Conclusions in This Study, I Investigated the Relationship

Conclusions

In this study, I investigated the relationship between the Abraham story in Genesis and that in Jubilees. To achieve my goal, I divided the text into ten sections: the early Abram; Abram’s travels; land and covenant; Abraham, Israel, and the nations; events surrounding Isaac’s birth; Isaac’s binding; events after Sarah’s death until Abraham’s blessing for Jacob; Abraham’s testament to all his children and grandchildren; Abraham’s testament to Isaac; Abraham’s last day. Within each section, I mostly started with the overall comparison of the macrostructure of the section in Genesis and Jubilees. I then gave a synoptic overview and classified and discussed the similarities and dissimilarities between the two texts. At a microstructural level (verse by verse), I made use of the following categories: verbatim quotation; omission (minus); addition (plus); and variation other than omission and addition. The verbatim quotations and transformations usually occur in the same order of words and phrases in Jubilees as in Genesis. However, sometimes there is rearrangement, i.e., a variation in the sequence of words and phrases. In the course of the investigation I have shown that within a section, within pericopes in some sections, but also within verses, these different transformations have been simultaneously carried out. In conclusion, I give here a summarising outline of the Abraham cycle as a whole.

I. The Early Abram (Gen 11:26–12:3; Jub. 11:14–12:31) 1. Birth of Abram, Nahor and Haran 1. Marriage of Terah and Edna, birth of (11:27b; cf. 11:26) Abram (11:14–15) 2. Additions about Abram (11:16–12:8) 2. Birth of Lot; death of Haran; mar- 3. Genealogy: marriage of Abram riages of Abram and Nahor (11:27c– and Sarai; marriage of Haran and 29) woman; birth of Lot; marriage of Nahor (12:9–11) 3. Abram’s life from the departure 4. Abram’s life from the departure from from Ur until the departure from Ur until the departure from Haran Haran (11:30–12:3) with additions (12:12–31) 332 conclusions

II. Abram’s Travels (Gen 12:4–14:24; Jub. 13:1–29) 1. Departure from Haran until the 1. Departure from Haran until the sojourning in Hebron (12:4–13:4) sojourning in Hebron (13:1–16) 2. Separation of Abram and Lot (13:5– 2. Separation of Abram and Lot (13:17– 18) 21) 3. War of the kings (14:1–24) 3. War of the kings (13:22–29) III. Land and Covenant (Gen 15:1–16:16; Jub. 14:1–24) 1. Promise dialogue I (15:1–6) 1. Promise dialogue I (14:1–6) 2. Promise dialogue II (15:7–21) 2. Promise dialogue II (14:7–18) with Additions (14:19–20) 3. Sarai gives Hagar to Abram (16:1– 3. Sarai gives Hagar to Abram (14:21– 4b) 24b) 4. Tension between Sarai and Hagar and Hagar’s flight (16:4c–14) 5. Ishmael’s birth and name-giving 4. Ishmael’s birth and name-giving (16:15–16) (14:24c–e) IV. Abraham, Israel and the Nations (Gen 17:1–27; Jub. 15:1–34) 1. Abram celebrates the festival of the firstfruits (15:1–2) 1. God speaks with Abram (17:1–22) 2. God speaks with Abram (15:3–22) 2. Abraham executes divine command- 3. Abraham executes divine command- ment of circumcision (17:23–27) ment of circumcision (15:23–24) 4. Halakic addition with regard to circumcision (15:25–34) V. Events surrounding Isaac’s Birth (Gen 18:1–21:34; Jub. 16:1–17:14) 1. Second announcement of Isaac’s 1. Second announcement of the Isaac’s birth (18:1–15) birth (16:1–4) 2. Judgment on Sodom and Gomorrah 2. Judgment on Sodom and Gomorrah (18:16–19:29) (16:5–6) 3. Lot and his daughters (19:30–38) 3. Lot and his daughters (16:7–9) 4. Abraham’s journey to Gerar (20:1) 4. Abraham’s journey to Gerar (16:10) 5. Sarah’s abduction to Abimelech’s house (20:2–18) 5. Abraham in Beersheba (16:11) 6. Birth of Isaac (21:1–7) 6. Birth of Isaac (16:12–14) 7. Angels return to Abraham and Sarah (16:15–19) 8. Sukkot (16:20–31) 7. Weaning of Isaac and expulsion of 9. Weaning of Isaac and expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael (21:8–21) Hagar and Ishmael (17:1–14) 8. Abraham’s covenant with Abi- melech in Beer Sheba (21:22–34)