DOCSLIB.ORG

United Republic of Tanzania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
United Republic of Tanzania 1 United Republic of Tanzania GEOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND POPULATION The United Republic of Tanzania consists of the mainland and Zanzibar, which is made up of the islands Unguja and Pemba. Its total area is 945 090 km2. The country is bordered in the north by Kenya and Uganda, in the east by the Indian Ocean, in the south by Mozambique and in the west by Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia. The Indian Ocean coast is some 1 300 km long, while in the northwest there are 1 420 km of shoreline on Lake Victoria, in the centre-west there are 650 km of shoreline on Lake Tanganyika and, in the southwest, 305 km of shoreline on Lake Malawi. The terrain comprises plains along the coast, a plateau in the central area, and highlands in the north and south. The northeast border with Kenya is dominated by Mt. Meru and Mt. Kilimanjaro. Southwards is the Central Plateau reaching elevations above 2000 m. The mountain range of the Southern Highlands separates the Eastern plateau from the rest of the country. Land cover is dominated by woodland, grassland and bushland which account for about 80 percent of the total land area. Cultivable area is estimated to be 40 million ha, or 42 percent of the total land area. In 2002, 13 percent of the cultivable area was actually cultivated, comprising 4 million ha of arable land and 1.1 million ha under permanent crops (Table 1). The climate varies from tropical along the coast to temperate in the highlands. There are two types of seasonal rainfall distribution: • The unimodal type, where rainfall is usually from October/November to April, found in the central, southern and southwestern highlands; • The bimodal type, comprising two seasons: the short rains (Vuli) fall from October to December, while the long rains (Masika) fall from March to June. This type occurs in the coastal belt, the northeastern highlands and the Lake Victoria Basin. Annual rainfall varies from 500 mm to 1 000 mm over most of the country. The highest rainfall of 1 000 mm to 3 000 mm occurs in the northeast of the Lake Tanganyika basin and in the Southern Highlands. Mean annual rainfall is 1 071 mm. Zanzibar and the coastal areas are hot and humid and average daily temperatures are around 30 °C. October-March is the hottest period. Sea breezes however temper the region’s climate and June-September is coolest with temperatures falling to 25 °C. In the Kilimanjaro area, temperatures vary from 15 °C in May-August to 22 °C in December-March. The total population is 37.7 million (2004), of which 63 percent is rural (Table 1). The population density is 40 inhabitants/km2. The vast majority of the population lives inland, far away from the coastline. Poverty is concentrated in the rural areas; however, urban poverty has accompanied rapid urbanization. The national poverty rate is about 2 Irrigation in Africa in figures – AQUASTAT Survey 2005 TABLE 1 Basic statistics and population Physical areas Area of the country 2002 94 509 000 ha Cultivated area (arable land and area under permanent crops) 2002 5 100 000 ha • as % of the total area of the country 2002 5 % • arable land (annual crops + temp. fallow + temp. meadows) 2002 4 000 000 ha • area under permanent crops 2002 1 100 000 ha Population Total population 2004 37 671 000 inhabitants • of which rural 2004 63 % Population density 2004 40 inhabitants/km2 Economically active population 2004 19 337 000 inhabitants • as % of total population 2004 51 % • female 2004 49 % • male 2004 51 % Population economically active in agriculture 2004 15 214 000 inhabitants • as % of total economically active population 2004 79 % • female 2004 54 % • male 2004 46 % Economy Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 2003 9 900 million US$/yr • value added in agriculture (% of GDP) 2003 43.4 % • GDP per capita 2003 268 US$/yr Human Development Index (highest = 1) 2002 0.407 Access to improved drinking water sources Total population 2002 73 % Urban population 2002 92 % Rural population 2002 62 % 36 percent. In 2002, 92 percent of the urban and 62 percent of the rural population were using improved drinking water sources (Table 1). ECONOMY, AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY The country’s GDP was US$9.9 billion in 2003, and the value added in agriculture was 43.4 percent of GDP. The agricultural sector continues to lead economic growth, in spite of the recent emergence of the new high-growth sectors of mining and tourism, and it continues to have the highest impact on the levels of overall economic growth. Agriculture provides work for 14.7 million people, or 79 percent of the total economically active population, and 54 percent of agricultural workers are female. Small-scale subsistence farmers comprise more than 90 percent of the farming population, with medium- and large-scale farmers accounting for the rest. The main food crops grown are maize, sorghum, millet, paddy, wheat, sweet potato, cassava, pulses and bananas. Maize is the dominant crop with a planted area of over 1.5 million ha during recent years, followed by paddy with more than 0.5 million ha over recent years. The main agricultural products exported by the United Republic of Tanzania are green coffee, cashew nuts and tobacco that, in 2001, represented about 41 percent of all agricultural exports. The main agricultural products imported are wheat and palm oil. In recent years, the country has not been self-sufficient in cereals, but it is self- sufficient in non-cereals at the national level. However, there is a clear difference in the supply capabilities of staple-food crops among the regions: • In Arusha, Coast, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Mara, Tabora and Tanga, the supply is constantly less than demand; • Iringa, Mbeya, Mwanza, Rukwa, Ruvuma and Shinyanga have attained self- sufficiency or produce surpluses. United Republic of Tanzania 3 Rainfed cropping systems can be classified into three broad categories: • Short rains (Vuli) season from September/October to January/February; • Long rains (Masika) season from February/March to June/July; • A combination of the two (Musumi) from November to June. WATER RESOURCES AND USE Water resources Tanzania has nine major drainage basins that, according to the recipient water body, can be categorized as follows: Draining to the Mediterranean Sea: • The Lake Victoria basin, which is part of the Nile River basin. Draining to the Indian Ocean: • The Pangani River basin; • The Ruvu/Wami River basin; • The Rufiji River basin; • The Ruvuma River and Southern Coast basin; • The Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) basin, which is part of the Zambezi River basin. Draining to the Atlantic Ocean: • The Lake Tanganyika basin, which is part of the Congo River basin. Rift Valley (endorheic) basins, of which amongst others: • The Lake Eyasi and Bubu depression; Lake Manyara; • The Lake Rukwa basin. River regimes follow the general rainfall pattern. River discharge and lake levels start rising in November-December and generally reach their maximum in March- April with a recession period from May to October/November. Many of the larger rivers have flood plains, which extend far inland with grassy marshes, flooded forests and ox-bow lakes. Total renewable water resources amount to 93 km3/yr (Table 2), of which 84 km3/yr are internally produced and 9 km3/yr are accounted for by the Ruvuma River, which TABLE 2 Water: sources and use Renewable water resources Average precipitation 1 071 mm/yr 1 012 109 m3/yr Internal renewable water resources 84 109 m3/yr Total actual renewable water resources 93 109 m3/yr Dependency ratio 9.7 % Total actual renewable water resources per inhabitant 2004 2 469 m3/yr Total dam capacity 2002 4 196 106 m3 Water withdrawal Total water withdrawal 2002 5 184 106 m3/yr - irrigation 2002 4 425 106 m3/yr - livestock 2002 207 106 m3/yr - domestic 2002 527 106 m3/yr - industry 2002 25 106 m3/yr • per inhabitant 2002 143 m3/yr • as % of total actual renewable water resources 2002 5.6 % Non-conventional sources of water Produced wastewater -106 m3/yr Treated wastewater -106 m3/yr Reused treated wastewater -106 m3/yr Desalinated water produced -106 m3/yr Reused agricultural drainage water - 106 m3/yr 4 Irrigation in Africa in figures – AQUASTAT Survey 2005 TABLE 3 Main dams in Tanzania Name of Dam/reservoir Riverbasin Height Storage capacity Installed hydropower capacity (m) (million m3)(MW) Kidatu Rufiji 40 125 204 Lower Kihansi Rufiji 25 1 180 Mtera Rufiji 45 3 200 80 Nyumba ya Mungu Pangani - 875 8 flows on the border between Tanzania and Mozambique. Renewable groundwater resources are estimated at 30 km3/yr, of which all but 4 km3/yr are considered to be overlap between surface water and groundwater. About 5.7 percent of the total land area of the United Republic of Tanzania is covered by three lakes, which also form the border to neighboring countries: • Lake Victoria, which is part of the Nile River basin, is shared with Kenya and Uganda. Its total area is 68 800 km2, of which 51 percent belong to the United Republic of Tanzania. • Lake Tanganyika, which is part of the Congo River basin, is shared with Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo and Zambia. Its total area is 32 900 km2, of which 41 percent belong to the United Republic of Tanzania. • Lake Nyasa or Lake Malawi, which is part of the Zambezi River basin, is shared with Malawi and Mozambique. Its total area is 30 800 km2, of which the United Republic of Tanzania claims 5 569 km2 or 18 percent.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Findings from Pangani and Rufiji Basins, Tanzania
    Implications of customary norms and laws for implementing IWRM: Findings from Pangani and Rufiji basins, Tanzania Faustin P. MAGANGA1, Hilda L. KIWASILA1 , Ibrahim H. JUMA 2, and John A. BUTTERWORTH3 1Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA), University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35097 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 2Faculty of Law, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35093 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 3Natural Resources Institute (NRI), Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK Corresponding author: Faustin P. Maganga, Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA), P.O. Box 35097, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper presents the preliminary findings of a WARFSA-funded study, whose objective is to facilitate the formulation of better policies and guidelines for implementing IWRM through case study of local water conflicts. It is observed that, although the current water reforms in the country focus on the use of statutory legal systems to regulate the use of water resources, the country operates under a plural legal system. Apart from the statutory laws, diverse customary systems are relied upon in resolving water-related conflicts, and, neglect of these norms and laws may have negative consequences for the majority of the villagers who rely on them. The paper presents some of the water-related conflicts in the study areas and the views of government authorities and river basin managers regarding customary norms and laws for water resource management. Also, the paper describes how different types of conflicts over water resources are handled through customary, administrative and legal channels. Introduction Water resources management in Tanzania is currently under reform.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish, Various Invertebrates
    Zambezi Basin Wetlands Volume II : Chapters 7 - 11 - Contents i Back to links page CONTENTS VOLUME II Technical Reviews Page CHAPTER 7 : FRESHWATER FISHES .............................. 393 7.1 Introduction .................................................................... 393 7.2 The origin and zoogeography of Zambezian fishes ....... 393 7.3 Ichthyological regions of the Zambezi .......................... 404 7.4 Threats to biodiversity ................................................... 416 7.5 Wetlands of special interest .......................................... 432 7.6 Conservation and future directions ............................... 440 7.7 References ..................................................................... 443 TABLE 7.2: The fishes of the Zambezi River system .............. 449 APPENDIX 7.1 : Zambezi Delta Survey .................................. 461 CHAPTER 8 : FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS ................... 487 8.1 Introduction ................................................................. 487 8.2 Literature review ......................................................... 488 8.3 The Zambezi River basin ............................................ 489 8.4 The Molluscan fauna .................................................. 491 8.5 Biogeography ............................................................... 508 8.6 Biomphalaria, Bulinis and Schistosomiasis ................ 515 8.7 Conservation ................................................................ 516 8.8 Further investigations .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Troublesomeness’ of Transboundary Aquifers in the SADC Region NICK ROBINS British Geological Survey Queen’S University Belfast Groundwater Dependence
    A classification of the ‘troublesomeness’ of transboundary aquifers in the SADC region NICK ROBINS British Geological Survey Queen’s University Belfast Groundwater dependence 300 Basement 200 Sedimentary Volcanic 100 UNSAs MacDonald rural population (million) et al 2000 0 B V CS US Eckstein & Eckstein (2003) defined six types of TBA: 1. An unconfined aquifer that is linked hydraulically with a river, both of which flow along an international border (i.e., the river forms the border between two states). 2. An unconfined aquifer intersected by an international border and linked hydraulically with a river that is also intersected by the same international border. 3. An unconfined aquifer that flows across an international border and that is hydraulically linked to a river that flows completely within the territory of one state. 4. An unconfined aquifer that is completely within the territory of one state but that is linked hydraulically to a river flowing across an international border. 5. A confined aquifer, unconnected hydraulically with any surface body of water, with a zone of recharge (possibly in an unconfined portion of the aquifer) that traverses an international boundary or that is located completely in another state. 6. A transboundary aquifer unrelated to any surface body of water and devoid of any recharge. … but TBAs are by no means straightforward… Wet and dry climate cycles in Malawi 1962 -2003 TBAs identified in Africa by ISARM- Africa TBAs on the SADC Hydrogeological Map No. TBA References Name Member States River Basin Aquifer Characteristics from the SADC Groundwater Archive at: www.sadcgwarchive.net Tertiary to Quaternary age alluvial sands and gravels of the Ruvuma Delta, overlieing Coastal Sedimentary 3 Tanzania, Mozambique Ruvuma Cretaceous-age sedimentary strata.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This Book Is a Product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network
    Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This book is a product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network. Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin Edited by Mzime Ndebele-Murisa Ismael Aaron Kimirei Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya Taurai Bere Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa DAKAR © CODESRIA 2020 Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop, Angle Canal IV BP 3304 Dakar, 18524, Senegal Website: www.codesria.org ISBN: 978-2-86978-713-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from CODESRIA. Typesetting: CODESRIA Graphics and Cover Design: Masumbuko Semba Distributed in Africa by CODESRIA Distributed elsewhere by African Books Collective, Oxford, UK Website: www.africanbookscollective.com The Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) is an independent organisation whose principal objectives are to facilitate research, promote research-based publishing and create multiple forums for critical thinking and exchange of views among African researchers. All these are aimed at reducing the fragmentation of research in the continent through the creation of thematic research networks that cut across linguistic and regional boundaries. CODESRIA publishes Africa Development, the longest standing Africa based social science journal; Afrika Zamani, a journal of history; the African Sociological Review; Africa Review of Books and the Journal of Higher Education in Africa. The Council also co- publishes Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro-Asian Dialogue; and the Afro-Arab Selections for Social Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Irrigation of Wetlands in Tanzania
    Irrigation of wetlands in Tanzania Item Type Working Paper Authors Masija, E.H. Download date 06/10/2021 16:30:22 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/528 Irrigation of wetlands in Tanzania E.H. Masija Irrigation Department Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Cooperatives P.O. Box 9192 Dar es Salaam Summary Over 1,164,000 ha of wetland areas are listed as suitable for irrigation, mainly for crop production and livestock grazing. Existing and planned irrigation schemes are described for the ,main river basins where large areas are devoted to rice and sugar cane. Emphasis' is placed on the value of small scale, farmer-managed irrigation schemes and the rehabilitation of traditional systems. Introduction All wetlands are potentially suitable for agriculture because of their available water and high soil fertility. Due to national priorities or requirements some wetlands are put to other uses, such as game reserves. The total wetland area identified as suitable for irrigation development is estimated to be over 1,164,600 ha (Table 1). Wetlands are swamps or low lying areas of land which are subject to inundation, usually seasonally. They have hydromorphic soils, transitional morphological characteristics between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and support hydrophytes and halophytes. Wetlands in Tanzania can be characterised under four main categories: 1. Deltaic processes of rivers which discharge into the Indian Ocean and are characterised by flat topography, low lying relief and heavy'clay soils. They are subject to sea water intrusion which contributes to the salinisation of the soils which, under predominantly mangrove vegetation, are potentially acid sulphate.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Tanzania Embodies What Is for Many Mt Kilimanjaro the Quintessential Africa
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd N o r t h e r n T a n z a n i a Why Go? For many visitors to Tanzania, it’s all about the north. With Moshi..............................148 snow-capped Mt Kilimanjaro, wildlife-packed Ngorongoro Machame .......................153 Crater, red-cloaked Maasai warriors and the vast plains of Marangu ........................ 154 the Serengeti, northern Tanzania embodies what is for many Mt Kilimanjaro the quintessential Africa. But there’s much more to this ma- National Park ................ 156 jestic and mythical place and it would draw scores of visitors Arusha ............................161 even if it didn’t host these African icons. Arusha National Park ....176 Crater-capped Mt Meru is a climb that rivals its taller Tarangire neighbour, dry-season wildlife watching in Tarangire Na- National Park .................181 tional Park is as good as any other park in Africa, and the Lake Manyara desolate Rift Valley landscape between Lakes Manyara and National Park ................ 183 Natron will mesmerise you. Sleep in a coff ee plantation, Lake Natron .................. 186 hunt with modern-day nomads, ride camels, canoe with hip- Ngorongoro pos…well, you get the point. Conservation Area ........ 189 You couldn’t possibly do it all in one trip, but you’ll make a lifetime of memories no matter how much time you have. Lake Eyasi ..................... 194 Serengeti National Park ................ 195 When to Go Best of Culture Arusha » Cultural Tourism Programs °C/°F Temp Rainfall inches/mm (p 168 ) 40/104 16/400 » Lake Eyasi (p 194 ) 30/86 12/300 » Coffee Tours (p 149 ) 20/68 8/200 » The Maasai (p 178 ) 10/50 4/100 Best of Nature 0/32 0 J FDNOSAJJMAM » Serengeti National Park (p 195 ) Jan-Mar The Apr-May Rain Sep-Oct The best » The Crater Highlands (p 191 ) wildebeest turns roads time to travel.
    [Show full text]
  • Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Wildlife Reserve Within World's
    Sentinel Vision EVT-439 Ngorongoro Conservation Area, wildlife reserve within 29 April 2019 World's largest crater Sentinel-2 MSI acquired on 16 September 2018 at 07:36:09 UTC Sentinel-2 MSI acquired on 24 September 2018 at 07:46:31 UTC Sentinel-1 CSAR IW acquired on 28 December 2018 at 15:55:36 UTC Author(s): Sentinel Vision team, VisioTerra, France - [email protected] 2D Layerstack Keyword(s): volcano caldera, canyon, UNESCO World heritage, biodiversity, Great African rift, Gregory rift, Tanzania Fig. 1 - S2 (16 & 24.09.2018) - 4,3,2 natural colour - Ngorongoro Conservation Area is a green island within a drier landscape. 2D view Ngorongoro Conservation Area is not only the spectacular landscape of several extensive volcano calderas nested along the Great African rift; it is also an oasis of life encompassing rare large mammals that sustains even during the dry season. UNESCO listed this spectacular location as a World Heritage site, its sheet notes: "The Ngorongoro Conservation Area (809,440 ha) spans vast expanses of highland plains, savanna, savanna woodlands and forests, from the plains of the Serengeti National Park in the north-west, to the eastern arm of the Great Rift Valley. The area was established in 1959 as a multiple land use area, with wildlife coexisting with semi-nomadic Maasai pastoralists practising traditional livestock grazing. It includes the spectacular Ngorongoro Crater, the world's largest caldera, and Olduvai Gorge, a 14km long deep ravine. The property has global importance for biodiversity conservation in view of the presence of globally threatened species such as the black Rhino, the density of wildlife inhabiting the Ngorongoro Crater and surrounding areas throughout the year, and the annual migration of wildebeest, zebra, Thompson's and Grant's gazelles and other ungulates into the northern plains." Overlook on the rim of Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania - Source: Thomas Huston.
    [Show full text]
  • The Status and Future Prospects of Hydropower for Sustainable Water and Energy Development in Tanzania
    Hindawi Journal of Renewable Energy Volume 2018, Article ID 6570358, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6570358 Review Article The Status and Future Prospects of Hydropower for Sustainable Water and Energy Development in Tanzania Baraka Kichonge Mechanical Engineering Department, Arusha Technical College (ATC), P.O. Box 296, Arusha, Tanzania Correspondence should be addressed to Baraka Kichonge; [email protected] Received 7 January 2018; Accepted 8 March 2018; Published 6 May 2018 Academic Editor: Wei-Hsin Chen Copyright © 2018 Baraka Kichonge. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tanzania is among the countries with the fastest growing economy in Africa and therefore the need for afordable, clean, and most importantly sustainable electrical energy to meet her ever growing demands is pressing. In recent years, the country’s electricity needs have been largely dominated by thermal generations despite the fact that Tanzania is gifed with huge hydropower resource potential approximated at 38,000 MW with only a very small portion exploited to date. However, the exploited potential is expected to grow by commissioning of identifed large and medium-scale hydropower projects with a total installed capacity of 4,765 MW currently under various stages of implementation. Moreover, the geographical location of Tanzania has several benefts to support development of small hydropower projects essential for appropriate utilization of available water resources as a way of mitigating climate challenges efects. Over the last decade, the country electricity demand along with end-use of energy has witnessed signifcant increases as economic development spreads towards achieving Vision 2025 goals.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 6 a Tapestry of the Ruvu Past: an Overview to C
    Societies, Religion, and History Rhonda M. Gonzales CHAPTER 6 A Tapestry of the Ruvu Past: An Overview to c. 1800 CE There is no way to recapture the individual voices of Ruvu-speaking peoples who long ago 1 lived in central-east Tanzania. But there is a way to recover the legacies that survive in the words they collectively spoke. This book is the first to bring forth a Ruvu social history using, primarily, reconstructed word histories. Within its pages the histories of the words Ruvu speakers once used are woven into accounts that highlight the ways speakers of proto-Ruvu diverged into many language communities. It also recovers details about how proto-Ruvu and speakers of Ruvu descendant languages lived within their communities in earlier times. The histories of some of those words also permit us to access facets of their speculative knowledge. Working from this tapestry of Ruvu word histories, the book argues that Ruvu people took into consideration foremost in building their communities that the cosmos was biaxial. In their views, people, animals, and the other features found on the earth's surface lived in the cosmos's temporal sphere. The other sphere comprised a world of influential spirits. In Ruvu worldviews, spirits could benefit or hinder peoples' lives and livelihoods. That precept did not determine the way Ruvu people lived, but it did underpin the rationales that legitimized the sociocultural institutions they established in their communities. This chapter is a chronological review of the thematic accounts covered in the foregoing 2 chapters. In previous chapters, a majority of the data were presented along thematic lines because that approach preserved the integrity of the information that Ruvu-speaking consultants shared with me.
    [Show full text]
  • Coastal Profile for Tanzania Mainland 2014 District Volume II Including Threats Prioritisation
    Coastal Profile for Tanzania Mainland 2014 District Volume II Including Threats Prioritisation Investment Prioritisation for Resilient Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Coastal Zones of Tanzania List of Contents List of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. x List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... xiii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... xiv Table of Units ....................................................................................................................................... xviii 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 19 Coastal Areas ...................................................................................................................................... 19 Vulnerable Areas under Pressure ..................................................................................................................... 19 Tanzania...........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • First Enhancing Our Heritage Assessment at Ngorongoro Conservation Area
    2010-2011 First Enhancing our Heritage Assessment at Ngorongoro Conservation Area i Compiled by: Krissie Clark and Wayne Lotter of the PAMS Foundation, Dr Victor Runyoro, Hillary Mushi, Robert Mande, Henry Sweddy and Donatus Gadiye of Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA), and Sue Stolton (Equilibrium Research) Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Chief Conservator, Mr. Amiyo Amiyo, Dr Justice Muumba, NCAA, UNESCO and all Workshop Participants Photographs by: Krissie Clark & Wayne Lotter i Table of Contents Introduction to the project area, Ngorongoro Conservation Area ........................................................................................................ 1 Project Background ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 The Project Workbook and Tool Kits............................................................................................................................................... 2 How the Project was carried out .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Compilation of EoH Project Report...................................................................................................................................................... 6 Tools completed during the NCA assessment ...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2019-NCP-Annual-Report-1.Pdf
    INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW The Niassa Carnivore Project (NCP) was founded in 2003 and serves to conserve large carnivores and their prey in Niassa Special Reserve (NSR, formally known as Niassa National Reserve, NNR) by promoting coexistence and through a shared respect for people, their culture, wildlife, and the environment. Our team values are respect (for each other and the environment); “Tsova-Tsova” (a Cyao term for meaning you push, I push), communication, inclusion, teamwork, and opportunities to learn. Why we should care Niassa Special Reserve is situated in northern Mozambique on the border with Tanzania and is one of the largest protected areas (42,200 km2; 16,000 ml2) in Africa. It is managed through a co- management agreement between the Government of Mozambique (National Administration of Conservation Areas (ANAC) with Ministry of Land, Environment and Rural development (MITADER) and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). The protected area supports the largest concentrations of wildlife remaining in Mozambique including an estimated 800 - 1000 lions, 300-350 African wild dogs as well as leopard and spotted hyaena. Free-ranging African lions have declined over the last century to fewer than 20,000 today (Riggio et al., 2012; Bauer et al., 2015; Dickman et al, in prep). Well managed protected areas, particularly large protected areas like NSR that can support more than 1000 lions, are critically important for future recovery efforts for lion conservation (Lindsey et al., 2017). These types of landscapes are becoming increasingly rare. NSR remains one of the 6 strongholds for lions, spotted hyaenas, leopards and African wild dogs left in Africa today.
    [Show full text]