules in relation to the suitability (1) Council Directive 70/458/EEC of 29 September 1970 of varietal denominations and for the exchange of on the marketing of vegetable seed (2) has been information between the Member States. frequently and substantially amended (3). For reasons of clarity and rationality the said Directive should be codified. (12) Seed of varieties listed in the common catalogue of varieties should not be subject within the Community to (2) The production of vegetable seed occupies an important any marketing restrictions relating to variety. -
Comparison of Intercropped Sorghum- Soybean Compared to Its Sole Cropping
Volume 2- Issue 1 : 2018 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.02.000701 Saberi AR. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res ISSN: 2574-1241 Research Article Open Access Comparison of Intercropped Sorghum- Soybean Compared to its Sole Cropping Saberi AR* Department of Agricultural & Natural Resources, Research & Education Centre of Golestan Province, Iran Received: January 17, 2018; Published: January 29, 2018 *Corresponding author: Saberi AR, Agricultural & Natural Resources Research & Education Centre of Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran; Email: Abstract Glycine max L. Merill) with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) intercropping, this research performed in Gorgan and Aliabaad. Experiment compared on three levels inform of pure sorghum with density of 250000 plant per hectare, intercroppingIn order to of find sorghum the best and planting soybean pattern with densityof soybean of 250000 ( and 400000 plant per hectare, respectively and intercropping of sorghum and soybean with density of 300000 and 480000 plant per hectare, respectively. The number of planting lines was 60 liens with length of 66.66 meters and 50cm interval. For measuring of plant height, number of tiller, stem diameter and number of node, 10 bushes randomly harvested by using quadrate. By the way total surface area based of project protocol also harvested. For the results analysis t-test applied. Fresh forage production at treatment of intercropping with 300000 and 480000 plant density for sorghum and soybean, respectively in Gorgan %33.33 and in Aliabad %34.32 had priority compared to check treatment (sole cropping of sorghum with density of 250000 plants per hectare). Mean comparison of dry forage also indicated %24.01 increasing in Gorgan and %26.12 in Aliabaad. -
A Chromosome-Scale Assembly of Miscanthus Sinensis
1/23/2018 A chromosome-scale assembly allows genome-scale analysis A Chromosome-Scale Assembly • Genome assembly and annotation update of Miscanthus sinensis • Andropogoneae relatedness Therese Mitros University of California Berkeley • Miscanthus-specific duplication and ancestry • Miscanthus ancestry and introgression Miscanthus genome assembly is chromosome scale • A doubled-haploid accession of Miscanthus sinensis was created by Katarzyna Glowacka • Illumina sequencing to 110X depth • Illumina mate-pairs of 2kb, 5kb, fosmid-end • Chicago and HiC libraries from Dovetail Genomics • 2.079 GB assembled (11% gap) with 91% of genome assembly bases in the known 19 Miscanthus chromosomes HiC contact map Dovetail assembly agrees with genetic map RADseq markers from 3 M. ) sinensis maps and one M. sinensis cM ( x M. sacchariflorus map (H. Dong) Of 6377 64-mer markers from these maps genetic map 4298 map well to the M. sinensis DH1 assembly and validate the Dovetail assembly combined Miscanthus Miscanthus sequence assembly 1 1/23/2018 Annotation summary • 67,789 Genes, 11,489 with alternate transcripts • 53,312 show expression over 50% of their lengths • RNA-seq libraries from stem, root, and leaves sampled over multiple growing seasons • Small RNA over same time points • Available at phytozome • https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/pz/portal.html#!info?alias=Org_Msinensis_er Miscanthus duplication and retention relative Small RNA to Sorghum miRNA putative_miRNA 0.84% 0.14% 369 clusters miRBase annotated miRNA 61 clusters phasiRNA 43 clusters 1.21% -
Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific
Chapter 4 Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific Hiroshi Ehara Abstract Fourteen genera among three subfamilies in the Arecaceae family are known to produce starch in the trunk. The genus Metroxylon is the most productive among them and is classified into section Metroxylon including only one species, M. sagu (sago palm: called the true sago palm), distributed in Southeast Asia and Melanesia and section Coelococcus consisting of M. amicarum in Micronesia, M. salomonense and M. vitiense in Melanesia, M. warburgii in Melanesia and Polynesia, and M. paulcoxii in Polynesia. In sago palm, a relationship between the genetic distance and geographical distribution of populations was found as the result of a random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. A smaller genetic variation of sago palm in the western part than in the eastern part of the Malay Archipelago was also found, which indicated that the more genetically varied populations are distributed in the eastern area and are possibly divided into four broad groups. Metroxylon warburgii has a smaller trunk than sago palm, but the trunk length of M. salomonense, M. vitiense, and M. amicarum is comparable to or longer than that of sago palm. Their leaves are important as building and houseware material, and the hard endosperm of M. amicarum and M. warburgii seeds is utilized as craftwork material. Preemergent young leaves around the growing point of M. vitiense are utilized as a vegetable. Regarding starch yield, palms in Coelococcus are all low in the dry matter and pith starch content as compared with sago palm. For this reason, M. -
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Sago Palm Hiroshi Ehara • Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Editors Hiroshi Ehara Yukio Toyoda Applied Social System Institute of Asia; College of Tourism International Cooperation Center for Rikkyo University Agricultural Education Niiza, Saitama, Japan Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan Dennis V. Johnson Cincinnati, OH, USA ISBN 978-981-10-5268-2 ISBN 978-981-10-5269-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954957 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2018. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. -
South Sudan Country Portfolio
South Sudan Country Portfolio Overview: Country program established in 2013. USADF currently U.S. African Development Foundation Partner Organization: Foundation for manages a portfolio of 9 projects and one Cooperative Agreement. Tom Coogan, Regional Director Youth Initiative Total active commitment is $737,000. Regional Director Albino Gaw Dar, Director Country Strategy: The program focuses on food security and Email: [email protected] Tel: +211 955 413 090 export-oriented products. Email: [email protected] Grantee Duration Value Summary Kanybek General Trading and 2015-2018 $98,772 Sector: Agro-Processing (Maize Milling) Investment Company Ltd. Location: Mugali, Eastern Equatoria State 4155-SSD Summary: The project funds will be used to build Kanybek’s capacity in business and financial management. The funds will also build technical capacity by providing training in sustainable agriculture and establishing a small milling facility to process raw maize into maize flour. Kajo Keji Lulu Works 2015-2018 $99,068 Sector: Manufacturing (Shea Butter) Multipurpose Cooperative Location: Kajo Keji County, Central Equatoria State Society (LWMCS) Summary: The project funds will be used to develop LWMCS’s capacity in financial and 4162-SSD business management, and to improve its production capacity by establishing a shea nut purchase fund and purchasing an oil expeller and related equipment to produce grade A shea butter for export. Amimbaru Paste Processing 2015-2018 $97,523 Sector: Agro-Processing (Peanut Paste) Cooperative Society (APP) Location: Loa in the Pageri Administrative Area, Eastern Equatoria State 4227-SSD Summary: The project funds will be used to improve the business and financial management of APP through a series of trainings and the hiring of a management team. -
Toward Improving Photosynthesis in Cassava: Characterizing Photosynthetic Limitations in Four Current African Cultivars
Received: 19 June 2017 | Revised: 16 February 2018 | Accepted: 20 February 2018 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.130 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Toward improving photosynthesis in cassava: Characterizing photosynthetic limitations in four current African cultivars Amanda P. De Souza1 | Stephen P. Long1,2 1Departments of Crop Sciences and Plant Biology, Carl R Woese Institute for Abstract Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Despite the vast importance of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) for smallholder Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA farmers in Africa, yields per unit land area have not increased over the past 55 years. 2 Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster Genetic engineering or breeding for increased photosynthetic efficiency may repre- University, Lancaster, UK sent a new approach. This requires the understanding of limitations to photosynthesis Correspondence within existing germplasm. Here, leaf photosynthetic gas exchange, leaf carbon and Stephen P. Long, Departments of Crop nitrogen content, and nonstructural carbohydrates content and growth were analyzed Sciences and Plant Biology, Carl R Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University in four high- yielding and farm- preferred African cultivars: two landraces (TME 7, of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, TME 419) and two improved lines (TMS 98/0581 and TMS 30572). Surprisingly, IL, USA. A Email: [email protected] the two landraces had, on average, 18% higher light-saturating leaf CO2 uptake ( sat) than the improved lines due to higher maximum apparent carboxylation rates of Funding information Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Grant/ Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax) and regeneration of ribulose- 1,5- biphosphate ex- Award Number: OPP1060461 pressed as electron transport rate (Jmax). TME 419 also showed a greater intrinsic water use efficiency. -
Botanical Nomenclature: Concept, History of Botanical Nomenclature
Module – 15; Content writer: AvishekBhattacharjee Module 15: Botanical Nomenclature: Concept, history of botanical nomenclature (local and scientific) and its advantages, formation of code. Content writer: Dr.AvishekBhattacharjee, Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P.O. – B. Garden, Howrah – 711 103. Module – 15; Content writer: AvishekBhattacharjee Botanical Nomenclature:Concept – A name is a handle by which a mental image is passed. Names are just labels we use to ensure we are understood when we communicate. Nomenclature is a mechanism for unambiguous communication about the elements of taxonomy. Botanical Nomenclature, i.e. naming of plants is that part of plant systematics dealing with application of scientific names to plants according to some set rules. It is related to, but distinct from taxonomy. A botanical name is a unique identifier to which information of a taxon can be attached, thus enabling the movement of data across languages, scientific disciplines, and electronic retrieval systems. A plant’s name permits ready summarization of information content of the taxon in a nested framework. A systemofnamingplantsforscientificcommunicationmustbe international inscope,andmustprovideconsistencyintheapplicationof names.Itmustalsobeacceptedbymost,ifnotall,membersofthe scientific community. These criteria led, almost inevitably, to International Botanical Congresses (IBCs) being the venue at which agreement on a system of scientific nomenclature for plants was sought. The IBCs led to publication of different ‘Codes’ which embodied the rules and regulations of botanical nomenclature and the decisions taken during these Congresses. Advantages ofBotanical Nomenclature: Though a common name may be much easier to remember, there are several good reasons to use botanical names for plant identification. Common names are not unique to a specific plant. -
Biochemical and Nutritional Assessment of Guava (Psidium Guajava)
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) ISSN: 2455-264X, Volume 4, Issue 5 (Sep. – Oct. 2018), PP 01-07 www.iosrjournals.org Biochemical And Nutritional Assessment Of Guava (Psidium Guajava) Dr. Jyoti D. Vora1, Ms. Gautami Mankame2, Mr. Pranay Madav3. 1Guide & Head, 2,3Student, Department of Biochemistry & Food Science and Quality Control Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga, Mumbai – 400019 Corresponding Author: Dr. Jyoti D. Vora Abstract: Guava (Psidium guajava) is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the family Myrtaceae grown for its edible fruits. Analysis of proximate principles of guava was carried out and nutritional profiles of white and red pulp guava were established.Proximate analysis indicated that the carbohydrate content in the white pulp guava was found to behigher than the red pulp guava. The protein content varied significantly with more amount of proteins in the red pulp guava. The amount of crude fibres in red pulp guava was found to be more as compared to white pulp guava. The results for moisture content indicated that the red variety contains less amount of water. The mineral elements analysis indicated that the red pulp guava fruit was significantly higher in Calcium, Sodium and Phosphorous. The white variety was found to be rich in potassium. Sodium content in white guava was in very minute quantity and hence was not detectable. The value of ascorbic acid was higher in red guava, which indicated that the red pulp variety is richer in vitamin C.Isolation of pectin displayed that the white variety of guava exhibited more amount of pectin than the red one.There are a number of citied documents to prove the nutritional significance of guava, but in order to test this significance and hold between the two, most commonly found varieties of this fruit i.e. -
Cassava Plant Guide
Plant Guide Food products: There are hydrocyanic glucosides CASSAVA (HCN) in all parts of the plant; these glucosides are Manihot esculenta Crantz removed by peeling the roots and boiling in water. Plant symbol = MAES The young tender leaves are used as a potherb, containing high levels of protein and vitamins C and Contributed by: USDA NRCS National Plant Data A. The leaves are prepared in a similar manner as Center spinach, while eliminating toxic compounds during the cooking process. Cassava flour is used to make cookies, quick breads, loaf breads, pancakes, doughnuts, dumplings, muffins, and bagels. Cassava extracted juice is fermented into a strong liquor called kasiri. It also can be concentrated and sweetened until it becomes dark viscous syrup called kasripo (casareep). This syrup has antiseptic properties and is used for flavoring. The peeled roots of the sweet variety are usually eaten cooked or baked. Livestock: Cassava leaves and stem meal are used for feeding dairy cattle. Both fresh and dried cassava roots are consumed by ruminants in different forms (chopped, sliced, or ground). Cassava bushes three to four months old are harvested as forage for cattle and other ruminants. Lincoln Moore. 2005 USDA NRCS Ornamental: One clone with variegated leaves is planted as an ornamental. Alternate Names Synonyms: Jatropha manihot L., Janipha manihot Commercial: Cassava starch is used in the production (L.) Kunth, Manihot utilissima Poh, Manihot aipi of paper, textiles, and as monosodium glutamate Poh, Manihot manihot (L.) Cockerell, Manihot (MSG), an important flavoring agent in Asian melanobasis Muell. Arg. cooking. In Africa, cassava is used as partial substitution for wheat flour.